1. The Buddha's life.

To this day, it is agreed that the Buddha was born on the full moon night of the lunar month of 623 BCE, in the garden of Lumbini, the suburb of Kapilavatthu, near the Indian border today [1, 9]. His father is King Suddhodana and his mother is Queen Maha Maya. He belonged to the Sakya, Gotama, and was named Siddhatta (Siddhartha), meaning Yiddish. At the age of 16, he married a princess named Yasodhara (Yasodhara) and had a son named Rahula.

At the age of 29, he left the palace, crossing the Anoma River (a branch of the upper Gange River, Hiếu Hà), learning the religion, living a monk's life. After 6 years of study with many famous masters at that time with many different disciplines, he still felt many obstacles, and still could not find the path of ultimate liberation.

Finally, he decided not to depend on a teacher, a disciple. Abstinence from the ascetic practice, he began returning to recover his health, and meditated under the tree assatha (ficus religiosa), later called the bodhi (bodhi), in the Gaya region - today is called Bodhgaya, Bodh Gaya, on the banks of the Neranjara River.

He concentrates his efforts in the same way that he does not rot. "Even if only the skin, the tendons and bones, the blood and the flesh have dried up and gone, we will not move this place until the fullness of samma- sambodhi) "[9]. On the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month in 588 BC, he entered into meditation, mindfulness of breath and mindfulness, dwelling on the four jhana levels, and reminiscing his previous lives. At the end of the soup one night, he attained the wisdom " network intelligence ". Later, he was thoroughly aware of the cause of the birth of all beings, the law of karmic effect, and at the end of two, he attained " heavenly eye ". Later, he thoroughly understood the cessation of the smuggled or, cessation of suffering, suffering, cessation, and the way to kill suffering (Four Noble Truths), and attain "

Ignorance is full of wisdom, he thoroughly understood the truth and enlightenment, became a Samma Sambuđho, and is considered as having entered the Nibbana Nibbana Dhatu, That means that the state of mind is completely free, but the body still exists. He was 35 years old.

Since then, during 45 years, he has been teaching the path of liberation, his discipleship, his followers, and sangha (Sangha). His mission is in northeastern India, bordering Nepal, along the tributaries of the Gange River.

He is often referred to as the Buddha Gotama. The word "Buddha" is the shortened word of "Buddha's Da", transcribed from the Sanskrit word "Buddha" - popular people in Vietnam where there is a place called Mr. Buddha - meaning the enlightened (Enlightened). In the recorded books, he often called himself Tagatatha (Tathagata). He has many disciples from the nations of the region, including all members of society, ages, men and women, and from many different religions. During that time, many disciples have attained liberation as He. According to Theravada Buddhism, they attained Arahantship, a liberation of the Buddha.

The Buddha died in 543 BC, at the age of 80, in the woods near Sala Kusinara (Cau Thi La). That night, after entering and exiting the eight stages of meditation, he entered the Anupadisera Nibbana Dhatu - or Maha Parinibbana - that is, Nirvana with the body without living seed. in the world. It was the last soup of the full moon of April. His last teaching is:

" Behold, the bhikkhus, I now advise you: all conditioned things are impermanent, diligent, do not have the liberty " [3, 10].

2. Buddhist Scriptures

After 45 years of teaching, the Buddha has left a valuable treasure of many sermons (Sutta), commonly referred to as "eighty four thousand" disciplines, on many occasions teaching to the disciples. The development and expansion of the Sangha, He set out many rules to facilitate the practice (Vinaya, About). There are also other special sermons that are later incorporated into the Abhidhamma.

2.1 Initial Set Up

Three months after the Buddha's death, a congregation of monks (Bhikkhu) was organized, now called the Sangha I, in the hilly area of ​​Rajagaha. The purpose is to combine the suttas and the rules into a tighter system [4]. Presiding over the Law is the Upali Bhikkhu, and is the head of the Ananda Bhikkhu (Ananda), who is close to the Buddha and therefore has the most opportunity to hear and memorize the texts. His words. The congress consists of about 500 monks reviewing the precepts and sermons, arranged into two major groups: the Vinaya and the Pitaka. Through the collections at that time, the Sutra Pitaka was divided into four main departments: the School, the Middle, the Synch, and the Sangha.

2.2 Second Set

In 45 years of spreading the Dharma, the Buddha went to many places, preaching to many people and admitting many disciples. His disciples were scattered everywhere, unable to attend the first Congress. Thus, some of the sermons and precepts ordained by the Buddha were not convened at the Congress.

So about 100 years later, in 383 BC, a classic assembly was convened, at the request of the Sangha to become Vesali and Vajji. After this gathering, the Vinaya was expanded with the precepts that the delegates said were not convened during the First Congress, and some of the other suttas have not been assembled, forming a set of sutras 5 of the Pitaka (Sub-Ministry).

After this gathering, the Vinaya Pitaka and the Vinaya Pit appear to have taken shape, and the teachings are probably similar to the sermons we have received in the Tripitaka.

2.3 Third Coalition

One hundred and thirty years later, in 253 BC, Asoka (India) convened the Third Congress. The ministry of the Sutta is expanded and composed more suttas. Most importantly, the Congress summarized the teachings on the psychology, spirituality, physicality and generality of all phenomena, making the Abhidhamma, the Abhidhamma, the Abhidhamma.

2.4 Making the 4th Session

Around the year 20 BC, 500 years after the Buddha's death, Vattagamani of Sri Lanka convened the Fourth Sangha at Aluhivihara - near present-day Kandy, [1] the Sutra, the Law, and the Sutra. In order to preserve the teachings of the Buddha, even though they have been assembled, but only in the past 500 years, the three sutras have been rewritten on a dried-up paper [4, 10]. Since then the Pali Tripitaka was formed, and no other change.

In recent times, Burma has held two gathering sessions: the fifth, 1870, and the sixth, in 1954. However, these summaries are only to clarify the main points in but no change in the Tripitaka [5].

3. The Tripitaka

"Tibet" or "Hidden" is a basket containing, Pali language called Pitaka. In the past, large temples often had a library called "Kinh Kinh The" to store precious chansons. The Tipitaka, the Three Baskets, includes the Vinaya Pitaka, the Sutta Pitaka, and the Abhidhamma Pitaka. The following is a summary of these organs:

3.1 Vinaya Pitaka

This includes rules and rituals for monks (Bhikkhu, Bhikkhu) and nuns (Bhikkhuni, Bhikkhuni), ways of joining the Sangha, dealing in cases of breaking rules, etc. This is usually divided into five categories: Parajika, Pacittiya, Mahavagga, Cullavagga, and Parivara [1, 7] .

3.2 Sutta Pitaka

It consists of five main Nikas: the Digha Nikaya, the Majjhima Nikaya, the Samyutta Nikaya, the Anguttara Nikaya, and the Khuddaka Nikaya. In the Sanskrit (Sanskrit) system, these five sets are known as five sets of Agamas. However, the original Acts of the Siddhartha were lost, but only the Sanskrit translations from various origins and generations.

The  Sutta is a collection of 34 suttas, translated into Vietnamese, including the two most popular books, the Maha Parinibanna Sutta and the Maha Satipattana Sutta. ). In addition to the sermons of the Buddha, this ministry also contains the teachings of Venerable Sariputta, the leading disciple of preaching and eloquence, and other famous disciples.

The Central  consists of 152 sutras arranged in 15 items, according to each theme. This business is very popular among Buddhists who use English. English translations have been revised many times, and the latest edition has been published by the Buddhist Association of Sri Lanka in 1995. Important suttas are often associated with Satipattana Sutta. the Samaditthi, the Kakacupama, the Ariyaparyesana, the Mahathatipipoppopam, the Culasunnata, the Anapanasati, etc. This is the most important sutra, including the essential sermon on the path of practice, the practice of the Buddha's teachings.

The Contemplation  consists of 2,889 short texts, divided into 5 chapters and 56 articles. This is a collection of texts with the same theme of a discussion point, or of a certain character in the Buddha's time. There are important lectures on 12 karmic conditions and about 37 parts of bodhi (37 counterparts).

Chi Chi  is a set of rules based on arithmetic arrangements, from topics related to 1 element, 1 element, gradually up to the subject has 11 elements or elements. Thus, the sutra is divided into 11 chapters, including 2,308 suttas.

The Ministry is  actually not a small book, but a set of 15 small books:

1. Sub-Collection (Sub-Class), Khuddaka Patha
2. The Dhammapada
3. Self-Discipline, Udana
4. As the Buddha (Such Theory), Itivuttaka
5. Sutta Nipata
6. The Prophet, Vimana Vatthu
7. The Devil, Peta Vatthu
8. Presbyterian Sangha, Theragatha
9. Presbyterian Nurse, Therigatha
10. Birth, Jataka
11. Meaning, Niddesa
12. Imprisonment, Patisambhida
13. For example, Apadana
14. Buddhavamsa
15. The Tripitaka, Cariya Pitaka

3.3 Abhidhamma Pitaka

This is a collection of lectures of the Buddha on the nature and the general of all things, the resolution of philosophy and psychology. The commentary consists of seven books: Dhammasangani, Vibhanga, Dhatukatha, Puggala Pannatti, Kathavathu, and Yamaka. Patthana).

4. Tibetan Vietnamese

Although Buddhism is a great religion in Vietnam and has been present in our country for over 18 centuries, so far we have not had a complete Tripitaka in Vietnamese. This has been documented since the early 1950s, which for the last 40 years has not been completed. In fact, translations into Chinese scripts from the Sanskrit suttas began in the 1930s with a number of celebrities and scholars in the Buddhist revival movements and the revival of Buddhism. END=NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.28/7/2018.