Buddha's Life .VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.

In  the  conventional view of the two  traditions , Guru  Dama  Si Dat Ta, a prince from the Shakyamuni clan  , was born and raised near what is now  the border  of  India  and Nepal in the century. 5 or 6 th BC, he had  compassion  compassion and excellence in the arts and  academics  of  the era  he. He lived in the palace throughout  his childhood , but as  an adult  he  discovered  things outside the palace. On the street, he saw a sick person, an old man, and a  dead body, made him  think  about  the  painful nature of  life . When he saw a  mendicant  leisurely  carefree , he bars considering the possibility  of liberation  from the cycle of  reincarnation . And  so , twenty nine years old, he left  the palace , shake off the outfit  royal , and  practice  the life  of a  mendicant  leisurely .

He  sought out  the  director  Professor big  era  he and  communication  techniques  of meditation  of them but  discover  that they do not  lead to  liberation . Undergo  6 years he  practiced  asceticism  strict  in the forest, but then  noticed  that the  tortured  body does not  tame  the mind, should he practice the  middle path  keeping  the body  healthy for  the benefit  of the  convent  spiritual practice without  bohemian  run under  the  facilities  are not  necessary .

Sitting  under a tree  Bodhi  where today is  Bodh Gaya  (Bodhgaya) in  India , he vows not  to stand up  until  it reaches the  enlightened  fullness . On the night of the full moon  in April lunar calendar , he has  completed  the process purge all  ignorance  and develop all  friendly France , and he has  become  Buddha  enlightenment  completely  (sammasambudha [ convulsion tri ], samyaksambudha [ Chang  equiangular ]). He was 35 years old at the time, and the next 45 years  He went to teach  the dharma  that he  realized  through  personal experience  to those who came to hear it.

The Buddha  taught to all  people , male and female, from all strata in  society ,  race  and age. Many of those who choose  the path  to abandon  life  family  and  take the  path of  monastic  practice , and therefore  the community  of monks or nuns  have been incurred. When the  disciples  of his  achievements  of enlightenment  and  become  teachers  of intellectual , they  share  with others about what they had  studied  it. From that The teachings  were  spread  throughout   ancient India . Centuries  following ,  Dharma  has  spread  southward to  Ceylon  [Sri Lanka]; west to Afghanistan today; northeast to China,  Korea , and  Japan ; Southeast to Southeast Asia and Indonesia; and north to Central Asia,  Tibet , and  Mongolia . In years  recent , many  centers  Dharma  has opened in Europe, America, the former Soviet republics, Australia and Africa.

I  feel  there is a relationship  deeper  with  the Buddha  Gautama  , as well as heart  gratitude  profound  teachings  of him and for example  the life  him. He had  a  deep reflection on   mental activities that had never been  known before  . He taught that the vision  we  influence  the  experience  we have  and the  experience  of suffering and  happiness  not by others  taken to  that is the product of  ignorance  and negativity  right in  the heart of  wake  us . Liberation  and  enlightenment  altogether  is  state  's other concern, not  external .

 Buddhist Sutras  and  Propaganda  of  the Dharma

Vehicle or Tao is synonymous. While we sometimes used to refer to a process of  practicing  spiritual , professional speaking we mention  intellectual  awakening  associated with  the  letting go  natural .

Buddha  transport wheel  Dharma ,  established  the  practice  of  three ministers :  Thanh Van Thua  (Savakayana, Sravakayana),  pratyekabuddhas  (Paccekabuddhayana, Pratyekabuddhayana), and  Bodhisattva  (Bodhisattayana, Bodhisattvayana). According  to the  Sanskrit tradition , the  three vehicles  are different in  terms  of  their motivation  for accomplishing  their  special purpose , the main object of their  meditation  , and the amount  of elaborate  and  time  required  to  attain them. the goal . The teachings  and  practitioners  of the  three vehicles  exist  in both  the  Pali and Sanskrit traditions. In general, those who  practice  Thanh Van Thua follow  in principle  the  Pali tradition , and those who  practice the  Bodhisattva Vehicle  in principle follow  the  Sanskrit tradition . Today in  the world  we , hardly anyone  practicing  under  pratyekabuddhas .

The teachings  of  the Buddha  spread  widely in  India  for centuries after the  Buddha  entered nirvana  and was  brought to  Sri Lanka  from  India  by the prince and  princess  of Ashoka in the 3rd century BC. The   earliest sutras were   oral orally transmitted by bhànakas -  monks who  overlapped the  sutras  - and according to Sri Lankan sources  ,  the sutras  were written  around  the first century  ago. Western calendar to form  the  Pali canon. Over  the centuries, starting in  India  and then being  augmented  by the   Sinhala monks in  the  ancient Sinhala language , the  commentary  on  the scriptures  was  built . In the 5th century translator and  commentator  great  contemporary Buddhist  Music (Buddhaghosa)  compiled  many ancient treatises and  translate  them into Pali. He also wrote  masterpieces of the  Pure Path of Discourse  (Visuddhimagga) and many other treatises. A  monk  in the South India  is that he  Dharmapala  (Dharmapala), live  a world  record then and also wrote many commentaries in Pali. Pali is  the holy language  unified whole  Buddhist  Theravada .

Originating in the first century  BC  ,  the  Sanskrit  tradition became a  viewpoint  and slowly spread throughout  India . The  system of  philosophy  in  India  -  Ty Ba Sa  (Vaibhasika), Kinh Luong (Sautrantika),  Du Gia  (Yogacara, called  The Mind  [Cittamatra] or  Duy Thuc  [Vijnanavada]), and  the Middle Way  (Madhyamaka) - opened as the  scholars  develop  perspectives  differ on the point yet to be  explained  transparently in the sutras. Although many of the  teachings  of  the  Pali tradition are  shared  with one or the other of these four  systems of  doctrine  , it cannot be compared with any of them.  

Many  universities  Buddhism  sprang up - Nalanda, Odantapuri, and Vidramasila - and many  Buddhists  from many  traditions  and different schools of  philosophy  together  research  and  practice . Philosophical debate   is a   very popular ancient Indian custom  ; The losers are  expected to  turn over the school of the winners. The  sage Buddhist  development  debate  and  reasoning logical  to  prove worth    of  teachings  and to gamble attacks have  personality  philosophy  of the non-  Buddhist . Famous  Buddhist debates  are  also   great practitioners . Of course , not all  Buddhist practitioners  are  interested  in  this way  . Many people like  to study good scriptures  or to  meditate  in secluded  lands .   

Today, three  suttas  are available in three languages: Pali, Chinese, and  Tibetan ; Tripitaka  Sanskrit not be  edited  in  India . Each  suttas  are divided into 3 "organs" (pitaka) - or types of  Dharma  - that are  associated with  3   specialized areas . The Vinaya contains the  disciplined  discipline , the  Sutta Pitaka  emphasizes  meditation , and the  Abhidharma  refers to  wisdom .  

Tripitaka  in Chinese was  published  for the first time in 983, and many other translations have been  published  later. The   standard version used today is the  Great  Reconciliation [Taishò Shinshù Daizòkyò], printed in Tokyo in 1934. It contains four sections: the sutras, laws, treatises, and  organ books  written in Chinese. . The Chinese  canon is very comprehensive,  sharing many texts with Pali and Tibetan texts  . Especially , the  Agama Sutras  in Chinese organ relatively  good  4 the first Nikayas in Pali.

Tibetan language  of Tibet  is  editor  and  the system  turned by Buton Rinpoche in the 14th century's first organ translation English  Tibet  was  published  VOA in 1411 in Beijing. Later editions were printed at Nartang in  Tibet  between  1731 and 1742 and later printed at Dergé and Choné. The Tibetan  Tripitaka  was  compiled  into Kangyur - the Buddha's words [of the 108] - and Tengyur - the commentaries from  India  [in treatises] in 225 volumes. Most of these were translated into  Tibetan  directly from the  Indian language ,  primarily is Sanskrit, although some books are translated from Chinese and Central Asian.

Tradition  Pali [Male TV]

Buddhism  spread  to  Sri Lanka , China, and Southeast Asia centuries before coming to  Tibet . I  respect  you are senior, sister of  us .

Theravada  [Theravāda] today stems from  Venerable Ministry  [Sthaviravada], one of the 18  sects  in  ancient times  in  India . The name Theravāda does not seem to indicate a school in  India  before  Buddhism  spread  to  Sri Lanka . The Sinhala chronicle Dìpavamsa used the name Theravada in the 4th century to  describe  the  Buddhists  in the island nation [ Sri Lanka ]. There are three sub-sects of Theravada, each of which has its own name: Abhayagiri [ Dharma Son ] (Dharmaruci -  Dharma ), Mahàvihàra [Dai Tu , Dai  Tinh Xa ], and Jetavana [ States Members ]. The Abhayagiri Theravada are closely  related  to  India  and carry many   Sanskrit elements . Even the Theravada sect Jetavana like also, but to a lesser extent, while the Theravada sect Mahavihara you still hold  the doctrine  Theravada  orthodoxy . In the 12th century, the king  abolished  the  traditions  of the Abhayagiri and Jetavana sects and mixed those  monks  into the Mahàvihàra, which still  stands out .

Buddhism  was  hurt  severely after the capital  of Sri Lanka  was defeated by force in 1017. Cola  Sangha  Bhikshu  and  nuns  have been  destroyed , though  Sangha  Bhikshu  was  restored  when the  Sri Lan  suddenly the taste  monks  from Burma to and  ordination . Dharma  has flourished  again  in  Sri Lanka , and  Sri Lanka  is  considered  the center  of  the  Theravada Buddhist world [Theravada]. When  the state of  the teachings  of Theravada or  lineage  Sangha  in a  country  is  affected  adversely , the  leaders  requested  the monks  from  the National  Buddhist  Theravada other coming to  ordain . This  continues  to this day.

At the end of the 18th century Thai King Rama I began to  remove  the  element  Brahmanism  and  esoteric , though today there are still traces of the temples  Buddhist  Thailand also keeps idols  Brahmin  4 inside the yard. King Rama IV (circa 1851-68), as  monks  for nearly 30 years before the  throne  successor ,  witness  status  Let loose  of  discipline  and background  education  Buddhism  and has  implemented  reforms  Sangha  extensive . Through the old funeral Traditionally  from Burma, the king began the  Dharma of  Samyakyamuni (Dhammayuttikà Nikàya), unified  the  other sects into the Maha (Mahà Nikàya), instructing both ministries to  keep the monastic  discipline of  discipline  more strictly. , and put two ministries under a  single church authority  . Rectifying  the background  education of meditation subjects , the king wrote the textbook series presents access  Dharma reasonable  and  minimize  down those  elements of cultural folk  not  Buddhism  cling       Thai Buddhism . As Thailand became more and more united, the government assumed  the authority  to nominate  ordained people . Law  Sangha  (Sangha Act) in 1902 put all the religious vienduoi the  control  of the court through a mechanism of  competence  focuses on  whole  Sangha  in  Council  Sangha  Supreme  (Mahathera Samakhom) was  led  by King Sai (sangharàja). The elder brother of King Ràma V, Prince Wachirayan, composes new textbooks that are the basis for the national monk 's examinations   . These exams improve  knowledge  of  monks  as well as to  highlight  the position  friars  who sublimate in  the church .

Neo-  colonialism do  harm  Buddhism  in  Ceylon , but brings  benefits  to some  Westerners  follow  Buddhism ,  especially  Theosophist Helena Blavatsky and Olcott, was  promoting  the  Buddhist laity  as Anagarika Dhamamapàla to present  Buddhism  in  a   more rational language and to connect with  Buddhists  around  the world . Buddhism offers  a  time to revive  Sri Lanka  in its confrontation neo-  colonialism and  establish  a  national  independent .

Neo-  colonialism did not  damage  many  Buddhists  in Burma, and it really  stimulates  the king  requested  the  priests  to teach  Vipassana  (Insight Meditation) in court. Soon, many  lay people  from all walks of  life  learned to meditate. Monk  Ledi Sayadaw (1846-1923) and  monks  Mingon Sayadaw (1868-1955) opened the  center  of meditation for  Buddhists , and  monks  Mahasi Sayadaw (1904-82)  conveys  his teachings to your  teacher laity . This type of meditation is now  common  in Burma.

The method to choose a saigon is different. In Thailand, they are usually  appointed  by the king. In many other countries  use  the senior or senior democratic process  . The authority  of a saigon is different: some are puppets; the others as he Maha Ghosananda of Cambodia has  affected  greatly because  virtuous  practice , the  work  benefits  of them, and the sublimation of changing  society . Thailand's King, the throne since the 18th century, is part of  a  national system that  deals with important  issues  of the  Sangha.. He has  full  legal authority  over  monasteries , affairs with  the  secular government , and is supported by  the  Supreme Sangha  Council . In Cambodia the throne king disappeared during  the  Khmer Rouge rule, but in 1981 the government  re-established  the throne.

In many  cases , governments  countries  create changes have  effects  secondary  employment  to reduce  the role  tradition  of king sent as Career  guru  and  Herbalist  and replacing them with the  system  's procedure  of the  educational  and medical  modernization . As a result, the Theravāda monks, as well as the  co-director  of them in the  country  according to  traditional  Sanskrit [Sanskrit], was  thinking  back to  the role  of them in  society when  faced  with  modern  chemistry.

Buddhism  In China

Buddhism  was introduced  into China in the first century BC, the first is through  the Path of  Silk from the territory of Central Asia, where  Buddhism  has  prevailed  , and then by sea from  India  and  Sri Lanka . In the 2nd century, a   Chinese Buddhist monastery  was present, and the  translation of Buddhist scriptures  into Chinese was  carried out . Translations  initially used the term  does not correspond each other, leading to some  misunderstandings thought Buddhism      , but by the 5th century, the  translation terms   became more stable. The beginning of the 5th century also  marked  the  translation  of more laws. Over the centuries, the  emperors sponsored translator  groups  , so many Buddhist texts , commentaries, and  texts  from  India  and Central Asia were translated into Chinese. 

 Chinese Buddhism still retains a diversity of  sects . Some  perspective  and  practice  common  to all  sects , while the  views  and  practice of  others just for the  sect  separately. Some  sects  differ  based  on the  teachings of  philosophy  of them, the  sects  other  based on the  mode of  practice , but the  sect  yet others by their own texts. According to  history , there are 10  Major sects develop in China.

1 / Meditation is  brought to  China by your  meditation  India  is  Bodhidharma  [Bodhidharma] at the beginning of the 6th century he is the 28th team in  India  and is the  primary nest  Zen Buddhism  in China. Currently, there are 2 sect still  exists :  Rinzai  [Linji, J. Rinzai] and  Soto  [CAODONG, J. Soto]. Rinzai  mainly  used  koan  [koan] - it was confusing to challenge  the practitioner  to overcome  the limit  of  consciousness  concept - and said to the  suddenly  enlightened . Soto  focused more on "just sitting" and slowly go  farther  again.

You  the teacher  initially  based  Lankavatara Sutra  [Lankavatara Sutra] and Beijing  Prajna  [Prajnaparamita Sutra] as  the Diamond Sutra  [Vajracchedika Sutra], and some of you then based on  the idea  Tathāgata  [tathagatagarbha], or "Buddha-nature." Kinh Thu Lang Nghiem  [Surangama Sutra] is  popular  in  Zen  China. Today most of the   Zen practitioners in Korea and some   Chinese Zen practitioners study  the Quan  Yin Method - the Middle Way philosophy  . Thich  Dao Nguyen  [Dogen Zenji] and Zen Master  Minh Am Vinh Tay  [Myoan Eisai] contributed to bringing Zen into  Japan  in the 13th century.

2 /  Pure Land  based on  3  Sutras  Pure  - State and  University of Amitabha Sutra  or  Infinite Life Business  [Sukhāvatīvyūha Sutra] and  Beijing Amitayurdhyana  [Amitayurdhyana Sutra]. It  emphasizes  reciting  the name of  Buddha   Amitabha  and  diligently  praying  to be  reborn  in his  pure land  , where there is all the   necessary circumstances to castrate to  practice the  Dharma  and attain  enlightenment. realization  fullness . Pure Land can also be  considered as  the pure nature  of one  's  own mind  . You  master  Chinese as  Chih  [Zhiyi],  Ham Son Deqing  [Hanshan Deqing], and  Random Utility Tri Yan  wrote the treatise on the  practice of  the Pure , shows how to  achieve  the  peace  and  enlightenment  nature  of  reality  while  focusing  on the Buddha  Amitabha . After the 9th century, the  Pure Land practice   entered many  sects Others in China, and today many  monasteries  Chinese  practice  both  Zen and Pure Land . He  Honen  brought the  teachings of  the Pure  transmitted to  Japan  in the late 12th century.

3 /  Thien Thai Tong  was  founded  by  Hue Tu  [Huisi] (515-76). Disciple  of him as  Tri Khai  (538-97)  established  processes  salons convent  from the easy to the deepest, with  teachings  ultimatum  contained in the  Lotus Sutra  [Saddharmapundarika Sutra],  Mahaparinibbana Sutta  [Mahaparinirvana Sutra], and  Mahamudra's  [Mahaprajnaparamita-upadesa] of  Nagarjuna .  This  sect balances  between study and study.

4 /  Hoa Nghiem Tong is  based on  the  Avatamsaka Sutra, translated into Chinese  around  420.  Great Master  Do Thuan  [Dushun] (557-640) and  Grand Master  Tong Mat  [Zongmi] (781-841) ) are the ancestors of Tsong  Hua Nghiem . Huayan  emphasizes  the interdependence of all  people  and  phenomena  and  interdependence  with  the universe . Individual  influences  the world , and  the world  influences  individuals . Chinese philosophy  Strictly Tong also  stressed  to  Bodhicharyavatara  bring  benefit  to all  beings  in  the world .

5 /  Tam Luan Tong  or  Trung Quan Tong  was  founded  by the   great  Indian translator   Cu Ma La Thap [Kumarajiva] (334-413) and is based on the principle of  the Quan  Yin Method [Mulamadhyamakakarika] and the Twelve Monh  Discourse.  [Dvadasanikaya Sastra] his  Nagarjuna  [Nagarjuna] and  Bach Luan  [Satake Sastra] his  schism  [Aryadeva -  Holy God ]. Sometimes  Nagarjuna  's  Commentary  was added to the fourth major treatise of  Tam Luan Tong . Tam Luan Tong  based in  Beijing  Prajna  [Prajnaparamita Sutra] and  followed  the Beijing  Endless Italian  Department of Theory [Aksayamatinirdesa Sutra] in asserting that the  sutra  is  uttered  meaning  ultimatum  of  teachings  Buddha .  

6 /  Du Gia Tong  [also known as  Duy Thuc Tong  or  Dharma General Tong ]  based on  the Secret  Sutta [Samdhinirmocana Sutra] and  Abhidharma Commentary  [Yogacaryabhumi Sastra],  Abhidharma Commentary  [Vijnaptimatrasiddhi Sastra], and the other commentary of  Maitreya  [Maitreya],  Invisible One  [Asanga] and His  Body  [Vasubandhu]. He  Xuanzang  [Xuanzang] (602-64) translated the  texts  of this important and  established  concrete after he  returned to  China from  India .

7 /  Vajrayana  [Vajrayana] [or  Tantric ]  based in  Beijing  Vairocana  [Mahavairocana Sutra],  the Diamond Sutra  Peak [Vajrasekhara Sutra], Kinh  Ly Animal Prajna  [Adhyardhasatika Prajnaparamita Sutra], Beijing  Su Tat Place  [ Susiddhikara Sutra],  explain  the  practice of  yogic  tantra . Never  been  spread  widely  in China, this tone is carried through  Japan  by  master  Not Hai  [Kukai] (774-835) and still  exists  at that date.

8 /  Law Tong  was  founded  by Mr.  Dao Tuyen  (596-667) and in principle  based on  the Law  Dam Infinite Spirit  [Dharmaguptaka vinaya], translated into Chinese in 412. Four other laws also been translated into Chinese.

9 /  tattvasiddhi  based  Luan  Sincerely  [Satyasiddhi Sastra], kind of  literature  Abhidharma  talk about  emptiness  and other topics. Some people think it  emphasizes  to  Thanh Van Thua , while others say it is the bridge between  Thanh Van Thua  and   Bodhisattva .  This school is no longer available.

10 /  The Exhortation is  based on the  Abhidharmakosa Commentary  written by Lord  The Body  [Vasubandhu] and  introduced  to China by  Xuanzang . While the  sect  is  in vogue  in  the period  "the golden era of Buddhism" of the  dynasty  Tang (618-907), at present it is very limited  influence .

Some of the 10  schools  still  exist  as   separate schools . The tenets  and  practices  of those  sects  are not included in the  existing sects   . Whether  Vinaya  no longer as  sects  separately today, the strict  morality  laws are  implemented  uniformly in the  sectarian  left, and  Sangha  are flourishing in  Taiwan , Korea, and  Vietnam . While no longer are the  sects Separate philosophy  Kosa ,  Duy Thuc , and  Madhyamaka  still  study  and  practice  in the  sect  Chinese  native  as well as in Korea,  Japan , and  Vietnam .

Many social changes in  the  early twentieth century  spurred  reform  and  modernization  of Buddhism  in China. The  Qing Dynasty 's decline  in 1917  ended  the  royal court's support and  support for the  elderly , and the governmental, military, and  educational institutions  wishing to confiscate   the temple's properties in order to used for  secular purposes  . The  Buddhists  wondering  Dharma  can play a  role  is nothing in the face of  civilized modern , Science, and the background  culture  abroad.

The change in  society  is  brought to  the  reaction  heterogeneous. His  Thai Hsu  (1890-1947), probably was the  monk  Buddhist  Chinese  celebrities  Most of the time, was renewing  study  Madhyamaka  and  Duy Thuc  and start  building  the institute  of education  for  the Sangha  using  the  method of  education  modernization . He also  combined  the best  of  secular knowledge  and urged the  ranks of Buddhists More involved in  society . Traveled  to Europe and Asia, he met with the  contact  with the  Buddhists  of the  traditional  other and  established  branches of the Institute for  Studies  of Buddhist  World . He encouraged the Chinese to  Tibet ,  Japan  and  Sri Lanka  to  study , and he  founded  the  Institute of Buddhist Studies  in China to teach  the classic  language  of Tibet ,  Japan , and Pali. Him Thai Hsu  also formed "Humanities Buddhism," in which the  practitioner  attempts  to do  purify the world  by  practicing  bodhisattva happy  right now as well as  pure mind  by  meditation .

Many   young Chinese  monks studied  Buddhism  in  Tibet  in the 1920s and 1930s. France Ton  [Fazun] (1902-1980),  disciple  of His  Thai Hsu , a  monk  at the  monastery  Drepung Monastery [Philosophy Bang], where he studied and then translated many treatises  India  into Chinese and a some  works  of him  Tsongkhapa  [Tsongkhapa]. The  monk  Nang Hai [Nenghai] (1886-1967) studied at   Drepung Monastery and, later  returned to  China,  built  many temples Practicing  according to the  teachings  of  Tsongkhapa . Bich Tong [Bisong] (Xing Suzhi 1916-) also studied at   Drepung Monastery and in 1945  became the  first  Chinese monk to pass the geshe lharampa [  highest Buddhist doctorate ].

Scholars  Lucheng [Lucheng]  listed  the  works of  scripture known  Tibetans  and Chinese to translate into other languages to  spread the  document  Buddhism  to the  practitioners  and  scholars  of China and  Tibet . The first half of the 20th century, the  Buddhists  of China has  increased  the  interest  for  Tibetan Buddhism ,  especially  with  the esoteric , and has invited many teachers  Tibet  to China to teach. These teachers and the  disciples Their Chinese translated most  tantric documents  .

Disciple  of his  Thai Nowhere  is he  Indian Thuan  (1906-2005) was a  scholar  erudite  have  research  experience and reasoning Pali, Chinese, and  Tibetan . As a  prolific author  ,  India  was particularly  interested  in  Tsongkhapa  's  explanations . Thanks to the  interpretation  of his  Indian Thuan   to  Madhyamaka  and Beijing  Prajna , many  Buddhists  Chinese new interest in the  teachings this. He has developed diagram of the  system  main philosophy in  Buddhism  of China today: (1) Heart's illusory  perspective  Duy Thuc . (2)  The  true mind is a  doctrine  like the tathagata ,  popularized  in China and has  a  strong influence on the  tradition of  practice . (3) No,  disguised  as  views  Madhyamaka  based in  Beijing  Prajna . Mr. An  Thuan  also encouraged   Humanity Buddhism .

Buddhism  In  Tibet

Tibetan Buddhism  is rooted in  Indian Buddhist universities   such as   Nalanda University . In the first century the era of western history and lasted until the early 13th century,  the University of  Nalanda and the  University of  others  include  many  scholars  and  practitioners erudite emphasized  to multiple  sets of  different and  accept  diversity of  Buddhist doctrines .   

Buddhism  first came to  Tibet  in the 7th century through the two  wives  of  the  Tibetan monarch  Songtsen Gampo (605 or 617-649). One  lady  is  a princess  of Nepal and the other is  a princess  of China, who carries  Buddhist statues  to  Tibet . Texts  of Buddhism  in Sanskrit and Chinese were  brought to  Tibet  soon after. From the end of the 8th century  onwards  ,  Tibetans  liked the texts coming directly from  India, and these texts form a large number of  Buddhist literature   translated into  Tibetan .

Buddhism  flourished in  Tibet  in  the reign of  King trisong detsen (about 756 to 800 BC), who invited  the monks ,  philosophers  of  the Middle Way , and logicians Santaraksita [ Santaraksita ] from  the University of  Nalanda and home  comfort old  tantric  India  Padmasambhava [ Padmasambhava ] to  Tibet . Santaraksita  ordination  for  monks  of Tibet ,  established  the Sangha  in  Tibet , while Padmasambhava transmitted  teachings tantric .

King also recommends tons Santaraksita  Tibet  assist in the  translation of  classic  Buddhism  into  Tibet . At the beginning of the 9th century, many translations have been  completed , and a committee of  scholars  Tibetan  and  Indian  standards  a multi  terminology  and  compiling  dictionaries  terminology . However ,  Buddhism  was persecuted during the  reign of  King Langdarma (838-842), and many institutes were  closed . Since then the Buddhist texts   have disappeared popular , the  practice  of people  become  disjointed, and they no longer know how to  practice  all  the teachings  as diverse as  one can  unify.

At this important time, Atisa [ A To Sa ] (982-1054), a  scholar  and  practitioner  from  the  Nalanda tradition , was invited to  Tibet . He taught a trade practitioner, and adjust the  perspective  wrong , he writes  Bodh pradipa  [Bodhipathapradipa],  explained  that the  doctrine  appears honey  can be  practiced  by one method  system , do not  contradict  each other. As a result,  people  understand that the  discipline  of meditation subjects  of Vinaya ,  Bodhisattva ideal  of  Dear  [Sutrayana], and the  practice of  transformation  of  Vajrayana  [Vajrayana] can be  practiced  in the  ways of  mutual  mutual. Many  monasteries  were erected again, and the  Buddha Dharma  flourished in  Tibet .

Buddhism  in  Tibet  before Atisa was known as the Nyingma or the "former translation." New line of  teachings  introduced  into  Tibet  began in the 11th century  became the  sect "new translation" (sarma) and this sect  was recovered  crystallized to form the  traditional  Kadam, Kagyu, Sakya and. The Kadam lineage  eventually  became known as  the  Gelug tradition [Hoang Phai]. All four  traditions  of Tibetan Buddhism  are  present  today - Nyingma, Kagyu, Sakya, and Gelug - are  emphasized  Bodhisattvayana ,  practice according to the manifest and  tantric , and all have the  philosophy of  the Quan Yin philosophy . Following Santaraksita's model, many  Tibetan monasteries  participate in rigorous research  and  debate  in  addition  to meditation.  

Some of  the past  misleading  terms  -  the terms  "Lama  Religion ," "Buddha alive," and "king of gods" - unfortunately  continue to  remain. Many Westerners who  came in contact  with  Tibetan Buddhism  in the 19th century called it the  Lama ,  the term originally  created by the Chinese, perhaps because they saw too many  Tibetan monks  and false beliefs. that all those  monks  are  lamas  (teachers). Or maybe they see the  disciples respect their  teachers and think     wrong  they  worship their  teachers. In both  cases ,  Tibetan Buddhism  should not be called a  Lama .

Lamas  [lama] and reincarnated teachers   [tulku] (  confirmed to  be  reincarnated  by  spiritual teachers ) are different in  Tibetan society  . However , in some  cases  the name of this  simplicity  is the  status society , and calling some teacher  rebirth ,  reincarnation , or  lamas  led to the damage. What makes me sad is that people put so much  value  on names. Buddhism  is not  a social class . It is far more important to  consider the talents  and  virtues  before getting someone to be your spiritual mentor   . Teachers must  practice  diligently  and be worthy of  respect , whether or not they have titles.

Some people mistakenly believe that since the reincarnated teacher   is  recognized  as the  reincarnation  of the previous  great Buddhist  masters   , they must be Buddhas and  thus  call them "living Buddha." However , not all reborn teachers   are  bodhisattvas , let the Buddhas separate.

The "king of god" may have originated with  the  Western press  and was  attributed to the  throne of  the Dalai Lama . Since the  Tibet  see  the Dalai Lama  as  the reincarnation  of the  Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara  [Avalokitesvara], the  bodhisattva  of  compassion  compassion, the journalist said that he is the "god," and since he is the  political leader  of  Tibet , he is  regarded as  a king. However , ever since I held the throne of  the Dalai Lama , I am  constantly  reminded Everybody  that I am a  simple Buddhist monk  , there's  nothing more . The Dalai Lama  is not a god, and since the  Central Tibetan  Government is based in Dharamsala,  India , now  headed  by a  prime minister , he is not a king. 

Some people think the Dalai Lama 's wrong person   is like a  Buddhist pope . Four  traditions  of  Tibetan Buddhism  and their many sub-branches  operate  an  independent  more or less. You  monastery  chief,  reincarnation , and teachers precious another,  met  every time  discussing  the  issue  of  beneficial  reciprocity  under the  protection  of the Ministry of  Religion  and  Culture  of the Government of  Tibet  Central . The Dalai Lama  does not  control  their  decisions  . Similarly  the  Dalai Lama  does not  lead  any four  traditions  . Gelug be  led  by the Ganden Tripa, throne twist, and the  tradition of  other ways you choose the  leaders  own  them.

Similarities and diversity of  Us

Sometimes people   mistakenly believe that  Tibetan Buddhism ,  especially  Vajrayana , is separate from the rest of  Buddhism . When I visited Thailand many years ago, some people  initially  thought that  Tibetans  had  a  different religion . However , when  we  sat  together  and  discussed  laws, sutras, commentaries, and topics such as the  thirty-seven assistants , the  four meditation elements , the  four non-  deterministic ones, the  four noble truths , and the  holy bowl , We  see that Theravada and  Tibetan Buddhism  have many   similar practices  and  teachings .

With  Buddhist  Chinese, Korean, and many  Buddhists  Vietnam , the  Tibetan  share  traditional  monastic ,  bodhisattva world ,  classical  Sanskrit, and the  practice of  the Buddhist  Amitabha ,  Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara ,  Bodhisattva  Manjushri ,  Bodhisattva Samantabhadra , and Medicine Buddha  . When  Buddhist  Tibet  and  Japan  met ,  we  discussed  about the  bodhisattva world , the  sutras like  the Lotus Sutra of the Lotus . With  Shingon  Japan  we  share  the  practice of  mantra  of  the Diamond World mandala  [Vajradhatu mandala] and Pi  Lo Price Na  Consummation  Enlightenment  [Vairocanabhisambodhi].

While there are differences in the texts contained in each organ, there is an overlap of the  document  to be  discussed  in it. In chapter  Next  we  will explore  the profound  than some of this, but here are a few  examples  typical.

Buddha  taught a long time about the  harms  of  anger  and  the antidote  against it in the  canonical  Pali ( eg , Samyutta Nikaya [ Samyutta Beijing ] 11: 4-5). Dharma  to  overcome  hatred  in  Bodh  Action [Bodhicaryavatara] His  Shantideva  also repeat these things. Nikaya  (Samyutta Nikaya 4:13) tells the story of  the Buddha  experience pain  raging  because his feet were cut off a piece of stone. However , he did not  suffer, and when provoked by the Devil, he said, "I  spread  compassion to all  sentient beings ." This is the  heart of  compassion arise when entering meditation and equanimity meditation ( Tibet  called tonglen) are taught in  traditional  Sanskrit [Mahayana], where  the practitioner  visualize  taking the suffering of others on her and then handed give others your own  happiness  .

In addition,  the  beneficial purpose  of  bodhicitta that is  so  prominent  in  the  Sanskrit tradition is the  extension  of the four  immeasurable  brahmaviharas, taught in  the  Pali canon. The  tradition of  Pali and Sanskrit  share  many  perfections  [parami, paramita]  similar . The virtues of a  Buddha , such as the  ten forces , the  four fearless people , and  the unlawful cross bowl  of an  enlightened  being are  described  in classics  of both  traditions . Both  traditions  refer to  impermanence , suffering,  non-self , and no. The  Sanskrit Tradition sees itself as containing the  teachings  of  the  Pali tradition and  builds  on a number of key points - for example, the  interpretation of  imperialism  according to the  Prajnaparamita  and  the sūtras  according to the  Tathagata Sutra  and some  tantras .

The  terminology  Buddhist  Thai  Buddhist  Sinhalese ,  Buddhist  Chinese,  Tibetan Buddhism ,  Buddhism  Korea, et cetera, are conventional  society . In each  case ,  Buddhism  in a  country  is not a monolithic and contains many  traditional  practice  and  system of  doctrines  of Buddhism . Among these, there are sub-groups of  monasteries  or teachers with different  associations  . Some   extra  traditionsemphasis  to the  study , while the  traditional  More  emphasis  to  meditation . Some  emphasize  the  practice of  the (samatha), some focused  practice  insight (vipassana, vipasyana), and the  traditional  others advocate  practicing  both.

While one  country  may have many  traditions  in it, one  tradition  may also be  practiced  in many  countries . Theravada is  practiced  in  Sri Lanka , Thailand, Burma, Laos, and Cambodia, and is also seen in  Vietnam . Right in the  country  according to  traditional  Theravada, some follow  Buddhism  time the early - only just  classic  - do not  rely on  the  interpretation  too much, while others follow the  explanation  in Traditional  arguments organ . Even robes in a  country  or a  tradition  are different.

Similarly , Zen is  practiced  in China,  Taiwan , Korea,  Japan , and  Vietnam . While the  yogi  Meditation in the  country  is  based on  the same texts,  doctrines  and different types of meditation again.

In Western countries  ,  Buddhism  from many different  traditions  and  nationalities  is present. Some group of Asian migrants first, and temples they are the  center  of religious  and  community  where people can speak their native language, eat  the food  the same, and teach their children  culture  of their homeland. Other groups in the  West  are  comprised  mostly of  Western converts  . A little mixed.

As  Buddhists , keep these differences in mind and don't think that everything  we  hear or  learn  about   other  traditions applies  to  everyone  in that  tradition  . Similarly,  not everything  we  hear about  the way  Buddhism  is  practiced  in a  particular country  applies  to all  traditions  or temples in that country. 

Actually we  are a modern  family Buddhist  diverse  follow  the same teacher  wisdom  and  compassion  as  the Buddha Sakyamuni . I believe that the diversity  we  are one of the  strength  of  us . It  allows Buddhism to spread  around  the world  and  benefit  the billions of people on this planet.END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.1/5/2020.