Examination of the Declaration of Birth through the Nikāna Canon.

The Buddha is not a politician in the classic sense, nor is he a revolutionary who understands the style of the word today. And therefore, the declaration according to the definitions of the modern dictionaries ⁽¹⁾  can not fully express the Buddha's teachings, as they will cease to exist within the limits of the transposition language. 
In the distinction of language, the manifesto understood here is a statement, a statement, an assertion, or a claim of a certain value. The Declaration is considered the first in the life of the Buddha, the word of his birth.

Classical basis

It is easy to see, there are many sutras on this event, spread on both the Nikaya class system and the Mahayana Buddhist scriptures. That shows that this is a very important issue. Within the framework of a preliminary survey, we temporarily investigated the Nikaya system.

1  Khuddaka Nikàya

a) Sutta Nipata,  Chapter 3, Great Product, Nalaka Sutta, verse 683-684 ⁽²⁾ :

The story of hermit Asita (Asiatra) guess the Prime Minister for Prince. Asita saw the gods gladly asked the reason. The gods replied:

"In Lam Ti Ni

In the village of the Shakyas,

There is a Bodhisattva

Great win, irrational.

He was born, brought peace

Happiness for humanity,

So we are happy

The mind is very happy.

He is the ultimate being

You, the human race,

Nine people of the human race

Upper all kinds of birth.

He will turn the Falun Dafa,

In the hermit forest,

Ringing the lion,

The strong, the animals.

And the next verse is about a hair-hiding hermit named Kachir:

690. After picking up

Sons of the Thich family,

Seek to learn,

Out of suffering, thanks to generals, uncle,

The mind is happy,

The words are as follows:

This level,

"Supreme of the two legs."

b) The Jataka, section Nidana Katha:

When the Bodhisattva stepped out of his hands, he stood upright on the ground, looking eastward in front of him with thousands of worlds spread. The spirits and humanity offer him perfume, corolla ... and said:

- Sir, there is no one like him and certainly no one more than you!

When he looked at the four main directions in the north-west and north-west and the four in the middle in heaven and on earth, he saw no one with him, and he proclaimed:

- This is the North.

Then he walked seven steps, the great angel followed the white robe covering his head, Suyama god holding the fan and many other gods carry the royal emblem. At the seventh step, he stopped, roared like a lion, a noble roar began:

- I am the supreme deity of the whole world  (3).

2-  Digha Nikaya

14.  Mahàpadàna sutta ⁽⁴⁾ :

This is a sermon given by the Buddha in Sàvatthi (Jade) Forest of Jeta (Jade Buddha), Garden of Anàthapindika (Grade A), in the Kareri tree (Hoa Lam) his past and his life. Born so, so directed so preach and so liberate. The following describes the birth of the past Buddha Vipassi.

26. O bhikkhus, the atheism is so. When the Bodhisattva from the womb born, the Bodhisattva does not touch the ground. There were four angels who took him up, laid him before the mother and said, "Queen, please, queen, a great man." Atrium is so.

***

29. Behold, the rate of attributes is so. When he was born, he stood firmly, balancing on his legs, facing north, stepping seven steps, one white cloak covered. He looked in all directions, loudly like the king, saying: "I am the supreme in the world, I am the supreme in the world, I am the highest in the world. The last life, no longer reborn in this life anymore. Atrium is so.

The  Majjhima Nikaya

23.  Acchariya-abbhùtadhamma sutta ⁽⁵⁾ :

Lord Buddha, you face to face, remembered from the Buddha: "When the Bodhisattva from the womb born, this Ananda, bodhisattva not touch the ground. There are four Heavenly support him, put him before her Mother and said: "Queen, please joy! The birth of a great person. "Because that, White Light, this life preserving life, White World, is a rare, a proprietor of the Exalted.

***

Lord Buddha, I take a look at your face, remembering from the Buddha: "Bodhisattva when born, this Ananda, he stood up, balancing on two legs, face north, seven steps, one The white veil is covered, and he looks in every direction, and speaks as he speaks: "I am the highest in the world! I am the supreme being! I am the highest in the world! This is the last life, no longer must be born again in this life. "Because that, White Light, this life preserving life, White World, a rare, a peran of the World.

Some comments on documentation

Three months after the Blessed One entered Nirvana, the first attempt was made to preserve the teachings of the Buddha. Over the course of many scriptures, scriptures are kept in the form of memorization and word of mouth. The scriptures are spoken at least 400 years after the Buddha's passing away and is based on the mind of the  disciple (Bhanaka).  In the history of Buddhism, it was not until the end of the first century BC that the scriptures were recorded in writing, in the fourth conception.

Commenting on statement in  Beijing set  (Sutta Nipata):

This is quite accurate material, closest to the history of the Buddha, confirmed and confirmed by the Most Venerable Thich Minh Chau in the introduction of Sutta Nipata:

"First and foremost, Suttanipatta is written in the oldest and oldest Pali form, comparable to the forms we often find in the Nikkei, the Majjhima Nikaya, the Samyutta Nikaya. Anguttara Nikaya (Many Chapters). Many literatures near the Vedas are found in this volume, but are not found in other volumes, such as nouns and verbs. many, many, many: sitàse, upatthitàse, caramàse.Many forms of pluralism and using the singular of some nouns such as vinicchay for vinicchayàni, lakkhanā for lakkhanāni, mantā for  mantayas . Vedas such as vippahátane, sampayātave, unnametave are rarely found in other suttas. c datthu  stead disva, atisitva stead atikkamiva, maga how to  MIGA ,  tummo  stead  than  etc .. The word is very close to the Vedic language not found in the other sutras. Thus, it is evident that Suttanipatta was written in the earliest times of the Pali language, which was not elaborately polished, more polygons like the later Pali language. The ancient value of the Pali language in this volume evaluates the primordial nature of the Suttanipatana. "

It can be said that, in the Nikāyas mentioned above, purity, closeness with reality, and less trace of the myths found in  the  Sutta Nipata are quite clear. In the above dialogue in the  scriptures , verses 683-684 and 690, the dispensation manifests itself in many places, and this is the saying of the gods:

"He is the supreme being, the great man, the great man, the great man, the all-born."

And when the  Asita saw His Prime Minister, he uttered the following statement: This Supreme, "Supreme two legs".  In the remaining paragraphs of  the Nalaka Sutta , in Chapter Three, the Great Arts, the Sutra, there is no trace of Crown Prince  himself  speaking or  standing up himself . In the book "The Historical Buddha," Mr. HW Schumann also bases this sutra on the details of Prince Siddhartha's birth  ⁽⁶⁾ . And so, optimality, victory is revealed through the appearance and appearance of the Prince's birth, confirmed by the body, by others. This is an important note. 

Comment on the Nidanakatha Declaration:

Next, in Nidanakatha, the dissolution continues:  the gods and humans offer him perfume, corolla ... and say:

- Sir, there is no one like him and certainly no one more than you!

Here, confession is also expressed as  the object ,  the assertion from the object . However, the text does not stop there:  Then he walked seven steps, the great Angels under the white robe covering his head, Suyama god holding fan and many other gods carry the royal emblem. At the seventh step, he stopped, roared like a lion, a noble roar began:

- I am the greatest of all the world.

It is easy to see the majestic, dignified when he took the first steps as well as express a strong self-assertion. In this text, both affirmative and affirmative signs are manifested.

Here, in terms of text study, "The scholars of South Asia and Europe will see text  Origination Argument (Nidannakatha), owner episode commentaries of bibles birth or something  Forerunner  (Jataka), Volume 1, of the Pali Canon, is an exemplary biography. The story of this origin (Nidanakatha) begins with the descriptions of the previous Buddhas, and outlines the main events from his birth: This is the end of his acceptance of the Jetavana offering, although this is one of the most complete documents on the German life. Buddha, his credible historical character is skeptical, which should be discussed in view of the fact that it  is composed of nearly one person. Five years after the time of the Buddhat and is usually attributed to Budhaghosa in the fifth century " ⁽⁷⁾ .

Comment on the manifesto in the Ministry and the Central:

Both  the Ministry  and the  Central Committee are  similar in their declarations and claims. Both scriptures have claimed and claimed the gods:  "Queen born a great man . " Then, both texts are united in view: "He looked in all directions, loudly like the king, said the words:  " I am the supreme in the world! I am the supreme in the world. I am the highest in the world. This is the last life, no longer reborn in this life anymore . " This can be considered the first manifestation in the life of the Buddha.

Some initial insights and practical implications of the manifesto

Reading early Indian history can be seen, cultural cauldron, praise, praise is expressed quite bold. The form of caressing canopy is most expressed in Indian literature such as the Vedas, Mahabharata epics as well as many other histories. Of course, professing the Blessed One when he was born is also something that can happen in the cultural space of this country. It is easy to see, with the distinctive signs of a newly born son, the generals of the time, with their own abilities, came to the common conclusion:  He is an ultimate champion. .  This is something that can be seen most clearly in the  Business Class , the first part of the quote  Nidanakatha,  School of Ministry  and  Central. The contentious claim is similar to this, which can be found in many scriptures. Here, the general statement mentioned above may be considered a nonverbal statement  ,  a statement  not made by him, but because of the signs from his early birthplace .

Next, both classical and even Brahmin traditions assert that the birth of the Buddha is very specific. There are signs that indicate the appearance of a great personality. This is often seen in the history of great men. Based on the excavations of archeology in Tilaura Kot and neighboring areas of Nepal, a footprint of the stone was discovered, which was considered to be the footprint of the Prince when he was born. The authenticity of this detail is unknown, but we have clearly seen that the footprint is now carefully preserved in the Lumbini shrine in Nepal. So, there will be nothing strange when the canonical description of the birth, the Prince has gone seven steps and said:I am the supreme in the world! I am the supreme in the world. I am the highest in the world . " Perhaps this is the first manifestation of the Buddha, which is accepted by both the Theravada and the Mahayana Traditions, differing only in a few words due to the translation or expression of the script. .

Answering the question of why this statement, can partially penetrate the meaning of the birth symbol. In view of  Fo Guang University Dictionaries , amid many religions in India at that time, with 96 sects, the Declaration of the Buddha's assertion a refuge solid, a dark road win, to lead beings from the delusion, suffering. "Because in India at the time there were 96 non-virtues, called themselves holy, is the teacher and man, because of wanting to make evil about the Buddha should show the seven generations, raised his hands to heaven, said :  "only an independent ego"  to denote the three worlds only Buddha is precious, will save all the sky, the living dead end suffering, making the beings are happily " ⁽⁸⁾. According to the middle way, the explanation of such statements is not really satisfactory and inappropriate in both traditions.

In Hajime Nakamura's view, "it is possible to analyze the way of thinking behind this statement in three stages:

1. All beings are equal

2. Anyone who realizes that all beings are equal is worthy of respect.

Only the Buddha taught that all beings are equal, so he deserves reverence.

The creed of the later generations emphasizes the supernatural nature of the Buddha. So many people find it inconceivable to say that the only Buddha among all human beings is revered, but this change must be seen as a step backwards in the philosophical sense. Anyway, the word symbol, the fairy is to say  , "I - it's primitive ego of every man - is honorable " ⁽⁹⁾ .

To some extent, on the first level, the birth statement of the Prince, whether spoken by the Prince or the Prince, says one thing: The Buddha is the most glorious and deserving of respect. in the realms. Here, whether self-professed or other people proclaimed, one must clearly see that the Buddha was immobile in front of every compliment and this is the ultimate personality of the Buddha. In life, do not think of yourself, over or lose people ⁽¹⁰⁾ .

On the second level, when the subject in the manifesto is translated as ta, is unique, it is necessary to understand the independent role, the autonomy of each individual is affirmed and promoted. Throughout the classics, the Buddha made clear and emphasized the autonomy of the individual. Man can decide his own destiny. Humble si low, intelligent or dark, binding or liberation ... are determined by themselves. This view is like a thunderous mid-air, tearing into the darkness of the divine power that envelops and dominates the ancient Indian society. Abnormal not because of birth, Pham Chi not because of birth, Do on, by means of, by Do, Pham Chi  ⁽¹¹⁾ .

Survey of the manifesto of the Buddha to see the value of the victory of a new way of living and the mind of man at that time witnessed a rare event so far: Date of birth of the German word Side. END=NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.24/5/2018.