Section 15

 

2- Lower 45 in Beluva village near Vesali [1]  (-545)

After crossing the Ganga River at Pataliputta, the Buddha and the congregation go to  Kotigama. The Buddha stayed at Kotigama for a few days to teach a large number of beggars here about how to practice the Four Noble Truths to end suffering and return to the village of  Nadika.. Here the Buddha and the congregation rest in a brick house called Ginjakavasatha. Here, on the occasion of the Venerable Ananda asked the Buddha about the students were common in this area, among them are the nuns Sundari Nanda, sister of the Buddha, the mendicant Salha, Nadika, laywoman Sujata In the past, he gave bowls of rice porridge to the Buddha, and the lay followers of Kakudha, Bhadda, Subhadda, etc. The Buddha said that these sutras, together with about fifty others who lived there, sotapanna to anagami, two mendicants have attained Arahant. Buddha taught people how to practice comprehension and firmly believe in Buddha, Dharma and Sangha can look into the  mirror Dharma [2] (Dhammadasa) and then  to observe it themselves center To know if you have been in the liberation stream, no need to ask anyone else. 

Severe illness in Beluva, near Vesali [3]

Leaving Nadika, the Buddha and the congregation, to the thriving Vesali  capital  of Vajji, housed in Ambapali's mango orchard in Amvara. Ms. Ambapali set up the ceremony to raise the next day. At the ceremony, she donated her mango garden to the congregation of the mendicants, and she also asked to be ordained, later attained arahantship.

A few days later, the Buddha left Vesali to go to the village of  Beluvagamaka  (now Basarli) on the outskirts of Vesali. The first rain fell, lasting nearly two days. The Buddha decided to settle in Beluva this year, and advised the monks of the troupe to enter in or around the city of Vesali because the village of Beluva has no convenient place for the congregation to enter the general. This is the 45th Anniversary of the Buddha's enlightenment in Bodh-Gaya, and also the final season of the Buddha.

In the middle of the holiday season this year the Buddha was seriously ill. The body is extremely painful. He rests, does not moan, holds on to mindfulness and breathing. People think that Buddha will not pass. But unexpectedly after a week, Buddha overcome the pain. Health gradually recovered. A few days later the Buddha stood up himself, went out of the am, sat on a rock in front of the sun to dry.

The Buddha taught refuge in the self-nature of the Triple Jewel [4] 

Venerable Ananda came to sit beside the Buddha, saying:

-  Buddha, forty years now I have not seen Bhagavan serious illness like this. The day of silence lay silent all day unmoving, I feel bad legs and limbs. My mind was not clear at the time, I thought that the Blessed One would not pass away. But he said to himself: The Blessed One has no will at all for the almsgiving congregation, then the Sun has not entered Nirvana. Thanks to such a thought that peace of mind to be somewhat.

-  Hey Ananda, the mendicant congregation is waiting for anything in the Tathagata again that teacher told me that Tathagatas have to leave a will? The Tathagata has been taught thoroughly Tathagata for everyone, there is something for the practice of liberation that Tathagata has not taught you yet?

This is Ananda,  the refuge of the congregation is the Dharma, not a teacher.  Teachers do not seek refuge other than Dharma. Each person must take the Dharma himself as a refuge. Must live according to the Proper Dharma. You must live according to your own pure mind. This is Ananda, Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha are available in each of us: the possibility of enlightenment is the Buddha, the Dharma practice is French, the diligent practice is the Sangha . No one can rob the Buddha, Dharma, Raise the body of the teacher. Although heaven and earth are inclined to fall, the self-contained Three Jewels in each person is still intact. That is your safest refuge . The mendicant returns to staying in mindfulness, contemplating the body, feeling, mind and object of the mind, which is the mendicant who has the strongest refuge . Another person, be it the patriarch, the captain, or his tutor, is no longer a better abode than the self-contained Three Jewels available in each.

Hey Ananda, what you need to know Tathagata has taught enough. The Tathagata Tathagata made ready. Teach the torch by yourself to go.

Hey Ananda, the Tathagata does not think that anyone must lead the Sikh or the Baptist Church depending on whom. Why do I have to leave the testament about the Church?

Hey Ananda,  now Tathagata is exhausted, old and weak and almost to the day of leaving. As Lai was nearly eighty years old, it was no more than an old carriage that  needed strings to tie the parts, keeping it from leaving. The body of the Tathagata today also needs the same rope [5] .

Hey Ananda, as long as Tathagata no longer think of things around, all feelings are terminated, the mind is completely relaxed and immobile, the body of the Tathagata is very comfortable.

Venerable Sariputta passed away at Nalaka. [6] 

At the end of the 45th season, the Buddha's health was restored. One morning, Cunda's follower, Venerable Sariputta, travels from Upatissa village (Nalaka), Nalanda district, to Beluva village, entering the monastery of Ananda Venerable with a tired face on the road. As Venerable Ananda saw, he sobbed, tears cluttered on his cheeks dusty. Venerable Ananda, then stood up, reached out and took out two cassettes, a bowl and a container of sacred ash bones of Venerable Sariputta. Sob sob sob, speechless. And you do not need to say anything. As soon as he came in, Venerable Ananda immediately understood what had happened. The monk hugged him in his arms, so he cried for a moment and led him to sit under the tree in front of the door. Cunda saunders cry, he begins to tell:

Venerable Sariputta came to Upatissa to visit his mother, Rupa-Sari, who gave her a sermon.After hearing her finished results Tu-momentum. The monk took care of her until she died. After the cremation of Ms. Sari, available full of relatives and residents know the village, Venerable sermon for them to hear. Everyone listened attentively because the Venerable Master said very well. Dharma talks about life is impermanent and is filled with suffering as well as mental, Dharma is the only way that can lead people out of the sea of ​​birth and death to pure peace. After the Dharma, the Venerable took refuge in the Three Jewels for nearly ten people. Then that night, on the moonlit night of the month of Kattika (11 dl), the monk sat in the lotus position in the room where he was born. Early the next morning, Cunda knew that the Venerable Sariputta had passed away at midnight. Before that, the Venerable said that the Venerable want to enter the Buddha before, and told Cunda should bring the bowl and relics of the Venerable to the Buddha and ask him to accompany him.

Venerable Ananda wiped her eyes, stood up, led the little Cunda to see the Buddha, brought the vassals, bowls and vases of Venerable Sariputta. The Buddha stood quietly watching the cassia, bowl and the relics of the first disciple. A long time later, Buddha rubs his head uncle Cunda, and told Ananda arranged for him to go near the Buddha. Venerable Ananda said:

Well  , when you hear that your brother passed away, you feel badly limb, and your mind is lost.I'm so sad.

-  Ananda, brother of the teacher when he passed away bring all the world, the wisdom, wisdom and liberation where?

-  Lord, is not that. I think that Sariputta's father at the time of his birth has served the Dharma and the Blessed One very well in all areas, from the teaching of Dharma to the organization of retreat and guide us whenever someone has not understood anything. Clear or do not know how to practice properly. Both Moggallana and Sariputta are no longer present. Congregation has suffered great loss.We feel empty, helpless, mourn a brother who was kindly anxious to teach us when the Sun was absent.

-  Ananda, Tathagata has repeatedly reminded him that as long as there is birth there is kill, there is reunion is dissociated. The dharmas are the same, the transformation is not stop, the city, the pillars, no, not. We should look at the dharmas like the dew drops on the tip of the grass, like the image in a water bubble, like lightning in the rain, like a flower in the middle of nowhere. But if we live with the reality, the nature of things, we will see things with the same nature, not not kill, not dirty, not clean, not increase not reduce [7]. Hey Ananda, your two brothers never lost. The spirit of Moggallana and Sariputta are still there, Moggallana and Sariputta's career is still there, the thoughts and words of Moggallana and Sariputta are still there, where the Tathagata, where the monks, where Cunda, where the flamboyant, where the aisles, where the trees, the lawn, everywhere. Hey Ananda, please calm down, stop thinking, to see the immortal nature of the two brothers brothers. Hey Ananda, Sariputta is enlightened, a great intellectual and compassionate, but Sariputta must be the ashes of this relic. Hey Ananda, you should not let your mind be entangled in conditioned things. You should know Yasodhara is love, Sudatta is great vow, Moggallana is filial, Mahakassapa is devotee, Punna Mantaniputta is missionary, Anuruddha is diligent.

King of Kosala was private, he sent messengers to invite bowl and relics of the Venerable Sariputta of Sravasti and church towers built in Jetavana [8] . Later, villagers and Buddhists also built a giant brick tower of Sariputta at the Nalanda Buddhist University.

3 - Buddha entered Nirvana at Kusinagar  [9]  (-544)

The Buddha reportedly would have died in three months. [10]

One day, after the completion, Buddha and Ananda from Beluva enter the Vesali mall, consummation in a cluster of forests. Give newspaper:

-  Ananda, let's go to Capala for lunch break.

On the way, Buddha stopped many times to see the scenery. Buddha said:

-  Ananda, Vesali is beautiful. Udena Temple is also beautiful. Other temples in the area like Gotamaka, Sattanbaka and Bahuputta are also beautiful temples. The Capala Temple we are about to visit is also beautiful.

But the Venerable Ananda is saddened by the farewell of the Venerable Sariputta, oblivious to the surroundings. For a while, Lord Buddha said:

-  Hey Ananda, do you know? Those who have cultivated and developed all the virtues, practiced full of great vows, fully experienced the reality of pure peace, have all kinds of good means, if they wish, can live up to Centennial or maybe a little more. This Ananda, Tathagata has cultivated and developed all the virtues, practiced full of great vows, full experience of pure peace and reality, with all kinds of good means. If you want, Tathagata can live to a hundred years, or maybe a little more .

-  The Lord, yes.

Venerable Ananda is dreamily remembering good memories with Venerable Sariputta. I do not know what the Buddha said and how he responded. Later, he regretted the opportunity to ask the Buddha for a few more decades.

Arriving at Capala, after arranging the resting place for the Buddha, Venerable Ananda went out to meditate. While walking meditation, the vicar suddenly realized that the land trembled violently as his mental state also shaken. The monk hurried back to the Capala, seeing the Buddha sitting quietly in the temple. Venerable Ananda presents the phenomenon of earthquakes just happened and asked the reason. Buddha said:

-  Ananda, there are eight reasons for the great earthquake: Firstly, because the upland land, the upland rice on the wind, the wind swept into space, so when the wind blows in the water, the water makes the earth moving. The second is when a monk is possessed or when a god has the power to practice local wisdom or meditation. Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday are when a Bodhisattva is born, born, or enlightened. Friday is when the Buddha turned the wheel. Saturday is when the Buddha decides to die. The eighth is when the Buddha entered the great bowl of Nirvana.

Hey Ananda, Tathagata has decided. In another three months Tathagata will kill.

Venerable Ananda suddenly felt limbs and eyes, flowers, head stunned. The monk kneeled down before the Buddha and begged:

-  Please do not die out so early. May the Blessed Mother have mercy on us.

The Buddha sat silent. Ananda repeated the request for a third time. Buddha said:

-  Enough, Ananda, should not ask for Tathagata. The time of invocation has passed. Hey Ananda, if you have faith in Tathagata, then you should know that the Tathagata's decisions are timely and conditioned decisions. Tathagata said Tathagata will kill in three months time. Please invite all the mendicants in the area to the Kutagara hall in Mahavana. Seven days later Tathagata will announce this decision to the masses.

On the seventh day, over one thousand five hundred mendicants and nuns gathered at Kutagara.The Buddha was invited to sit on the court. Buddha looked at the mass and then spoke:

-  What are the Tathagata, what Tathagata has realized and handed over to you, carefully guarded, diligently learned, practiced to experience, and skillfully communicated to future generations. Alive lifestyle should be continued for peace and happiness of all species.

Hey monks, the Tathagatas that Tathagatas have imparted to you many, but can be summed up in 37 counts. Practices such as the four foundations of mindfulness, the four main Chanh Can, the four as well as the Five, the Five Powers, the Enlightenment, the Noble Eightfold Path, you must diligently learn, practice to realize, then cleverly communicate Flambels or: Buck plug7 Buckelsfieldsullauerupels Flut plug or. Danielelsels Flelsburg

Hey, Tathagata has often said that the compounded nature is impermanent, there is birth is kill, there is a dissolved. Please be progressive to achieve liberation . Three more months Tathagata will kill. So what is doubtful or not clear, please raise yourself or ask others to raise the means to explain, do not let too late.

More than one thousand five hundred mendicants sat quietly listening to the Buddha said. Listen to the Buddha is about to kill, everyone is heartbreaking. There are many whimsical crying. There are many wipes with tears. No one is up to the question now.

Bowl of mushroom porridge by the blacksmith [11]  Cunda [12] 

The next morning, Buddha went to the capital Vesali alms. Alone finished the Buddha to a cluster of forests to eat the boy. Then the Buddha and the mendicants left Vesali, heading northwest, along the banks of the Hiranyavati River (now the Gandak River). Looking back at Vesali, the Buddha said:

-  Ananda, Vesali is beautiful. This is the last time I see this city in Tathagata; Tathagata will never return here again.

Then the Buddha looked back and said:

-  Now let's go to Bhandagama village  .

Upon hearing that the Buddha was about to enter Nirvana and was about to leave Vesali, the Licchavi princes and the pride of the Buddhist followers were very popular. Many times the Buddha advised them to come back, but everyone was ruled, not heart. The Buddha caused the illusion of a large river between the Buddha and them, the water is rising and flowing force makes the farewell to return to Vesali. In the third century, King Asoka built a memorial stone pillar at the site of Deora, in present-day Kesariya.

That afternoon to Bhandagama, the Buddha sermon on the three hundred masters of gender, concentration, wisdom and liberation. After a few days' rest, Bhandagama left for  Hatthigama , then to  Ambagama  and  Jambugama . Wherever the Buddha visits and encourages the novices to diligently diligently practice.

Then the Buddha and the mendicants came to the village of  Bhoganagara . Here the Buddha taught the four Mahapadesa, as follows:

-  When you listen to what is the Buddha's teachings, even if the person is virtuous and competent, you should not accept or refute it immediately. You should listen carefully and compare each word, every word with the Sutra and the Law. If it is both suitable with the Sutta and in accordance with the Law, then surely it is the teaching of the Master, so accept and practice accordingly . 

On the sixth day, the Buddha and the congregation arrived at the capital of  Pava  (now the village of Pawanagar) of Malla. After hearing the Buddha's sermon, the blacksmith named Cunda (Thuan Da) asked the Buddha and the congregation about three hundred people to his mango garden to offer his son an increase. At that time the Venerable Anuruddha, Ananda, Upavana. While family and friends offered food into the bowl of the mendicants, he Cunda reverently offered to Buddha bowl by hand he cooked with  mushrooms tree sheep-herd  ( sukara-maddava ) [13]  is very precious , dedicated to Buddha use.

After the boy finished, the Buddha called Mr. Cunda to say:

-  Mr. Cunda, this mushroom mushroom soup left how much he should dig the land that buried, should not let others eat.

Mr. Cunda obeyed the instructions of the Buddha without knowing why.

After the meal, as usual, the Buddha preached to everyone, then returned to the forest to rest.That night Buddha had severe abdominal pain, abdominal cramps, dizziness, diarrhea, dysentery. But the patient patiently, calmly, without a moan.

Although not sleeping overnight, early the next morning Buddha told the mendicants to leave Kusinagar .  Kusinagar village is 16 km northwest of Pava capital. On this last passage, according to Buddhist records, the Buddha had to sit down 25 times due to illness and weakness.

In the middle of the road, stomach pain is raging again. Buddha stopped, resting under a tree, on a private robes. Give newspaper:

-  Ananda, look for some water for Tathagata drink thirst.

Well  , the water in the stream recently chiseled because there are a few carts of cattle have just passed. Well, please wait a moment to the Kakuttha River. The water is fresh and sweet, I will take the blessed drink, wash my face and hands cool.

-  As Lai very thirsty, he just go to get water here.

Venerable Ananda obeyed, to the nearby stream to get water, so strange, the water has become clear.

Drinking water, Buddha sitting rest. The Venerable Anuruddha and Ananda sat next to him.Three hundred masters also sit scattered rest here, many to sit around the Buddha. At that time there was a pedestrian named Pukkusa, from the Malla tribe, from Kusinagar. In the past he had also studied with the master, Alara Kalama, near the capital of Vesali, and had learned Gotama. Pukkusa walked to the Buddha, inquired about the Buddha's health and said:

-  Honorific author, after he left the guru Alara Kalama, once he was meditating on the side of the road, there was a cart of 500 oxen passing by making his shirt dusty but he was not good. know anything even though he is still awake.

There  are times when the Tathagata was walking in front of Atuma temple, there were thunderstorms and thunderstorms that killed two peasants and four cows nearby, even though the Tathagata was still awake and still not. hear thunder storm did not see anything at all [14] . Then ask the crowd to tell the story again.

Mr. Pukkusa heard the delivery pleasingly, offering two new sheets of medicine. He received a plate and asked Pukkusa to offer the other to Venerable Ananda. Pukkusa seek refuge in the Three Jewels. After listening to the Buddha's teachings, he happily fell silent on the road.

When Venerable Ananda replaced the new Buddha, the monks were surprised to see the skin of the Buddha shining strangely. The monk asked:

"  Lord, why do the colors of the Buddha's day become so brilliant, so brilliant?

-  Ananda, there are two cases of Tathagata skin became iridescent, incredible light. That is when the Tathagata is coming to the Supreme Immaculate Conception and Tathagata is about to enter. Hey Ananda, tonight Tathagata will be exterminated in the jungle of sala (but longevity, bola) in Kusinagar village [15]  at the third guard . Now let's set out in time.

On the banks of the Kukuttha river, Buddha goes down the river to bathe and drink water.Bathing the Buddha ashore, go to a mango garden nearby. The Buddha told Ananda to lay a cassock laying on the ground for lay people. Lying aside for a moment, the Buddha called Venerable Ananda to say:

-  Ananda,  the   morning meal at Cunda laypeople is dinner  eat the  last of the Tathagata. But the following can happen. Someone will make Mr. Cunda repent, because they say, "Hey Cunda, you are a sinner, you will be sunk for the Blessed One who left his life after your food." Every time Cunda repented, he had to explain. "Cunda, you have a lot of good blessings, and you will enjoy the benefits of the Buddha's last life with the dishes made by him. You Cunda, the proletarian, hears that the Buddha himself teaches that there are two treasures that give equal blessings, produce fruit that are equal and are more precious than all. is the last living Bodhicitta offering before the realization of the Immaculate Conception of the Immaculate and Immaculate Conception of the Last Buddha before His Existence, Mr. Cunda, The last thing that the Buddha used to be served by his own hands. This good kamma results in good rebirth, longevity, good fortune, fame, blessings in the heavenly realms, and in kingship, noble rights. " It is advised to Cunda like that.

After a short rest, Buddha said:

-  Ananda, let us go up to the woods road sala, where tribal park Upavattana Malla. This park is beautiful, it is on the other side of the Hiranyavati River.

When the Buddha and the mendicants came to the woods, it was already late. Give newspaper:

-  Hey Ananda, Tathagata is tired already. You arrange the place for the Tathagata between two sala trees (long life), head towards the north.

Venerable Ananda find some flat land, clean, between two sala trees, and then he took many a coffee-sa folded in half, spread on the ground [16] . The Buddha lay down, head toward the north, his right to the right, his right hand to his back under his face, his left hand down the left hip, left leg lying on his right foot, gentle breathing steadily .

Venerable Ananda knelt beside the Buddha, whimpering crying. The Buddha lay tired for a moment and opened his eyes saying:

-  Ananda, you should not cry, do not think that the Supreme Master no longer teaches, no teacher. No, Ananda, you should not think like that. Dhamma and Vinaya have been taught fully and widely by Tathagata. When the Tathagata is eliminated then the Dhamma and the Law will be the teacher of the teacher .

Saying, the Buddha looked at the mendicants, continued:

-  Besides, this teacher, Dhamma Tathagata taught 45 years ago is only the means, according to the coast, the base of the hearing instrument that speaks. For the absolute truth of the Buddhas, the Tathagata never uttered a word . Why so? Because that truth can not be thought, there is no word to express. Teachers should know: 

Legally legal,

Legal-legal, herd French.

Kim Phuoc unreachable,

Legal French law. [17]

Venerable Anuruddha said:

-  Buddha, we have to understand. As with the fingers of the moon, fingers are not the moon.When using the Dhamma to refer to the Truth, the Dhamma is not the Truth.

What is making glory Tathagata [18] 

When you see the sala blooms full of cotton [19]  though not the season, the angels mandara, manjusaka, and the aroma of offerings, the devotees around him, the Buddha said:

-  Teacher, not offering flowers, worship is respect, respect, worship, glorious Tathagata where.Follow the example of the virtue Attadattha [20]  resolve to direct before the Tathagata to die.Regardless of the monks, bhikkhuni or good men, believers who stay in the Dharma, practice in accordance with the teachings, dignified dignity, righteous life is respectful, revered, devotees Cultivating and glorious Tathagata in the highest way. So, this Ananda, you should not bother to do the flesh of the Tathagata. Teach yourself diligently to achieve your ultimate happiness.

Ananda, countless gods, spirits, geographers, heavenly dragon eight sets are gathering here to visit and bring the Tathagata. Some cried with their hair in the air, some with their hands in the air and some cried, others kneeled with their hands on the ground and wept, some cried on the ground, and they complained that the Tathagata passed away too early. ! The Tathagata died too early. The eye of the world is gone!But there are also those who are self-conscious, self-conscious, thinking that all things in the world are conditioned by the absence of the law of impermanence.

Then the Buddha said shelf:

Do not worry about other people

Forget about your job.

Resolvent rescue,

Do glory as Lai . (Dhammapada, v. 166)

Venerable Upavana stands over the devas [21] 

At that time it was still hot, Upavana monks standing in front of the Buddha to fan for people.Give newspaper:

-  Upavana, please avoid standing aside, do not stand in front of Tathagata.

-  Buddha, Venerable Ananda said in surprise, Venerable Upavana is the seed of Bhagavan and previously served as attendant care, attendant Bhagavan long day, today Venerable standing next to almost ventilators The Blessed One, do not know what is not, please teach the Blessed One.

-  Ananda, there are countless gods in the tens of thousands of worlds gathering here to worship the Tathagata. All around Upavattana Park, up to 12 miles away, there is no space without the gods standing. Ananda, some gods, muttered to one another, "We have come a long way here to see the Tathagata, and there is a rare omniscience in this world. Now, the Tathāgata will enter immeasurably more than Nirvana, but the other Upavana is standing before us, so we can not see his face in the last hour. Hey Ananda, the gods they whispered to each other [22] .

The Benefit of Praising the Four Saints [23]

Venerable Ananda White Buddha:

-  The Lord, as usual, after the season of abode, monks and nuns often visit the Buddha, hear the dharma. When the Blessed Exeter died, then how should?

-  Ananda, after the Tathagata is eliminated, there are the Buddhist monks or lay home where the mind, to worship with respect and fervent four fervent  heart [24] :  where the Hybrid, Where the Tathagata, the place where the Tathagata sermon first, where Tathagata entered nirvana. At the place where meditation, homage, chanting, prayer, a focus on the Dharma, they will enjoy many blessings, after the network will be born in the sky (heaven).

Buddha teaches monks how to treat women [25] 

Venerable Ananda asked:

-  Lord, how should we treat women like?

-  Do not look at them.

- Well  , if you have to look at them?

-  Do not talk to them.

-  Lord, what if you have to talk to them?

-  Must practice of Sati (Satipatthana). Ananda, mindfulness is the power to remove all bad thoughts.

Venerable Ananda continued:

-  Lord Buddha, the funeral ceremony of the Buddha should organize like?

-  Ananda, funeral Tathagata should do the ritual of a Holy King of Heaven and should build the tower at the side of the road.

Venerable Ananda can not help anymore, hurry to go out, to a tree standing crying empty.

Buddha praised Ananda's attendant [26] 

A moment later, the Venerable Ananda was not seen next, Buddha asked:

-  Anuruddha, Ananda where, Tathagata not see?

One mendicant said:

-  Buddha, I saw crying brother Ananda was standing behind a tree. Brother said alone: ​​"I have not accomplished the virtue that my teacher has passed away, the eyes of the world have closed, I have no one to rely on.

Buddha asked the mendicant to call the Venerable Ananda, then he comforted the Venerable:

-  Hey Ananda, do not be sad anymore. As Tathagata once reminded me of all impermanence, birth is a kill. How can there be without being killed? Ananda, for decades, he has as Tathagata, care Tathagata with all the love of his teacher. You are clever and delicate to help Tathagata in all big and small work. Tathagata thank you very much. His merits are great. But this Ananda, you can go further.If you follow the Proper Dharma, try to be more diligent, then you will be free from birth and death, to achieve liberation, to overcome the grief of suffering. Tathagata is sure that he will do that, and that is what makes Tathagata happy most.

Looking at the mendicant sitting around, the Buddha said:

"  Teacher, do the Tathagata, no one like Ananda. In the past, there were attendants dropping the bowl and medicine of the Tathagata to the ground. But to Ananda, things never happened. Ananda worry Tathagata very caring from small to big. He very cleverly least arrange the proper place and time for the Tathagata having a mendicant, a female mendicant, a layman, a monarch, a courtiers, a pagan priest, etc.

Hey teachers,  Ananda has four special advantages as follows : Often when someone wants to meet Tathagata, meet Ananda first, and meet Ananda, they were born affection; As Ananda opened the conversation with them, they became more affectionate; When Ananda preaches a short dharma, they are happy to hear more; As Ananda silent, they enjoyed watching Ananda silent.

This monks,  Ananda is an attendant with full dignity  as the attendant of 7 Buddha's past is Vipassin (Pi-She-Thi), Sikhin (Thi-gas), Vessabhu (Pi-Xa-Compliance) Kakucchandha (Question-Save-Ton), Konagamana (Question-Na-Ham), Kassapa (Ca-Lettuce) [27] ,  thanks to the 8 following virtues :

1 -  Sustainable faith : When listening to the Tathagata teaches, Ananda has solid faith and full memorandum, not wrong, not missing.

2-  Mind on the nature : temperament temperament, play, straight, easy to impress with everyone.

3-  Body does not suffer : rarely get sick.

4 -  Consistent effort : Faith in accordance with the Dharma, a straight line, never decadent.

5-  Fully mindfulness : Always remember the Dharma, never forget.

6.  Mind not pride : Always patience, gentle with everyone.

7-  Deliberate intentions : The mind never leaves the Dharma.

8-  From hear the mind : Listen and then think, then understand, wisdom glow.

Tathagata thinks that if the enlightened ones in the future get a good attendant, then the attendant is just as good as Venerable Ananda is the same.

Venerable Ananda wiping tears said:

-  Buddha, please Bhagavan do not enter nirvana here. Kusinagar is just a secluded place. There are more worthy places for the Exalted ones such as Campa, Rajagriha, Sravasti, Saketa, Kosambi or Benares (Varanasi). May the Blessed One choose one of these places to exterminate the masses of people who have a chance to see the last Buddha, and reverently offer the relics.

-  Ananda, Kusinagar is an important place. Although it is now a remote village, it was once a prosperous capital, Kusavati, a magnificent castle, beautiful park, crowded population. Castings are settled professionally. At that time Tathagata was the Maha-Sudassana (Mahatma-jhana) [28]  here.Hey Ananda, now this forest is not empty. A great many gods are gathering music, singing, mandara and manjusaka offerings to the Tathagata. Now go to the officials of the Malla tribe, telling them that tonight, at the Three Watch (midnight) Tathagata will enter Nirvana in their sala forest.

After listening to Venerable Ananda, the people dragged their families to worship the Buddha.Too many people, Ananda Venerable must invite each family in one turn.

Subhadda, the last disciple of the Buddha [29] 

People in the Malla tribe and people heard the Buddha's coming to an end in the forest of sala in Upavattana park rushed to the place, take turns to launch, question and pay homage to Buddha.Meanwhile, Phat-Chi Subhadda, over a hundred years old, came to negotiate with the Venerable Ananda to ask for the advice of the Buddha, thanks to the Buddha, a suspicion that was very important to him. . Venerable refused to say that the Buddha is weak, unable to talk.

Listen to the story between two people, Buddha said:

-  Ananda, he sent the Subhadda here. Tathagata can accept him.

Mr. Subhadda rejoiced at the ceremony, questioned the Buddha, and said,

-  Lord, have any way through space? Can a non-Sikh person be called  Sang U  ? Are the five aggregates permanent?

-  There is no path through space; Tathagata does not move. No  Increase E  outside the precepts and teachings of the Sangha. Five aggregates do not last; The Buddhas do not change. [30]

-  Lord Buddha, I often hear about the leaders of the sects as the masters Purana Kassapa, Makkhali Gosaleiputta, Ajita Kesakambala, Pakudha Kaccana, Sanjaya Belatthiputta and Nigantha Nataputta. I want to ask the Blessed one in those who have who truly reach the director?

"  Well, Subhadda, those people who have attained faith are not theirs. Please listen, Tathagata will show him the way to learn to himself he can achieve.

Then the Buddha told him about the Noble Eightfold Path: What  is Right  Understanding, RightThought, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Effort, Right Effort, Mindfulness, Right Concentration .Then the Buddha concluded:

-  Subhadda, where, in the community where there is the practice of the Noble Eightfold Path, there are those who attain virtue from the tertiary to the arahant . This is Subhadda, thanks to the practice of the Eightfold Path, which Tathagata has become Supreme Master Ching Hai, 45 years ago.It is through the practice of the Noble Eightfold Path that in the Congregation of the Mendicants there was a great number of people attaining sainthood from Tathagata-complete to Arhat. Now, Subhadda, you try to practice this method and you will become a good man, no need to question whether this person or the other person is the one who actually reached or not.

Then the Buddha said the verse as follows:

"This Subhadda!

"At the age of twenty nine,

"I leave my family, leave the world,

To find the ultimate benefit.

"Since then, fifty-one years,

"I constantly try to keep myself under the Right Direction.

In addition to the Right Path, there is no place for sainthood.

-  Awesome! Awesome! Lord Buddha, as if someone had straightened up a falling object, or discovered a hidden object, or a way for the lost, or burned the lamp in the dark for anyone with eyes. can see The teachings that the Buddha taught are the same. I wish the Blessed One a happy birthday for my son to be ordained as a monk and monk in front of him.

-  Subhadda, who lives in another catechism system, wants to become a novice and a monk, must undergo a four-month study period, and live out of that four month period. Then, when approved, the son can receive ordained ordained and raised to monks. However, today, Tathagata specifically allows for an exception.

Then the Buddha told the Venerable Ananda to ordained as a monk and monk to the monk Subhadda. After being ordained shortly afterwards, Venerable Subhadda lived alone in solitary places, far from the city, fervently and diligently practicing, later attaining Arahantship.

The last words of the Buddha

After Subhadda's ordination, the mendicants asked the Buddha about some minor points in precepts such as how to treat new mendicants with older mendicants. In this occasion the Buddha allowed Sangha, if necessary, may cancel or modify some rules unimportant [31] . Finally the Buddha looked at the beggars and said:

-  If you have any questions about Buddha, Dharma, Sangha, Dhamma or how to practice, then ask the questioner to come back from repentance thinking that " At that time in front of the Buddha that we do not ask.

At that time there were about 500 masters gathered around the Buddha. All kept silent. The Buddha asked for a third time. The mendicants remained silent. Venerable Ananda said,

-  Buddha, indeed marvelous! I am very confident in the Blessed One, where the teachings and the church mendicant, because the Blessed One has taught the teachings clearly and instructed how to practice properly, so no students today confused or skeptical at all. It was wonderful.

-  Ananda, he said that was due to his faith. But Tathagata knows that in the 500 masters present today no one doubts or questions the Dhamma, the Church, the Way of the practice or the Method of practice, for all, this Ananda, who Delayed the most have logged in, no longer have to fall back down again, will certainly be enlightened.

The Buddha gazed at the audience with great silence, then said,

"You  Mendicants, listen to Tathagata said this: Everything is impermanent, there is birth to kill. Teach them diligently to attain liberation.

After saying that, Buddha closed his eyes. That is the last word of the Buddha.

The Buddha passed away

The Buddha entered the first meditation. Out of meditation, he entered the second jhana.Secondary meditation, he entered meditation. Out of meditation, he entered the fourth jhana. Quartet meditation, he entered not boundless. Export is not boundless, he entered the boundless. Out of infinite origin, he entered the landless. Out of non-possession of the land, he entered the non-non-ideal non-origin. Out of non-idea non-thinking, he entered the life of death.

At that time, Venerable Ananda had no celestial vision, asked the Venerable Anuruddha:

-  Venerable Bach, is the Buddha has passed away?

-  Not yet, this ananda Ananda, the Blessed One has not passed away, he just passed away life expectancy.

The Blessed One extinguished the ideal life, he entered the non-non-ideal non-ideal. From the non-idea of ​​non-origin, he entered the landless. Out of the non-possession of the land, he entered the continent. Out of infinite origin, he entered not boundless. Export is not boundless, he entered the fourth meditation. Out of meditation, he entered meditation. Exporting meditation, he entered the second jhana. Second-rate meditation, he entered early meditation.

The Blessed One then proceeds to meditate, enter the second jhana. Second-rate meditation, enter meditation. Produce meditation, meditation. Lastly Exalted from instant death meditation and then, on the General-PARINIRVANA [32]  (Mahaparinibbana Sutta).

Suddenly the earthquake shook, the thunder echoing. Flower sala fall down like rain. People naturally feel shocked. Everyone knows that  the Buddha has entered Nirvana. At that time is midnight full moon vesak month in 544 BC ,  on the full moon day of the second lunar year of  Dinh Tu.

Buddha died. Some of the mendicants kneel on their hands with their hands up to the sky, pounding on the ground, lying on the ground, tightly rubbing their faces with their hands. They moan:

-  Buddha entered Nirvana! Blessed One has passed away! The eyes of the world are gone!Where do you rely on !?

While these mendicants were wailing in mourning, some of the other masters sat quietly, watching the breath, contemplating what the Buddha taught. Venerable Anuruddha said:

-  Brothers and brothers, do not cry like that! The Buddha taught that birth is a kill, the city is broken, the case is tan. If the fraternity understands and obeys the Blessed One, please keep yourselves silent, go back to your seat, watch your breath, keep your mind, respect this sacred moment to fare Our Second Comic of the Pure Land Nibbana.

People silently returned to their seats following the advice of Venerable Anuruddha. The monk directed the masses to read the verses that the majority had memorized, the passage about impermanence, suffering, no, no self and liberation. The air is dignified as ever.

The torches were lit by the people of the Malla tribe, blazing with golden light shining under the moonlight through the leaves, creating a sacred sacred scene. The deep reciting chanting in the quiet night brings people into the magical and unmissable scene of the mind and the universe.

After the chanting, the Venerable Anuruddha began to speak the Dharma praising the virtues of the Buddha, a Tathagata, the worship, the chief virtuous, the virtuous, Man, Heavenly Master, Buddha.Venerable Anuruddha concludes: The  Blessed One is also a human being like us, but thanks to great suffering and suffering, we practice diligently attain the Noble Eightfold Path, practice meditation and become Great Awakening, have full of great wisdom, great hero, great power, great compassion, great joy, great discharge, full of skillful means to teach and guide beings are enlightened, Know how to practice self-liberation from the birth of samsara, into the scene of pure peace and serenity. Brothers, to pay tribute to Him, let us follow His teachings and follow His example and diligently cultivate the Noble Eightfold Path, to attain the goal of liberation.

After the Venerable Anuruddha ended his words, the Venerable Ananda recited the beautiful memories of the Buddha and the monastic order, and the important teachings of the Buddha. All night, the two monks took turns talking in dharma talk and mass instructions until the morning. Five hundred mendicants and three hundred lay people listened silently.

Kusinagar cremation ceremony [33]

It was light, Venerable Anuruddha told the Venerable Ananda:

-  Hey brother Ananda, go to City Brothers reported to proper authorities know our masters was passing, let them do the necessary procedures.

The dignitaries of the Malla clan were convinced that the Buddha had passed away and discussed the ritual of the cremation ceremony for Lord Buddha. The people were believed, many chested to mourn, sorry not to look and worship Buddha before his death. They pulled together to the forest sala, brought fragrances, flowers, musical instruments, cloth. Arrive where they knelt and spread the incense on the Buddha's body to offer offerings. The authorities in the Malla tribe mobilized the people to erect five colorful cloth tents, organize dance performances and provide food, water for the mendicants and the people attending. Forest sala becomes bustling as a festival. Occasionally, Venerable Anuruddha instructed the public to recite the Dhamma-Pada texts, reminding the Buddha's teachings.

During the six days and nights, the people of Kusinagar and people from the capital Pāla of Malla arrived, constantly offering Buddha with incense, flowers, dancing, music. The fresh fragrant flower petals covered the whole body and around where the Buddha lies. On the seventh day, the eight patriarchs of the Malla tribe bathed in fragrant water, dressed in robes, and began to take the Buddha's body into the city. All the mendicants, followed by the people, followed the procession, taking the Buddha's body to the north entrance to the city. The procession enters the city center, then goes out of the city by the east door, and finally stops in front of the Makuta-bandhana shrine (now the Rambhar Stupa), the main temple of the Malla tribe. The body of the Buddha is located here.

City dignitaries ordered the Buddha's body to be ritually honored as a ritual for a Holy King. The Buddha's body was covered with a new white cloth, followed by a cotton-la-terry layer (tula cotton), then a new layer of white cloth, like so many layers of fabric and cotton. Finally placed in an iron coffin, filled with aromatic oil, covered with a lid, then the coffin was placed in a larger iron coffin.

Kim is put on a great firefighter full of fragrant wood. At the cremation time, the four Malla clan leaders held four torches at the fire to set fire, but the fire broke out without fire. Suddenly, a horse rider rushes to announce that Maha-Kassapa, along with five hundred mendicants, are about to arrive.The mission is now in the middle of the path from Pava to Kusinagar. Upon hearing that, the Venerable Anuruddha immediately requested to delay the ceremony to await Maha-Kassapa and the monks.

Venerable Maha-Kassapa departed from Rajagriha to commute the northwest. To Vesali, the Venerable is believed to have declared that he will enter Nirvana for three months and is now heading for the capital Pava of Malla. The monk immediately set out to find the Buddha. There are also mourners to follow. When the Venerable Bhandagama came, the number of mendicants was 500.

To Pava, the Venerable learned that the Buddha had decided to enter Nirvana at Kusinagar.Leaving Pava, the Venerable met a pedestrian going in the opposite direction, the vest pocket with flowers, although not seasonal. He said that the Buddha had died in the woods of Kusinagar seven days ago.

Believe the Buddha passed away, some of the mourners mourn the brain. Bhiksu Subhadda [34], though he is older but has not been ordained for less than two years, sees this as saying:

"Come on, dear fellow, what is it that we have to suffer sadness like we are? From now on we will be free, no longer be told by the great monk to do this or not should do this. We will be able to do what we like, no longer having to repeat what has to do to us.

Venerable Maha-Kassapa advised the novices to practice the anapanasati in order to keep their mind pure, and then hurried to the road, leading the group of monks to Kusinagar. When he meets a horse-goer in the same direction, Venerable Maha-Kassapa asks him not to hurry to inform Venerable Ananda that the Venerable and 500 marshal will try to arrive before the hours for the Buddha's cremation.

The sun just stood out, the Maha-Kassapa Venerable monk and mendicant also just arrived Makuta-bandhana. When Maha-Kassapa dislocated his shoulders, sanghati rose, wrapped his arms around him, silently stepping on foot, circumambulating the three-ringed fire. Then Ven needle stopped at office, beneath his feet, hands and bowed three bow [35] . Five hundred mendicants followed and bowed at the same time. The monks finished bowing three times and standing up, the fire fires naturally.

All the mendicants knelt down, clasping their hands toward the fire. Thousands of people are present. Venerable Anuruddha instructs people to read the texts of impermanence, dukkha, no-self, selflessness and liberation. A deep voice recited in a whole region.

After the fire has burned, the fragrant water is sprinkled on the fire. The metal is brought down, opened. The relics of the Buddha are collected by the patriarch Malla and placed in a golden pot placed on the central altar in the temple. The Buddha's relics have many shining colors, such as far-fangs, which consist of seven large forehead, shoulder, sharp, and small bones of pea, rice, or mustard seeds.Malla's mendicants and soldiers took turns guarding and protecting the relics for seven days, while representatives of the government, envoys, clergy, and people from all walks of life continued. worship, donate corolla, perfume and dance music. Three times a day, the novices gather to worship and recite important passages. At present Rambhar Tower celebrates the tea-pyre of the Buddha.

Dividing Buddha relics into 8 parts [36] 

Kusinagar's destruction of the Kusinagar news is spreading fast. Seven neighboring countries have sent envoys with support generals to Kusinagar to visit the relics of the Buddha and ask for part of their relics to build a stupa to worship. The seven are Magadha (capital Rajagriha, King Ajatasattu), Vajji (capital Vesali, President Cedaga [37]  Licchavi), Sakya [38]  (capital of Mungali, king Uttarasena), Koliya (capital Ramagama), Buliya (capital of Allakappa), a Brahmin in Vethadipa, Malla (capital of Pava). But the Malla people and the Kusinagar government refused to divide the relics, arguing that the Buddha had passed away at Kusinagar should build the entire relic Buddha here.

After a war of almost impending war, the great god Dona (Huong Tanh), Ba-la-subject line representatives Malla settled, calmly using the Buddha's teachings, advise them. Envoys should negotiate with each other in peace. Finally they all agreed to let the Brahmin Dona divided relics (sarira) Buddha into 8 equal parts [39] . Magadha built a relic of the relics of Rajagriha, Vajji built a tower in Vesali, Sakya built towers in Mungali, Koliya built towers in Ramagama, Buliya built towers in Allakappa. [40]Brahmin built the temple in Vethadipa, Malla received two relics, built a tower in the capital Pava and another tower in Kusinagar. Particularly Brahmin Dona ask for the gold bowl used to share the relics, bring home garden built his tower. The late Moriya messenger asked for the rest of the ashes to be built in the Pipphalivana capital.

When the ambassadors of the countries took the relics of their departure, a thousand mendicants also sequentially dissolved and returned to their residence to practice. The Venerable Maha-Kassapa, Anuruddha and Ananda also received the Buddha's bowl on the Venuvana monastery.

Shortly thereafter, Venerable Maha-Kassapa summoned 500 Arahants to meet in the Saptaparna cave in Rajagriha to recite and memorize all. The Buddha's teachings into the three suttas, the Law and the Prophet, are carefully preserved by the monks to this day.

 

The Buddha-nuns of Mankindi have entered Nirvana, but the Dharma Temple is still there, now the saints are still present in all five continents. Not finding, learning and practicing the teachings of enlightenment and liberation is a waste of life.

Human life difficult to be! Making people is easier than others. Being ignorant, heavy karma, difficult to meet the Buddha's dharma, see before the eyes also do not understand the birth of denigration, defamation. Alas! Ever wondered how the sea-bred tortoise rested his head on the water just in time for a dry tree of driftwood?  

The deep Buddhist mysterious color,

Hundreds of thousands of lifetimes hard to find.

Now known, please study,

According to the heels Lai as long as afraid.END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH  BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.28/9/2017.