Three specialities of life - Impermanence.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.

 

Impermanent

"What do you think, monks, Khưu, and ordinary colors?

- White Lord-Sun, no-ordinary.

Life, Thought, Action, Formula are often or often non-normal?

- White Lord-Ton, impermanent.

What is impermanent is lost or miserable?

- Bach The Lord-Ton, that is suffering ".

"What is impermanent, suffering and transforming, is it reasonable to say: This is mine, this is me, this is my self?

- White Lord-Ton, unreasonable ".

"So, no matter what color, Life, Thought, Action, Anything, oil in the past, present, or future, whether in or outside of us, rough or subtle, low or high, far away Nearly, these things must be properly admired according to its true form and with true wisdom: This is not mine, this is not my self-self. " 

On a dazzling sunset, guests sit on the beach watching the sunset. A golden sky gleamed in the waves rushing over the ocean surface. Occasionally, a few sailboats silently passed by, the rhythm of the rhythmic birds fluttering about the drive, the breeze was hiu hiu ... The guests enjoyed the scenery while the yellow sky gradually darkened, become red and go into the night. Each wave rises, crosses to the top, bends itself down and dissolves and while dissipating, shifts its energy to the next wave. And so the continuous continuous waves are almost endless.

That is the image of life: always changing and forever progressing.

The ultimate comment of the Buddha-Ton is: "All dharmas are unremarkable. Take the effort to persevere in diligence". As soon as he passed away , Blessed  Sahampati  lamented:

"All of them must go. 
All beings have been born into the realms of life 
must leave the shape is made up of this. 
Yes, even the Lord Bon-Su, 
who is Radio-Song, no one equaled, 
Tier Wisdom Cao-Minh, Tier-All-Enlightenment, 
Also departed ". 
(  Mahã Parinibbana Sutta )

Sakka King   (God-Likes) continued:

"All the elements that make up life are impermanent. 
They are born, combined and disintegrated. It 
is indeed peaceful. 
When the components end forever," he said.

To this day, in the Buddhist nations, according to the Nguyen-Thuy tradition, taking the Tripitaka to be the basis, whenever there is a funeral funeral, to remind the listeners of the early and dark nature of life. , Chu-Tang reciting Sutra-Sutta has read the verses in Sanskrit, which means the following:

"All dharmas are impermanent. 
Dharma birth and destruction are their nature. 
They combine into beings, and then die, 
Escape from them is the ultimate happiness."

Or sentence:

"The righteous dharma is unsustainable. It has the nature of being and killing is usually because of the human being and then kills, destroys and arises (so often there is suffering and suffering). Only Nirvana is the passing away of law. Only the dharma can have absolute joy. "

Buddha-Catholic nouns call the "Dharma-Vi-Vi" ( Sankhatra ) is all that is constituted by causes and conditions, all that is created by the previous causes to exist. Broadly speaking, compounded dharma includes the whole world-present phenomena, the whole of the spirit or matter in the universe.

Nothingness-often is not always, but always changing, constantly becoming something new. The Pali language calls an ordinary " ANICCA ". " A " is not, " NICCA " is permanent. The Annotations  Vissudhi Magga and Abhidhamma  explain that because in the dharmas there is nothing permanently permanent, saying that it is not usually. Because it is not always so normal.

All enlightened dharma means that all things in the world of this phenomenon are in a fleeting, transitory and unstable state: arising and falling away and from birth to death constantly changing. From large things to small objects, from outside to inside us, from tangible matter to thoughts or other invisible phenomena, we must go through three stages of birth, head and death. From the big mountains, giant bodies to tiny grains of sand, tiny microbes, all keep on changing. How many valleys today, formerly a large lake. How many vast fields, in a distant past, were the seas. It is the earth on which they live that gradually loses its temperature and science predicts that one day in the future the earth will become a dead planet, a globular. Born and destroyed, then melted,

At the time of the Buddha's time, there was a very beautiful nun named  Janapada  Kalyani Ránpanandã  and was very proud of her beauty. She refused to listen to the Buddha preaching the Dharma because he always reminded the impermanent nature of the world and did not praise the beauty of the body.

One day, the good grace pushed her into the auditorium, but the heart still said, confuse the crowd of monks and nuns, not letting the Buddha see. The Lord-Ton knows that. For her sake, he created the image of a beautiful, beautiful young woman standing behind her, fanning and fanning him and only the Lady  Rũpanandã  saw it.She always looked passionately at the beauty of the young woman and all she wanted was the same. At that time, Buddha made her see the beautiful young woman grow up to middle-aged, then old. Ms.  Rũpanandã follow each stage of the transformation process, see all this beauty and then the beauty of the young woman who is going to be ruined. At that time, the beautiful young woman was only an old woman clumping, silver hair, long teeth, bones protruding, thin and weak, her back and knees tired, and her limbs trembling up and down. Then the Buddha showed her that she was suffering from a painful illness, moaning and falling to the ground. Then the old woman died, the body rose, the yellow water came out from the clumsiness, then taped, spilled out and swirled, etc. ...

The disgusting scene reminded her of the  Rutpanandã's  thought: "In this place, the magnificent beautiful girl has become old, old and ruined, my beautiful self will not be able to avoid you. The road is painful, boring, terrifying. " She received the true nature of impermanence. And after listening to the teaching of the Master: "Consider the emptiness of the elements that constitute this body. Go away, let go of the greed for clinging to your life, you will step forward. in the silence, "she focused only on the direction of the teachings and attained Tu-Da-Hoong fruit.

People who go to the temple often bring flowers or incense to worship the Buddha. When devoutly bowing before the Buddha image, Buddhists understand to contemplate and meditate on the teachings of the Venerable Master. The wilting flower ears, the burnt incense sticks, the lighted lamps, said and reminded them of the impermanent nature of existence.

It is a way of looking at life on a regular level. Every thinker sees clearly and clearly knows that all things are constantly changing. But Buddhists who are taught should look deeply into the continuous process of change. A newborn baby suddenly becomes a child, then suddenly becomes a teenager, etc.? A beautiful flower ear in the morning will suddenly die down? There must be no sudden change but there is continuous progress, subtle changes that ordinary people, with their sensuous, unconscious senses. Although we cannot see it with the naked eye, there is still a change in progress every second, every moment. And all changed,  Anicca Vatã Sankhara, all the dharmas are often impermanent: ordinary, non-ordinary, non-ordinary, impermanent states. This verse means that being (mind-body) is impermanent, all things (impermanence) are impermanent and worldly (the noun of the state here is explained as world-world). is infinitely normal. In this article we only focus on people, as a living being.

To learn the great world outside the Buddhists is taught to look back inside, contemplate yourself. And in doing so we see that what is called being, or what we still accept is "I" is really just a combination of two parts, materiality (Sac:  Rūpa ) and spirituality (Name :  NMA ). The spiritual part or the name is divided into the Life, Thought, Action, and consciousness. Five components Sac, Life, Idea, Action, and consciousness are collectively known as five-aggregates or five-warm.

Going into the observation work, we see that the material, or the physical body, is the combination of the cells, then the cell is the combination of atoms and we go down to the electronic, the electric electronic, neutral electronic. These three types of electronics combine to form atoms. And depending on the order of aggregation and the ratio of different quantities, those electrons form different types of atoms. According to modern scientists, there are 104 or 106 types of atoms. And these kinds of atoms combine to form all kinds of matter that we can find on earth and many other planets including our physical body. The specific characteristics of each type of matter do not depend on the mass of the electronic particles, but in large part due to the energies or energies between them.

Buddhist-Buddhism, when separating physical form, or "Sac", to the same extreme level, there are four main components: Earth, Water, Fire, and Wind called the Four Great Paths ( Cattāri Mahābhutana ), or the Four Great Elements. along with its transformations and characteristics.

Earth:  The first basic element, solid, has a hard or soft characteristic (because soft is also a hard form. When an object is less "hard" than the other object, it is said to be "softer" than the other object). ). It is because of this element that an object is weight heavy or light, rough or smooth and occupies space.

Water:  The second basic element is Water, in liquid form, with properties that combine other ingredients. It is through the element Water that other components of matter are not dispersed. Understand that cold is not a characteristic of Water element.

Fire:  The third basic element is Fire, which has a very strong effect on the other components. Fire has a hot or cold characteristic (because cold is a hot form), changing the state of the object such as transforming a solid object from liquid to liquid or gaseous. It is because of this component that it creates warmth for the body and digests food or makes a young fruit become old and ripe ...

Wind:  The ultimate basic element is Wind, which has mobile characteristics.

All things must carry all four basic "elements", together and at the same time, indispensable. The three elements cannot exist or exist without the fourth element existing and exist at the same time. Thus, according to Buddhism, a material is just a combination of four basic elements, or Four Great Elements. The Great Four are always mixed with its four metabolites, color, flavor, taste and nutritional nature. The Four Great Elements and the four transformations are always intertwined and closely related, until we only see one. This object is different from the other object due to the different composition of the Four Great Elements and the four transformations.

What about the spiritual part?

The spiritual part, that is, the four aggregates are: 'Life, Idea, Action, consciousness'. Feelings, Perceptions, Spiritual Activities and Consciousness. The first three aggregates are mental states which arise and fall away with citta, whose object is identical to the object of the citta and is the same base as the citta. The consciousness (Vinnana ) here is synonymous with the mind or the citta ( Citta ).

There are 52 types of mental states. Life and perception are the two types of universal mental states (also called mental changes), always in all kinds of mind. The remaining 50 Mind Center is called Hanh.

Life ,  feeling or feeling is the main characteristic of all kinds of kusala cittas. In general, there are 3 types of Life:

- Tho Hy: Feeling happy. 
- Tho uu: Feeling sad. 
- Longevity: Feeling neutral, unhappy is not sad.

Idea  or perception is perception. The main characteristic of Idea is to perceive an object by the sign on that object, such as color, smell, etc. It is because of this mental mind, we recognize an object that we once perceived, pierced through our senses. . As the carpenter's state of mind when he realized this log was the front, or the back column, etc. ... thanks to the signs he had written on the wood. Or, like a storekeeper, recognize the item with the column label attached on it.

In each type of  consciousness , or mind-base, there are always two mind-states of mind and thought together with some other mental states in the 50 mental states of  Hanh , more or less depending on the type of mind.Life, Thought, Action are like Consciousness, always changing. According to the psychology of the Buddha-Spiritual Church, or the name, transforming 17 times faster than the material part.

Just as physical and physical bodies, colors and spiritual parts are not a pure and intact entity but a combination of many thought-provoking thoughts. The mind is just a long series of thoughts and thoughts that continue to be almost endless. As on the sea, every wavy wave rose and fell down and dissipated in the next wave, each glider became another. In the same way, every thought-perfectness arises, exists, then destroys, gives way to another.The mind-boggling intermittent continuity, one after another, is extremely quick, to change us to feel like a single entity. In fact there is only the flow of the next successive thoughts, like the flow of a river.

Looking at a river we feel like there is a simple entity called a river. But that is just an illusion. The so-called "river" is not something intact but just the next few drops of tail that flow together and flow quickly. Heraclitus, the famous philosopher of ancient Greece, taught the " Panta Rhei " theory as follows:

"There is no pure, unmoving person, no unchanging, unchanging entity. Transformation, mobility is the Lord of the Universe. All things are in a state of becoming, a state. flowing continuously ". (Panta Rhei  )

And he continued, "You cannot walk twice down the same stream; because there is always a new water flowing to you." Yes, the stream is always smooth and constantly changing.

Having imbued the Dharma of Buddha, one can take one step further and say: "The same person cannot walk twice down the same stream", because what is called "man" also just a physical and mental fluency, never stopping for the next two moments.

When observing it so closely, Buddhists see that the so-called "I" is "Self-Self", just a temporary combination of very subtle elements that are always fluctuating, never pure. and constantly becoming something new. There is nothing, physical or mental oil that exists as a single, intact entity, in the next two moments. All are ordinary. An immutable permanent entity is just a concept of a noun, a name that does not exist in reality. In the story of King Milinda's  questioning,  Nãgasena  asked the King what to come by, walking or driving. The King replied that he came by car.

"My Lord-Wang, if you come by car please ask Dai-Vuong please say clearly, must the frame be a car?

- Bach Dai-Duc, it is not true.

Is the wallet a car?

- Indeed not.

Is the case a car?

- Indeed not.

Is the yoke a car?

- Indeed not.

Is the reins a car?

- Indeed not.

Is the whip a car?

- Indeed not.

My Lord-United, Ðại-Vương said that Đại-Vương came by car, so where did the car bring Đại-Vương? Is he the most powerful King in all of India but also lies or when he told me to come by car?

- Dear Bach Dai-Duc, Tram does not lie. The noun "car" is just a language image, a voice, a word, a call, a conventional way to say a purse, frame, trunk, wheel, etc. ... when these components are assembled together ".

There is no such thing as a car but only the assembled components are connected. In the same way, "beings", "people", "I", "British" or "Mr. A", "Mr. B", etc. are just nouns, words, not exactly matching with something simple, really exists.

There is criticism that Buddhists-Buddhists always refer to impermanence and always mention death, so pessimistic and pessimistic.

Buddhism is not pessimistic. Buddhism is also not optimistic. Buddhism is only practical. In a house that is burning with optimism, it is thought that the fire will gradually subside and turn off. Everything will be well arranged. Thinking so, the person is full of food and sleeps, steadily assuming that tomorrow is morning again and that he will not enter there safely, nothing to worry about. The compassionate person, on the contrary, saw the burning fire, panicked, and then desperately thought that all was about to become ash, everyone was cremated, life became dark and sorrowful. depressed, depressed, but not doing anything positive to escape, until the real fire burns it all. In the same situation, practical practitioners clearly state that there is truly danger and take advantage of the ability to deal with the situation appropriately. That is the attitude of Buddhists.

When it comes to impermanence and talking about death, Buddhism only refers to the reality of life:

"... In this world, there is no stable or unmoving limb. Whether we want it or not, time still changes all things. There is nothing in this world that can stop time There is nothing that lasts forever, there is no sustainability, stability, continuity, no matter where, in this world ... We live in an ever-changing world. and in the meantime, we ourselves are constantly changing. " (Buddhist Reflections On Death, author of  Gunaratna )

It is through knowing the meaning of death that we understand the goal of life. It is through understanding the impermanent nature of all things that one can cope with all the challenges of human life in an adaptive way.

At the time of the Buddha, there was a young woman named  Kisã Gotami . She gave birth to a boy. But unfortunately, when toddlers are sick, the child becomes seriously ill and dies. Too much love, she did not let anyone bring fire, but thought that there would be some way to help her to live again. This is the first time she experienced the deep sadness of a mother who lost her child. She hugged the baby in her lap, going from house to house, crying miserably, calling on all people to open their hearts to find a way to save the life of their most beloved child. Anyone who hears it, but no one can help her do it. She was still not discouraged, but she continued to scream for someone to treat her.

Ask someone to tell her to meet Buddha. She knelt down respectfully to Him and said, "The White-God of the Sun, I heard that You are the one who can save my son's life, please open compassion to teach me how to do it." how".

The Buddha taught: "Go and look for Nhu-Lai a few white mustard seeds. But the mustard must be taken from any family that has never been dead before." Ms.  Kisã Gotami  hurriedly-hurriedly ran to find what she believed was the life-saving medicine for her, she thought that the mustard seed was not hard to find.

She arrived in front of the first house in the village and asked: "Please, is there a mustard seed here? If so, please give me some seeds to save my son's life." In the house, there was a person who ran out to give her mustard seeds. But when she asked more: "Is there anyone in the house who is too old?" Then the family member answered, "Why are you asking strange? Which family has no dead. In my own house, there are more people dead than there are people." Mrs. Gotami heard that, then returned the mustard seed and continued to the second house, next to it ... then the third and fourth houses, etc ... Everywhere she went to ask, every house had mustard seeds. white, but there are no families but no one has passed away.

Mrs.  Gotami  went to ask the same thing throughout the village until late in the evening and could not find what she wanted. Finally, she stood there and complained: "Oh! It is a difficult thing to do. It is not a place where there are no people who are dead. So it is not alone that we have to be separated and dispersed. Wherever the dead die more than the living. ”So she became more wise and returned to the forest where Buddha lived.

After bowing to the Buddha-Buddha, she said: "Bach Hoa-Ton, I cannot find white mustard seed as he taught because the whole village of the village is more dead than the living." The Buddha taught: "So I understand that it is not only the children who suffer such death and death, but that is the common law for all of them." the water of the hordes of hordes, the gods of God who draws all of them into the sea of ​​ruin ... "After hearing the Buddha-preaching preaching a dharma on the impermanent nature of life, she  Kisã Gotami  attained Tu-Da- Hoong fruit.

One day, she had a duty to look after the incense sticks in Chanh-Dien. After lighting the glass lamps on the altar, she sat back and watched. A few flames lit up, several others fluttered and turned off. She took that phenomenon as a subject of meditation and contemplated as follows: "The life of our being in the world is like that of these lamps. Some people suddenly light up, while others flutter. Only those who have achieved Nirvana have no one to see. "

Thus, when emphasizing on the innate fleeting nature of the Dharma-Buddhist teachings, only presents a practical point of view. Teaching that the nature of life is impermanent is not for us to be cynical, praying for the worldly happiness to be eternal, so that we can meditate on our righteousness and rely on our changing nature -The method to evolution.

Due to the law of impermanence, the freshly blooming flower has burst into a wilted morning emblem in the afternoon, the healthy adult today will become sickly in the future; family and children with many children and grandchildren, happy and happy with happiness and happiness in the present, they will separate and leave, the person who goes to this scene is in a different situation. However, it is also due to the law of impermanence that things grow and evolve. The seed becomes a tree, the seedling becomes big, the leaves are sumptuous, the buds become flowers.

Due to the law of impermanence, good people can become bad but also because of the law of impermanence, bad people can become good. If there is no law of impermanence, no transformation, how the person remains forever like that, how can an Asoka King   (Ashoka), known for being violent and cruel, can become an intelligent person troops, exchanging battles invading fiercely the propaganda of supreme morality and the compassion of Buddhism, to seek happiness for a part of humanity. "In the name of hundreds of thousands of kings in the history of mankind, the noble name is both majestic and gentle, both pure and serene of the Great Asoka  (Ashoka) shining brightly like a star shining". 

Reflecting on the righteousness of the mindlessness is often the path to the ultimate goal of a Buddhist practitioner. Buddha taught:

"This Bhikkhu-Khưu, this form (Form) is impermanent. What is the cause and what condition this body is constituted is impermanent, so can it be that Sac is created? Because of what often, can it often be? "

"Life is impermanent ..., Idea is impermanent ..., Action is impermanent ..., Consciousness is impermanent ... What is the cause, what causes conditions, Life, Onions, Consciousness is also infinite. So, can it be that Life, Thought, Action, Consciousness, arising from what is often infinite, can often remain? "

"Awareness like this, this monk-Khưu, noble disciples have been fully explained without attachment of love, attachment to life, ... Awakening. Because of ending all love, this person has a mind let go, do not dare to cling to yourself Because of letting go, this person is liberated and while he is liberated, he knows that he has been liberated and understands: all rebirths have ended, virtuous life has been taken. satisfied, what needs to be done has been completed, not returning to this state or that state anymore ". 

And also in this aggregate ( Khandha Vagga ), the 102 articles are recorded as follows:

"Because of the awareness of impermanence, many Bhikkhu-Khưu develop and regularly practice, ending all Sexual-Sexual craving, ending all craving and clinging to Sac-Gioi and ending all craving clings to the Unsurprisingly-Gender, ending all delusion, ending and eliminating all self-believing that "this is Me".

"Just like in the fall, farmers plow deeply, cut off the roots to destroy weeds, in the same way, this monk-Khưu, aware of impermanence, development and regular practice, will end craving ..., stop and eliminate all delusion, end and eliminate all self-sufficiency that "this is Me".

In the two suttas on Germany, Buddha taught that because he is not aware of the true nature of all beings, it is impermanent, so the person who loves to accept this body, along with feelings, perceptions, spiritual activities and other - Enjoy yourself. Because of being obscured by ignorance, we are self-assimilated with the five aggregates, accepting that the ignorance is one, we are the five-aggregates. Because delusion is covered like a thick layer of haze, we can see real fiction, seeing that it is assumed that it is stable and that it is temporary and permanent. Therefore, we insist on this is "I", this is "My". Therefore:

"When the so-called" I "fall in love, all love. When the" I "is dissatisfied with the non-favorite, all hate, anger or hatred. fail, all suffering, sorrow, sorrow, remorse and deep despair, can lead to death or death for others.When the "I" is in danger, all are scared. When the "I" is confined to narrow selfishness, all are divided, jealous, craving, ambitious When the "I" is exaggerated, self-righteous, proud, all self-arrogant falls ".

Also in the above sutta, the section "The Bhikkhu-Khưu develops" means the development of the meditation work and the "regular practice" section is the perseverance of practicing the Four-Mindfulness-Origin law.

The diligent person reciting body, mind, mind and mindfulness will attain the essence of the so-called "I" ie the Body, Life, Mind and the vast world surrounding the "I" ie Dharma. He will see that it cannot be said of anything in this world that this "exists", because it is while saying it exists that it has changed, has become something else.Such meditators will realize that all of this temporary and temporary worldly things are like: "Morning dew, glistening on the head, grass and soon disappear when the sunbeams dawn begins to shine down, like a bubble of water, like a brick on the water, like a mustard seed on the tip of a needle, like a flash in a dark night, like a bubble, like a vision, like a dream .. . "

At that time the practitioner broke, no longer accepting the "Self" anymore, went beyond it, did not love, did not Buddha heart, did not attend nor pitch, but universal harmony with the whole, from- compassionlessness, infinite joy. At that time the practitioner escaped from all forms of craving, oil craving clinging to Education-Gender, Sac-Precepts or Unsurprising-Gender, proceeding to the Paths and the Fruits of the Holy floors and finally to the liberating completely from all suffering, from the cycle of reincarnation, no longer being reborn again.

Impermanence is the real essence of all dharmas, which is the nature of all things and thus associated with all lifetimes.

Without an ordinary, there is no improvement. But if the law of infinity-to-transform me from good to bad, from clean to defilement, it is very bad from clear to delusion.

The dharma teaches us diligently, diligently diligently, diligently diligently, constantly strives to take advantage of the non-ordinary nature to wash the stains in the mind, make it pure, to transform from evil come to good, from the darkness of ignorance to the Light of Truth, from delusion to enlightenment. The Dharma teaches us to be attentive and righteous and constantly meditate on the constant and changing nature of tenure.

That is the key that will help us to unleash the earthly door to escape the vicious circle of all life and glory and glory to Chau Toan, President of the Nine Schools - Nirvana. END=NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.28/5/2019.