LOP DAY HOC CHO PHAT TU TAI GIA CUA QUY THAY VA QUY SU CO DAY HOC

(Samgha)

The word " Rising " is a Pali pronunciation from "Saṃgha" .

Saṃgha : Monks mean mass .

In the sentence: Bhagavato sāvakasaṃgho : Monks are the Buddha's disciple.

Or the compound word: Bhikkhusaṃgha: Bhikkhus Sangha,

Samgha: Monks

Monks have 2 classes:

- Holy Monks: Ariyasaṃgha

- Bhikkhu Sangha: Puthujjanasaṃgha

What is called the Sangha?

Bhikkhu Sangha is the disciple of the Buddha, you have listened to the Dharma of the Buddha, then follow the practice of meditation leads to the realization of the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Truth - Nirvana, become a saint. Therefore, the call is Gods Increase (Ariyasamgha) .

Sacred monks have 4 pairs, into 8 levels according to Super mind three.

The Holy Monk has 4 pairs

Sacred Heart → Enlightened Fruit :

Save the Elderly → Save the Result

The Most Holy Way → The Most Blessed Fruit

Hybrid Hybrid → Inverted Consciousness

Arahán Holy → Arahán the Fruit

8 st

4 Noble Paths and 4 Fruits:

Career in Save Noble
Career Noble Reload
Career Real Lai Noble
Career Noble Arahan

Career in Save St. Fruit
Career Best Sacred Performance Hybrid
Tier Real back the result
ranks Arahan Holy Fruit

Four Noble People

In Buddhism, monks according to the character has four degrees:

Noble in Save
saint Nhat Lai
saint Any Mixed
saint Arahan

Being a Buddha in the Dharma, one must have two conditions:

- Previous past lives, the practitioner has created 10 complete paranormal dharma.

- In present life, he has the grace to meet Buddha Buddha, or meet the Buddha's disciple of the Buddha, faith in the Three Jewels, listening to the Buddha's Dharma, Then conduct the practice of insight meditation, leading to realization of the Four Noble Truths, attain the Noble Truth of the Four Noble Truths and the Nirvana, According to the sequential order from the highest level to the highest level, the Most High to the highest Arahant is as follows:

Human intellectuals, intellectual wisdom arise arising, clearly know the birth, the destruction of nama, rupa; Wisdom of wisdom, see the state of impermanence, the state of suffering, the state of the not-self of the nama, rupa, leading to the realization of the truth of the Four Noble Truths. and Nirvana, defilement kill rupture is wrong and cynical, become Career sotapanna , is the first saint in Buddhism.

The Master of Divine Continuity continues to carry out insight meditation, intellectual insight arises clearly, know the birth, the destruction of nama, rupa; the wisdom of seeing wisdom, knowing the state of impermanence, the state of suffering, the unconditioned state of nama, rupa, leading to the realization of the Four Noble Truths, attained the Noble Truth - and Nirvana, eliminating the suffering of the raw field, became the Holy One , is the second saint in Buddhism.

The monk Hyun Lai continued to carry out insight meditation, intellectual wisdom arising, clearly know the birth, the destruction of nama, rupa; the wisdom of insight, the state of suffering, the state of selflessness of the nama, the material form, leading to the realization of the Four Noble Truths, the attainment of the Noble Truths - and Nirvana, to eliminate the subtle affliction of the subtle type, became the No Lai , is the third Noble in Buddhism.

The deity of No Lai continues to practice insight meditation, intellectual insight arises clearly, know the birth, the destruction of nama, rupa; the wisdom of seeing wisdom, knowing the state of impermanence, the state of suffering, the unconditioned state of nama, rupa, leading to the realization of the Four Noble Truths, attained the Arahán the Noble Path and Arahant Table, kill the rest are all the negativity is greed, si, conceited, disoriented, sleepy, do not know the shame of sin, do not know horrible sin; all covetousness, no residual deceit, become the holy Arahán , the noble fourth noble in Buddhism.

The fruits of the noble

According to nature, all sentient beings are mortal beings, and craving is the birth of samsara in the three worlds of four from endless to infinite. But the holy people have eliminated the sorrows, craving, then the death of samsara in the three worlds is limited according to each of the Saints.

1. The Fruit of the Holy Class Entered

Noble in Save the saint was killed rupture is 4 greed of wrong and delusion of skepticism, since the present life to Futurism, 4 greed of wrong and delusion of skepticism permanently no longer in the mind of the saint Entered again. The Master Entrusted completely freed from wrong view and doubt in the present and future birth and completely free the scene of rebirth in the four realms of evil: hell, atula, ghost, animal.

* There are three classes

- Sattakkhattuparamasotapanna : Noble in Save with 5 Initiatives [1] capability weak, also to born as a human or celestial gods most sensuous 7 more lives. In the seventh birth, you will surely attain the Arahan of the Noble Eightfold Path and Nirvana, becoming the Arahant, and then ending Nirvana, ending the samsara in the Three Realms.

- Kolamkolasotapanna : Noble in Save with 5 Initiatives average capacity, should also be reborn as a human or as gods from 2-3-5 lives anymore, can attain Arahan Noble - Arahan achievements and Nirvana Prayer, become a holy Arahán and then Nirvana, end the death of samsara in the three worlds.

- Ekabijisotapanna : Noble in Save with 5 Initiatives strong capacity, should only be reborn as devas 1 person or more lives. In this life, the Arahant attained Arahantship and Nirvana, became the Arahant and condemned Nirvana, ending the rebirth of samsara in the three realms.

* Recruiting Master Save over 7 lives [2]

In exceptional cases, there are seven saints who reincarnate for more than seven lives as follows:

Anāthapiṇḍika
Visakha mahā upāsikā
Devas Cullaratha
Devas Mahāratha
Devas Anekavaṇṇa
Devas Nāgadatta
The Sakka king

Seven Saints in Save this vow, wish to enjoy peace in the heavens from the sensuous to the heavens gender identity brahma summit: Sac salvage disasters (Akanittha), New attained Arahan Noble - Arahan St. Fruition and Nibbana, become a holy Arahant, and then Nirvana, ending the suffering of samsara in the realms of heaven.

2. The fruits of the Holy One

The most holy lord is the holy has destroyed the center of the raw yard. In the present life, the Holy One is no longer suffering due to the mind of the raw yard. The only reincarnation of theHoly Oneagain as a human or divine life again. In the course of this life, he attains the Arahán of the Noble Eightfold Path and Nirvāna, becomes the arahant, and passes away Nirvana, ending the rebirth of samsara.

3. The fruit of the gods

Noble Real Lai saint was passing rupture is greed inappropriate worlds wrong and aversion subtle kind . In the present life, the Enlightenment is no longer suffering because of greed in the realm of sex and mind. The non-reborn Enlightenment is no longer reborn in the realm of sex, only reincarnated into the realm of precepts. If you attain the fourth disciple meditation, will be reborn in the sky of Pure Land.

* There are five classes of the gods

- Antarāparinibbāyī : The deity of the Enlightenment is not half the life of the heavenly realm, it attains the Arahán of the Noble Path and becomes Nirvana. he, the death of samsara in the three worlds.

- Upahaccaparinibbāyī : In the more than half of the celestial sphere of the heavenly realms, the Uprahakaparinibbāyī attains the Arahārah of the Noble Eightfold Path and Nirvāna, becomes the arahant, and declares Nirvāna in that realm. , ending the cycle of birth and death in the three worlds.

- Asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī : The Noble Quran does not need much effort , it also attains the Arahán of the Noble Path and Arahān, and becomes Nirvana. samsara in the three worlds.

- Saṅkhāraparinibbāyī : The Noble Qur'ân should be diligent, to attain the Arahāra of the Noble Path and become Nirvana, to become the Arahān, and to end Nirvāna, at the level of the Sangha, in the three worlds.

- Uddhamsoto akanitthagami : Noble Real Lai at end of life in heaven gender identity lower layer, sequential regeneration heavens gender identity floor, until heaven gender identity Akanittha summit, will attain Arahan Noble - Arahan St. Fruition and Nirvana, become the arahant, and then Nirvana, in the heavenly realmsAkaniṭṭha world , end the birth of samsara in the three worlds.

4. The fruits of arahantship

The deity of the holy Arahant has completely eliminated all craving, all afflictions, all evil left without a remnant. In the present life, the arahant is completely free from suffering due to afflictions, only suffering due to the fruits of karma. In the present life, the arahant until the end of life, will conquer Nirvana, end the death of samsara in the three worlds.

* The Divine Arahán has many classes:

- Arahant Tevijja : The Arahant has Tam Minh: Tuc minh, Thien minh, and Luu minh minh.

- Arahant Chaḷabhiñña : The Arahant has Lucas: the goddess, the pineapple , the mind, the mind, the network and the communication.

- Noble Arahán Catupaṭisambhidappabheda : The Noble One Arahán has the Fourfold Analytical: Analytical, Analytical, Analytic, and Analytic.

- Noble Arahán Ubhatobhāgavimutta : The Noble Arahán is liberated by two practices: Meditation attains the four meditative formless and meditative wisdom attained Arahán Holy Dao - Arahán Holy Result .

- Noble Arahán Paññāvimutta : the Noble Arahán is liberated by the practice of wisdom attained Arahán the Dao - Arahán Holy ...

The Arahants have different intellectual, spiritual powers in the present life; But when the end of life, the death of Nirvana, then the end of the suffering of samsara in the three worlds, there is absolutely no difference anymore.

108 THE BIBLE

In the Ratanasutta , there is a verse beginning with the sentence:

" Y puggalā aṭṭhasataṃ pasatthā... ".

( 108 noble people who praised noble praises ...).

How to calculate 108 degrees of Noble:

The Noble Eightfold Path has four levels, each with two functions [3] into eight levels.

2. Holy Fruit has 4 steps, each saint's kick with 4 practice (patipada) [4] , multiplied by 2 incumbent (dhura) as follows:

Career in Save St. Fruit : 3 Grade 4 practice multiplied, multiplied 2 incumbent into 24 steps in Save St. fruit. (3 x 4 x 2 = 24)

The First Noble Hypocrisy : There are three classes with four practices, multiplied by the two parts into 24 levels of the most fruitive. (3 x 4 x 2 = 24)

Not Enlightenment Fruit : There are five classes with four lower realms of heaven and earth plus 4 levels Non-divine Heaven Realms natural salvation and then multiplied by two functions into 48 degrees Non-Hypocrisy. (5 x 4 + 4) x 2 = 48

Arahantship : There are two classes with two divisions into four levels of holy Arahán. (2 x 2 = 4)

There are four levels of the Noble Eightfold Path and the Four Noble Paths, including: 8 + 24 + 24 + 48 + 4 = 108 Saints.

THURSDAY THAN NAM THANH VAN PRICE

In Buddhism, the holy Thanh Van Giac has three levels:

The Noble Eightfold Path of Wisdom (Pakatisāvaka).
The Supreme Mahatma Gautama (Mahāsāvaka).
Supreme Aggregate of the Agave (Aggasāvaka).

1-How do the Holy Classification of the Gurus ?

Want to become saint Thanh Van Giac economy class, Thanh Van Giac Bodhisattva need to create classes that typically complete 10 law almond three Perfections [5] during the period under 100 thousand aeons. The Bodhisattva has good conditions to the Buddha, or Buddha's Enlightenment Buddha disciples; The Bodhisattva has faith in the Three Jewels, listen to the Dharma, and conduct meditation leads to the realization of the Four Noble Truths, attain the Noble Truth - Enter the Consciousness becomes the highest level of consciousness; The Ultimate Hybrid Hybrid - Most Hypocrites became the Holy Hybrid; attain the Noble Truths - Non-Enlightenment became the gods of non-virtue; Acquaintance Arahán Holy Dao - Arahán Holy Fruit became the arahant. Every Noble One has attained the Noble Path which is entirely dependent on his or her parami power created in previous lives.

Gotama Buddha has a myriad of holy gurus.

2. How the Holy Master Thanh Van Giac?

In order to become the Supreme Enlightened One, the Bodhisattva of the Great Enlightened One must create all 10 dharma dharmas during the 100 thousand lifetime epochs . The bodhisattva certainly has the good luck to Buddha Buddha, the Buddha's Dharma, to meditate to lead to the realization of the Four Noble Truths, attain the four Noble Paths - 4 Result and Nirvana The table became a holy Arahán with the four types of analysis, Luc, and especially virtue of the best in the Thanh Van disciples of the Buddha. It is called the Supreme Thanh Bar Giac.

On the occasion of the Buddha presiding at the Thanh Van Giac festival, the Buddha declared the saint Thanh Van Giac the best virtue in the Thanh Van Giac disciples, according to the wishes of the Holy Qing The Enlightenment, was vowed and was the Buddha's past life in the past.

Gotama Buddha has 80 saints.

3. How Supreme Master Thanh Van Giac?

In order to become the Supreme Supreme Being, the Supreme Bodhisattva must create all 10 dharma dharmas during the period of 1 a-rainy season and 100 thousand left lifetimes. land. The bodhisattva certainly has the grace to the Buddha, Buddha listen to the Dharma of the Buddha, conduct meditation leads to the realization of the Four Noble Truths, attain the four Noble Paths - 4 Fruition and Niet The table became the holy Arahán with the four types of Tue Analysis, Luc ... and especially the virtues, wisdom or the most powerful elders in the Thanh Van Giac disciples.

On the occasion of the Buddha presiding over the congregation of the Sangha, he commended the Supreme Auditorium of the Supreme Patriarch of the Buddha in accordance with the Supreme Patriarch's wishes. vows and was in the past Buddha Buddha Sanh Giac in the past.

Gotama Gotama Supreme Buddha :

- Venerable Sariputta has the best wisdom in the Thanh Van Giac.

- Venerable Maha Māhāmoggallāna has the most excellent divine power in the Thanh Van Giac.

THURSDAY THURSDAY THANH VAN PRESIDENT

In Buddhism, saint Thanh Van Giac has three levels:

The Noble  Eightfold Noble Truth (Pakatisāvikā) .
The  Mahāsāvika Sutta (Mahāsāvika) .
Supreme  Aggregates of Aggregates (Aggasāvikā) .

The young woman vowed to become one of the three sisters Thanh Van Giac, the way to create 10 dharmas and vows like the holy men Thanh Van Giac.

Gotama Buddha has countless saints.

Gotama Buddha is unknown, but it is certain that there are 13 Saint Arahants, each of whom has the most outstanding virtue in the saintly saintly disciples of the Buddha.

Gotama Gotama Supreme Buddha :

- Bhikkhuni Bhikkhu Khemā is the most holy woman Arahant Thanh Van Giac has the best special wisdom in Thanh Van Thanh.

- Bhikkhu Uppalavaṇṇā Bhikkhu is the most sacred Arahant Supreme Thanh Van Giac has the most extraordinary miracle in Thanh Van Giac.

Supreme Master Ching Qing Enlightenment is all by the vow and was the Buddha Siddhartha in the past life.

What is called Bhikkhu Sangha?

Monks are the disciples of the Buddha, you have listened to the Dharma of the Buddha, and then practice the world-defining wisdom, but have not realized the Four Noble Truths, have not attained the Noble Truth - Which is still human, so called monks (Puthujjanasaṃgha) .

Monks have two classes

- Paramatthasaṃgha : Monks are noble Noble.
- Sammutisaṃgha : Monks by the regulations.

How monks are noble?

Monks are the noble Noble, that is, they become High Noble People, they never go down the Low Noble People or the Noble Noble will never degenerate into mortal beings. In fact, only the lesser Saints evolved, attaining the Higher Noble One is the Arahant.

Therefore, the Sangha is the Noble One.

How are monks regulated?

These bhikkhus are accomplished by the monks who perform the ritual to increase their support to bhikkhus. This monk is still human, not holy. Bhikkhus are like the monks and also increase the common with the monks.

This Bhikkhunī Sangha can evolve into Buddhist teachings, practice Buddhist meditation to attain the Noble Eightfold Path and Nirvana as the Noble Truth. Conversely, this bhikkhu group can also degenerate in Buddhism, returning to the lay person's life. Therefore, the Bhikkhu Sangha is different from the Sangha.

HOW TO TALK FROM

In Buddhism, the Buddha has established 8 ways of receiving Bhikkhu Upasampadā .

* For bhikkhus there are 5 ways as follows:

- Ehi Bhikkhupasampadā: Bhikshu by the Buddha called "Ehi Bhikkhu."

- Saraṇagamanūpasampadā: bhikkhu by taking refuge in the Triple Jewel.

- Ovādapaṭiggahaṇūpampampā: receive Bhikkhus by receiving the teachings of the Buddha.

- Pañhābyākaraṇūpasampadā: Taking Bhikkhu by answering the Buddha's question correctly.

- Ñatticatutthakammuppampampā: take bhikkhu by chanting one time Ñatti (Manifestation) and then chant three times Kammavācā (the body language).

* There are three ways for monks:

- Garudhammapaṭiggahaṇūpampampā: take Bhikkhunī ordination by receiving eight factors.

- Dūtenūpasampadā: Take the monkhood through the representative.

- Aṭṭhavācikūpasampadā: Taking bhikkhunī ordination by increasing the morality of monks : Bhikkhunī Sangha first, Bhikkhu Bhikkhu, after each liturgy of Ñatti and three times Kammavācā, became the 8th chanting (aṭṭhavācika).

Explain:

* BHIKKHU UPASAMPADĀ:

The Buddha ordained a monk to become a monk in five ways:

1. Ehi Bhikkhupasampadā how?

The male attainment ( or Taoist, non-religious ) after hearing the Buddha's sermon, generating pure faith in the Buddha, the Dharma, the monk, wanted to become a monk; his approach to the Buddha, prostrate to ask the Buddha to allow the monk. The Buddha used the buddha's mind to look at the past lives of his men, and it is clear that "the one who is approaching him is the one who has complete parami, especially the parable of the three. Every day, he gives eight items of genie (tam y, bowl, waistband, razor, needle and water filter), and makes a vow to become Ehi Bhikkhu. "

Therefore, when the Buddha put his right hand, just by his index finger taught that:

"Ehi Bhikkhu! Svākkhāto dhammo cara brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāya ".

"Come to the Tathagata! I become a Bhikkhu according to the will! Dhamma that Tathagatas preached perfect in the beginning, the middle, the end; You should strive diligently to practice the noble virtue to attain the Arahán the Noble Path, to end the suffering of samsara.

When the Buddha taught immediately, the person who approached him ( or the monk, the monk ) became a bhikkhu, fully equipped with 8 objects of the discipline, achieved by the fruit. The blessing of his (god), bhikkhu has increased the general stately, basal bar, as a Bhikkhu 60 lower.

Thus called the bhikkhuni by calling: Ehi Bhikkhupasampadā.

Venerable Annasi Kondanna is the first life bhikkhus by calling "Ehi Bhikkhu", also the monk first in the teachings of the Buddha Gotama , and subsequent sequential He Vappa, he Bhaddiya, he Mahānāma, and Lord Assaji also took bhikkhus by calling: "Ehi Bhikkhu".

Only the Buddha is able to allow the bhikkhunī ordination by calling "Ehi Bhikkhu" only. In addition, the monks of Thanh Van do not have the power to take bhikkhu in that way.

Buddha Gotama allowed e expectancy bhikkhus world by calling " Ehi Bhikkhu" all include 28,647 monk.

- There are 1,344 in the Vinaya as follows:

Group  Pancavaggi:  5 position
Venerable  Yasa  and friends: 56 position
group  Bhaddavaggi  brothers and friends: 1.030're
Nhi You  Aggasavaka  and student groups: 252 You
Venerable  Angulimala:  1 position

- There are 27,303 as follows:

Brahmans  Sela  and team followers: 301 You
Sultan  Mahakappina  and courtiers: 1,001 You
Minorities into  Kapilavatthu:  10,000 You
Brahmans  Parayanika  and disciple group: 16 001 You

Composed of all 28,647 monks Ehi Bhikkhu.

2-Saraṇagamanuppasampadā how?

The monks of the Sangha (each one of them) travel everywhere to preach the dharma to all sentient beings. If there are any close men who have faith in the Buddha, the Dharma, the Sangha, , the Buddha allowed the monks to increase:

"Anujānamami bhikkhave, cheese cheese saraṇagamanehi pabbajjaokwa upasampadaṃ" [6] .

" Bhikkhus, the Tathagata allows the Sadi to receive bhikkhus by giving refuge to the Three Jewels . "

Sadi Siddhartha must first shave his hair, bearded, and put on his right shoulder, to squat on his right shoulder, squat down, and put his arms around his forehead for refuge in the Three Jewels: "Refuge Buddha, Phap Bao, Refuge Sang Bao, " in Pāḷi , read the teacher as follows:

Buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi.
Dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi.
Saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi.

Dutiyampi, Buddha saraṇaṃ gacchāmi
Dutiyampi, Dhammaṃ Saraṇaṃ gacchāmi
Dutiyampi, Saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi.

Tatiyampi, Buddha saraṇaṃ gacchāmi.
Tatiyampi, Dhhamma sarṇaṃ gacchāmi
Tatiyampi, Saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi.

When the eunuch who received the refuge of the Three Jewels finished, he became a monk.

That is called bhikkhu-ordination by taking refuge in the Three Jewels.

3-Ovādapaṭiggahaṇūpampampa how?

The Buddha taught the Mahākassapa three things:

- "In Buddhism, this Kassapa, you should practice that : first you should be ashamed center frightful sin and your sin for high summer, with lower status, lower subdivisions.

- In this Buddhism, this Kassapa, you should practice that: you should listen to the Dharma, so respect all the Dharma, to remember all the dharma.

In this Buddhism, Kassapa, you should practice that you should carry on the practice of mindfulness.

When Venerable Mahākassapa received the three teachings of the Buddha, it was the achievement of his bhikkhu.

This is called the bhikkhu case by receiving the teachings of the Buddha.

This is a special case only for Venerable Mahākassapa .

4 Pañhābyākaraṇūpampampā?

At Pubbārāma Pagoda , the Buddha was walking, Sadi named Sopāka came to the Buddha. The Buddha asked Sadi Sopāka questions related to the subject asubha "impure" that:

"Uddhamātakasaññā'ti vā Sopāka, rūpasaññā'ti to do a lot of time and look at it, and look for it ..."

"This Sopāka, the concept of the death of the body 2-3 days, or think of material things, two different meanings, different nouns call? Similar meanings, nouns call different? ".

Sadi Sopāka , 7 years old, told the Buddha:

"Uddhamātakasaññā'ti vā Bhagavā rūpasaññā'ti vā ime dhammā ekatthā byanñjanameva nānā ...."

"Enlightenment of the Buddha, the concept of death 2-3 days, or think of material things, the same meaning, only the nouns call different. White Lord. "

The Buddha pleases Sadi Sopāka 's answer , so he allows Sadi Sopāka to become a bhikkhu.

It is called bhikkhu by answering the right question of the Buddha.

This is a special case only for Sopāka .

5- Mathematical how?

The teachings of the Buddha increasingly growing, bhikkhus increasingly. Thus, the Buddha abandoned the bhikkhu-case by taking refuge in the Three Jewels:

"Yā sā bhikkhave, mayā tīhi saraṇagamanehi upasampadā anuññatā, taṃ ajjatagge paṭikkhipāmi.
Anujānāmi bhikkhave, ñatticatutthena kammena upasampādetuṃ " [7] .

"Bhikkhus, the Tathagata has allowed bhikkhus to receive life by the Three Rules, from now on, Tathagata away from the life of Bhikkhu.

Bhikkhus, the Tathagata, allow the Bhikkhus to be recited by reciting the Ñatti (Manifestation) and following the Kammavācā three times, known as ñatticatuttha- kammavācā.

This Bhikkhu-life originated from the Vidya Rādha and has been preserved until today.

Currently, in countries traditionally Buddhist Theravada tradition, as the country of Ceylon (Sri Lanka), waterBurma (Myanmar), water Thailand, Cambodia , countries Laos Theravada Buddhist Vietnam ... although every country has different languages, but all are based on the Vinaya Pali as basic. So the Theravada Buddhist countries still try to preserve and maintain the original tradition of Sadi life according to the way of taking refuge in the Three Jewels in the Pāḷi, the teacher of sanctification to take refuge in the Three Jewels, The Three Jewels, both sides must pronounce each word, every sentence, according to the Pali grammar called "Ubhato suddhi".

And the Bhikkhu-Bhikkhu- ritual , the five Bhikkhus, or the Bhikkhu- Bhikkhu-Bhikkhu, aregathered in Sīmā. There are 2 or 3 Bhikkhu lawyers litigation ñatticatutthakammavācā: One time chanting Ñatti (Declaration) and then chant 3 times Kammavācā ( Citigroup ), to pronounce each word, every sentence correctly according to Pā văni grammar .

It is called bhikkhu-bhikkhus by reciting ñatticatutthakammavācā.

Apart from life bhikkhus this out, the rest all by operating Increase (Samghakamma) Other, Bhikkhus Increase Meeting at Sima also recite nattikammavaca language Pali, almost identical, even reciting texts Parittapali half.

This is the characteristic of Buddhist Theravada traditions , because these countries are based on the Tripitaka of Pāḷi as the basic foundation.

NAKHAM (NIIKKHUNĪ UPASAMPADĀ)

The Buddha prescribed bhikkhuni ordination in three ways:

1. How Garudhammapaṭiggahaṇpupampadā?

Period Buddha dwell in monasteries in the great forest of origin Vesali, she Mahapaja-patigotami group 500 access to the female line of Sakya standing in front Vihara sad crying, because Buddha did not allow female life bhikunis .

Venerable Ānanda saw this pitiful situation, so he asked the Buddha to allow women to receive bhikkhunis. The Buddha taught: " If the samadhi Mahāpajāpatigotamī accepts the eight factors (garudhamma), then it is the bhikkhunī ordination, the aunt's pattern."

She Mahapajapatigotami reverently approved, received eight key measures that the Buddha regulatory promulgation .

It is the Bhikkhunī ordination by receiving eight factors.

This is a special case just for her Mahapajapatigotami only. Bhikkhunī Mahāpajāpatigotamī is the first bhikkhunī monk in Gotama's teaching .

2 Dūtenūpasampadā how?

In the case of Aḍḍhakāsī, before becoming a monk, she was a famous female celebrity. Now Aḍḍhakāsī, a female monk, took the bhikkhunī ordination between the monks and nuns, and the Aḍḍhakāsī female preacher set out to go to the Sāvatthi throne to minister to the Buddha and to receive bhikkhunī ordination between monks and nuns. She believes a group of young boys will catch the road catch her. Therefore, she did not dare to go to the Buddha, she asked a representative to tell the Buddha about her difficulties and difficulties in the request for bhikkhunī ordination between bhikkhus. The Buddha knew so, so specially allowed her that:

"Anujānāmi bhikkhave, dūtena pi upasampadetuṃ".

"Bhikkhus, the Tathagata allows the female Aḍḍhakāsī to take bhikkhunī ordination by means of a representative."

It is called bhikkhuni ordination by way of representatives.

This is a special case only for female Aḍḍhakāsī only.

3-Aṭṭhavācīkūpasampadā how?

Before the monk, monk Sikkhāmānā is practiced to keep the 6 world completely pure and round enough for 2 years (if any gender, must start again). When the Sikkhāmān is full 2 years, is allowed to ordained bhikkhuni, consisting of two phases:

The first stage : Bhikkhu Sangha assembly at the place of Sīmā ( boundary Sīmā ), bhikkhuni lawyers chant once Ñatti (Declaration) and then chant 3 times Kammavācā (the word of the mouth ), called ñatticatutthakammavācā

The second stage : About e bhikunis him to the Bhikkhus Increase Meeting at SIMA , monk lawyers chant 1 Natti (Declaration) and follow procedure 3 times Kammavaca (To the language), call isñatticatutthakammavācā.

Thus, bhikkhuni life must increase between two monks : monks and nuns Bhikkhu monks , each of the paths to theatatthatatthakammavācā, which is full 8 times, called Aṭṭhavaccūpasampadā.

This Bhikkhuni ordinance applies to all monks.

During the time of the Buddha, the Mahāpajāpatigotamī and the 500 subordinate Sakya women came to ask the Buddha Bhikkhu-ni. Particularly, the Mahāpajāpatigotamī reverently accepted the 8 Buddha's enlightenment , namely the Bhikkhunī Bhikkhunī-ni's bhikkhunī ordination . As for the 500 group of Sakya women , the Buddha allowed bhikkhuni only bhikkhus to chant one Ñatti (Manifestation) and then to chant three times for kammavācā , called ñatticatutthakammavācā, because , there are no monks and nuns. All 500 groups of Sakya women become bhikkhuni.

From then on, bhikkhunī ordination rituals between two monks: monks and nuns Bhikkhu Sang, each of the liturgy ñatticatutthakammavācā, including 8 times.

Therefore, called Aṭṭavavīkūpasampadā.

Eight measures are:

1) Bikkhuni ni has 100 lower, also have to stand up to welcome, rejoin the bhikkhu bhikkhu bhikkhu newly born in that day.