Order III The Four Noble Truths |
| A. Overview of the Four Noble TruthsOn the day of the enlightenment of the Supreme Bodhi, when the decision to go to the teachings, the Exalted from the pole in Bodhidhara Uruvela, go to Ba-la-complaint (BaRanasì) The place of Isipatana, in the garden of Nai (Migadaya) to start the Dharma talks five old friends with ascetic (five brothers Kudan-naked-like - Kodanna). The Sutra of the Sacred Sutra (Saccavibhangacittasuttam), the Middle Sutra III; Shakyamuni: Sutra of the Noble Truth, Middle Ages No. 31;Sales of the Annoyance, Annakodanna; The Four Noble Truths, the Four Noble Truths, the Four Noble Truths, and the path of practice The Middle Way is to stay away from the passion of the lusts and selflessness. At this point, the Blessed One manifested, proclaimed, insisted, created, distinguished, and manifested the Four Noble Truths which the Buddha called "Supreme Buddha Virtues". Actually, in this method, in addition to the year of the Sun-Kieu brother-like, there are thousands of gods to hear the Dharma. When the Blessed One proclaimed, "... until now, these bhikkhus, in these Four Noble Truths, true knowledge is purified in me, until then, In this world, with the Divine, the Magical, the Divine, the Brahmanical, Brahminical, Divine, and Human, I have witnessed: "Having attained the Immaculate Conception Enlightenment ..., "the gods in the realm of the earth, the Four Heavenly God to the Brahma world is high voice:" This Supreme Buddha ... is this A Falun Dafa has never been transported ... "(Sdd, p. 427). "In this moment, ten thousand worlds are moving, vibrating, moving, and a vast, generous aura emanates in the world, beyond the gods." (Id., P. 427). Immediately after this method, the Blessed One declared: "Understanding is Kodanna." From there, the new artist Kieu-ceiling-like as Anna Kodanna (Kieu Tran as understood), and along with the thousands of Brahma attained the momentum-completion (Chief) Raising the Shelf, Anna-Kodanna. What is the Four Noble Truths? "It is the Noble Truth, the Noble Truth of Suffering, the cessation of the Noble Truth and the cessation of the Noble Truth." What is the Noble Truth? Suffering is suffering, suffering is suffering, suffering is suffering, suffering is suffering, suffering is suffering, suffering is suffering, suffering is separation, suffering is separation, suffering is not suffering. is suffering. (Comparative V, Zhuan Falun, p.424). The parts of the Sutra in the Middle Sutra define the other Suffering: "Birth is suffering, aging is suffering, illness is suffering, death is suffering, sorrow, suffering, suffering, suffering, suffering is suffering. In summary, the five aggregates are suffering. (Center of the Third, the Truth of the Sutra, page 470). What is the Universal Noble Truth? "It is this love that gives birth to rebirth, friendship with joy and greed, seeking pleasure here and there, ie love, compassion, non-loving." (V, V, 425, Center III, Sutra Mind Sutra). What is the cessation of suffering? "It is the extinguish, the glass of greed, not the thirst, the throw away, give up, free, no attachment."(Ibid., P. 425). What is the Noble Path? "It is the Noble Eightfold Path, ie right view ... right concentration." (Ibid., P. 425). The Buddha explained the true truth of the Four Noble Truths as knowing the Four Noble Truths through "Three Transfers" and Twelve Actions. The three transfusions are: seeing clearly the suffering and showing sentient beings what suffering is called "transitory";Understanding the suffering and encouraging sentient beings to recognize suffering is called "promotion"; Enlightenment, to eliminate all suffering called "proof". There are three transcendental Truths, so the four Truths are composed of twelve servants. The Sun teaches: "This is the Noble Truth of suffering, bhikkhus, for the previous dharmas I have never heard, birth, wisdom, wisdom, birth, vision. This is the Noble Truth of suffering has been tri (proof) for the previous law I have not heard, label birth ... born, born. " (Ibid., P. 425). Similar to Tap, Kill, Emperor. Noble Truth is the way to practice meditation. The Buddha confirmed the path to liberation not due to suffering, but thanks to joy and lost: "Iniquitous, bhikkhus, reincarnation, the beginning can not be specified, for the sufferings of piercing, cutting, hammering, even if, It is not stated that by suffering and goodness, the Four Noble Truths are realized, but, bhikkhus, we proclaim by means of pleasure and joy, the Four Noble Truths. (Id., P. 446). Venerable Sāriputta made the following remarks on the Four Noble Truths: "Sages, like all the footprints of all animals, are photographed in the footprints of elephants, because this footprint is the greatest of all footprints in greatness. The good is concentrated in the Four Noble Truths. " (Center I, The Analysis of the Resurrection, p. Thus, the Four Noble Truths is the very foundation, the essence of Buddhism, of the path to liberation. On this path, he walks safely, joyfully and happily, to the goal of liberation, reaching liberation, without having to go with anxiety, sadness or pessimism. The Buddha preached the Four Noble Truths; His disciples also preached during his forty-five years on earth. So far, this teaching is still the fundamental teaching of the Buddhist sects, no Buddhist researcher can deny this. Say the Four Noble Truths, but actually there is only one truth forever: who sees the Noble Truth, he simultaneously sees the Four Noble Truths as the Buddha taught: "Monks, who see suffering, he also see suffering, also see suffering, also see the way to the cessation of suffering, who also see the suffering, he also see suffering, also see suffering, see also The path leading to the cessation of suffering, who also see the suffering, he also see the suffering, also see the suffering, also see the Way to the cessation of suffering, who see the Way to the cessation of suffering, he also see suffering, also see suffering I also see the cessation of suffering. (Id., P. 441). Seeing the Four Noble Truths means having Right Understanding of the Four Noble Truths. This is a sign of enlightenment as the Four Noble Truths. The monk teaches: "Behold, bhikkhus, this is the first sign, before the sun, The message of enlightenment as real Four Noble Truths, ie, Right Understanding. (Cf. verse 447). The student of the Buddha must be deeply aware that the Noble Truth is not only the fundamental teaching, but the most fundamental foundation of the doctrines. One day, in the forest of Simsapà in Kosambi, the Blessed One confirmed what he knew as much as the leaves in the Simsapa forest, but what he taught his disciples was little like a leaf in his hand. Why? - The Blessed One teaches that what he does not teach is that which is not the basis for virtue, not the cup of greed, liberation, enlightenment, Nirvana. What the Buddha taught is suffering, suffering, suffering, cessation, because they are closely related to the purpose of liberation, is the basis of happiness, lead to glass, enlightenment, Nirvana (Ibid, p.442). Because of this importance, the Blessed One taught the teachings many times, many ways and with many uses of teaching. He said: "There are countless words, immeasurable, immeasurable questions." (Ibid, p. 433). We examine each part of the Four Noble Truths in turn. B. Contents of the Four Noble Truths * The Noble Truth (Dukkha): According to the teachings, life, and birth and death, are just suffering. First of all, through this statement, some people quickly accuse Buddhism of being negative, pessimistic, cynical. We need to define here that this is a statement after experiencing and observing life. It is a perception. It can only be criticized for right or wrong, appropriate or not appropriate for life, not positive or pessimistic, positive or negative. Optimistic or pessimistic is a way of life, not perception, of life. Even with the attitude of Buddhism, there is nothing to do with optimism or pessimism; Buddhism maintains the Middle Way in both the sphere of consciousness and the act of (living). Right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, mindfulness and concentration is the attitude manifested outside, centrally directed without leaning optimistic or pessimistic. Walk on the Four Noble Truths meaning we increasingly clear lifelike attitude, calm, blissful and full of Buddhist liberation. The Noble Truth is called because it leads to suffering. Called noble because it is true: "Four Noble Truths, the monks, is the truth, not glass-like, do not like the truth. So-called noble". (Ex. V, pp. 439). Now let's try to find out what the difference between the suffering nature of human beings and the Buddhist sense of suffering (Dukkha) before going into the analysis of each event suffering. See impermanence, suffering in life. Wn like emperor: "Child creativity is too boring,or: "Finished personnel,there is: "Phong bare to paint,The great poets in our country often have similar emotions, Nguyen Du has coal: "Hundred years in the human realm,Life is impermanent is suffering, but clinging to the thirst and self, the more pain, the more lament, the more lament, the more painful. Poetry still leaves the lament of suffering.Buddhism also sees impermanence and suffering. By impermanence suffering. Because of all life because of the condition of birth that is impermanent; By the desire to hold the life of non-stop flowing suffering. True suffering, according to Buddhism, is not because of impermanence, but because of craving, and attachment. I was only half an inch tall, my misery was not one and a half meters tall, but because I wanted to be taller than a meter and a half, because I thought a half meter was bad, The difference between Buddhism and human life is that, while Buddhism is suffering from craving, life is craving. These different points of view turn the truth of suffering into the truth of the holy one called the Noble Truth. Birth is suffering: The copy: "Each species, in each category, the birth, birth, birth, rebirth, the appearance of aggregates, the plan to achieve the basis of birth" (Central III , The Truth of the Divine Mind, p. 471). For human beings, birth means from conception until birth. Pregnancy was difficult. There must be three conditions for the newborn to form: karma (or warm incense), the spirit of the parents combined, and in the time of the mother can conceive. Only one pair of sperm is born between more than a few million sperm, which is a problem. Nine months in the womb, with the fetus is a long time and fear. When it is hot in the middle of the desert sun, it sounds like in the cold snow. Food and physical changes, psychology of the mother have a strong influence on the fetus. The baby is born and grows out of his desire. This is a great suffering. Pregnancy is the result of love, ignorance, ignorance, forgetting all of the past life. This is another great thing. At birth, due to pressure and due to habitat changes, the child is suffering a lot. - The mother would be in pain. Birth is not the phenomenon of birth, still birth through each kill. Everything goes beyond your intervention, is a pain. The poet often refers to the child's suffering expressed through the cry of birth, and this cry also signals a new process of birth and death: - "At first, the moment of crying,The old is suffering: "aging, decay, state of tooth loss, silver hair, wrinkled skin, shortened life, the basics of the so-called aging old." (The Center of the Sutra, Center III, 471).Although young, it is easy to recognize old is suffering. In life no one wants to grow old, wait for old, most are women. Western politeness, without asking the age of the women, by doing so reminds them to return to the sad image: old or old. Who does not want to be young forever? The younger you are, the more you suffer from the old. Old is a terrible event! It is like the sunset, burying many dreams of life. If the child is beautiful, full of life, how much comfort, the old reverse it all, with his back, cheeks, wrinkles, dark eyes, deaf ears. The old man robbed the health, robbed the happy things of eating, wearing, sleep ... It is like a horse on the road of life thousands of miles. In old age there are many aches and pains; There, death is approaching, which everyone is afraid of. Disease is suffering: Almost everyone has the opportunity to taste the bitter taste of illness, but deep in the suffering of the disease is rare. Only one tooth achieves enough to make us very comfortable. A poisonous gust of wind that blinds up your mind, even for a moment, is enough for you to see that you do not master the body, mind; This fragile life can be extinguished at any time along with the cause of suffering that is built upon in life. It is suffering. How many other diseases can enter the body, liver, intestines, stomach, eyes, nose, etc ... at any time. The obsession of sickness and illness is enough to make me suffer. Trying to go to the hospital once, the phenomenon of disease is suffering. The person is almost completely passive before the body. This is really the biggest pain. Death is death: Everyone must die sooner or later. The feeling of suffering of death is a bit ambiguous, because when it is felt, it is not dead, but when it is dead it is not felt. However, what we can recognize is that when there are dead people, the scene of emotion, tragedy, mourning, suffering is clear. Suffering for the more living. The dying person who knows that he is going to die is psychologically full of traumatic fluctuations. Here, it is clear that dying is not much suffering, but the haunting of death causes more suffering. The more I want to live, the more I live, the more afraid of death. The fear of death, the psychological life is more fluctuate and can start more evil mind, if not practicing liberation. Some do not know what will happen to them after death; Some people think that death is all gone and that life is full of life, and in a hurry to lose all the peace and serenity of life. Dead, therefore, become a nightmare of life. Death can happen at any time for any reason, so the phantom power of it is even greater, stretching throughout life. This is the suffering of death. Sorrow, suffering, suffering, suffering, suffering is suffering. Their self is clearly suffering. Due to the accident, due to painful feelings that produce sorrow, sorrow is suffering. Because of the accident, due to feelings of suffering that tragedy, bemused, mourning, lamenting; should be suffering. Uncomfortable body, physical pain is suffering; This suffering is also suffering (Dukkha). The discomfort of the mind, the suffering felt by the mind called the superior, the superior is suffering. Due to the accident, suffering from cerebral palsy, cerebral palsy, despair, despair, called the brain, so the brain is suffering. Desire is not suffering. All living beings are born, old, sick, dying, but the heart is always looking for not suffering from birth, do not get sick, do not get old or old age, do not die or die dominant . Desire for things that can not be accomplished is despair, despair, sorrow, so it is suffering (Dukkha). There are other long-awaited wishes: good friends, good ones, good names, beautiful things, etc. Not all wishes are fulfilled. Desire not become reality is suffering. The reason for this suffering is that man does not really own himself, does not really master the situation of others. Life is a wish, but desire is suffering. That's life! Dealing with the meaning of "undue demand", we have the "cherish suffering" and "resentment suffering". Love is the object of love is separated, the separation will be disappointed, sorrow and suffering (Dukkha). What I hate to hold a hold, meet face will make you frustrated, annoyed, troublesome, it is suffering (Dukkha). The Five Aggregates are dukkha : as revealed in the Five Aggregates. The five aggregates, which are conditioned, should be non-self, impermanent. Because of impermanence, the mutilations go against human craving and attachment, so suffering. Because of ignorance, people accept the body of aggregates, feeling, understanding ... is their self, their self, so when they change, translate, listen to their suffering. Living with the Five Aggregates as living in the burning house. Fire, fire and fire are burning in the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind;burning in color, bar, flavor, taste, and legal. That means the whole world is on fire. Accepting the Five Aggregates as Self is Burned. See, the five aggregates are suffering. The suffering can be manifested through three actions: Dukkha-dukkha (dukkha): the ordinary suffering, suffering dukkha.- Viparigama-dukkha: due to sudden change, suffering, pleasure. The Noble Truth (Samudaya) All the sufferings mentioned above are the main cause of their suffering (Tanhà). As has been argued many times in the previous teachings, the Five Aggregates are suffering from the Five Aggregates of Aggregate, and impermanence is the meaning of suffering. Where there is impermanence, there is suffering. From hell to non-phi-phi realms are Impermanent, so they are in the sense of suffering (Dukkha). Actually, not because of impermanence but suffering. Because of human color, love, love, love, eating, so when life, life, thought, change, new destruction sorrow, bi, suffering, good, brain. Pain is the thirst. Even if the presence of the so-called suffering, if human beings do not attach themselves to the identity is ..., life is ... I think ... I am self, I, my self, will not see anyone suffering or suffering. Only when there is attachment, is there really suffering, suffering? Where there is sex, greed there is clinging, as the Buddha taught. In short, the root of suffering is craving. Craving does not mean the first cause of suffering, according to Buddhism (or the doctrine of dependent origination). Because, righteous due to birth, life due to birth, etc., due to birth, due to ignorance, ... love is the main and closest cause of suffering. To say the cause of suffering is craving, which means: the cause of suffering is due to the twelve causes of attachment, or the five aggregates of craving. Because according to Dependent Origination, the presence is the twelve causation present, Ai presence (or aggregate aggregates are present, for the aggregate of aggregates) is the five aggregates aggregates present. The noble truth, therefore, can be said to be the twelve causal factors or the five aggregates. Desire is to talk about the yard and si. The yard is just the fruit of desire, and si is the essence of thirst. To say that I like beautiful generals, means to hate bad general, hate or negativity is the expression of the yard. Therefore, we can also say that the Universal Noble Truth is greed, hatred and delusion. The human tendency is to seek and to love the beauty, the good sounds, the sweet scents, the sweet, the smooth touches, and away from the colors, bar, flavor, taste and touch. contradictory. The stronger the craving, the stronger the clinging force, the karma leads to rebirth in this life, the other. The desire of the ceiling is called sex. When the year of change changes to the sorrow, bi, suffering, good, brain. Even when people are holding the beautiful year, the fear of changing the world, causing enough to cause pain and suffering. Even when the craving is present waiting for beautiful years, also cause the oscillation, anxiety, anxiety. That is all meaning: love is the Universal Noble Truth. Being entangled in sex, people are difficult to escape from the sex. Another tendency to live is called survival instinct, the desire to survive. By wanting to survive, fear of rebirth or perishing. Looking at a person who is struggling with death will see the instinct of survival or the desire for survival. This is called loving kindness. There are three objects of spite: sphere, lust, and innumerable. Some people want to be present in the world, reborn in the world. Some people are boring the sensual pleasures of color, bar, incense, taste and exposure; They bore the realm of life and arise the desire of the realm. Some people are boring even appearance, hoping to exist in the world without form, they were born in the realms of the Unknown. The desire to exist is also thirst, is still life, suffering from impermanence and suffering. Consequently, kindness is the universal practice. There are many people who are bored with life and death, the desire not to live longer, no more birth. This is the manifestation of loving kindness. Because they are not alive, then they can nourish their hearts in the place where they are not born, and they still have the desire to live. Here, depending on their karma, the birth of the realm of adaptation after death. The realm of eschatological elimination is Nibbana.Nirvana is to quench the thirst, the clinging. If we kill, if the gas of craving is completely destroyed, Nirvana is present in this world. But if the craving is not complete, then the aspiration of not being sufficient is not enough. The very presence of this desire is a kind of burning fire. No-goodness, therefore, is the cause of suffering, the Noble Truth of Suffering.END=NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.2/11/2018. |
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