Introducing  Sutra Tap  .VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.

Sutta Nipatà episode is the fifth sutra, in the 15 sutras of Khuddaka Nipàta  Ministry, the Minor of the Sutra . The Ministry of  the Ministry of Business  consists of  15 scriptures: 

Khuddakapatha ( Elementary Litigation  Business),  
Dhammapada ( Dhammapada ),  
Udana ( Buddhist Self Theory Economics ,  Inspiration Language),  
Itivuttaka ( Nhu Thi Ngu Kinh ,  Buddhist Theory As Well ),  
Vimanavatthu ( Heavenly Palace The  Beijing),  
Petavatthu ( preta the  Beijing),  
Theragatha ( Presbyterian Increase Shelf ),  
Therigatha ( Theri ),  
Jataka (Jataka),  
Mahaniddesa ( Dai Nghia  Meters),  
Culaniddesa (Elementary  Nghia Meters ),  
Patisambhidamagga (
Awakening of Religion ),  Apadàna ( For example ),  
Buddhavamsa ( Buddha History ) and  
Cariyàpitaka (Tieu  Nghia Kinh ,  Hanh Hanh Department ). 

According to another classification,  Vinaya and  Abhidharma  and all the sutras have not been collected into the four main Nikas,  forming the  Minor of the Sutra . The  life of the  School Ministry of Economics  does not accept  the business of Khuddakapàtha, Cariyàpitaka and Apadàna, and classify the other sutras into the  Abhidharma . The  disciples of the  Central Vietnam  did not accept  the episode of Khuddakapàtha, but  accepted  the remaining sutras and classified them into the  Sutra Pitaka . According  to  Burmese tradition , 4 other episodes are  added , such as Milindapanha, Suttasamgaha, Petakopadesa and Nettipakarana.

Beijing Tap  This  consists  of 5 chapters: 

Chapter I, Snake Products (Uragavagga)  consists of  12 sutras; 
Chapter II, The  minor item  consists of  14 sutras. 
Chapter III,  Dai Pham  consists of  12 sutras; 
Chapter IV, Product Eight  includes  16 sutras; and  
Chapter V, Product on the  Road  to the Side of Kia ,  including  17 all sutras. 

The sum of these sutras has 5 Chapters and 71  sutras .

In particular  , this volume consists of sutras that can be considered the oldest, oldest, meaning the closest to the  Buddha's  time. We  rely on  a number of  factors  to  confirm the  nature of true  original  of this Suttanipàta Ministry, both  sides  kept  and content.

Firstly, Volume Suttanipàta written in  an  office Pali oldest and  ancient  most,  comparable  with the literary genre  we  often encounter in the Ministry of Digha Nikaya ( Digha ), Majjh ( Central ), Samyutta Nikaya ( Mutual Ung Bộ ), Anguttara Nikàya ( Sang Chi Bo ). Many texts close to Vedà ( Vedic ) are  found  very much in this volume, but are not  found  in other volumes, such as nouns and plural verbs :  sitàse, upatthitàse, caramàse . Pluralistic  usage  and master  formsa singular way of some nouns such as  vinicchayà  for  vinicchayàni ,  lakkhana  for lakkhanàni ,  mantas for  mantas . Also ,  we  often encounter the Veda as archetypal  vippahatane, sampayatave, unnametave  very  rarely  be  found  in other business files. Sometimes  we  see some nouns  especially  as word  datthu  stead  disva ,  atisitva  stead  atikkamiva ,  maga  stead MIGA ,  tummo  stead than  etc .. The list is very close to the sound from  the Vedic  not  found  in the  sutras  other. Thus, it is  proved that  Suttanipàta was written in  the earliest period of   Pali language , not yet   fluently polished , many melodies like   Pali languagelater. The  ancient value  of  the  Pali language in this volume  evaluates theoriginal  nature   of the Suttanipàta episode.

Another  element  that helps  us to  know  the  ancient value  of this volume is that some of the episodes of this volume are  found in other  sutras  , and  demonstrate that  other suttas have collected some of the existing  suttanipàta suttas  . For example, Sutra Seta (Sn. 548-573) is  found  in Majjhima Nikàya Mi 146; Andsettha (Sn. 594-656) is  found  also in Majjhima Nikàya M.ii. 196.

In addition , the book Suttanipàta has recorded several stages  in the life  of finding and  studying the religion  of  the Prince , these stories are very simple and rustic, without  intermingling with  miraculous  magic with   real single images .  pristine  and beautiful.

The Sutra Sutra  (Sn. 405-424)  describes  the encounter between  the Prince and King Bimbisàra, when  the Prince  has just  left home . King Bimbisàra stood upstairs looking down to see  the Prince  going to beg for  alms .

"The Venerable Vase saw Him,  
Standing on the terrace of the upper floor  
Seeing all the good generals,  
He said this." (409)

After sending the  messenger  to follow him  to find the  Prince , King Bimbisàra immediately went to see  the Prince  and said:

"His youth  youthful ,  
naive, entered his life,  
Cao beautiful  fullness ,  
Compassion born  stream  Sat dysentery ...  
assets  that I give you.  
Please enjoy and  answered ." (420-421)

And  the prince  definitely  answered  :

"Their voices under  the sun 
Sanh clan is  Shakyamuni ,  
Abandoning  clan  did,  
Sir king I  left home .  
I have no attachment, and  
for  all kinds of  sex,  
Seeing danger in education,  
Leaving them, is  peace ;  
I will go,  diligently ,  
I will be  happy . " (423-424)

The  next Sutra   speaks of the  temptation  of  Evil . When  Prince  sat under  the Bodhi tree  cultivation ,  Devil approaching , said  a rising tone  from introspection:

"You are sick, not sharp. Your  
house is  almost dead  , A  
thousand parts, you die;  
Only a part is alive.  
Live, live  better ,  
Will do  merit ." (426-427)

Crown Prince  answered  slowly, but no less  energetic  :

"Farmers are evil  distractions ,  
you come here?  
With  merit  little,  
I did not need to!  
These faithful,  diligent ,  
and I have  wisdom ,  
So I  diligently 
Why do you ask me to live." (431-432)

And the  Crown Prince  said his  determination to  fight:

"Oh, this Ma Nu Ci!  
This is the Army,  
this army of battle  
of the variety they Kanha,  
Ke shy, not win you  
who wins you get lost.  
I brought grass munja  
Firmly replace,  deserved  to live  
Better I die battle  
Better to  live failure. " (439-440)

And in the  end , the  Devil  lost to the Prince 's courage   and just left and complained:

"Seven years we followed the  
foot according to  The Religion ,  
Not finding the  error 
Saying  That Respectful  mindfulness ,  
As crows fly  around ,  
The rock is like a pile of fat."  
"Maybe there's something soft?  
Maybe there's something sweet? Ca  
n't find the sweet taste  
Raven from there fly!  
Like a crow to slap a stone  
I leave Gotama." (446-448)

The  third story is about  hermit  Asita ( A Tu Da ) guessing the general for  the prince . Asita found the  gods  happy and asked the  reason . The gods  replied:

"In the land of  Lumbini 
In the village of  Shakyamuni ,  
there being you  Bodhisattva 
Treasure  supreme ,  irrational .  
He was born, brought  peace and  
happiness  to  mankind ,  
therefore  we  celebrate  
Tam  extremely  happy .  
He,  them being  supreme 
him,  man  supreme ,  
Tier  Taurus United  humans  
Patriarch of the  people being kind.  
He will be  turning Falun ,  
In the forest  hermit, To  
roar the  lion , the  
mighty, the animal photographer. "(683-684)

Master  Asita  rushed  to Kapilavatthu to  see the  Prince .

"After seeing  the Prince ,  
Dazzling bright  as flame,  
Pure  as Sao ox  
Operating  middle  of nowhere 
shining like  the sun 
Between heaven computer opponent  
Hermit  heart  rejoice 
Be  blissful  vast." (687)

When I saw  the Prince  shining  like  the sun , when I thought about the  prospect of the  Dharma  being  proclaimed , thinking of my old age,  A Tu Da  cried.

"When he thinks   of 
Fate of himself,  
Fate is  not  good ,  
he falls into tears" ... (691)

Before the  worries  of the  Shakyamuni , the  hermit  A Tu Da  released the  concern :

"Seeing  it Liked  worry 
Area  hermit  answered :  
I do not see  misfortune 
happened to  Prince 
For ( Prince ) did,  
Obstacle  will not have.  
He is not  inferior ,  
let no  worry  whatsoever.  
Prince  this will witness  
ultimate  outcome  Banyon ,  
I'll be  turning the wheel of 
Seeing  pure supreme 
since  kindness  mercy ,  
Because  happy  people,  
And  life Holy 
Being  spread  widely  
life span  us in life  
And does not how much  
the mid  life  Him,  
I will be  shared destiny .  
I will not  hear the French 
Tier  ardent  irrational 
Therefore, we  sorrow ,  
misfortune  and suffering. "(692-694)

Factors  Wednesday  confirmed  the  ancient  of  Business Class  are some sentences, some examples, some  images are  described , has  become  the question  proverbial  folk.

The big sea is  silent . The water gap is noisy. What is empty? What is full is quiet. These examples show  us  that those who are less  knowledgeable  are   more talkative , those who are  knowledgeable  are often  silent  like the following two verses:

"Learn the waters,  
From the ravine of the abyss  
The ravine of  
the Big Sea is full  of silence ." (720)

"The empty thing screams loudly,  
What is full,  silent ,  
Stupid like a fool with the  Tri Tri country 
." (721)

For those who  speak , painting will produce itself, like the clever verse  described below:

"The  human being  is born,  
Born with a hammer in his mouth,  
Foolish when he talks wrongly,  
He cuts himself off." (657)

The  following image , seemingly satirical, refers to the flock of ravens that see the stone as a piece of fat, coming to surgery to find something sweet, and when it is done,  I  mistakenly flew away. The satirical  evil  verse  follows  the Buddha  to find an opportunity to harm him, and  ultimately  harm him should not be discarded.

"Like crows flying  around the 
Rock like a pile of fat.  
" Can there be something soft? "  
" Maybe something sweet? "(447)

"Can't find anything sweet  Crows 
from there fly  
like Crow crows a stone  
I leave Gotama." (448)

Another verse that speaks of the waves of the sea that is not born in the middle of  the ocean , tells  us  ,  the liberated person is always  calm and  quiet, like  the following verse :

"As the center  
of the ocean of  the ocean and the  
sea ​​waves has no birth, the  
sea ​​is  completely  standing still.  
Similarly, the  male monk ,  
standing still does not  move. 
There is no  
impatience. (920)

Buddha  advised the people  ordained , should live separately  alone  diligent practice , like rhinoceros unicorn, living  alone  in the woods.

"Due to the close  communication  
Cordially  from there being,  
depending upon  according  cordially ,  
suffering can be born.  
Seeing the danger,  
therefore  cordially  arise ,  
Live your own  Alone 
As a horned ox numb". (36)

"Like deer in the  mountain forest 
Nothing is  tied ,  
Go where it wants to  
To  find  food ,  
As the sages  
See  liberation  free ,  
Live  alone 
As rhino a horn." (37)

When  the Buddha  preached and  introduced  his new religion, he was confronted by two   very powerful social systems  that were now reigning over  Indian society  , ie the  sacrament  organization and the Brahmin organization  . Each  system has a number  of patriarchs  who lead with the  congregation , with the doctrine, with  the wrong practice method  and many times  contradictory  . The Buddha boldly  eliminated  what he saw as an obstacle for  enlightened people   and  liberation , and himself outlined a  path  refreshing  especially  his.

First of all,  the Buddha  did not accept  to receive  life  who  practice  but also predict the number, guess dreams,  divination , eat the food by  shelves proceedings  brought:

"I have no  use of the 
food from the  shelf ,  
O  Brahmin ,  
This is not the dharma,  
Of the wise people.  
The Buddhas  give up ,  
Singing the  verses ." (480)

"Do not use talismans,  
Anthava Vedà, Do  
not hold a dream guess,  
Coi minister and  see ,  
Hope that my  disciples  ,  
Do not guess the beast calling  
No healing,  
not  practicing  charlatan." (927)

Buddha  also  did not accept good  wishes  . The  gods  asked  the Buddha  how to be  good  (Mangalam),  the Buddha  answered  with 48 good deeds, because only good deeds are the  supreme auspiciousness  , as the Sutra Sutta has skillfully  described  :

"Not close fools  
As wise close,  
pay homage to the  people worth ceremony  
is  an auspicious  supreme ." (259)

"Learning a lot of good careers,  
Distraught training, learning  
Saying clever words.  
Is the  ultimate omen  ." (261)

"Mom and Dad Hieu support  
Nourish  wife and children  
do not craft  a problem ,  
is  auspicious  supreme ." (262)

"Giving, righteous practice,  
Caring  for  relatives ,  
Doing karma, no  mistake ,  
The  ultimate omen  ." (263)

"Stop,  abandon  evil,  
Tame  passionate about  wine,  
in  legal no  distractions ,  
is  auspicious  supreme ." (264)

"Homage and  humility 
Know enough and  grateful 
Right time, hearing  the Dharma 
is the  ultimate omen  ." (265)

Thus,  the Buddha  rejected  the  belief  in  auspicious  and encouraged to do  good deeds , because  good virtues  are the  ultimate good omen  .

One step further,  the Buddha  did not accept  to receive  views  of the  Brahmins,  believe  in the theory of life  birth and death  for themselves as  the class should  respect the  most, because born from the mouth  of Brahma  , and thus the  class  Sat The seat of the imperial capital,  the Palace  and the  Prime Minister  must  respect  the service of  the  Brahmin class . The Buddha  opposed this  viewpoint of  life and  declared  that it was only due to the new act of  value assessment people , whether  people  are worthy of  respect  .

"Can not because of birth.  
Pham Chi  no because of birth,  
Do Hanh, into ignorance,  
Do to  Pham Chi ." (136)

"Not by birth (*)  
Called  Brahman  !  
Not by birth,  
Call  Brahmin 
Due to the action,  
Called  Brahman 
Because of the action  
Calling  Brahmin ." ( Central Vietnam )

(*) birth: birth

Taking one more step,  the Buddha  rejected  the  treatises , the philosophies, because they could not bring  people  to  liberation ,  calm . Has 63  theory prevalent  in the  Buddha  and  Buddha  will  reject  them, because they only cause more  debate  :

"These  recluses  debate ,  
there were 63 presentations,  
The  Discourse  letter 
Y here, the great start." (538)

"Who is fond resident,  
See that is  supreme 
in his life is placed  
In  position  supreme ,  
He said all,  
who else is  inferior ,  
therefore not beyond  
the  debate  in my life." (796)

"Those who want  to argue 
After going to the  congregation ,  
They  attack  each other,  
They call each other stupid.  
That makes it  tribute. 
It's also the land that hurts it,  
yet it still says the  
words of  high  pride ." (830)

"It is not from the  knowledge of the 
Word of the word  , the  word of mind.
Not from  the forbidden world ,  
Pureness  is brought." (839)

"You had  fanaticism ,  
Did not bring to  purity 
Because there was a  bias ,  
With the  knowledge of  action ." (910)

After  rejecting  superstition ,  wrong view ,  tradition ,  good omen ,  theories , sacrifices, fire, etc.  The Buddha  himself  built  his path  of liberation and  enlightenment  . And set Suttanipàta collectibles for  we  see, the  poem describes  the Buddha , differences with the  pagan  monk  current  like.

First of all, He is the eye of the eye, cakkhumantu, whose dharma eyes   clearly see all:

"Real Buddha has eyes  
For all dharma. (161)

"Tier-eyed  appearance 
this life and  heaven  
Wipe out  all  overcast ,  
Single Residential , witness  peace ." (956)

"He is the same  Chief Justice 
, I am  Brahmin ,  
The step has eyes to see  
In all the dharma." (992)

Buddha  is have a look  lucid , a  knowledgeable  insight , see  suffering  in  the master  theory,  refuse  to receive any doctrine, find the  truth , he saw the  calm interior .

"For I do not have to say!  
We say like this,  
after  observing  carefully  
the  attachment  in law  
in all  knowledge .  
I do not have  attachments ,  
I see the stored  
tranquility  in the  interior ." (837)

"Who has cut off the  birth ,  
No more sowing,  
Sanh possesses  the end,  
No longer wants to be born,  
Called the  hermit  
Alone to  go  silent ,  
The  hermit  has seen the  
path  of pure impurity  ." (208)

The life of  the Buddha  introduced  is a  life  of a  hermit , a  niem , a person who  renounces  his family  without a family , does not have any stay.

"Intimate, born  fearful ,  Residing in the 
dusty birth of  
no stay, no body  
Image  of  hermit ." (207)

A person who has  admired craving  and  craving , does not let  love  dominate .

"He lived  renunciation 
Everything in life ...  
As  showers  prickly,  
born in the country,  
not being water and mud  
default and wet body,  
thus rank  hermit 
Talking  peace , not greed,  
not sex and life,  
sticky and wet. " (845)

A  hermit  has  no shortage , no  knowledge , no  wrong view ,  abandons  the doctrine and has no  argument  with anyone in life.

"It is for him,  
Falling,  not falling  ,  
he has been cleaned,  
All  wrong views  in life." (787)

"Some people say that  
this is  the truth ,"  
said the others. "They are  
empty and not  false .  
Because of   such attachment ,  
they  argue to  fight,  
Why the  Monk .  
Don't  say a word ." (88)

"Residing in mind,  mindfulness ,   
Do not think of yourself as a person.  
More than a person   who is inferior to him,  
does not hold on." (855)

Live  life  renunciation , not craving anything, the  hermit  lived  life  very useful , there is no "I"; no "mine",  practicing  virtues  of selflessness  in a  nice .

"He does not have children,  
Animals , fields,  property ,  
Nothing to hold,  
I am, not me." (858)

"Who does not have anything,  
No, not  melancholy ,  
Do not go to the dharma  
He calls  peace ." (861)

"Don't think:" Here is my "  
Don't think:" here of the person "  
He has no self  
No sorrow does not fall." (951)

Thanks to  practice  selflessness , the  hermit  went to  peace  in the  interior :

"Keep  peace" 
From the inner side  ,   
There is no self,  
From where there is no self! (919)

And the  final destination  of  the  spiritual path , for the  hermit  is "Nirvana, the pure mind".

"From giving up  greed ,  
This is  an  intellectual stilts ,  
The  immortal death of  President ,  
Nirvana world , permanent residence!" (204)

Another son is worth noting that this episode has a number of very  popular , and  monks  countries  Theravada  recite  frequently  as economic Ratanasutta ( Jingzhou  Treasure), economic Mangalasutta (economic  omen ) and economic Mettasutta ( compassionate business ). Also  there are many  texts  concise,  considerate  implicit,  praising  happy  hermit  as  prominent  characteristics  of this business are  extolled  in  the life  of your  monastic  aspirant, as of Snakes, Business Area hermit , economic Rahula, Dhammika, Nàlaka, Paràbhida, Tuvataka, Sutta Attadanda, Sāriputta. The majority of this business to mention happy  hermit , and thus  highlights  the context  tranquility practice  which  Business Class  is featured in a  special . END=NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.17/5/2019.