[07]

Chapter Seven

The fruits and realms of attainment

-ooOoo-

P School District's School Center. Tu tu Tam, evidence is Tam. The Buddha said: "The mind is before all things, the management of all things, the creation of all things" (Dhammapada, the Dhammapada).And, "What is akusala, akusala kamma, comes from the mind. By the practice of the practitioner, the mind attains each level of purity, and accordingly, the attainment and the attainment of the practitioner are of different levels.

The realm must be understood as the realm of the mind. The present state of things around us in the human realm here is easy to impress on the near, high and low ... so we think that the realms attained by the practice are a space, a place. From there, Nirvana, the ultimate liberation realm, is easily misunderstood as a realm, a place ... with the mind of a mind of sex, a mind of man. In the realm of Unconsciousness, the mind of sentient beings is more subtle, the view of the "world" has changed. For example, in the unimaginable world, "the realm" is not boundless, the boundless consciousness, the notion of near, high and low ... is no more. The spiritual state of the Three Realms, Sutras and Infinity can be experienced through "entering and leaving" with the practice of meditation. This experience can also be traced to a person, though very short, Though it only lasted a short while, suddenly, he received the world around him with his mental state at every moment: sometimes he received the world around with form, color, tone. its bar, or with pleasure, sadness, indifference or with a continuum of thinking.So it can be said, the realm of attainment states the state of the mind.

The attainment is done through meditation, by meditation through meditation. Classics do not lack the case of cutting down. But, after all, enlightenment is a manifestation of the end of a long, long-lasting process of cultivation, in which the meaning of stillness (Jhana) continues throughout. Meditation is not just sitting in the lotus posture, but in every posture of daily living. Practicing in Buddhism usually carries the meaning of meditation, which is generally understood as purifying the mind, exposing Tue to liberation, beyond samsara in the three realms of sphere, linguistic, .

When discussing Concentration, we have talked about the practice of Eight-Tails (Eight-Tailings), or Eight Steps of Spiritual Advancement. Actually, this way of dividing is only relative like all other divisions. Sutras are divided into two parts: the first four parts are called the Four Meditations (First Meditation, Two Meditations, Three Meditations, Four Meditations) and the following four parts are called the Four Noble Truths (or Four Noble Truths Not boundless country, Consciousness boundless, Unreasonable land, and Non-ideal non-ideal idea. The two groups of Four Colors and Four Colors are also considered as two different ways in which the practitioner or the Fourth Meditation (the last level of the Four Colors) can go directly to the ultimate Nirvana or Four Senses. meditation through the four non-rúpa (may from the non-possession of the land through Nirvana) to the final Nibbana,

Meditation is the realm of attained enlightenment with the state of blissfulness, because it has eliminated the five hindrances (dysplasia, kissing, sex, anger and doubt). This is the joy in the direction, the peace is calm, began to focus.

Continuing the practice, the practitioner reaches the second level of the second jhana. At this level, the intensity is stronger (the feeling of pleasure), the object of thought and the object of thinking together, mind and matter (though not yet).

The next level is the Three Meditations. Mind feeling happy, have let go, quiet. Wisdom begins to manifest.

The fourth level is the fourth jhana. The meditator becomes immobile, equality with things, separation, unification with the object is ripe, the most meaning as shown (discharge, single mind).

From the meditation, to the fourth meditation, meditators have meditation, out of the realm that into the realms. In the present moment, the practitioner has received great spiritual advancement, ie, wisdom has been revealed. Once the consciousness has become familiar in luminosity, when he dies, if he wants to, he will fall into the realm of lust as the realm of the world.

The way of meditation is the way to meditate between the mind and the mind. From here, the practitioner continues to practice by initiating the annihilation of the Ten Factions, in turn attaining the Four Noble Truths and achieving ultimate Nirvana. Or else, he goes further into concentration, passing the realm of samsara, into the realms of the Infinity. This second way, which is the way after the fourth meditation, to enter the Four Colors that the Buddha experienced to realize Nirvana. The Buddha noted that the second method is relatively inadequate to the basis of many people, because in the realms of the Void (especially in the non-idealist realm of non-ideal), he can hardly give up. overcome; On the contrary, constantly in the silent near-Nibbana - still in samsara, samsara. The place is long life, longer than the ten times the world. The practitioner needs to come up with the non-idealistic idea of ​​entering the final stage of the Perfect Consciousness before entering ultimate Nirvana. The Sun reminds the disciples to stop at the Non-possession of the land, and from here on the Four Noble Truths (Words, Bi, Hy, Ration) before entering final Nirvana.

The process of training and attainment is indirectly summed up through the explanation of the practical results of the Sa-dhammas during the Buddha's discourse to King Ajatasattu. Sa-fruit fruit (School Ministry of I) and A-junction, 26, are all relatively similar, as follows:

1. The people of the renunciation, regardless of the level, are all people, including the king himself, respect, offerings.

2. Do not hesitate, do not fear, due to live enough knowledge, renounce anger, craving, should be peaceful in the present.

3. Due to the exception of the five hindrances, the mind is happy.

4. Do meditation gradually to give up, Four, Hy, Lac to achieve the fourth meditation, should be happy in the present.

5. By abandoning the world, attain the Zen Meditation, should be happy, peaceful.

6. Due to the abandonment of beauty to enter the life of the mind should arise.

7. From the moment of veneration, the gongs or the deduction, liberation and liberation of knowledge arise. This is the most practical result of all the practicalities of Sa-nature.

The Great Compassion of the King (Central I) and Su Tuong (Su-A-ji, 24) summarize the monks' practice as follows: . From the first meditation, practitioners practice to second, meditation and four meditation. From the four meditations, the practitioner specializes in the practice of non-self, impermanence, eliminating ten fetters, and depending on the number of fetters are excluded, he successively attained the Four Noble Fruits:

a) Sotapatti:  This result is called sotàpanna, which is subtracted from the lower part of the fetter (the first three fetters). The first three fetters:

- Seeing (falling, knowing yourself and others).

- Nghi (doubt the Chief Justice).

- Forbidden things (keeping the pagans, gays, sacrileges).

Fruition-complete is also known as the entry into the stream (Holy stream) or the Cross (still reborn at most seven times).

b) Sakadagami:

This fruit is Sakadagamin, the one who eliminates the first three chants and combats the next two chapters. The next one will be born again to practice the ultimate victory.

c) Tam qu ((Anagami):

This practitioner is called Anagamin, who subtracted the first five fetters (five lower fetters). An anime is also known as Unlucky (not returning to human realm), only reborn in the realms or Infinity, from which to practice and achieve the result of victory.

d) Fourfruits (Arahat):

This resultant caller is called Arahant (Arahat), who completely eliminated the ten fetters of the five lower branches of the fetus and the five fetters (loving kindness, loving kindness, ignorance, ignorance), love: like being, like the realms; Unripe: want not to exist, want to live in the realm of Uncirculated; Chastity: Arrogance, accept the evidence; Assertive: disturbed, confused; Ignorance: still confused because the longer the upper half of the fence cover.

The arahant is called inferiority (or inbirth: no rebirth, reincarnation) is the ultimate realization, Nibbana.

The realms and attainments mentioned above are briefly mentioned in the Buddha's time. Later on, the level of promotion, net, enlightened professors reputation better analysis much more, even cause many controversial issues have not yet left. The teacher Buddaghosa in the famous Visudhimagga (The Pure Land) mentions five levels of Wisdom which lead to Ultimate Wisdom; The Vasubhandu in the Adhidhamma-Kosa commentary also divides the five levels of attainment in a slightly different way.The Mahāvastu states the level of attainment by dividing the Ten Commandments, and according to the sect, one distinguishes between the Three Sutras, the Mahayana, the Siddhartha, and the Siddhartha. Dozens of different tastes. Recently Mahasi Sayadaw, The distinguished venerable Master of Burmese Buddhism distinguishes seven levels of purity which lead to the fulfillment of the fruits, which are practical and appropriate to the contents of the table in the Visuddhimagga. But, as we have said, all divisions are relative, since the lines of delimitation of the fruits are just the presupposition of the word, and the content of the witness is a continuous, lively process. From ignorance to darkness wins.

In fact, enlightenment can often not be seen in the order of the Four Noble Truths or at the level of division, at least on the surface. For example, Sariputta and Venerable Moggallana, when they heard the Buddha preach, attained Arahantship after a few weeks; Yasa was enlightened as soon as he heard the sermon; The author of Bharayama is attained Arahant after seven days; Phra Khema was attained an Arahant before his ordination (attained when taught the dharma); King Suddhodana (when he heard the Dhamma) ... when it is enough to know the relative nature of the division of the fruit, it is not to mention the different depths in each fruit position. Depending on the basis, due to the practice before (or from previous lives), you can attain the corresponding results. Again, due to the conditions, the circumstances, the level of sophistication of the practice, Time to practice and attainment is difficult to determine clearly. It can not be based on the attainment of attainment, the time spent practicing to critique the transcendental potential while the process of transformation of the mind starts from innumerable karma.

In the above, Arahant is the ultimate, ultimate, and ideal outcome of a Buddhist monk. Arhat is an uneducated man, who has resolved the things to study in this world, has liberated the ultimate, called Nirvana. In the sense of ultimate victory, the Buddha is the absolute, the victory, the step has entered Nirvana. There are still some points that need to be dealt with. The meaning of Arahant, Buddha, Nirvana are controversial, difficult to present, and indeed, since the matter was raised, no one can afford, the authority to settle decisively. This is because the issue is a matter of absolute meaning. Not absolute reach is not capable of discussing absolute. Such a statement, but each one of us, in fact, faces thinking, so it is impossible not to have a narrow, limited viewpoint on this matter. In that spirit,

* * *

Nibbàna

Nirvana is the end of the world, the end of the person who has reached the truth, that is the great enlightenment. The meaning of Nirvana is peace, the separation of all suffering, the cessation of samsara, immortality, absolute ... Nirvana is described in many ways, usually by negation, Negative is precisely because the language and wisdom of man is not enough to understand what Nirvana is.Human beings are in illness, suffering suffering, samsara, the way is outlined to reach Nirvana is the way of selflessness, the path of renunciation, to Nirvana indirectly, by contrasting, negative, etc., seems to be negative. But that is the most practical way, the most effective way to avoid misunderstandings.

Nibbana is often known from the Sanskrit word Nirvana, perhaps because the Sanskrit texts of the Mahāyāna tradition have developed many Nirvana. The particle from Nir indicates negation, Vana is extinguished, blew off; Vana also means forest, only forest afflictions. Nirvana means to end, out of the afflicted forest. Nirvana also means extinguish, stop, kill. Lord Nyanatiloka explains the word quenching in two ways: 1) Extinguish the goblins or (Kilesa-parinibbàna), that is, the present Nibbana with the living body; This Nirvana is called Nupaka (Nà-bādāna). 2) Extinguish the process of the Five Aggregates (Khandha-paranibbàna) ie Nirvana after death, the body is no longer, the Sutras called An-upàdisesa-nibbana. ( Nyanatiloka, "The Words of the Buddha", 1968 )

The benefits of Nibbàna and the resurrection of Nirvana have the same properties, the only difference is that Nirvana is achieved by Nibbana when he exists with his body, and the surplus of Nirvana is achieved after the body is no longer. The Primitive Buddhist scriptures only distinguish two forms of Nirvana.

In the first sermon at Migavana (Deer Park, the Garden of Nai) in Baranaga for the five monks of the Venerable Kodanna, the Buddha used the word Nirodha to denote Nirvana. The way of describing Nirvana is often repeated, for example Nirvana is "thirst quencher, is greed, greed, si kill, ignorance kill, kill, sex kill" ... or:

"It is the silence of conditioned things, the renunciation of the goblins, the quench of thirst, the separation, the cessation of Nibbana." (Comp. I)

"Raha, the quenched thirst is Nirvana." (Comp. IV)

"There is nothing here, there is no bond, an island, it is unique: it is called Nirvana, the cessation of aging and death." (Practice)

The meaning of separation, extinguish, stop is also found elsewhere in the Sutra:

"Monks, whether the dharmas are compassionate or unconditioned, in which the former is the highest, that is, with craving, eradicating craving, destroying ties, cutting off all continuity, quench thirst, unrest before, cease, Nirvana. " (Tang Chi II)

Venerable Sariputta, when asked what is Nirvana, replied:

"This is the eradication of greed, hatred and ignorance," and the author further explains: "The renunciation, the extinction of desire and the attachment to the five aggregates is the end of suffering."(Comparative V)

W. Rahula in his book "What the Buddha Taught" calculated that in the Asamkhata Samyutta Sutta of the Samyutta Sutra there were thirty-two synonyms with Nirvana. E. Conze in his book "Buddhist Thought in India" lists the meaning of Nirvana in nearly eighty words (including the words that appeared after the Buddha's time), divided into three categories:

1. Nirvana means immortality (Amata). 
Nirvāna means purification (Upasana). 
Nirvāna means Peace (Khema).

As mentioned, the meaning of Nirvana is mainly expressed in a positive way, but the negative and positive meaning is also relative. For example, the Buddha taught Nirvana to be happy, peaceful (Sukha), but when he preached Suffering, he placed happiness and peace (Sukha) also in dukkha. Also, some of the words for Nirvana are as positive as Khema, Sudhi, Sarana, Pāra, Santi, (Sitibhava) ... are just suggestions. In the negative sense, however, there emerges a positive nature of the return to absolute happiness, an eternal safety, although these are only attributes of Nibbana, not Nirvana. .

Business, Luan still refer to the Three liberation subject, three methods to liberation, Nirvana is no, Non-Prime Minister, Volunteer, this is also the three words of Nirvana. Since all Dhammas are not self, Nirvāna is non-self, only the path of realizing non-self can attain Nirvana, and in that spirit there is only attainment of Nirvana. the person (self) attains Nibbana. By analyzing the meaning of non-self, many scholars have suggested that Nirvana is nothingness, empty, absolute destruction. But the true meaning of Nirvana is not void, empty. Empty, empty is the viewpoint of the passage of the passage, contrary to the permanent view of the eternal essay. The Buddha often criticized these two views and proclaimed him to advocate the Middle Way. Nirvana is depicted by negative, indirect, image and metaphorical ...,

Verse III and Tang Chi, 34 tell the story of a disciple of the Buddha, Yamaka (Diem-ma-la), who says that ultimate liberation is the ultimate realm, immediately rebuked by other monks, and then Sun Satori talked about the connection between the five aggregates and non-self, eventually causing Yamaka to abandon his false views. The contents of the sermon of Sariputta are not fully documented, but the story has shown that Buddhism never equaled Nirvana.

Let's look at a passage from the Buddha's teaching on Nirvana (Patanagam Sutta):

"I heard this: Then the Buddha dwelt at Sàvathi, in the Garden of Anathapindika, and he preached to the disciples, educated and encouraged them with the teachings of Nibbana. The disciples listened and meditated on His teachings, when the Blessed One taught:

"Monks, there is a place where there is no land, no water, no fire, no wind, no endless space (not without boundary), there is no end of the mind This is not void, not conscious, not unconscious. It does not belong to this world, not belong to this world and other world, not of the sun, not. From the moon, monks, the realm of the world, we call not to go, not to go, not born, not kill, not origin, not born, not stop, actually the end of suffering.

"It is very difficult to see the infinite, it is difficult to see the truth." The bond is cut off by the one who knows, nothing exists for anyone who has seen it.

"Monks, there is an unborn, unsuccessful, uncaring, non-monk. But, the monks, because there is a birth, unsuccessful, uncontrollable, unconditioned, the birth, the city, the apple, new micro-organism. can be freed.

"The vibration exists (presence) for the one who holds on." The oscillation ceases for those who are free. There is no birth or death, there is no death, no reincarnation, there is no birth, no death, there is no birth and no death.

"That is really the end of suffering."

The passage is an attempt to describe the interpretation of Nirvana. First, the passage of Nibbana is the cessation of suffering, samsara, samsara; Nirvana is not empty, empty, the basis for the liberation of suffering. The attempt to depict Nibbana in the above verse can be said to be maximal, for as it is said, Nirvāna is inconceivable, so the Buddha often avoids pushing questions to the extreme, panic, not necessary, not related to liberation. With the language of the world, questions like Nirvāna are nothingness, destruction or permanent, eternal; "the topic" of Nirvana exists or does not exist after Nirvana; What is the ultimate selflessness? ... they are actually fake problems and when they have reached the absolute, these problems dissipate, even the selflessness is no longer meaningful. Answers,

"Lady Virtue, Tathagata exists after death?

"The Great King, do not teach that the Tathagata survive after death.

"Lady Virtue, then the Tathagata does not exist after death?

"The Great King, do not teach that the Tathagata does not exist after death.

"Lady Venerable, then Tathagata exists, and does not exist after death?

"Great Lord, do not teach that.

"Why did the Blessed One not teach such a thing?"

- "Great Lord, please allow me to ask you a question and ask Him to tell me what he thinks: Great King, you have an accountant, or a professor or a treasurer. Can count the sand of the Gange River and can tell how many grains of sand, how many hundred, how many or how many hundred thousand grain of sand?

"Lady, I do not have such a man.

"Or do you have an accountant, a professor or a banker who can catch water in the ocean and tell you how many barrels of water, how many, how many, how many, hundreds, or thousands of barrels water okay?

"Feminist Apostle, I do not have such a man.

"Why is it that the ocean is deep, unstable, undetectable." If one wants to know the nature of the Tathagata by virtue of the properties of the rupa, then it is the same. The name of the material was eliminated, the strength of it was eliminated, like a palm was uprooted and placed there for later no longer developed. Beyond the measurements of the world of the cosmos, His essence, as well as the ocean, is immeasurably inaccessible, and it is not true that the Tathagata exists after death. If the Tathagata does not exist after death, then it is not right to say that the Tathagata exists and does not exist after death. It is not true that the Tathagata does not exist, nor does it exist after death. 

The Sutra again defines Nibbàna, the object of Nirvana is absolute, is inconceivable. Attempts to talk about Nirvana, of the Buddha, are based on rúpa, linguistic concepts, and conditioned materials for suggestion.

* * *

Buddha

The Buddha is the Most Venerable on all sides that one can imagine. His compassionate and compassionate power is the ultimate, unthinkable. All in Him is the absolute. The realization of the Path, the life of the body and the human way of his history proved it. Referring to the Buddha, people often claim that he is the Crusader, the Four Angels, and the Sign. Although these are also His attributes, we also list those names for a concept of His great nature:

The Force or the Force (Tenth Power of Wisdom)

1. Tri city of non-intellectual land:  the intellectual know where the right, wrong, good, bad things.

2. Tri  intelligence industry intelligence : Intellectual knowledge of karma, cause and effect of the past, present, future.

3. Zen meditation liberates the wisdom -triumph : Wisdom (or wisdom) know the level of spiritual practice, meditation of all beings.

4. The most intellectual beings in the intellectual mind:  Intellect (intelligence) know the xinxing of all sentient beings.

5. Tri-genre entertainment power:  Intellect (intelligence) know all the scenes, all the intellectual capacity.

6. Tri racial intelligence:  Intellectual knowledge of all beings.

7. Tri most intellectual  property : Wisdom knows all the way to liberation.

8. Tri Thien eyes intellectual power (equivalent to Thien minh):  Wisdom know to be transparent, to see all places, know all beings with the karmic and career, the realm of the birth.

9. Tri Tuc network of intellectual power (Equivalent: Tuc minh minh):  Intellectual knowledge of all life of samsara.

10. Wisdom of the intellectual energy (equivalent to: smuggled intelligence):  Wisdom knows the permanent eradication of all mental defilements.

Quartet (four brave, fearless)

1. The most no-capitalization:  Because of wisdom know all the dharmas, so not afraid of anyone.

2. Gonorrhea to the captain:  Do not clean the gonorrhea or, should not fear anything.

3. The doctrine of no-lieutenant:  Because of the ability to preach the dharma defenses open, so no fear.

4. The theory of martyrdom is not capitulated:  by the ability to clearly teach the way to end suffering, so no fear at all.

As Lai Lai

1. Tathagata: the  self-liberated.

2. Candidates:  An Arahant deserves to be offered.

3. Transfiguration:  The Right Position knows everything.

4. Hanh Tuc : full level Tri and German.

5. Aesthetics:  Skillfully overcome mortal life.

6. Prayer:  The rational interpretation of everything in the world.

7. Supreme Master:  The highest rank.

8. Trượng Phu Truong Phu: the  thing that governs himself and sentient beings.

9. Thien Man:  Master of Heaven and Man.

10. Buddha, the religion: the  ultimate enlightenment.

The Buddha is self-proclaimed as Lai. The meaning of the Tathagata has been developed a lot, bring some attributes of the Buddha, for example: "Go and come like that", "self in," "peaceful," like legs, "Most like," etc. Let us hear the Buddha preach the Tathagata:

"The monks, the world is Tathagata, the Tathagata is not implicated in this life. The monks, the world, the destruction of the Tathagata is enlightened, the monks, the path leading to the destruction of Tathagata, the path leading to the world to destroy the Tathagata episodes.

"What, monks, in the whole world with the Divine, the Magical, the Divine, the Brahmins, Brahmins, gods and humans are seen, heard, I was born in the state of the mind, so I called the Tathagata. The Chief of the Right Enlightenment until entering "Nirvana without medicine", in that time, what Tathagata said, stated, stated, all that, no difference. called the Tathagata.

"What the monks, Tathagatas say what to do, say so, should be called Tathagata.

"Monks, in the whole world, Heavenly, Magical, Brahma, with the masses Sa-subject, brahmanas, gods and humans, Tathagata is the victorious, no. Whoever defeated, all tri, all ants, great in, so called as Lai.

(Buddhist doctrine - Itivuttaka)

The above sermon preached to the Buddha a clear, specific and complete, in accordance with the reception of the human mind. The Buddha, the Sun, the Tathagata, through the effort described by the force, Four Quotations, The word and paragraph above gave us a concept of the omnipotent, omnipotent, without abstract language.

The description is not exactly accurate about the Absolute, but it is enough to show that the Buddha is the ultimate culmination, which, when studied As Arahant, we can hardly imagine such a thing, although there are a large number of scholars who think that Arahanta as well as the Buddha is complete, complete and absolute.

Later, the Buddha was further honored, his throne was deployed, the essence of the Buddha was analyzed by scholars, lawyers, so that people built into a Buddhist-momentum Taking up a significant part of Buddhism, there is even a place where the Buddha is considered as a selfless, self-redeeming God, the creator of creation, the one human being able to communicate with. uncle, island, etc. It seems very contrary to the idea of ​​selflessness of the Teachings of the Buddha.

* * *

A-la-hán (Arahant)

Arhat (Arahant) is the highest degree that a disciple of the Buddha attained, the so-called ultimate liberation, the end of life, realization Nirvana.

Indeed, the Arahants in the original scriptures were not explicitly used. The Arahant is: worthy, worthy of offering; Huan translation is Candidate. Again, the Arahant is also known as the killer (han) of the enemy (ari); Sino-Vietnamese hackers, ie, who killed the enemy afflictions.

The arahant in Jainism, a religion very close and influential with the Buddhist doctrine, is understood as "the flow of dried up", ie has all sorrow, karma.

Arhat in Buddhism is understood to have eliminated the three (toxic, anger, delusion), freedom with all things in life, you have nothing more to learn (ie unstructured) distinguish them from the lower Saints are those who have to study, to build more (ie, organic goods).

Arhat is accomplished, has reached the goal, "what needs to be done":

"And for a disciple who has been liberated like that, the mind is calm, nothing needs to be added to what has been done, he does not have to do anything anymore. It is not shaken by the wind, it is not sharp, no sound, no incense, no taste, no touch, no sexual desire, no noxiousness can make him fluctuate. has been reached. " (Chi Chi, 56)

The Buddha always praised the Arahant ideal. He has repeatedly stated that Arhat is ultimate, ultimate, liberating, peaceful mind, enter Nirvana. He also claimed that his disciples could have such great powers as Lucas, the Three Truths ... are the supernormal powers and wisdom that he attained under the Bodhi tree.

Gluttony is the six divine powers, including:

1. Divine ear (hear the sound everywhere, understand the voice of sentient beings).

2. Tha mind (know the mind of others, of beings).

3. Spirituality (there is the divine power of the will, can be surpassed everywhere in a moment).

(These three powers are the function of meditation, the mind of liberation).

4. Heavenly eye (see clearly, all beings with karmas and fruits).

5. Tuc dest (know countless past lives of self).

6. Gonorrhea (all the negativity, all human life).

The label of the pine, pine and pine are also known as Tam minh. This is the result of the Free Wisdom.

The concept of divine power is a very common concept inherent in Buddhism. The Buddha also acknowledged that the pagan can also attain the divine powers (the group of liberated mind) set by Bat Set, or Bat Meditation birth. The three divine beings (after the Tue group of liberation), according to the Three Sutras and the teachings of the four saints, only in the disciples of the Buddha, which can not be in the infidels. But, Luc, here are three, in addition to the manifestation of the divine powers of the arahant as transformed, cloned ... referred to in the Sa-Fruit Sutra The sense of victory in the mental, mental and symbolic abilities is greater.

The Buddha himself recognized him as Arahant. In the ten titles of the Tathagata, there are titles A-la-Han (Candidate). But we also need to remember that from Arhat there can be many places that have only relative meaning, just as the Buddha used the words Sa Sa, Ba-la-subjects ... to indicate that. spiritual practice. From the relative spirit of the word, from the meaning of the Buddha's method of leading, from the behavioral profile of some of the Arahant's great arahants, the latter comes to the realization of the ultimate truth, ultimate liberation, Nirvana gradually be reset. And when Buddhism was divided into Theravada and Mahasanghika, the point of contention was the spirit of precepts and attitudes about Arahantship. According to the Great Tribe, Arhats are not the highest of noble ones, Arhats may be rotten. This view may summarize that an arhat remains eclipsed during sleep, many unknowns, yet not fully understood the Buddha's teachings, and sometimes have to ask him only know that I have attained Arahant. Later on, the sutras see it as a small fruit. Kinh Duy-ma-pulp has been told that the great disciples did not dare to meet layman Duy-ma-jat; And many other sutras describe the Arahants as just a novice.

The Mahayana sutras sometimes have a meaning to express a certain meaning, but they neglect the specific meaning that has an influence on the value of the Arahant. We acknowledge the great virtue of the arahant, but acknowledge that the above-mentioned notion of the Great Club is not completely unfounded.

First of all, the realization of the Arahantship can not be compared to the Buddha. They deserve to be the "holy saints", liberation of sorrow, suffering, "what must be done". But their liberation can only be equal to the Buddha on the negative side (usually understood as the equation of "liberation" - Vimuktikàya). For example, a person who has just paid off his debt: in terms of debt (equivalent: positive aspects), it is still very long to be the rich. The expression "what must be done has been done" by the arahant is probably only true in the face of phenomena, but its ultimate meaning also needs to be considered more cautiously. The disciples of the Buddha, when attained Arahant, is in the deep forest, there is also the Buddha to continue to practice. Ara-la-finished finishing monkhood. The continuation of such a practice, in addition to the meaning of compassion to expand the dharma for beings with the means of monks (expression of this meaning is not much in all the Arahants It is clear that this has proved that the attainments of those who have not been fully perfected (often understood as complete attainment as attain Dharmakaya). In fact, the same attainment has a shallow place, different depths, enlightenment burst in different aspects. Thus the great disciples of the Buddha have their own victory. In the case of Venerable Sariputta, the Buddha proclaimed the First Wisdom in the Disciples of the Buddha (and in this respect the Venerable Monk); Venerable Moggallàna is the most divine (and in this respect par excellence);

There is no sense of fulfillment on the one hand. Thus, the Kinh still recounts many cases of Buddhist disciples often discuss, answer questions of Buddhism together.

Venerable Sariputta, the Great Buddha of the disciples, is called the "General of the Dharma," the Head of the Buddha, the first Noble One ever to be with the Buddha.

"Lord, I do not have the wisdom to know the mind of the Buddhas, Arahants, Pastors of the past, present and future. France "(School of the Ministry of Economy IV, 28, the Self-Joy Business).

The wisdom of Sariputta is here with the ability to know the tradition of the Dhamma, ie (how the next passage is quoted in the Sutra) how liberation and liberation are attained. The vassal has identified himself as a gatekeeper, recognizing those who enter the city only through the gate.

It is not to mention the warning of karma during the time of the arahant, although they have come into being in every form, but they in the five aggregates are sick, still sick ( including sleeping ejaculation as mentioned), sometimes grieve for a moment before death (as in the case of Dr. Sariputta touched before death, entering the Nibbana of Moggallana), sometimes mistake The young rebuked Buddha (as the case of Venerable Sariputta to the young monks do rampant in front of the monk) ...

In our opinion, the great virtue of the Arahants is indisputable, the arahant's fruit is the end of a long-lasting mourner from many lives and an effort. Practice to achieve a self-break. This attainment is so deep that it motivates the arahant to move on. From then on, the meaning of learning is no more but the self-transformation, sublimation, far from all conditioned cause and effect to ultimate Nibbana: the meaning of liberation from samsara is reincarnation. . One last question, perhaps excessively, is: How soon will a new arahant reach absolute heights? As mentioned, realization can be shallow, so it is difficult to determine the time, and in fact, time for them is no longer meaningful, and this time for us It is impossible to think, because it is not the time of the human realm!

The Seven Laws distinguish the various types of Nirvāna of the Arahantship after releasing the five aggregates, such as the Nirvana, the Nirvana, the Nirvana, From the high to the low, according to the level of attainment, the saints of the future will be born in the natural world for a long time or soon (slowly). at the end of life expectancy in Pure Land) before entering Nirvana finally. The Sutra may have used the symbolic language, but through that, affirms that the anatomy of the mind after the discharge of the five aggregates has these kinds of Nirvāna. , and these types of Nirvana are somewhat different and not yet Nirvana (not the ultimate Nirvana or Nirvana). The product of the above also distinguished (many of the other business of Nikaya also) Nirvana of A-la-drought called the front of Nirvana. That is to say, Nirvana has many different degrees of liberation, and the non-Nirvana of Arahant is not the ultimate Nibbana, Supreme Master Ching Hai.

Not yet a Buddha Sanhedrin, the arahant has also experienced the Mahaparinibbana, though not yet complete, because he was out of the cycle of birth and death. This is the highest rank in mankind's history, not Prince Siddhattha of Kapilavatthu.END=NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.28/8/2018.