High school Buddhism: Course 5 - Lesson 9, The Buddhist universe

Universal Buddhist Studies

SRAMANA. Thich Thien Hoa

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Fifth Course

History of Buddhism Spread,
10 Sects and the Universe Nhon Sanh.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.

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Lesson 9

Cosmic Quan Buddhism.

A.- Open Topic:

One of humanity's most difficult questions:

"Where did the universe come from"?

Since ancient times, this question has caused many minds to be extremely confused, confused, and sometimes hysterical. How much ink has flowed, how much paper has been piled up, how many bubbles have dried up to explain the problem. But in the end, humankind has yet to be satisfied.

On the side of the philosophers, one gave the universe created by water, another given by air, one given by heat, one given by the four elements ...

On the religious side, most believe that the universe was created by a Creator. That host depends on the religions that have different names: either Brahma, or Jade Emperor, or God, or Jéhovah ... so this question, how did Buddha answer it?

B. -Attention:

I.- Prerequisite

Buddhism, unlike other religions, does not believe there is a Host. For Buddhism, the universal universe is born, not by a single person, or a magic outside it at all, but only due to the autistic causal success. The fruit is now due to the individual who is in the front, the causes in the previous are due to the fruits in the front; just like that, going backwards up and down, this and that, never the same. Thus, for Buddhism; the universe is beginningless (there is no original). If there was nothingness, how could there be the first predestined relationship?

The reason believers must have a beginning is because with their limited remarks, everything has a beginning. For example: a table, before it was closed, there was no carpenter; or a chicken, born by its mother ... relatively speaking, the table or chicken has a birth; but if we do not cut time and space apart like that, then we see that in front of the table is not nothing but wood, before wood is trees, before trees is seeds ... Children the chicken is like that, before the chicken, there is a mother chicken; before the mother chicken is the mother, then it is a child, born of another mother chicken ...

The second reason for believing people to have a beginning of the universe is the wrong idea of ​​the "yes and no" concept with the shallow and narrow eye when we see a plantation. then called no; when you see an object with color; shape, weight ... so called yes. And also due to the narrow, shallow observation, we often have the notion that "nothing" precedes "what is". For example: a piece of land, everyday we pass by it, realize that there are no houses on it, we call it vacant land. After walking for a period of 6 months, we don't come across that anymore. Now that we have to go back and forth, we see a huge building taken up, we tell the land is empty. Before is not there is now. We exaggerate that thought and say: "nothing" precedes "yes", or "yes" always comes after "nothing".

But we have deduced wrongly, and that mistake starts with that wrong conception of "yes" and "no".

First, we forget that the other is not empty, there is absolutely nothing, but vacancy here means no home. And the "yes" later on is home, not completely there, because one day it will also disintegrate, and become void.

The "yes" and "no" here are "yes", "no" relatively. "Yes" is something, "no" is also something. In absolute terms, there has never been one in the universe that was not completely at all. Just like the presence that we often see around us is not completely, permanently. "Yes, no" are relative, that is, based on each other. Either in one place or the other, or fill up in time before and after, or not before and after. At that time, taking each of the dharma separately to consider, we see that the sequence has a wall, a pillar, a base, no space, but the whole moment also has a wall, a tower, a wall, there is no place.

Thus, to conclude: it is not true that wealth does not appear first. "No and yes" were once. And therefore, there cannot be the first cause of what is.

In the world phenomenon we see there is birth and death, maybe, we consider impermanence. But if you consider the whole universe, standing true in the world, then there is no birth and death but all beings are permanent.

As mentioned above, there is no first cause. And therefore, we will put the problem wrong, if we ask: "what is the first cause"? and we go further and further in the error, when asked, "Who created the universe of eternity" ?.

This question must be asked: "What is the reality of yes and no relative (ie the universe of the universe)? or the reality of the universe like? ".

That is the first question, aimed at understanding the truth, the nature, the truth, or speaking according to the philosophical term, aiming to understand the reality of the universal universe.

The second question is: "Taking the vow from the real world, what did the universal universe have formed and transformed by what cause and how?".

These are the two main questions, after which we can add additional questions such as: "Is the universe wide or narrow, the same or not?" ...

Answering the first question of Buddhism Is it true? answer the second question; Buddhism has a predestined relationship; answer the third question: Buddha taught: The universe or the world is infinite infinity.

Below, we present the above issues.

II.-  Really General Luan

The general theory is the theory that explains the reality of the universe. The real or true form of the universe, Buddhism is often called feet as. Chon as meaning true, not false. As always, no change, no birth, no more loss, no beginningless nothingness. So chon as an entity does not change, not being eradicated, no longer takes, nothingness is common, lucid, has all the wonderful uses of virtue.

To refer to as many Buddhist feet, depending on each case, also called by such nouns: Chon Chon, Vien Giac, Thang Nghia, Buddha Tanh, Giac Tanh, Dharma Tanh, Nhu as, Nhut as ...

Actually, it is difficult to tell all the nouns for Chon. But even with all the stories, it is just a noun, but can not recognize Chon as, only the enlightened enlightenment can enter, or enter the evidence.

Language and writing can only describe gender phenomena; When it comes to presenting, it becomes powerless. And the more they cling, the more like the one necessarily the text, the more the language goes as far as the truth, the foot. A French philosopher, Mr. Bergson, was right to say that language and name have mutilated (reality) Life into fragmentation. Indeed, every name, every word has a scope, a certain content of it. The flow of one that has a limit to measure, examines an infinite quantity, goes beyond space and time, then it must be false.

So the most right attitude, to perceive the truth as being silent, away from the written language and language. That is the attitude that Buddha applied for the first time after witnessing under the Bodhi tree.

But if you do not say anything, then after saving sentient beings, how to bring humanity to the edge. Finally the Buddha had to say. But when it comes to what is most difficult to say is "Present" or "Chon-like", Buddha cannot use a way as usual. Therefore, as we see in the Buddhist scriptures, there are new ways of speaking that are very ridiculous and ridiculous, such as: yes, no, no, no, no copper, no other, also different, not one, not much, not sticky, not clean, and so on and so forth.

But, even though he said so, the Buddha was still afraid that people would accept those words to be true, so he fenced even more: "Truth is like the moon, our teachings are like fingers." show the moon to you guys. Don't mistake my finger for the moon. ” Or: "Things we know are leaves in the forest, and what we say is like holding leaves in our hands." Or: "According to the canonical interpretation, it is unjust for the three Buddhas, but leaving the word for a word is synonymous with the theory." Or: "Lifetime, Tathagata has not said a word".

In short, the purpose of the truth is to let us realize that reality, or Chon, as if unable to use written language, could see it; On the contrary, you have to abandon all famous generals. But in order to have a crude notion of Truthfulness, tell yourself, "Truth is like something contrary to the phenomenon of gender". Or: "The gender phenomenon is the opposite of Chon as".

But, when it comes to the two words "left side" do not think that there is a "surface" like how many surfaces we often see in the gender phenomenon.

III.-  Duyen Luan Luan

Dependent origination means theories about the cause or cause of arising of the gender phenomenon.

Pratyekabuddha has made many doctrines in Buddha; These theories are not contradictory, but only in terms of depth, ultimately or not. So let us sequentially go from shallow to deep:

1.- Karmic affinity for karmic origin: Karma for karmic affinity is the policy of Theravada Buddhist monk. This theory draws from the "Four Noble Truths" and "The Twelve Causes and conditions". As we have learned about the "Four Noble Truths," Buddha teaches the cause of suffering, of samsaric existence as "or karma." Or that is delusion; have wrong actions, because wrong actions should bear the results of suffering ... and the cycle of cause and effect of samsara goes on and on, creating the righteous mind which is our body and the news that means painting the great ocean. Son Ha Dai reason there is a way relative to our body only. When the karma changes, then the karma will also change and so the Chief Justice and the retribution also follow. When people create career as a human, the next life reincarnated, the Chief Justice is still the human being and the medicine is still painted, great as people have noticed. But if you create evil karma, then the Chief Justice in the next life will be the animal or hungry ghost, and the y leopard, that is, the realm in the surroundings is no longer the same as the human realm, that is, the universe and the ten thousand will change according to the eyes and the understanding of these species. Therefore it is called "karma feel", which is due to karma like that, feeling that body and the scene like that. In general, due to the karma that has body (Chief Justice) and the world (medicine). Chief Justice and the newspaper may be this or that, good or bad, is due to good or evil. But anyway, as long as there is karma there is a world phenomenon. End except karma is returned to the Truth as, is enter Nirvana. means by the karma like that, feeling the body and the scene like that. In general, due to the karma that has body (Chief Justice) and the world (medicine). Chief Justice and the newspaper may be this or that, good or bad, is due to good or evil. But anyway, as long as there is karma there is a world phenomenon. End except karma is returned to the Truth as, is enter Nirvana. means by the karma like that, feeling the body and the scene like that. In general, due to the karma that has body (Chief Justice) and the world (medicine). Chief Justice and the newspaper may be this or that, good or bad, is due to good or evil. But anyway, as long as there is karma there is a world phenomenon. End except karma is returned to the Truth as, is enter Nirvana.

2.- A predestined again: This theory belongs to Mahayana Mahayana, going deeper than the theory on one floor. In the theory of karmic affinity, there are only six kinds of consciousness, namely, eye, eye, eye, body, mind. After death, the five aggregates disintegrated, leading karma to reincarnate. But leading what? Continent or consciousness birth and death impermanence, changes always, then even though the karma, but take what preserves the karma, causing it to move endlessly?

Mahayana Mahayana teachings, in addition to the above theory, are found on two consciousnesses: the Noble Truth or the Awakening, and the Noble Eightfold Awakening.

Means na means taking hold of seeing place, that is, claiming to have a self, and preserving that self. But do after keeping the self that falls, while the five aggregates, the six consciousness are eradicated impermanence forever? So under the na na formal, all must have an unusual formula in, bosses contain all the seed of the new law.

That is the eighth consciousness, or A again, or organ consciousness (consciousness consciousness). This consciousness is not impermanent as the five aggregates, but is constant and permanent. It has two functions: one is to capture all things, two is to produce all things. When we create good karma or bad karma, the seeds are brought into the consciousness, until there are enough conditions, the seeds will be found out.

Because Abalak's consciousness included all the seeds of the dharma, it discovered all the infinite power of the ten thousand walls. When our physical body has arisen, it includes the objective object (ie everything). The objective of the wrong world is that it is due to the awareness of the subjective gender.

In summary, A again awakened is the basis of gender phenomena. From beginningless, A final consciousness has included the seed race. Gender phenomenon due to this strain that discovered. The detected phenomenon stimulates a new affinity, leading to its effect. Thus, the same species, phenomenon, cause and effect forever, which makes the manifestation of thousands of beings, and the foundation of the past lives of samsara.

But, if A is again aware of the cause and effect of reincarnation, then A again is still the cause of liberation, because in A again, there is both a contraband and illicit strain. The illegitimate race is the seeds that give birth to wrong sentiments, that is, the gender phenomenon; while the seed is smuggled, for the foreign world knows there is delusion, so it is not enough for the mind to accumulate, so it can lead to liberation.

3.- Truthfulness as dependent origination: This theory is of Mahayana Buddhism. According to the Mahayana General teachings, the legs as dependent on the birth of all Dharma; or necessarily idealistic creation. The mind is all-encompassing and has two aspects: on the dynamic side, the mind is one of the Truth like.

But why, is there a mind with two contrasting aspects like that? Aroused by ignorance. Legs are inherently permanent, unmoving, but because ignorance is the condition, causing it to be animated, making a false mess. Ignorance is not a real thing, it is based on the mind. It is a memory, for nen in business often say: "suddenly start concept, called ignorance". Because of that expectation, we see that there is subjectivity, objectivity, self-ego, non-self, cosmic, universal.

But everything is not outside the mind that exists. As though the ignorance of ignorance is manipulated, but in the cave there is tranquility, in the net there is movement, as is the water and waves in the sea: Standing on the surface of the water to look at, all waves are water: standing on from the wave view, all water is waves. The mind of the sea, the legs like the water, and thousands of objects for example. Beings, because ignorance obscures should only see ten thousand objects; Bodhisattva and Buddha because ignorance should see that all ten thousand objects are legs like: Pure is like, Dong is ten thousand statues. Dong and Tinh are not separate, are not the same, but they are not different. Those are the two aspects of mind. To refer to these two aspects, there is often a saying in the sutta: "It depends on conditions, not change." Depending predestined net, born of holy four, Depending charm born of continental infection. From the net to become the cave is to enter the door of birth and death, and that is also the cause of the development of the universe of the universe. The verb from returning to the net is going to the door like, and that is also the cause of liberation.

4.- The Continental of Pratyekabuddha: The Continental of Pratyekabuddha is the policy of Tantric or Chon language. The six continents are: earth, water, fire, wind, air (ie space) and consciousness. The previous year belonged to rupa (that is, the object), the sixth rabid belonged to the mind of mind (ie the mind). These six elements are each used to prevent each other, and depending on the grace of birth, the universe of eternity.

Dividing things and the mind is how our intellect distinguishes, but the essence of reality is still one, still indivisible. The thing is form, the mind is the active force. Force is not disengaged. Off the image, the force does not exist. And pictures without force cannot be detected. Matter and mind are the two aspects of essence as.

We have strings are combined by the Mainland. Continent dissolution, we no longer. Losing is just a change of the Continental. Mainland combined and dissociated into a working universe. From a general perspective, the universe is an ongoing activity of the Continental Continent.

Truth is like the entity of the six continents, which our nature is abstract. It is impossible to leave the phenomenon.

Saints, mortals are different, good and evil are different in knowing or not distinguishing their legs as from the phenomenon.

5.- France-charming interdependent origination: French interdependent interdependence is the policy of the Great Enemy (Catholic-religious). This theory has that the Dharma-world (ie the universal universe) is a great interdependent condition, that is, the legal entities that make people, make each other dependent, rely on, contrast, and communicate with each other.

The active capacity of the law of dependent origination does not belong to the "karma" of sentient beings, not to the "form" of Abhidharma-borne rebirth, nor to the "reason of equality". real immortal being of leg as, which is due to all things, this law is used with the other law, the other is used with this law, together as charm, each class is not the same, so called " endless interdependent origination "or" coinciding with interdependent origination ".

Thus, the universal universe is a great activity of phenomena, from beginningless to infinite, continuous and spreading endlessly, like waves. Because of activity, there will be birth and death changes, that is, there are no thousands of statues or universes.

The reason for the legal entity to do the coast, harmony, tolerance of each other is due to the ten miraculous characteristics that the Great Teacher spokesman called "the ten sage subjects". again due to these ten "mystical subjects", which in the world-law, Su, (only for the general difference), Li (only for the reason of equality) Li-Su and the-Events are informed without hesitation (see again four "legal-world" and ten "mysticism" in the talk about United States.

In the predestination of Buddhism, we see there are five theories. Such are: karmic-karmic-dependent origination, A-back-skin-dependent origination, such as predestined interdependent origination, Luc-great predestined interdependent origination, and condition of dependent origination. Some people are surprised to ask: why is it all taught by Buddha, and yet so inconsistent? Sometimes, the Buddha taught sentient beings and the world caused by karma, sometimes taught by A-back-da, sometimes by feet-as, sometimes by Luc-Dai, sometimes coincidental coincidence, so Which theory is correct?

-The difference is because the basis of beings is not in sync, must lead gradually from low to high, new beings understand.

For Hinayana goods, the Buddha said: "karma", because Hinayana goods have not received the organs, yet we have reached the Mahayana Mahayana this time because they have turned towards Mahayana. unclear as the predestined coast as the legal birth, so the Buddha is only talking about "A-back-da wake". Come Ðại-Ðà-Ðà Ðà teacher because this behavior has not received the "Coincidence of coincidence", so the Buddha said "Chon as dependent on the conditions of birth". By the Great Teacher-Teacher, the Bodhisattva base has matured, so the Buddha said "Green" and "Coincidence of coincidence".

The difference here is just a difference in rank, not a difference in content; differences in the field of view and narrow eyesight, not the difference in nature.

Looking superficially and narrowly, there is only karma; but look a little deeper and a little wider to see: under the karma, is A-back-da wake. Looking deeper and wider, then see under A-re-da awake is Foot-like.

Because the truth-like coast that born phenomenon. Previously told that there was A-back-da wake up a phenomenon. Here, the Chon-as dependent on grace that phenomena arise.

When the truth is discovered, if we study it more thoroughly, we realize that the truth is not something strange, but it is the truth of the truth. Truth-need is the Pure aspect, which is the dynamic aspect of a so-called "shy as" or "mind". But if we go deeper, then Pure and Dynamic are not two separate aspects, but it is in the Kingdom with Pure, in Pure with Dynamic. Dong is the "thing" (thousands of statues), Tinh is the "reason" that we receive directly through "The" through the "Coincident of dependent origination" of all things.

Arriving at the "Truthfulness and Truthfulness and Pratimacy", the argument is that we have come to the root of the universal universe. But if you still have to say "Continental charm of predestination" and "Dharma-precepts dependent origination" is to want to learn about the general, the key of all phenomena to directly recognize as. "Continental coast predestined" treatise is based on experience that deduce true as. These two treatises are not different in content or content, but only in their dissertation. One side goes from Truth to Reason, one side goes from reason to truth.

If we are able to use an example to concretely demonstrate the arguments just mentioned above, we would like to take the liberty of using the following rudimentary example, but please say in advance that the example is not an argument, but only one aspect of the argument.

We go into a strange theater, when the lights are out and we don't know when the stage began. The theater was dark, the stage was not so bright, but we stood in the back. In front of the stage, many layers of thin curtains dropped (for ignorance). When we enter, a curtain slowly pulls up. We vaguely see the arms, legs and mouth of a mannequin dancing and singing on stage. We presume that in the female sect, behind that mannequin there is a motive (for example, the karmic affinity for dependent origination) that makes the female mannequin dance the machine and sing.

Another curtain came up and we went one step further to look. We see the figure of a man standing behind that mannequin (for example to give Abel the predestination).

Another curtain came up and we got closer to the stage. I see it more clearly. It turned out that the human and mannequin are one: the man has a mannequin layer and has danced a singing machine (for example, Chon is interdependent).

Another curtain was pulled up, and we came close to the stage, we saw through the backstage. We clearly see each object, each person, every detail on the stage, the contact between this object and the other, between the playboy, the screen pull, the director, etc. .

After carefully observing the stage, we turn our eyes to the audience, and we have discovered a very important secret: the close communication between the player and the audience. The person who plays the joke, the audience is happy, the person who plays the game complains, the audience is sad. In contrast, the audience also greatly influences the role of the player: the role-player obeys the will of the audience, when acting or the audience applauds and forces the actor to close; when acting is bad, the audience boos, protests ... Actors and audience, backstage and front school, all one theater are in close contact with each other, as a cause for each other, intimate influence on each other (example for Dharma-dependent origination).

To conclude this chapter of Pratyekabuddha, we can tom off as follows:

-Education Duyen Khoi, want to say the karma and cause of the gender phenomenon. Industry by enchanting that.

-A-da-Duyen Khoi, want to say: the root of the gender phenomenon is a-back-da wake. A-re-da covering all beings smuggled that arises a universe of property. Want to get rid of the phenomenon of gender must practice and detect invisible smuggling.

-Foots like Duyen Khoi, is like to say: the foot as because of predestined with ignorance that moves and gives birth to the universe of possession.

- Continent of Duyen Khoi and Phap-Duyen Khoi are two similar visualizations, both of which represent phenomena and reality of most-as. Unconscious unconsciousness is the cause of the phenomenon. Perception is liberated.

These theories have the same points: each theory has its feet as the essence of the universal universe. The cause of the arising of the universal universe is delusion or ignorance. If you want to be liberated, you have to subtract delusion.

IV.-  Space And Time Of The Dharma Realm

We have talked about the causes of the universe's creation and its existence. Here we listen to the Buddha taught about the immense breadth and the infinite existence of the universe, or the dharma realm.

1.- Space: According to the teachings of the sutras, the universe often speaks in the Buddhist nomenclature: the immense dharma realm is infinite. The world we are here in is not one, but as much as the sand of the Ganges. For every one thousand small worlds, a world-small heavenly state is formed; unite one thousand Tieu-tien thien in the world into one Tieu trien world; unite one thousand Chinese celestial worlds into one World-Great Angel of the world, or "three great natural heavenly worlds". Each of the three great heavenly worlds consists of a thousand million worlds as small as ours. Moreover, the universe is not only a world-great natural heavenly heavens, but also composed of countless great natural heavenly heavens.

2.- The world: Buddha taught: "compounded phenomena, any one is governed by the four periods, ie the city, the pillar, the emptiness, and nothing". The world too, can not get out of the law: the city, the cylinder, the damage, it is not possible. But knowing because in the legal world there are not so many worlds, the success of the world is ruined. Not of another world, just like that, the rotation is endless.

If we take a world apart to measure time, then we will have a number as follows: Each world has four periods or four lifetimes; Each life has twenty-lifetime, each life has sixteen million (16 million) years. So a world from its inception, until its destruction, must go through: 4x20x16,000,000 = 1,280,000,000. But as we know the world as much as the sand of the Ganges River, the long-term existence of Dharma world cannot be thought or thought.

Here, we do not mean to put up such a number to precisely measure the breadth and permanence of the Dharma world. We only have the purpose of raising the numbers to get the idea of ​​the "endlessness, beginninglessness, infinity" of the Dharma world. Yū-concept, today's science is also agreed.

C.-  Conclusion:

France-world but vast infinity endless, but as we have seen in the paragraph about "Dependent initiation", France-world and human beings directly influence each other. Moreover, as in the feeling of dependent karmic affinity, the universe is created by the karma of sentient beings; good karma touch, the body base is fullness, but the universe is also good; and the negative karma, the evil-based body, the universe is unclean, very disaster.

And according to As-da-da-grace interdependence said: because we in A-da-da awakening and current practice that we have the body of the world like this or other. If we train the mundane race, we will spin forever in the world of suffering and pollution; If we practice the smuggled seed, then we will be free from this realm of suffering.

According to our qualifications and inborn roots, these two theories are more suitable for us; and the three theories below are too high to practice.

So let us listen to the Buddha's teaching in two theories "Kamma-dependent origination" and "A-da-da-dependent origination" that reform the universe and human life.

In these two dharmas, about karma we should eliminate "goodness" and "rationality" or improving karma in exchange for good deeds, that is, we take the following retribution to be very body and the universe. solemnly good, no longer suffer as it is now.

Regarding the seed, we should be careful every day in training. Because the daily work is recorded in our consciousness, never will it be lost. We must practice the true things of the sage. As for the practice, we must contemplate all the dharmas created by Duy consciousness, and must destroy the ego and the attachment.

By doing so, we will undoubtedly transform this evil body and universe into beautiful stately. END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.27/1/2020.