INDUSTRIAL VIEWPOINTS IN  BUDDHISM BUDDHISM

III. INDUSTRIAL VIEWPOINTS IN  A FUNCTION  OR NIKAYA.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.

2.  The meaning  of the Mahayana  discrimination

a . The Interdependent Part 

The objects of  the Buddha  said, " Beijing University Professional  Discrimination " (Maha vibhanga Kamma Sutta) is  Venerable  Ananda and taste  monks . The cause  is the wanderer  pagan  Potaliputta to spot  false religions  Samiddhi asked the  problem  has  related to  the policy of the  Buddha . The  first and second problem, is that the  Buddha  considers:

"Delusion is  karma ,  vanity  is  speech , only  karma  is true?"

"There is a  meditation stock  (samapatti), by  accomplishment  meditation proof  of this, there will be no  feeling of  what?"

-  Venerable  Samaddhi  answered :

“Do  n't say that. This   potaliputta sage , do not  libel  The Ton ,  libel  The Ton  is not good,  That Ton  did not say so.

-  The  third question Potaliputta asks:

"When a person has  the intention to  make  a career , the  speech ,  the karma of that  time what did he  feel  ? [76]  .

Venerable  Samaddhi  answered :

"   Potaliputta sage , when a person has  the intention to  make  himself friendly ,  speech , and  karma  at that time he  feels  miserable."

These are the three  issues  have  related  now raised by wanderer Potaliputta, and it is also  venerable  Samaddhi  answered  briefly  as mentioned above. The story  between the scholar Potaliputta and  Venerable  Samaddhi was presented to  the Buddha . In these 3  issues  ,  the  third issue the  Buddha  confirms that  Venerable  Samaddhi  answered  incorrectly, because he did not  understand what  the opponent wanted to ask. It will be the  focus  was  Exalted  discussed  in this business. 

b . Content

The content  of  this  sutta we  can divide into four parts. The first part,  the Buddha  explains  the  sensations ; The second part,  the Buddha  analyzed four classes of people in life: 1- The evil-doers meet the bad results, 2- The evil-doers meet the good results, 3- The good people meet the good results, 4- The good people meet the bad results; The third part,  the Buddha  presented, with the rank  master  -mind  based on  four  phenomena  of this, given the  views  and policy deviations, very dangerous to  society ; The fourth part,  criticism  and  remarks  of Buddha  to the  views  of the  heathen , and the Buddha 's interpretation of   these four  phenomena  . In this section,  the Buddha  analyzes the difference between people through the relationship  of cause and effect  of the  psychological , not  physical ,  especially  his great attention to  the role  of  right understanding  and time of  current , which is the basis for  judging  the outcome of an action, whether it is good or evil, good or bad. It is the   basic factor for  humans get  happy life .

Because  the dream  of  people  want to have a life  of wealth , have  the status  society ,  body,  nice  etc .. after all, are not outside the  purpose  is  people  want to hunt for  happiness . But here,  we  try to put  the problem ,  Affordable  happiness  in the  riches ,  status ,  the form  nice , long life? According to  Buddha ,  happiness is  not  necessarily  in it, happy  only when  people  have  the right view , that  wisdom , so when there is  intellectual  when he had  happiness , that is  the reason  why  the Buddha  enhanced  the role  of right  and when  present . From  right view  here does not bring a  sense  fixed, even the  classics  of  the Buddha  to be saved, because  right view  is seeing the know  as truth , so  that as real  as seeing  or can,  Interbeing , not by memories or  experiences , detached object  awareness , integral object that  perception  is  aware of  only  the will , not  the fact , of the  thinking  of abstraction  or  illusion . This is  the meaning of the  sentence: "As the  author  and not like the author" in All Senses Or "[77]. 

c . Buddha  explained  about  feeling

As mentioned above,  Venerable  Samaddhi hurriedly  answered  one-sidedly the question about the  feeling  of the wandering Potaliputta, why not? Because when a person has  the intention to  be  body ,  speech , and  karma  at that time, he or she did not  necessarily  just  feel the  feeling of  suffering. As in the sutta,  the Buddha  explained :

" This   Potaliputta sage , if someone  intends to  make a  body ,  speech , and  mind , has the ability to lead to  pleasure , he will  feel  pleasant ; ... has the ability to lead to  dukkha , people he will  feel  unpleasant ; ... capable of bringing suffering to any  unpleasant  sensation, he will  feel  no pain  unpleasant  feeling . " [78]

Content and  meaning of the  passage just mentioned above,  the Buddha  analyzes karma  including  3 karma:  body ,  speech  and  karma . In 3 this now  reviews now  holds  the role  is very important, nature  decided to  conduct  that kind of business does. Behaviors  are  promoted  steer  by heart  bad , it is called "karma", the result of it is  suffering , here  Buddha  called "unpleasant";  Which behavior is  directed because the mind is good and kind, it is called "good kamma", thus, the result of   this action is  pleasure , here  the Buddha  is called "the pleasant"; Acts  are  promoted  by  heartless , it is called "neutral now," that  state  is not suffering and  unhappiness , here called "Real suffering  unpleasant  feeling."

Thus, what  we  call karma that  include  karma ,  karma  and  neutral now , not only  evil  as  we  thought. Good karma is the  cause of  peace and  happiness ,  and the evil karma  is  the cause  of  suffering . In  Buddhism,  calling to  practice  also means bringing  bad karma  into  good karma .

Four class people

In fact  in life,  we  often see there are four classes of people: The first is that the bad person meets bad results; Second, he does evil but meets good results; Third, good people meet good results; Fourth, good people meet bad effects. In four  cases  , the  case of  the second and  the case of  the fourth is two  case  any  normal , not in accordance with  the law of causality . Then the  theory  of causation  of  Buddhism  explains how the four  phenomena  of this? Because in  fact  in life there are four  phenomena  , so in Social  India has also  appeared  a number of  philosophical  undertakings can not  predestined , not  causal  retribution ... To  describe  the idea, in "Beijing Industrial University Discrimination" [79],  Buddha  wall Art 4 class people in life as below:

- Bad people meet bad results

There are people who live with the  killing , taking of not giving,  deviant behavior  in education, lying,  greed ,  anger , and  wrong views . After the general body damage  network , he was born in the realms of evil ,  evil , fallen,  hell .

- Evil people meet good results

There are people who live with the  killing , taking of not giving,  deviant behavior  in education, lying,  greed ,  anger , and  wrong views . But this person after the general network body damage  , he was born in  the animal  world , this world.

- Good people meet good results

There are people who live with the  renunciation of  killing ,  abandoning  taking of not giving,  renouncing  wrongdoing  in education, not lying, not  taking part in sex , there is no  anger , right  understanding . After the general body damage  , he was born in  the animal  world , this world.

- Good people meet evil fruits

There are people who live with the  renunciation of  killing ,  abandoning  taking of not giving,  renouncing  wrongdoing  in education, not lying, not  taking part in sex , there is no  anger , right  understanding . After the general body damage  network , he was born into the realms of evil ,  evil , fallen,  hell .

Four  cases  mentioned above are four  phenomena  is real in the lives of  humans . In which  case  the first and third are two  cases  with the relationship between cause and effect is very  reasonable , do evil to suffer  retribution  bad, do good to be received is of course fresh fruit. But the  case  Monday and Wednesday, if  we  base  causal laws  of karma  in  Buddhism  to judge  the issue , then the relationship of  cause and effect  is not  fair , not  fair, Why does he do evil and  wrong views  and he will be born in the good realms. Conversely, people who do  good deeds  have  the right view , but after  the public network  to fall into the realm of evil,  beast , then  the issue  of causality  of karma  in  Buddhism  there is  value  in life? This is the  problem  that in life  every day  we  often encounter, itself formed the  skepticism  about rules  causal laws  of karma . At the same time also because of the  phenomenon  does not fair  this is the  factor  the birth of  philosophy  brought  neo-  skeptic , or advocating vonhan  ungainly  or  cessation . Below, the presentation  of the views  and policies of the Sa-la-Brahmin when seeing four people in life, as  explained  in this sutta.

d . The view  of the Sa-Brahmin, for four-class people.

Four  cases  has been presented above are four  phenomena  that  we  often encounter in life. But how they  perceive  it, right or wrong, they all  depend  on their ability to  understand  . For example, we see a great serpent rope, which is also seeing, but seeing this is very dangerous, forming the  negativity  of suffering  for the  people . Likewise, people  no mind  see the  phenomenon  , but does not see  cause  deep  of it,  hastily  identified  as one way or the other, even stubbornly  said that only here is right, in  addition to  all  wrong . In  case  , the  advice  of his to  us , should not have  the attitude  subjective , when  assessed  any  problems , there should be  the attitude  caution  and objectivity, it makes  us  look  leg main . True vision   is  a condition  for a  peaceful and happy  life. Here's a look of the  mindless  and  the critique of  the Buddha .

The first case  :

*  Viewpoints  and guidelines of Sa-keeper, Brahmin

There are Sa-subjects, Brahmin, thanks to their  meditation practice,  there are people who  kill  animals for harm, take things for nothing, lead  deviant things , lie ...  General network , he was born in the land of  evil . Do see so, Sa-keeper, Brahmin he came to  the conclusion : "Certainly those who  kill , take away from ... have  wrong views , after  the general network , all those people are have to go to  hell . Those who know that are true, those who know otherwise are  hopeless , wrong. "

*  Criticism  of  the Buddha

For  this first case  ,  the Buddha  accepted  the  views  of the Brahman, Brahmin as follows:

-  Certainly  there is  karma  and  retribution  evil .

- Seeing that someone has  killed ... there is  wrong view , after  the general network , he is born into the realm of  evil , animal kingdom.

But He  did not accept  the   following views :

- All those who  kill ... have  wrong views , after  their common life , all of them will be threatened into  hell .

- Those who know that are the Chief Justice, said otherwise is  wrong .

- Only here is  the truth , in  addition to  being  hopeless .

Here,  we  see  the Buddha  only  accepted  2 things and  did not accept  3 things. Why? Because in  fact , there are people who do evil, have  wrong views , but he is still born in the good realm. Therefore, it is not possible to  make one  's own opinion true,  the opinion  of others is wrong, it is impossible for all  events to  be the same.

The  second case :

*  Viewpoints  and guidelines of Sa-keeper, Brahmin

There are Sa-subjects, Ba-la-Mon  rely  on  meditation to  see in life there are people who  kill  animals, take things for nothing, live  deviant , lie ... After  the general network , he was born into the realm of healing,  heaven . Do see so, Sa-keeper, Brahmin he came to  the conclusion : "Certainly those who  kill , take away from ... have  wrong views , after  the general network , all those people are must be born in  the  natural world . Those who are so rightly said, those who know otherwise are  wrong  falsehoods , false ".

*  Criticism  of  the Buddha

For  this  second case ,  the Buddha  only  accepted  the  views  of the Sa-Brahmins as follows:

- Seeing someone  killing ... there is  wrong view , after  the general network , he was born in the  world of good animals  .

But He  did not accept  the   following views :

-  Definitely  no  karma  and  retribution  evil deeds .

- All those who  kill ... have  wrong views , after  the general network , all of them will be born in  the animal  world .

- Those who know that are the Chief Justice, said otherwise is  wrong .

- Only here is  the truth , in  addition to  being  hopeless .

In  this  second case ,  we  see that  the Buddha accepted  only   one point and  did not accept  the four points as mentioned above. Why? Because in  fact , there are people doing evil, have  wrong views , after  the general network , he was born into the realms of evil. Therefore, it is not possible to  make one  's own opinion true,  the opinion  of others is wrong, nor can all  events  be the same.

The  third case :

*  Viewpoints  and guidelines of Sa-Brahmin

There are recluses, Brahmin thanks to  meditation  found in life there are people living without  killing  innocuous things, not taking what is not given, live  right conduct , say  true ... After  network joint , he was born in the realm of good,  heavenly world . Do see like that, Sa-Mon, Brahmin he came to  the conclusion : "Those who live without  killing ... say the  truth , after the  network of  all those people, are born in  good animals  heavenly kingdom . Those who know that know righteousness,  in addition,  are  hopeless , wrong ”

*  Criticism  of  the Buddha

For  this  third case ,  the Buddha  only  accepted  the  views  of the Brahmin teachers as follows:

-  Certainly  there is  karma  and  retribution  virtuous . 

- Seeing someone  to abandon  killing ... has  right view , after  the public network , was born in the realm of good people collect buzzing  paradise .

But He  did not accept  the   following views :

- All those who  give up  killing ... have  the right view , after  the general network , all of them will be born in  the animal  world .

- Those who know that are the Chief Justice, said otherwise is  wrong .

- Only here is  the truth , in  addition to  being  hopeless .

In  this  third case ,  we  see  the Buddha  accepting  two points and  not accepting  the three points as mentioned above. Why? Because in  fact , there are people doing good,  the right view , after  the general network , he was born into the realms of evil. Therefore, it is not possible to  make one  's own opinion true,  the opinion  of others is wrong, it is impossible for all  events to  be the same.

The  fourth case :

*  Viewpoints  and guidelines of Sa-Brahmin

There are recluses, Brahmin by  meditation  see in life there are people living without  killing  innocuous things, not taking what is not given, live  right conduct , say  true ... After  the public network , he was reborn in the  evil animal world  . Do see so, Sa-keeper, Brahmin he came to  the conclusion : "Those who live not to  kill ... say the  truth , after the  network of  all those people, were born into  wicked animals , hell ,  hell . Those who know that are true, in  addition to  all  wrong views hopeless , wrong ”.

*  Criticism  of  the Buddha

For  this  fourth case ,  the Buddha  only  accepted  the  views  of the Brahmin teachers as follows:

- Seeing that someone has  given up  killing ... there  is right view , after  the common life , he is reborn in the realms of evil ,  evil animals , land,  hell .

But He  did not accept  the   following views :

-  Definitely  no  karma  and no  retribution  virtuous .

- All those who  give up  killing ... has  right view , after  the public network , all he or she will be reborn in  hell .

- Those who know that are the Chief Justice, said otherwise is  wrong .

- Only here is  the truth , in  addition to  being  hopeless .

In  this  fourth case ,  we  see  the Buddha  accepting  only 1 point and  not accepting  4 points as mentioned above. Why? Because in  fact , there are people doing good,  the right view , after  the general network , he was born in the realm. Therefore, it is not possible to  make one  's own opinion true,  the opinion  of others is wrong, it is impossible for all  events to  be the same.

Above is the  criticism  of  the Buddha  for the school of  philosophy  's contemporary India, when they see the  phenomenon  unjust regime or any  equality  in  society . Caste  Brahmin or  surveys to gain  as much  runway  faith, life on the  suffering , sweat and tears of those who were  to dominate , but their lives are still  happy  to be  social  worship , And  the  Camel class  must be his servants with  all his  might serving the  two  upper classes  , but still being  persecuted and despised by  society .

In fact, this  inequality  is not  limited  to  the  Indian society of the  old days,  but today and everywhere. But not because of any  equality  is to deny the relationship of cause and effect, no results of the  work  good or bad ... because the policy so will not  benefit  anything for  life  individual  and collective be. We  try to do  an investigation  about the  evils  of social , results will  we  see who  willfully  do the  acts of  unlawful  laws, airstrip  faith who do not believe  causal  retribution , not those who believe  causality  and  ethics . Therefore,  we  need  to pay attention to  this issue  , in order to prevent unethical acts  promptly   .

Attitude  subjectivity  and  prejudice  is  caused  born every  hatred , as  elements  of intangible and inevitably leads to  poverty  for  life  individual , is  the cause  of all  evil  and suffering. The  appearance  of any  phenomenon  , it always has  its  inevitable cause , no  matter  what  appears  without  cause . Factors that  lead to the  occurrence  of an  event sometimes very  complex , especially the  phenomenon  of the  psychology , said this does not mean that the  appearance  of things without  cause . Factors  leading to the  appearance  of things sometimes  we  see seem the same, but on real techung not the same, the difference that is the  element  indispensable not result in the same  problem . Thus,  we  should not  be based on  the  understanding  limits  his that made  decisive  mistakes, equating all  issues , that has   no less harm to  individuals  and  society . For example , the grit grain in rice is something that no one  likes , but  we do  n't hate the grit grain and  we  refuse to eat it. The wise man sees the grain in the rice, takes it and throws it away, but the fool who hates the grain refuses to even eat the rice. Also, some people find that some people do evil and have  wrong views , but their lives are still  happy , or after they die, they are born in the good realms. But not  so  that advocated, no predestined , no  result of  good and evil , doing evil or doing good all have the same results. In other words, when  we  want to  learn  a  matter  what, there should be  the attitude  objectively and  observe  thorough, no rush for that alone is true, others are false. That is  the meaning  that  Buddha  raised four  issues  to  discuss .

So  why  does has led to any  reasonable  under the  doctrine of causation  of the  case  Monday and Wednesday? To  answer  this question, and in doing this,  the Buddha  has  explained  the four  cases  in a thorough way. Here, he  particularly  focused two points is the  right view  and  time present . Those are the two points  we  need to pay attention to. END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.2/4/2020.