ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE BUSINESS REPORT GLOSSARY BUDDHA.

 

Features a glossary.

Before conducting the account of the great commentaries and many other diverse work we are indebted to him Buddhaghosa , in our humble opinion, it's very beneficial if we dissect an issue weight: it is to learn a bit about the origin and evolution of Buddhist scriptures glossary expression in the works annotated and interpreted and explained the teachings of Sakyamuni ( Sakyas .)

However, first make a few comments on the features a glossary seem equally necessary. According to Indian tradition, a glossary must be interpreted as read the new meaning where the ancient texts, combined with the education and the perspective of each of us. The commentary was to explain the words and speculations of others very accurate and honest, and the judgment can be applied to any other commentaries in Sanskrit (Sanskrit) known as Pali . A glossary or bhasya, known in Sanskrit as such, of course, includes the advertising link succinct speeches or words succinctly express the meaning and denoted as the great Sanskrit poet Magha was described in famous works Kavya [1] of him. But at the same time always see a unique element similar definition given by Bharata in his dictionary editor has pointed out: "Those who are proficient in the glossary ( Bhaysas) called a glossary ( Bhasya ) at the angle he peeled meaning a verse (sutra ) are condensed, which is expressed by from the progress in text and, moreover, to express the meaning of words exegetes of the set. " [2] We shall see in the following table reports on progress concerning a glossary of Buddhist literature, that his methods were used from orientation according to the Explanatory Notes famous author, but this has always been adapting to expound how the original text.

The need to have the scriptures glossary

Prior to the discussion of the origin of Buddhist scriptures, commentaries, we are faced with a reality that is: the need to have the correct interpretation of the words of the Buddha are formed as guiding principles for life and living community where the Sangha ( Sangha ,) was felt right from the beginning when the Buddha was born of money. However, there are advantages in that time the controversial issue controversy may come immediately ask Buddha to find the right solutions, and at this point we had encountered, which is the first stage appearance of the glossary of Buddhist scriptures as we will see below. These testimonies have been specified for the fact that only a few years after the Buddha attained enlightenment, Buddhist centers have been established in the vicinity of many important towns and large cities in such as: Benares, Rajagaha, Vesali, Nalanda, Pava, Ujjeni, Campa, Uttara Madhura , Ulumpa, Savatthi etc .. Each place usually appear a community of Monks are under the leadership and guidance of one or many famous disciples of the Buddha as Mahakassapa, Mahakaccayana, Mahakotthita, Sariputta, Moggallana . Compliance with international law of the current leader, or the Buddhist philosophy fluent, they often last season in the royal park or resort in a monastery and then often see each other once a year at Rajagaha, Veluvana, Savatthi or elsewhere. They often talk to each other and sometimes invite all the Buddha fluent contemporary philosophy anymore. It is now well known.

Exchanging ideas, where the early disciples of the Buddha

Among the leaders of various monks, some very famous and understanding of Buddhist teachings, others more prominent in international law, have the celebrity of comment and analysis, and others on ascetical practice, a number of talented storytellers, lectures resources, others fluent scriptures, literature racks etc .. [3] Among the followers and Buddhists who came from the family of class Range Brahmin and very fluent Phệ-momentum and that the entire literature. Nature we see emerging is a problem, "The whole period of the day the monk educated erudite and intensive drug that has preoccupied in what jobs?

The Buddhist and Jaina texts was handed to us mobile meditators at that time has traveled all over the country, wherever they stop, they are conducting these discussions very critically about topics related to religion, philosophy, ethics, morality and politics. [4] These discussions so to clear the talk of the famous Zen masters often the cause help developing Buddhist literature, especially the commentaries of Buddhist scriptures. There are many fascinating passages in the Tripitaka ( Tripitaka ) clearly shows that, sometimes contemporary events also arises where the monk who is very much the subject of discussion, or their serenity sometimes disturbed by the serious suspicion should to the Buddha or his disciples resolved. Every time the scriptures related fluent speech and intense enthusiasm "sometimes to disparage the idea of the Buddha, the Dhamma decry or criticize the authorized position in the church" [5 ] ; whenever a style wise it misinterpreted the Buddha, [6] every time the thrilling debate broke out where any group other contemporary disciples, [7] or some monk acted improperly, often they will meet again in the hall to dissect the problem, often the Buddha or the Buddha encouraged his disciples urge to save the common interest. Through such opportunities Buddha gave some historical interpretations about the appropriate ethical precepts very popular with the Dhamma as, "You must avoid evil, and what good practice beautiful. " [8] means he has to explain to the Law on Gender related aspects positive or negative. This international law has now been merged into thirteen Beijing ( Suttas ) first in Digha Nikaya- and also quite popular in business Silakkhandha - "Morality Buddhist Essays," is the first book in the series Digha. [9] On another occasion he Potaliputta, a Catholic missionary character travels, visited samādhi , and says the following, "As far as the Buddha Gautama, I actually heard him say, Karma (Kamma) by action or in words, it is not now ( Kamma) at all. Industrial real ( Kamma) derived simply from the way reflections or by the will (volition) only. Because knowledge only after they I feel the nothingness. (that is beyond all sensory experience, joy or sorrow) "

In response to the words on Samiddhi stated the following, "Do not say that, dear old friend Pataliputta, please do not talk about him like that. Please do not distort our views like that teacher, there is nothing good Where healed. He never said so at all. "

"But this Samiddhi, please let me know, people are going to go through something as a result of their deliberate actions both in thoughts, actions and words. "answer is just cause" distress "only. [10]

Annotation of Buddha

When this debate caught the ear of the Buddha, he was very sorry that Samiddhi dull answer to give such a way on the second point of the zodiac monks wander the Buddha never met when longer lifetime. The answer accurate and complete in this case is: "We certainly have experienced joy or misery, or not experienced anything (happy nor miserable, too)" But venture to answer Samiddhi the first side, he has nothing against.

The issue is whether there Samiddhi wise or foolhardy to it is, right from childhood, has formed a transparent and feasibility of Buddha lengthy involves a very important issue that is held Explaining Karma (Kamma), called Mahakammavibhanga, [11] in contrast with more concise interpretation of him, it was Culakamma-Vibhanga  [12] was explaining to a scholar Brahmin youth named Subha. Therefore we can affirm that Mahakamma Vibhanga is (Sutta) refers to the most basic interpretation of Abhidhamma about sikkhapada Vibhanga subsumed second book of the Abhidhamma Pitaka . [13] But on Actually, the latter interpretation both have left the impression in the literary nature of religious commentators, as work Nettipakana and Atthasalini [14] as well as similar work proved and analysis more seriously. We can give the interpretation Kamma by Buddhaghosa in his implementation Atthasalini is the point of convergence of both work on.

Works Majjhima Nikaya contains also all other interpretations of the Buddha's well known, especially the works Salayatana Vibhanga , [15] Rarana Vibhanga [16] Dhatu Vibhanga [17] and Dakkhina Vibhanga [18] has captured the taste proper place in literary Abhidhamma and many articles more valuable interpretations have been supplemented. The works on also paved the way for the following glossary of Buddhist scriptures, of course including his immortal work Buddhaghosa .

Glossary his Buddhist scriptures Sariputta

The next person to mention that he Sariputta , the Buddha's disciples, we also learned a commentary on four Truth Aryan , which is the work Saccavibhanga , [19] were accounted worthy position in the first book two works Abhidhamma Pitaka , a more advanced glossary called Abhidhammabhajniya was supplemented, based on the commentaries of Sutta . His commentaries Sariputta available include multiple segments, or discontinuous material together ancient than the whole literature pitaka have been stoked. Clips individual comments have been added to Beijing Sattipatthana Sutta , itself is a glossary, and contains enough data to distinguish between Beijing satipaṭṭhāna Sutta in work Majjhima Nikaya and Beijing Mahasatipatthana Sutta in The Digha Nikaya .

A complete teachings include words and interpretative passages like that was assigned to him Sariputta written and very popular with the name of Beijing Sangiti Suttanta [20] is still a translation of Buddhist scriptures from Sanskrit to advance the Tibetan and Chinese entitled Sutra Sangiti Parayaya . He Sariputta collection methods used many different topics are titled and numbered lists explained by normal, this has been applied in the immortal teachings just mentioned above, it also illustrates the characteristics of the two older collections, it is samyutta and Anguttara and some work Abhidhamma other, especially works puggala Panna TTI, including the majority of the material was excerpted from works Anguttara Nikaya . Only natural events shows clearly the nature of his work Sariputta relevant literature closely with the Tripitaka ( Pitaka ). But he Sariputta not study all the problems listed above. We also need to pay attention to a few famous disciple, with more thorough education of the Buddha, of which there are a few women, in their own way they did help boost the development of interpretation Buddhist scripture.

Development of Buddhist scriptures annotated by some disciples of Buddha done - he Mahakaccayana

For example, his case Mahakaccayana , is a very famous for having left us an interpretation works exactly to detail and very briefly about what the Buddha taught. Only works Majjihima Nikaya also gives us four arrays interpretative documents by Mr. Mahakaccayana write [21] is very valuable historical foundation in forming the next three later works. [22] All three works, two written in Pali and Sanskrit are attributed to him as author. His meager details Mahakaccano conveyed to us today was very important for another reason: that they were exposing the workings of the human mind in many different directions. It is interesting to us that the work concerned Mahakaccano, at a certain level has helped us assess the array Data from this meager, very rarely pursued listed machinery and create those from his expertise as Sariputta did. On the contrary, he has limited himself by giving the inner meaning and philosophy actually transmit the basic principles of the Buddha. Gone Gandhavamsa , a work of modern steam nature, perhaps because he Nandapanna write in Burma in the 17th century, [23] chose him Mahakaccayana as a teacher, not only joined the first Conference or interpreting the teachings of Buddha, but also the people who compiled the form of separate thesis. [24] He Mahakaccayana mentioned as one Jambudvipa , which means a consultant religion (Chaplain) for King Candapradyota water Avanti, with its capital at Ujjayini . [25] The religious works following glossary has been assigned to the wise Mahakaccayana author:

1) Kaccayanagandho.
2) Mahainiruttigandho
3) Cullaniruttigandho
4) Nettigandho.
5) Petakopadesagandho
6) Vannanitigandho

Mahakottita

Here we will get acquainted with Him Makotthita , a prestigious character is not inferior to any one, except the Buddha in terms of Patisambhida, called Buddha methodology used for analysis. In the work Majjhima Nikaya we read these documents his research on the features or the specific differences concerning the common abstract element encompassing diverse experience. [26] Together He noted that while we rely on a possible misconceptions that may occur. Reason, understanding, perception, sensation etc .. not the entity. We can analyze, but all are in solidarity with one another in an impossible reality glasses. The first part explains regarded as the foundation's history Lakkhanahara in work Nettipakarana , including some excerpts of works Milanda-Panho  [27] and some advertising performance in the commentaries of Buddhaghosa ; [28] we I also have a similar dedication in the work Moggallana, Ananda, Dhammadinna and Khema, but not necessarily expose many other examples.

Works Abhidhamma , a glossary of Buddhist scriptures

Delve content Marvelous Tibetan Abdhiammapitaka second book shows clearly the distinction clear between the two works (Sutta) and Marvelous ( Abhidhamma Pitaka s), how this distinction primarily based on the differences in implementing ( modus operandi ) only. Marvelous organ method primarily based application and follow the directions exegesis, which obviously has been applied previously. Of course the difference between the two methods is not only depending on the level, but sometimes longer, depending on category. Whether in fact the organ interpretation Abhidhamma is direct, clear and systematic, we can not in all circumstances for the value of this work annotated always predominates Business Glossary. Between Buddhist scholars still have many different opinions, do not understand what works Abhidhamma record really is the word of the Buddha Gautama or not [29] . But there certainly is largely text-based circuit preacher's words and annotations of great sages. Chances are he Sariputta or some invisible hand intervened in this work outside the scenes, but a comprehensive review, beliefs, and history has finally proved it was the words Buddha's. He Buddhaghosa had arranged the whole organ Marvelous Veyyakarana or annotated. We also know: work arrangements including texts written in prose, not seen stored in archives ancient Buddhist literature [30] . The debate continues to see Literature Phệ-momentum is not necessarily organized into different categories. There is no reason that Beijing Culavedalla and Mahā vedalla in work Majjhima Nikaya not listed among Veyyakarana .

Two layers Veyyakarana in ancient Buddhist literature

In all cases it was clearly demonstrated in the Tripitaka ( Tripitakas ), except the Katthavatthu compiled in the 3rd century BC, we can affirm still have two layers Veyyakarana , ie Suttabhajaniya and Abhidhammabhajaniya . Khandha, Vibhanga, Niddesa - just as the synonym of the same term. This means that Beijing contains terms (terminology), the definition (definition), listed and interpreted. Although words like Khandha, Vibhanga , Niddesa listed or not also create a great first distance; and six on Abhidhamma , entirely based on Scripture, to create a second gap to annotate Buddhist scriptures. Approximately a third way is not easy to identify.

The works of Mahakaccayana

We have a choice of a number of works [31] assigned to him Mahakaccano and work Katthavatthu among which he Maggliputta Tissa be considered the author. Concerning the time the work was written, there is certainly this work was written around the time of the third Buddhist Conference held under the patronage of King Asoka . Where his work Mahakaccano have a little different. A careful study of manuscripts of works Petakapadeso indicate whether this work is compiled in period might be, it is only a complement thesis work Nettikarana discovered by Professor E. Hardy operating in Europe. A Buddhist works written in Sanskrit, book Jnaprasthana Sastra by a citizen who Mahakatyayana write, according to Professor Takakusu said, this work is considered the official text by Sarvastivadins write. Thesis Sastra is he Vasuvandhu mentioned in writings Abhidharmakosa [32] as one of the seven books Abhidhamma . His works have been Sangha deva translated into Chinese by the year 383 after BA. An additional translations by writers translated Hiuen Tsang in AD 657, he also translated Mahā-vibhasasastra Abhidharma , a work annotating works Mahakatyayana compiled during the Conference under Kaniska as emperor. A Chinese traveler said work Jnaprasthana Sastra is written three hundred years after the Buddha passed away. But the Buddhist scholars still have to solve the problem of whether the work Jnaprasthana nothing related to work Nettipakarana and work Patthana , is on Saturday in the Abhidhammapitaka or not. Works Netti , but now we have in hand, which has a section entitled include a classification of passage in Tripitaka under the key ideas of the author. Review the value extracted excerpts from works by professors Takakusu Jnanaasthana offer, we can verify immediately all such work consistent with work Abhidhamma written in Sanskrit, but also on Patthana , I may conjecture concerned a little with the later works, two works of Netti and Jnanaprasthana have many similarities, as both are written with the same purpose.

In the opening paragraph or two pages written in his works, Mahakaccayna frankly for his work is not to start with a new idea, but only to give a systematic commentaries and analysis the expressions of others ( parathoghosa ). Works Parikkharahara [33] by Netti write just one chapter is based on work Patthana , however the above paragraph also sheds some new light on the subject of causal relationship. As seen in the writing of Mayasamutthana . He Mahakaccayana to mention the schism or heresy for others, he was clearly distinguishable with other people outside the religion. Such a thing can not happen in the first centuries after the Buddha has entered Nirvana ( Nibbana ). This in turn contained in four books Nikaya and all the more ancient books of the three organs ( pitaka s) as has been quoted many passages. No need to go further into detail many others, we are not far from the truth to infer that his works Mahakaccayana surely organic bond between the Tripitaka on one side and the next text . So if we have to proceed choose between the works of Buddhaghosa and work Katthavatthu , of course the priority right for his products.END=NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGTHMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.20/11/2015.