Theràvada original Buddhist texts - the origin of the Buddhist literature flow.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.

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Theravada Theravada Buddhist texts, which contain the full teachings of Buddha Siddhattha Gotama, are one of the ancient Indian literature born in the 6th century BC.

Literature is memorized and popularized by the oral method of becoming a Buddhist literary lineage that originates spiritual beliefs over 350 million people in Southeast Asian countries, affecting Western culture on Jhana Meditation (mind cleansing method), balancing the release of Tam's conditions, developing non-violence tolerance.

Background formed

Prince Sidhartha Gotama was born around 623 BC as the king of Suddhodana (Pure Land) and Queen Maha Maya (Great Pure Land) of the Koliya line, inheriting the Sakka dynasty (Shakyamuni). 13 years later, seeing the suffering outside the palace, he decided to become a sergeant looking for a way out of suffering.

After enlightenment into Buddha (sammāsambuddho). Buddha Sakya Gotama preached the practice method for 05 old friends Kondanna (Kieu Tran Nhu), developed the Buddhist monastic community (Sangha Sangha) and started 45 years of traveling through many popular national regions French - the literature of the saints.

At the age of 80 the Buddha entered Nirvana. A few months after the Buddha's Nirvana, in Rajagaha (Wang Xa) in Sattapaṇṇi cave (That Diep) under the patronage of King Ajatasattu (A Soap), the elder master Maha Kassapa (Great Lama) master Maintaining the Dharma and Law Recitation Conference (Sangiti Dhammavinaya) has chosen 500 saints to increase among 700,000 to combine the recitation of the teachings of Gotama Buddha through 09 literary genres (Navaṅgasatthusāsana).

Rajagaha (Wang Xa) in Sattapaṇṇi cave, Buddha disciples organized the recording of the sutra immediately after the Buddha entered Nirvana.

Sutta (Sutta), Litigation (Geyya), Signing theory (Veyyākaraṇa), Shelter language (Gāthā), Inspirational language (Udāna), As marketing theory (Itivuttaka), Obligations (Jātaka), Friendship (Abbhūtadhamma), Advertising method (Vedalla). These literary genres convey the whole teaching of Gotama Buddha as Theravada Theravada Buddhism literature originating in later Buddhist literary lines.

Theravada Theravada Buddhism literature does not add to any of the small teachings of the Buddha.

Elder Sangha Upali is responsible for the Law (Vinaya), which inherits the line of Law literature that teaches Law and Literature. Buddhist Law is initiated by the phrase "Tena samayena ..." (At that time the Buddha was ...)

Elder Ananda is responsible for Kinh starting with the phrase "Evam me sutam" (I was heard like this).

Elder Puṇṇa leads the sermon; Kumārakassapo ranks first in rhetoric; Kaccāna is at the forefront of classification; Koṭṭhita heads the analytical wisdom; and many other elders.

Theravada Theravada Buddhism literature is memorized memorized, oral transmission, reciting every day as a Dharmakaya Buddha (Dhammakayaa) presenting the sermon to enlighten people.

Theravada Theravada Buddhism literature is memorized memorized, oral transmission, reciting every day as a Dharmakaya Buddha (Dhammakayaa) presenting the sermon to enlighten people.

Theravada Theravada Buddhist texts and literature

Buddhist scriptures Originally  , the Theravada Theravada Buddhist literature was originally transmitted orally, then engraved on stone, transcribed on the leaves of the lineage circulating in Srilanka (Sri Lanka) Burma (Burma) Cambodia, Laos , India (India) and in some areas of Buddhism in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Vietnam in 03 baskets (Tripitaka) are: Sutta pitaka; Tibetan Law (Vinaya pitaka); Abhidhamma Pitaka (Abhidhamma Pitaka). The Tripitaka is conveyed by 09 literary genres:

The Buddhist scriptures Originally, the Theravada Theravada Buddhism literature was originally transmitted orally, then engraved on stone, written on the leaf

1. Sutta (Sutta)  genre, with analytical content (Vibhaṅga) and interpretation (Niddesa), popular in Vinaya and Sutra such as Sutra School (Dìgha Nikaya), Sutra Sutra (Samyutta Nikaya) , Law Products (Mahavagga), Law Products (Culla vagga)

2. Controversy (Geyya)  has two types of prose and rhymes (quotations); or the sermons with the parable (Sagāthā) found much in the Sutra and the Vinaya

3. Signature theory (Veyyākaraṇa)  prose genre with the content of philosophy and philosophy system (including elements of mind, mind, mind's process, process of basic material) is found in the Sutra Pitaka and A Bhikkhu Bodhisattva are few in the Law (Vinaya).

4 Shelf language (Gāthā)  literary genre: such as the Elder Sangha (Theragāthā), Elder Ni shelf (Therīgāthā), Dhammapada (Dhammapada), and some shelves in the Sutraipāta (Suttanipāta) is the literary genre Study has been used by Monk Brahman to transform thoughts, compose, show evidence.

5. Inspirational language (Udāna ) consists of 82 verses that the Buddha uttered himself, not by anyone who asked the sermon. This literary genre genre is popular in ancient residents' life in India in ancient times.

6. As the doctrine (Itivuttaka)  consists of 110 sermons that are opened and concluded with the phrase "Vuttaṃ h'etaṃ bhagavatā" (This was mentioned by The Buddha). This literary genre is found in the Minor.

7. Born (Jātaka)  of 550 stories related to Buddha and related characters (Buddha's precursor story). The genre of births connects events, characters, circumstances from the past to the present to identify issues of causality, karmic conditions, characters in events.

8. Property (Abbhūtadhamma)  means strange and miraculous things that are unlikely. This literary genre conveys special contents such as the four miraculous magic of King Luan Wang; the four wonders of false religion Ānanda ...

9. Phuong Quang (Vedalla)  literary genre conveying the questions and answers, leading to the experience of realizing truths such as: Kinh Cūlavedalla (Phuong Quang Small Business), Mahāvedalla (Dai Kinh Phuong Phuong), Sammādiṭṭhi Sutra (Chief Justice knowledge), Sakkapañhā (Sutra Love question).

Theravada Theravada Buddhism literature is also found in the texts like Mi-mingi (Milanda Panha) explained; presented through poetry, epics such as the Mahavamsa (Sri Lankan history), Dipavamsa (History Island) and explanatory notes on the suttas through a number of books that have been translated and composed by many Thais like Mr. Budhaghosa , Mr. Dhammapala has 76 episodes.

Philosophy of Theravada Theravada Buddhism literature

Philosophy in Theravada Buddhist literature based on the rule: Because this is present, the other is present. Since this is not present, the other is not present. Because this gives birth to the other. Because this kills the other.

Everything qualified (charm) born not qualified does not generate, " Who sees the Coast, he sees the dharma; who sees the dharma, he sees grace ".

Karma is everyone's karma, deliberately acting out thinking that will create bad karma.

“My ear and nose eyes of people, the inside of them are in a state of change that brings suffering… no bigotry. Everything is not mine " This is not mine, this is not me, this is not my self ", need to be considered intellectually.

Theravada Theravada Buddhism literature language

The language of the Buddha preaching Dharma is the traditional language of the Sakyamuni (Father) line, the Koliya line (mother), the language of the kings (Khattiya) class of Sakyamuni and the contemporary common language.

The Buddha rejected the proposal of the brothers Bhikshu Yamelu and Tekula with a linguistic talent for translating Buddha's Dharma through the poetic language of Sankrit; The Buddha allowed monks to study the Dharma in their own dialect. The author Budhaghosa (IV century BC) has suggested that the word saka nirutti (dialect) here is the language Magadha (Kama Da) at that time.         

The Buddha rejected the proposal of the brothers Bhikshu Yamelu and Tekula with a linguistic talent for translating Buddha's Dharma through the poetic language of Sankrit; The Buddha allowed monks to study the Dharma in their own dialect.

The era of Buddha, in India there are more than 12 countries and tribes that have created the strength of Indian cultural tradition, the Magadha (Ma Kiet) under the rule of King Qin Ba Sa La (Bimbisara) 543-491 BC) has an important geopolitical position throughout the Ganges delta (Ganga), developed agriculture, abundant produce, river transport, convenient roads, and connections with States nearby, many traders came to Magadha to exchange goods, so the Maghadha language was used to exchange trade, goods and social culture in the merchant class of the Ganges.

Magadha language is not the Sankrit language of the Brahmin class. Due to the characteristics of Sankrit language containing poetry, scholarship, ritual of worshiping Pham Thien saints. Magadha language can be a secular language mixed with Sanskrit (hydrid Sanskrit), the ability of Magadha language formed from the kings class (khattiya) mixed with the native dialect to serve the benefit of the majority becomes Prakit literary language is capable of accommodating diverse cultures.

The language of Magadha or Kosala language is the precursor language of Pali or the Pali language, which has become the inspiration of many later researchers such as the Budhaghosa IV century, Rhys Davids, Oldenberg, Geiger in the nineteenth century XX ...

The fourth century Budhaghosa thesis used the Pali language to record the entire line of Theravada Buddhism on the leaves or Pali Tripitaka (Tipitaka).

Theravada Buddhism literature through the ages

Osoka era (304-232 BC)

King Asoka's reign (Adep), Buddhism became a national religion, a flourishing Buddhist art and literature such as carved art and architecture (stupa pagoda) developed many places such as Stupa Sanchi Church of Relics The Buddha in southern India later became a model for the development of Buddhist art in Southeast Asian, South Asian, Prakit, and widely popularized scripts. Emperor Asoka used Brahmi Alphabet for residents of the Magadha capital and the south. The Kharosthi alphabet for northwestern regions (Pakistan Afghanistan today) disseminates the views of King Asoka through Buddhist thought.

Regarding religion:  "People should not criticize each other's religious criticism. Those who only know their religion, criticize the religion of others, are themselves harming their religion, so people should listen and respect the doctrines that other religious people believe, even should learn the teachings of other religions ”.

In morality, people voluntarily practice " few bad things, many good, benevolent, tolerant, honest and pure"  to overcome their personal, non-violent self (ahimsa); respect life.

Regarding social relations " Conquering others should be peaceful and light. Consider conquering with Dharma is the real conquest, because it has results in this life and the next. Rejoice in the joy of Dharma-rati, because it brings good results in this life and the next. ”  (Dharma thought).

No gift with a gift of Dharma-dana, no acquaintance by knowing the Dharma-samstava, no sharing by sharing the Dharma-samvibhaga, and no familiarity with the familiarity of the Dharma-Dharma (Dharma-sambandha), so treat the maids with respect, respect their parents, help friends, wives, children, and practitioners, and do not kill Everyone can benefit from merit right in this life and the next life.

The reign of King Asoka (Adū), Buddhism became the state religion, Buddhist art and literature flourished

The spirit of tolerance The non-violence becomes a central philosophy in the perception of people. During this period, there were many religious beliefs in operation, many other philosophers of different religious angles were recognized by the society as having explained and mistakenly explained the original Buddhist thought, so the master Mogalliputta Tissa had mastered The Conference on Legal and Law Conciliation (Dhamma Vinaya), comparing each sentence, each idea, explaining and discussing the mistakes of contemporary philosophical literature.

The conference concluding the French part (Dhamma) in the category of Literary Literature (Veyyakarana) is divided into a separate section called Abhidhamma (A Bhikkhu), 500 philosophical perceptions of thought in the form of answers questions. correct the thought of Theravada Theravada Buddhist philosophy. National monk Mogalliputta Tissa sent 09 delegates to teach areas in and outside India.

One of the nine (09) delegates went to Sri Lanka, headed by Mahinda (monk Asoka's son) to guide and bring the recited Tripitaka system in Pataliputta city (Hoa Thi Thanh) to Sri Lanka. laying the foundation for the development of Theravada Theravada Buddhist tradition here and developing the world later. Another delegation was preached by 02 masters Sona and Uttara to Suvanna Bhumi (Golden Land) region of Southeast Asia today.

Primitive Buddhist literature of the Asoka era was popularized by oral tradition, written on stone. Many sutras of the Buddha through about 33 editions of King Asoka are widely spread in all walks of life, the Tripitaka system.

Theravada Theravada Buddhist literature uses traditional methods: oral transmission, memorizing memorization, daily reading and writing on stones to disseminate and protect Theravada Buddhist doctrine.

King Vattagamini (104 - 74) in Sri Lanka (Sri Lanka) the throne war, plundering poverty, has pushed the population to regularly move their living places to affect the number of monks reading and chanting. memorized the Tripitaka, Theravada Theravada Buddhist literature from the oral tradition of this period developed more writing on stone, let go, metal (gold and silver) to preserve.

Theravada Theravada Buddhism literature in Vietnam

Literature Theravada Theravada Buddhist Vietnam known very soon contain many treasures within France through the  Sutra on the the  third century translated by Kang Senghui;  Araham's Virtues of Liberation of the Century Over the millennia these texts are still fascinating, the content is filled with information that enthralled researchers, the skills that help people approach civilized methods ago. several thousand years.

Many works in Pali language in the commentary, the prize, the prize of the dissertation, the higher monks studied the practice of re-writing. .END=NAM MIO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH,GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY,26/6/2019.