General Buddhist Studies: Course 5 - lesson 10, Humanities, Buddhism

Universal Buddhist Studies

SRAMANA. Thich Thien Hoa

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Fifth Course

History of Buddhism Spread,
10 Sects and the Universe Nhon Sanh.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.

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Lesson 10

Renminbi Buddhist

A.- Open Topic:

Was the one who did not wonder where he had come from? How is my presence in this world? How do my situation live? etc ... How many problems, how many questions make people wonder, wonder, eat restless, sleepless.

To solve the above problems, philosophers and religions have provided answers or justifications on that "living problem", called human life.

As a religion, having a very high philosophy, Buddhism of course also devotes a great part to talking about human life.

Human life is like? It is a problem that every Buddhist we cannot ignore. This knowledge can help us identify human strengths and imperfections and help us to organize our lives and live a life that is meaningful and beneficial for us and for society.

B.- Right View:

I.- Where Does Human Life Come From?

First of all, the problem that makes us wonder the most is:

Where do people from?

To solve this problem, Buddhism has the theory of "twelve conditions".

Of those twelve conditions, ignorance is the basis. What is ignorance? That is, for reason, it is not known exactly. So that was born delusion, it is true to be fake, pretending to be true, wildly hopelessly accept ego, legal accept, distinguish yourself and people; then according to the reversal scene, but according to the scene of afflictions, so called "or". From enchanting words that create karma, either good or evil. The artifact is called "Action", the second of twelve conditions.

Due to the good karma, gather the group into "karma". This knowledge according to the place where the trainers matured and then falls into the mother's womb, it is the "Consciousness", the third of twelve conditions.

In the mother's womb, gathering the blood to humiliate the body, the mind and the noble body are called "Nama rupa" which is the fourth of the twelve conditions, (Danh: Consciousness; Sac: Humiliation).

From Danh identity times the statue has enough six bases, called "Luc Luc". That is the fifth in

twelve conditions.

After getting out of pregnancy, six senses for six ceiling, known hot, cold, pain, soft ... should be called "contact", the sixth of twelve conditions.

Due to that emotion, the mind gradually makes a difference, then there are pleasant feelings, suffering ... It is "feeling", the seventh of twelve conditions.

Due to the feeling of joy, suffering, and commemoration of hatred and attachment, that attachment was born with "Ai", eighth ci in the two conditions.

Because of craving should seek to grab the good or the good, the favorite. That is the "Prime" chi ninth of twelve conditions.

Want to satisfy the previous infection, the favorite of "Ai" and "Thu, should create a career. This karma can strike a karmic retribution, so called "Huu", the tenth of the twenty-two conditions.

If "Huu" is a seed, then there is "birth" as the eleventh of the twelve conditions.

Having had "Birth", there must be "Lao and Tzu" which is the twelfth of twelve conditions.

In twelve conditions. "Ignorance" belongs to "or" and "Onions" belongs to "karma." That is the past multiplication of which there are five "Suffering" present present are: Consciousness, Identity, Luc six, Contact and Life.

As a result of the "Suffering" present above, it arises "Or" is a craving and create "Nhiep" is useful, so as to multiply for the fruit "Suffering" after being born and aging in the future.

Thus, from the past, to the present result, rebuilding the future fruit, the three lives continue to rotate forever incessantly, like a rolling wheel, up and down, down and up and down without stopping.

Based on that, we know that people not only lived one life in this present time, but before that, back to the past, they had not experienced so many lives. And later, in the future, there will be countless lives. People now live here to die, but death is the kindness that makes future life.

Thus, life and death continue in succession, like waves, one melting away to unite another, never ending, if there is wind. Man, if the wind of ignorance is still blowing, the stream of life will circulate, roll away, sink forever.

II.- How is the  Human Body?

After we know the cause of the existence of people in this world, another question that comes to our minds is: What is the human body like? beautiful or ugly, real or fake, precious or despicable?

To solve this problem, Buddhism has many theories, whether according to Hinayana or Mahayana, one sect or another. These theories, though not contrary to each other, are complementary to each other, making this problem presented in many respects, from large to wide, from shallow to deep, from outside to inside, from generals. to be, from general to general ...

Here we would like to present these concepts sequentially from Nhon admit to Thien Vehicle, through the Second Vehicle and finally to Mahayana, so readers have a full idea on this issue:

1.- The mandarin of the inheritance: The human body is in harmony, due to the spirit of the parents and the consciousness, contributing four substances: Hard, wet, hot, and dynamic. Active in that is consciousness (karma). By the human consciousness, the conditions of meeting to form human bodies. The karma that came from being created by the previous life was gathered in the mind to succeed in having human nature, can feel the body. Thus, from the mind of self-created kamma, the kamma returns to be successful in practicing the karma of the people in the mind, until the kusala karma is mature, meets all conditions, body. So the body is not naturally without cause, nor is it made by others, but it is created by the mind and by the mind, so there should be the saying: "The mind creates the most worldly" and the phrase "Three realms of love," Industrial Property Week. " The body follows the karma that exists, the finite karma, so the body sometimes falls apart. While the body is still, from the heart self-created the karma to succeed the body-sensing technique later, and the body will later become the present; when the front had followed the karma that would destroy. So Buddhism, for death, is just a turning of karma in the mind to replace the old body and get a new body.

While everyone, because of the narrow understanding, mistakenly thought that the body was naturally born, and after death completely destroyed.

Death to change the new body, birth to replace the old body, rotate the place of death and birth, birth and death, replace the old body to get a new body, get a new body to replace the old one, like a person changing clothes.

So the body of the present person is only one body of the infinite bodies. The person who has changed does not know how many bodies are going forward, later on he will also have to change many more bodies, otherwise a recitation of "reflective reflection".

The present birth, just one birth in countless births; and death today is only a phen death in countless deaths.

Buddhism for the birth, not greed, because it is impermanent not long not durable; to death, not fear, because it doesn't have to be completely gone, but a change of the new. No greed, no fear, so Buddhism is different from the normal body in life.

People see in people who really understand Buddhism, when it is as cold as when living, when the pain is strong, the peace is still calm.

The body present here is the result of kamma that has been created before and the body will have later due to the creation of karma now, so the people in Buddhism who are currently living in the state of receiving the vow, whether suffering or joy, receive it. in a playful and naive way, because there is a request to be discouraged that there is nothing we can do once the results, but only worry about personal improvement, can exchange bad things for good, to enjoy them Good karmic retribution in the future, ie the practice of good dhammas, together eradicates the mind of atrocities.

The human realm belongs to the wholesome way, although it has not yet ceased suffering, but it is possible to cultivate karma to enjoy much happiness in the body. People will say, or will feel the joy, the happiness of beautiful, healthy people, all the needs, and the suffering, the harm in the ugly, the sick, the lack of manipulate.

In the dharma talks at Ta Kiet La Long Cung, the Buddha pointed out to the masses the difference in the body of all kinds, such as the majestic and beautiful celestial body, the Eight Bodies of mighty power, the dragon, the whole body. coarse, ugly form, weak and stinking crabs. This is the body, why is there good and bad difference? It is at the time of birth, where the body, speech, and mind are good or cause evil. Good karma feels good; the evil sensation is wicked, created by the mind and then initiated. In order for sentient beings to have a healthy and healthy body, to enjoy happiness in the human realm, in the Buddhist sutras, the Buddha gives thorough instructions on how to live legally in the religious family, taking the five precepts as a basis. Murdering to create good kamma, feeling the fruits of beautiful, healthy and long lived in the future. Do not steal greed to make good karma, enjoy fully satisfied results for a good body. Except for adultery to feel respectful body, enjoy the family. Avoid echo to get the voice harmonized, clear. And abstain from alcohol to avoid the above things, build up in the present and the future, the wise mind.

2. The concept of the Mahayana: In all of the precepts, humanitarianism has been completed, the training of a good karmic human race will be certain, and after maturing, you will feel the body as a good and healthy person. , longevity, good voice, bright mind to enjoy happiness in the human realm. In the human realm there are also the realms of heaven, physically, all aspects are better than people; unlike the body of a human being who is born with a mess, is miserable because the gods are born. The body is extremely beautiful, the same height, the bases are full, see all the time, hear from afar, be supernaturally liberated at will, the natural necessities there, till all diseases. The body is usually healthy, forever young and not old; unlike the human body, it is inevitable the suffering of sickness, urgent because of old age. The body of all beings in the world, only the heavenly body is above all, from the good of the body,

From where do you feel the hatred? As stated before, creating what karma will take care of that karma by itself, and will turn into true results.

So right under the sunlight, the shadow of the object is straight; on the contrary, the object is evil, if you want to get the ball straight, you must fix it immediately. Just as if you wanted to enjoy Troi's body, you had to cultivate a life of God. The Buddha taught 10 good things called "the ten good karma", which are good qualities, arising from the body, speech, and ideas, and practicing all ten good karma. Self-pure mind, then the karma has a good function, will feel the body won, not sick, from getting old, longevity in Heaven.

The Buddha taught causes and results and austerities, so as not to be wicked and miserable by the bodies and to feel the strong, happy bodies of God and man; it is "Buddhism inheritance" and "Buddhist inheritance" to the body.

Although happy in the new person, but also must suffer from eight sufferers. Despite the victory in the body of Heaven, but the body of God has not been out of impermanence, when the karma has been satisfied (the five prime minister appear). Because both God and man are still ordinary in the three worlds, the human body and the Heavenly body are not desirable places, so in Buddhism, there are three Hinayana transcending from the suffering of the three realms, that is: Thanh Van admit , Pratyekabuddha and excess Bodhisattva

3.- The concept of the Second Vehicle:

a). Impure body: - Take the eyes of the Second Vehicle to see where the body is, just a ragged variety, due to many defilements of harmony. They just feel that it is a phenomenon of all misery, boundless without any merit just called pleasure, so there is a saying "body of misery and obligation". And the body is a place of filth, contributing to all the mess, together and then falling apart, so there is the phrase "impure, unclean cessation", and "" impermanent bodies, all evacuated " . Try karma to see where the suffering in the world comes from? -He must insert in the body; the misery such as: cold, hot, hungry, thirsty, tired, suffering, pain, naughty ... It belongs to the place of feeling, that life is caused by the six contact with the ceiling, the body is the refuge of the six senses, so the suffering takes the body as the root. Besides, people in life are not as miserable as: when they were born in pain, they screamed, when they got cluttered in old age, they were very sick and weak,

In the past four monks gave in life fear, anger, lust, and hunger as misery. Was rebuked by the Buddha for not considering the body is the root of all suffering. Not relatives, the suffering: fear, anger, lust, hunger from where. Thoroughly replace the sentence "body of misery" and "body as injustice". The stinking stench of the body is indescribable. People do not remember the past, do not think of the future, only look at the present place and use any clothes to cover, which is musk marijuana, to fascinate themselves, before the foul-smelling field.

Try to look at substances such as Nine-Tails (9-hole drain) in the body flowing out, by itself, it is too disgusting, not to mention the body of others, so in the sutra there is the phrase "unscrupulous save impure".

Thin skin is a series of rows of blood, pus, meat, bones, sputum, and bowel movements, etc. What is disgusting when a human body is stripped of its skin and torn. The sentence "How to defile" has come from the mouth of Buddha to alert the drunkard. Where did the current body of filth come from? - From the past: the fine points, the drops of blood mingled while the karma of delusion was delirious with the intercourse of the parents which ended. The filth of the blood, the fertility of the fetus, is beyond description, until the future is far away, the body will be green, will be bloated, cracked again to make a nest for the maggots to make room for the ants to land, and to secrete the most sticky and stinking things. New time combined: delusion of pure blood; When large,: talk, feces pus blood impure. At the time of disintegration stinking impure. Thus the human body is the most impure of impure objects. From beginning to end, when the new image comes to the end, all are impure.

In that filthy, disgusting, filthy body, there is one thing that if one sees, one will have no desire for the body. From time to time, always assembling the boundary to destroy. Being young, escaping is getting old. From the fresh, strong, soon changed into weakness, tired, wrinkled. During that period of time, not many changes were impermanent. The previous year's body was not the body this year, the previous month's body was not the body next month, today's body was not yesterday, until every hour and minute, every moment had changed. There has been a change, there must be a moment of destruction, no one can stop the rapid change of body, and there is no guarantee of the impulsive situation that everyone is afraid of: "death". Life is not different from just hanging blinds, only to break the wire is to break, so there is a saying: "Network at the respiratory space". A breath that does not inhale, that is, the life of the body is gone, is about to collapse soon. Alas! The body is miserable, the body is impure, the body is impermanent, nothing is frightening, nothing is as boring as the body. No thanks to the body without a machine, you can only temporarily call it affectionately, pity!

The practitioner of the Second Vehicle, observing the body like that, should be bored in the body, frightened with the birth and death of impermanence. Dharma practice super kill escaped three worlds. Some people see that the body is miserable, dirty and impermanent as above, and then afraid, too greasy, rushing to find a way to leave quickly: "suicide". You guys are wrong. They commit suicide to quickly get out of their bodies, without them knowing that they are fostering themselves for long-term certainty. Because the body is out of karma, the body is the result of karma, if you want to get rid of the fruit you have to erase it. It is like a person who is afraid of his shadow, wants his shadow not to show, but keeps running in the sunlight. When Buddha was still in the world, there was a person who had this wrong idea, that is Phuoc Tang Monk, hated the frail old body suffering, attempting to escape by hanging from the stream, he was rebuked by Maudgalyāyana being foolish, and explained the truth to him. Fear of old, pain, life, death that suicidal, really come back to create old age and death. One can abandon the current body, but cannot leave the thousands of bodies that will be in the future, when karma or still. Karma or even when one body is corrupted, everything forms another body, another body must have old age, pain, life, death, misery. appears body, that is to stop or karma with karma. but it is impossible to leave for the thousands of bodies that will be in the future, when karma or still. Karma or even when one body is corrupted, everything forms another body, another body must have old age, pain, life, death, misery. appears body, that is to stop or karma with karma. but it is impossible to leave for the thousands of bodies that will be in the future, when karma or still. Karma or even when one body is corrupted, everything forms another body, another body must be old, painful, alive, dead, miserable. Thus, in order to escape from suffering for the body, to eliminate the root appears body, that is to stop or karma with karma.

a). False body: The root "or karma" has subtracted, then the tops are "body" of course must suffer. Nhon was gone, the fruit would also be lost. The body is no longer feeling, the suffering is not dependent on where there is, that is, peace and liberation. End of career or wealth, then smuggled Hue, become the Second Holy excess. At this point the bodies of these tribulations are no longer bodily damage, but only the construction of the five elements, or the dual origin. Whereas ordinary people perceive damage as having a body, have their heads and arms and legs, have a visualization of the movement, which with their insight sees form, sensation, and consciousness; or see: eye, ear, female, female, body; Each dish has its own taste, nothing can be called a body? It is as if in a distance, there is a cluster of overgrown communication forests, which, when approaching, only see discrete trees, the body of the forest is no longer real. The realm for the witness has not come, It is hard to understand, exclamation is not true, it is only available to our karma. It's beautiful, it's lovely, it's just a match for polluted expectations, beautiful for people, not necessarily pretty for others. She Tay Thi people praised the life as beautiful, lovely, but birds met birds afraid of flying away, fish saw fear and hiding. So Tay Thi Thi must be really lovely and lovely, so why are fishes scared? Is that beauty, only by human colleagues. until the body shapes and effects, only the human eye. An extremely gorgeous beauty, if we use radiographs, then the beauty is no longer, but only shows the pink white skeleton, and if we use a magnifying glass more than a thousand times, then we only see it as a heap of discrete flesh, spaced apart. If everyone has a radiology eye,

Hue eyes of the Second Class Saints multiply. For ordinary people, the body is beautiful. For ordinary people, the body is beautiful, for them the body is not available, let alone the female is beautiful. It is not other conditions, but there is no difference. Also the same scene, but because of different knowledge, should not see where the kkhong. Because they no longer see that there are real bodies, they no longer have attachment to the body where they no longer have thoughts: body, body, because all threats are warm sleep, the six senses; under their wisdom, and moreover, are the four great pseudo-assemblies: skin, flesh, tendons, bones, skin, hair, nails, which are all earth; sperm, blood, phlegm, viscous, tears, sweat, all about water; the temperature belongs to the ocean; temperature belongs to fire; the same movement as the wind. The four elements are contrary, so how the body is.

4.- The concept of Venerable

a) Body as illusory: Extending the responsibility, the body to the Mahayana monastic order, is a dharma due to the structure of mind and mind, which does not leave the mind. Because of the quotations, the ego, the three-faceted possession of the self-consciousness, which become the name and the function, when enough conditions arise, they become the body, then clinging to the body, the being of the senses, and with his relatives and co-danger; when consciousness is no longer maintained, the body perishes. The body does not have, because the consciousness changes, there is no body, taking consciousness as a body, the whole body is awake, in addition to the bodyless consciousness. The body is due to the function of manifestation, the function of embodiment, by the karmic-conditioned karmic trainings that awakened. Causal karma comes out, it depends on the body that arises that the body is a false Dharma, due to the manifestations. But from where the body creates karmic infection or tranquility, doing grace in the mind, causing the mind to turn into infectious or pure energy. The body and the supernormal ability to turn make each other more charming, there is no real loss, no loss, no illusory truth. Because of that, with the Mahayana position, the body is as illusory. Because as illusory is not really there, should not fall into the error of increasing the benefits of ordinary people, along with errors often accept the accept of the pagan. Because as illusory, fake is not not right, so from the error of reduction of the Second Vehicle and accept the cessation of cults.

Bodhisattva refuge in illusory body, tu as illusory French tissue, the most illusory AI comments, the charming situation, the illusory result. Because the body is like illusory, full of hope, no longer in front of the body, so negativity is not born. No love in front of the body, then from the body that must rot virtue. Feeling immeasurable body, practice through countless lifetimes, but with the Bodhisattva, there is not a single chance to recite the thought that there is body life, and there is a body of lemongrass.

Me not even conceptuality, let alone any number, should have the sentence: "life expectancy ... life non-life number". Because the body as dependent as illusory being, being unborn; body dependency as illusory kill instant death, should have the sentence: "they coast charm false, hopeless reputation being born, they coast canopy, vanishing hope vanishing". No birth does not kill ie "real-general". Ancient Germany has the saying: "illusory body itself not snuffed, being born as the scene of the image, -The most unreal willow, illusory self-realization of the truth". That is from where the body, the shop "fake" enter "no", the "middle way".

b) Body and the universe are one: Adding one more to another, the Bodhisattva contemplating one's body means the whole universe, which is all sentient beings. Why? All things are exchanged to make conditions, treat each other. One of these things comes out, it is because of treating the other things. The existing body, because the universe treats grace, the universe returns due to the treatment of the body. Dependent in the universe that has the body, then the body is the universe. Dependent on the body that has the universe, the universe is the body. The universe and the body are not different. The body and the whole universe, the human body also the whole universe. Until the bodies of all sentient beings, are also the cosmic body. The whole universe is the body, but the whole universe is also the body of all sentient beings, and the loving body is the whole body. The universe is complete,

III.- The Human Identity  Is Bored or Not

1.- What is the situation of human status in the universe?

As in the part of the universe has said, the world is divided into three levels: sex world, gender identity and gender identity invisible. Living in the sex world are creatures who are wrongly sexually driven, controlled, such as sexuality, lust. The species living in the sex world are: animals, hungry ghosts, hells, asanas, people and gods.

How are people living in the same realm with the above mentioned species? Still know of the six species, the human status is ranked second, but nonetheless, it does not live in a situation that is not bright, because the situation is subject to the subject of sex. So Buddha often taught: "Tears of beings are more than four seas", that's it! Sexual desire requires physical desires such as cravings, sleep, cravings ... In short, to be satisfied with the sensual pleasures. But not all! People also desire to satisfy the spiritual needs: the desire to usurp, the desire to tame, the desire to show off ... that means taking part in the greed and greed.

But if greed is satisfied at all, then it is miserable. Here, on the other hand, sex can never be satisfied. Fortunately, there can be temporary satisfaction for a while. And that is even more dangerous, because it is no different from anyone who drinks salt water, the more drink.

Humans are bound to the lust, like horses tied to the neck of a carriage, dragging and running, never resting.

Moreover, that desire is the germ of conflict between one species and another: everyone wants to satisfy their sex, so they are born with selfishness, suffering for others and others to make them happy. Therefore, each of us beings is an enemy of every other being, and this world is a battlefield, in which every minute and every second, there are countless soldiers who have fallen. Therefore the realm of that battlefield is also an extremely large graveyard. According to Buddha, it is a vast sea of ​​suffering!

The ocean is immense, waves and waves flood,

The naked man rode a drifting boat,

Who is against whom the wind blows?

In retrospect, the same sea carpet

2.- The impermanent and non-self nature of man: Man suffers because of his sex, man suffers even more because of the following two basic qualities:

a) Impermanence: Everything in life does not stand still, but the mobile movement always flows in every minute and every minute. Last minute body, not the next minute body. Every million seconds, how many millions of cells in the person are dying and being replaced. Man is greedy to live, but he is dragged to death. The more you want to live, the more you are afraid of death. The swift transformation, from blue hair to gray hair, was like a dream.

b) egolessness: Man, like all things, is caused by harmonious conditions. Man is just a name, is a fake name to call the box of the five aggregates are: materiality, feeling, health, happiness, consciousness. When they are predestined enough they gather, then called life, when it melts, it dies. In the five aggregates, what is the owner, most homogeneous? Besides, even in those five aggregates there is no such thing as homogeneous, but also due to the gathering of the mainland.

Unusual that thought is often, not falling that is thought to be self. That is also the biggest blur of man. And it is because of that confusion that people suffer even more.

3.- Human ability: Considering the above, human condition is boring. So we must despair, let go of his hands and mourn to wait for death or what? What more faith do we have in humans?

Yes of course! Buddha taught: "All beings have the ability to become Buddha". In other words, humans, although living in suffering, all have Buddha nature. With that Buddha nature, people can escape from their darkness. To get out of this situation, people do not need to kneel, to ask for someone else, but by their own strength and actions. Only I can free myself. Man, is the creator of his life. When people fall in love, people make themselves miserable, but when they know that they love to find a way out of delusion, then they are the ones who build their own happiness.

That is the advantage of man, that is also the great belief of man. In terms of one aspect, the human condition is very boring. But on the other hand, people are excited.

So it is not right to say that the cause of Buddhism is pessimism. Optimism or pessimism depends on the aspect of his observation.

C.- Conclusion:

Drawn from the above comments, we can conclude that: When in delusion, the human condition is tragic. But when people start to get fascinated, people can change their situation and life.

But how to convert? How to turn maze into enlightenment? How to turn suffering into fun? Fortunately! The teachings of the Buddha are there, the person who instructed the method of turning the maze into enlightenment, turning the suffering into joy is still there.

We only process the gathering, so that will transform our sad situation. So the Buddha often taught: This scene is also this scene of Buddha. He is also Buddha. END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.28/1/2020.