KEEP GENDER.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH. Today we talk about the second part of the spiritual path. In the first part we looked at the Three Refuges. Next, Buddhists must keep the precepts. When a person takes refuge in the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha, the man becomes the male assistant ( upāsaka ), the woman becomes the female attendant ( upāsika ). Men and women are those who practice according to the Buddha's teachings, so when a Buddhist, takes refuge or relies on the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha, that person accepts to practice according to the teachings of the Buddha. Buddha. Following the instructions of the Buddha means practicing according to Precepts, Concentration, and Wisdom. These three steps of samadhi must be practiced sequentially and at the same time. This does not mean that you have to wait until you have practiced the Precepts well before taking the next two steps. The first step in spiritual progress, the elimination of defilements, is morality ( sīla .).). Precepts are holy and virtuous acts. Thus, a person who is close to male or close to female is in the true sense of a person who has precepts or has good moral qualities. The Buddha once said how to become a good Male and Female. A good man or a believer who wants to become a good and virtuous Buddhist must keep the precepts clean. The Buddha taught that when a Good Man or Faithful woman does not kill living beings, prevents taking what is not given, prevents wrong conduct, prevents false speech, and prevents drinking alcohol and intoxicants. A good man or a believer who can practice these virtues is someone who has precepts or pure conduct. So, First we need to understand the meaning of the word Gender. Precepts ( sīla ) are defined as virtuous or virtuous acts. Commentary on the definition of Gender ( sīla) is the act of restraining the body, etc. A person is called breaking the precepts when they kill, steal, commit wrongdoing, etc.. about the body, about the speech, it is called a person who does not hold back. The precepts keep actions and words restrained. Precepts are also defined as acceptable grounds. What are the acceptable fundamentals? Acceptable means that they are virtuous actions. When we keep our precepts pure, we keep our minds pure. The precept is an acceptable holy state of mind. When we break the precepts, we lose this good state of mind. Thus sīla is defined as the basic acceptable mental states . What are the functions, duties or tasks of gender or gender, and what results do they bring? The task of precepts is to destroy the absence of virtue, to destroy wrong conduct. A person who keeps good precepts destroys and avoids unethical behavior. The word annihilation here means avoiding, preventing unwholesome, unethical actions from arising. In short, the task of the precepts is to destroy or repel unethical behavior. In other words, the function of the Vinaya is to prevent, restrain, and control body and speech. As long as we keep the Precepts, actions and words can be controlled. Control here means not doing wrong actions and words. An important thing to note here is that precepts can only control and restrain actions and words, but precepts cannot control the mind. Mind is mentioned in the control of body and speech because without mind it cannot be controlled, but the meaning here is that: Precepts can only prevent unwholesome speech and actions, not can prevent the mind. For example, you have the thought of killing someone, but you do not show it by actions or words (words mean that you command others to kill), your precepts are still not broken. Just thinking in the mind, but not acting and speaking, has not broken the precepts. I hope you remember the three levels of defilements, which are the latent afflictions, the surface afflictions (or thought afflictions) and the afflictions that manifest in actions and words. Of these three levels of defilements, the Vinaya can only deal with the third defilement, which is expressed through actions and words. Thus, the Discipline only destroys and avoids defilements at the third level, that is, the Vinaya can only purify body and speech. For the layperson one can keep the five precepts, the eight precepts or the ten precepts. YEARS You have kept the five precepts for many years. A lay Buddhist vows to keep the five precepts for the rest of his life. These five precepts are also known as the Kuru precepts or important moral precepts to be practiced. In India there was a country called Kuru , which was near present-day New Deli . The people of this land keep the five precepts very clean, they practice this precept with respect and seriousness, so it is also called the five essential and respectable precepts. The five precepts are also known as the basic precepts that must be kept regularly. The Five Precepts are also known as the natural precepts because these precepts are a natural law for all sentient beings. According to the Buddhist cosmology, there are four great continents, and the people in North Cau keep the precepts naturally. They don't need to try to keep the five precepts. The five precepts are considered by them to be naturally established precepts. There is a proverb in Burma: " You must keep the five precepts like you keep your skirt ". Those who have attained enlightenment never break the five precepts. Those who have attained Tu Da Hoan, Tu Da Ham, A Na Ham, and Arahants never break the five precepts even in another life. Suppose a person attains Tu Da Hoan in this life and then he dies and is reborn as a human in another life, even though in this new life he does not know that: he is a Tu Da Hoan, this person also fully observe the five precepts. To know if a person is Enlightened or not, let's see if that person has broken any of the five precepts. Enlightened people always keep the five precepts pure. You all know the five precepts and each has many factors in it. For example, the precept of killing has five factors, when these five factors are met, it is called a killing precept. Non-killing precepts: There are five branches of the killing world: Must be a living being. Knowing that sentient being is alive. Attempted to kill. Acts of unintentionally, not intentionally killing sentient beings do not violate the precept to kill. Try to kill. That being was killed due to his efforts. According to the Commentary, killing and stealing have many forms and means. You can kill sentient beings in many ways. The first is that you kill yourself. In Pāḷi it means killing with one's own hand. The second is to order others to kill, meaning you order others to kill. Killing with the tools you hold in your hand means killing with guns, bows and arrows, knives and sticks... Kill with traps, Kill with all kinds of magic, Kill with magic. There are many ways to kill. All ways of killing are included in the precept of killing. When you kill yourself, do you break the precept to kill? To kill oneself is to commit suicide and also to violate the precept of killing. If someone is told to kill and this person has killed, it is a violation of precepts. If you say kill with a knife and they kill with a gun, you are not breaking the precept. If you tell them to kill at one hour and they kill at another time, you are not breaking the precept. Precepts not to take what not to give Constrain, keep, do not take what is not given to the owner of the object. There are five factors or five conditions for breaking the precept of taking and not giving. Something that belongs to someone else. Know that this property belongs to someone else. Want to steal, want to take and intentionally take. This is stealing thought. Try to steal. Got things thanks to that effort. This means moving the object or engaging in similar behaviour. The act of having those five factors is a violation of the precept of theft. It is also considered a violation of this precept to order others to steal. This precept also includes two things like the precept to kill, which is to do it yourself or to order or command others to do it. Precepts not to commit adultery This precept has four limbs or four elements: Prohibited object, which means the person must not violate. That is, the person I am not allowed to have sex with. There is Craving wanting to enjoy that relationship. Try to do. The parts of a man and a woman meet. Whoever violates these four precepts will break the third precept. Gender does not lie This precept has four genera: Unreal thing. Intentionally deceiving, means that you want to misunderstand others, intentionally deceiving them. Try to lie. This effort arises from the mind, and it is this will to lie that causes you to try to lie. People who listen to lies understand and believe what you say. If these four things are met, it is a violation of the precept to lie. When is lying really bad? When adversely affecting the welfare and interests of others. There is a kind of lie called "lie with good will". Sometimes you have to lie to make others feel good or sometimes you lie because you don't want others to feel miserable or insecure. So you're saying things that aren't true. Even though it's a lie, I don't think it's to blame. Sometimes people use exaggerated nouns to emphasize or refer to some figurative meaning. For example, say "Here the mosquito is as big as a hen" or in the case of a monk who returned from a village begging for alms and someone asked him, "There's a mountain of food there." Although those are false statements, it's not that bad. Gender does not drink alcohol The precept of not drinking has four limbs. The thing to drink or eat is an intoxicating substance, such as alcohol or another intoxicating substance. Want to drink. Because of that desire, try to drink. The alcohol or intoxicants have passed through the neck. Actions meeting those four things violate the fifth precept. Thus, we can review our actions with the above factors and factors to see if we have violated the factors that break the precepts. For example, about the fifth precept someone says: After drinking alcohol and then I go to sleep, I have not done anything wrong, so am I breaking the precept? Is this not a great evil? Yes, you drink alcohol, you feel a little bummed, you don't do anything bad, you go to sleep, but you also break the precept. Consider four factors for breaking the precept to drink alcohol. First, it's intoxicating; second, you drank that drunken water; third, you want to drink and try to drink; Fourth, the wine is past your neck. So your behavior meets the four factors to break the precepts. Your behavior isn't all that bad, but you're also breaking the precept to drink. EIGHT WORLDS A lay person can keep eight precepts called the eight precepts ( uposatha ). The eight precepts are usually kept during the eight mandarin days. In Burma, the month is divided into two: “ half a month of light ” and “ half of a month of darkness ”. The Bat Quan Trai ordination day is the full moon day, the 30th day without moon and the eighth day of the bright half of the month, the eighth day of the dark half of the month. Those days are known as the four eight-day eighty days of Burma. (In Vietnam, each month has eight Bat Quan Trai days, which are: the fifth, eighth, fourteenth, full moon, twenty, twenty-three, twenty-nine, and thirty). The first two precepts of the eight precepts are similar to the five precepts. The third of the five precepts is not to commit adultery, the third of the eight precepts is not to commit adultery. The fourth and fifth precepts are the same as the five precepts. The sixth precept is not to eat after noon, that is, not to eat after noon. In the Buddha's time, a monk (of any religion) if he ate out of time, was criticized as not having a holy life. Thus, eating after noon for a hermit, a monk is to eat at the wrong time. The seventh precept is not to watch dancing and singing, to listen to the trumpet, to wear garlands, to apply perfume, etc. For a monk or a person who keeps the eight precepts, watching a performance, dancing, or singing is unwholesome. . The scriptures explain it like spears, spears. Wearing garlands here does not mean just wearing jewelry, applying perfume, makeup, even wearing fresh flower garlands is not okay. The eighth precept is not to sit on a high and beautiful bed. Bed height here is not more than six feet. A beautiful bed is meant to be very luxurious, intended for those who enjoy sensual pleasures. The eight precepts are only kept on a few days of the month, but are not required to be kept for a lifetime like the five precepts. The reason is that because lay people and people living the worldly life have families, they cannot always keep the eight precepts. They only keep on set days in the month called father slap day or eight mandarin days only. For lay people, keeping the five precepts is considered as keeping the precepts of purity. This is a person to be commended, but if he keeps the eight precepts, even better. When you keep the eight precepts you will do less evil, which is more reprehensible because even when you eat, akusala is included. Unwholesome actions are defined as actions arising from greed, hatred, and delusion. Usually people eat with lust. When you sing, dance, watch or listen to dance, when you wear make-up, jewelry, or perfume, there is also unwholesome action in it. When you abstain from the above things also help you to reduce unwholesome behavior. When you keep the eight precepts, you have a lot of time to meditate, especially in courses. Therefore, it is better to keep the eight precepts than to keep the five. Eight Quan Trai Chanh Mang There is another type of eight precepts that are interspersed with the eight precepts. The eight mandarins only keep a certain number of days. The rest of the days Buddhists have to go to work, so they need to eat dinner. Among the eight precepts that include the precept of not eating past noon, people have abandoned the precept of not eating past noon and replaced it with the precept of right livelihood and they call these eight precepts of right livelihood . Those who keep the eight precepts of right livelihood still keep the seven precepts above, but the precepts of eating wrong are now replaced by the precepts of right livelihood. There are many places where people replace the precept of having a good meal with the precept of compassion. When observing the precepts they read more "I vow to keep compassion in action, I vow to keep compassion in speech, I vow to keep compassion in secret thoughts". Those who keep the five precepts should also keep these vows. These precepts are mentioned in the Commentary, but the Commentary does not say how to observe the eight right livelihood precepts. In Burma, monks in the past used a ritual similar to that of taking the five precepts and the eight precepts for the eight precepts of right livelihood. There are also some monks who give good faith to uphold the eight precepts of right livelihood in other ways. As we know the five precepts include not killing, not stealing, not engaging in sexual misconduct, not lying, not drinking alcohol, but the fourth precept is not to lie, three more things are not double-tongued, or abusive. provoking divisiveness, not saying bad words (cursing, scolding), not saying useless words. The eighth precept is to keep right livelihood. That is, the first four precepts are the same as the first four of the five precepts, the fifth precept is not to speak with two tongues, causing division and hatred, the sixth precept is not to speak evil words, the seventh precept is not to speak in vain, To make it easier for you to remember the eight precepts of right livelihood, you should remember that: unwholesome bodily actions have three, unwholesome verbal actions have four, for a total of seven, one more right livelihood precept is eight. The Nine Guans of Men Also a precept again called veterans son (ninth in the world more gender bowl of clams) that is eight precepts plus world-kindness to all beings . This precept is also known as the nine-factor precept, which has nine elements. The eight precepts are the ordinary eight precepts of the eight precepts, the ninth is the precept of living with loving-kindness towards all sentient beings, that is, keeping the eight precepts and practicing loving-kindness meditation towards all sentient beings. Actually, loving-kindness is not a gender. Loving-kindness belongs to the development of mind or meditation. However, on the days of the eight precepts, to decorate or beautify their eight precepts, they add loving-kindness or add a precept for the eight precepts. That's why it's called the nine mandarins. When you take this ninth precept you should be careful because you have vowed to keep your mind full of love for all sentient beings. This means that you must always keep loving-kindness or have to practice loving-kindness meditation throughout the period of keeping this precept. If you get angry during these nine precepts, you lose a limb. Therefore, there is much debate surrounding the question of whether to keep the nine precepts or not. This ninth precept is mentioned in the Pāḷi canon ( Aṅguttara Nikāya).) so we should keep. There are many people who are afraid to keep the ninth precept, so instead of saying "I keep loving-kindness towards all sentient beings", they say: "I vow to keep loving-kindness towards all sentient beings as much as possible". The final group of precepts that lay people can keep is the ten precepts, but the ten precepts are very few people keep because it is very difficult for lay people in daily life to keep the precept of not keeping money, but some lay people can still keep it. this world. When keeping the ten precepts, the seventh of the eight precepts is divided into two: singing and dancing, playing the trumpet, watching dance and singing, listening to the trumpet is the seventh precept; Make-up, put on perfumes, and wear wreaths become the eighth precept. The precept of not sitting in a place too high and beautiful becomes the ninth precept. And the last precept, the tenth, is not to keep money, gold, silver, etc. As I said, lay people can keep the ten precepts, but very few people keep them. TEN WORLDS The ten precepts are kept by novices and novices. Although novices and novices observe the ten precepts, they also keep other precepts. When writing, people often write that novices and novices keep ten precepts, but actually they have to keep 95 precepts or rules. In addition to these ten precepts they must keep 10 more precepts and keep 75 more precepts in common with the bhikkhus. Thus, novices and novices keep ninety-five precepts, not ten. You need to understand this. Sometimes when writing precepts for monks, it is also written that bhikkhus keep ten precepts, but bhikkhus keep 227 precepts. The ten precepts people talk about may fall within these 227 , but you don't say that monks keep the ten precepts. I hope that's true. I hope that: Bhikkhus only keep ten precepts instead of 227 precepts (His Holiness laughs). Now we come to a very important point about the precepts. That is, we cannot change or modify the precepts because the precepts were taught by the Buddha. If the Buddha were still alive today, we could argue with him about the precepts, but now that the Buddha is gone, we cannot change or modify the precepts, or we have no authority to do so. change the law. This is very important and serious. Either you keep the precepts taught by the Buddha, or you break or not keep them, that's your right, but you can't change or change the precepts. I think this is a very serious and important matter. Because today there are people who want to change and transform the precepts. They justify their actions by reasoning that: The precepts were established by the Buddha more than 2500 years ago, so now they are outdated, we have to change or transform like this, that etc... Now many people talk about the fifth precept that: drinking alcohol does not violate the precept; They say: "Drinking wine may be acceptable to the Buddha, avoiding drinking is a violation of the precepts...", but nowhere in the scriptures nor in the Commentaries are there any such things. If you drink alcohol and when it passes through your neck, you break the precept. Whether you drink alcohol for the sake of health or you drink because you want to drink, when you drink alcohol and the wine passes through your neck, you have broken the precept. So for the drinking world, we don't need to argue with anyone because even if we argue, we can't change or change them. If they don't want to, don't keep this precept. When I went to Canada, I met a Burmese woman who said that she could only keep the precept of not killing as much or as much. I told her, " No, that means you don't keep the precepts. When she said that sentence, she was ready to break the precept. Whoever can't keep it, that person breaks the precepts. The precepts cannot be kept like that. Keeping the precepts is one thing, keeping as long as it is is another. Her statement proves that her decisive mind is very weak. Her spirit is very weak. I think: when taking precepts but also adding the sentence 'how much or how much' is not taking precepts ". What is Right Livelihood? Now let's talk about the main issue . Buddhists must live by right livelihood, which means they must abstain from wrong livelihood. The Buddha taught in the Anguttara Nikaya: there are five occupations that Buddhists should avoid. It is the arms trade, the living beings trade, the meat trade, the alcohol trade, the poison trade. Living off the arms trade means making weapons and selling weapons. That's what's explained in the Commentary, but in the Addendum it adds: is selling weapons after you've made them yourself (you make weapons and sell them) or weapons have been made by someone else (you may tell someone else to make them). someone else makes it and then sells it) or you don't tell other people to do it but you buy weapons other people have made and sell them, that's also called arms trade. Trafficking in beings here refers to the trafficking of people into slavery. The meat trade means raising animals and then selling them. The Sub-Commentary further adds, selling meat here means that after raising them and then selling or selling ready-made meat. The sale of meat is prohibited because it is included in the killing section. Selling wine means making wine and selling it, or buying ready-made wine or having someone make it for you to sell. Selling poison means making poison and selling it. The sale of poisons also includes the elements specified in the Addendum. In short, when doing the above five occupations, it is called non-right livelihood, so we need to avoid it. Thus, when a person takes refuge in the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha, it always involves keeping the five precepts, and he or she can keep the eight and ten more precepts. Taking refuge in the Three Jewels also implies keeping right livelihood, not doing wrong livelihoods. Keeping the precepts pure is the first step in the journey of spiritual progress. Because this is the first step, the basis, or the solid foundation on which we can build a house of concentration and wisdom. If the precepts are not pure means the foundation is not strong, then we cannot expect to have good concentration. Without concentration, wisdom or penetration into the nature of things cannot arise. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the precepts pure, especially when you meditate. When meditating wants to achieve concentration, but the precepts are not pure, there cannot be concentration. Because when you don't keep the precepts clean, your mind will be restless and suffer because of repentance. When repentance reigns over you, the mind cannot be calm and still. When there is no peace and calm, the mind is not stable, the mind is not stable and comfortable, there can be no concentration. Keeping the precepts pure or having good virtue is an essential element for everyone, especially those who practice according to the teachings of the Buddha, those who want to reach the state, to all levels. defilements are destroyed.END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).BUDDHIST DHARMA WHEEL GOLDEN MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.1/10/2021.