[01-D]

My observation in the body
(Body Contemplation)

(next)

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II. Ten skilful in the attention:
After studying seven skillful in learning, student learning "ten skillful in attentiveness"
1. Students must read and observe due process "in order", which means students have to read and observe proceedings before the next sequential tape does not give up.
2. Students not reciting and contemplate too fast. If recite and contemplate too fast will get confused, confusing.
3. Students are not recite and contemplate too slow. If recite and contemplate too late will be forgotten pieces.
4. Students must learn to "skillful, sensitive in controlling distractions". Yogis should not be "drawn" on the content or the occurrence of restlessness. If being "drawn" on the content or the occurrence of distraction, the constant meditation and mental lost and affected by external objects. Students should try to keep attention on the parts of the body; do not let the other objects as distraction.
5. Students must "transcend the concept of institutions". When student reciting: "Hair, hair, nails ..." is meditators repeated regulatory nouns, names of body parts. Must overcome the noun rule. Do not focus on the regulatory part of the department chants. Must try to focus on aspects of the pollution you are reciting parts. This is essential, because the purpose of meditation is to make up or set in your mind of defilements of the parts of the body so that you attach.
The pollution has to be looked at under a year or five aspects: color, shape, smell, origin, and location.
For example, "color" or the expression of hair is very impure. When looking through the institutions, the hair is one thing, but when hair removal, the concept is a different story. When you see something similar hair or hair in the food, you will feel disgust. Ongoing food that you feel as if your mouth is hair, you'll feel disgust. "Shape" of the hair also disgusting. "Smell" natural hair smells not at all. When shampooing the hair is not combed, anointed or tied flowers, there will be a foul-smelling odor. "Origin" is the source of the hair. Hair was born where? Hair grows from your body and the body itself is a collection of other degenerations can: blood, pus, sputum, urine, etc ... hair sprouting from his formidable appearance items. Thus hair disgusting origin. "Position", meaning that lies in yet. For the hair, the hair is? Body hair gathered by the filthy substances.
For other possible degenerations, yogis also look their impure personality through color, shape, smell, and location of origin.
6. "Sequential removal". When student can recite the degenerations, some degenerations will be reflected in the student center, some others do not. When this occurs, the student can remove the sliding out unknown; degenerations can only recite the only clear out. Yogis gradually eliminated until only one is the best possible degenerations. Yogis take this title as the main heading to meditate and to contemplate this title multiple times until yogis samadhi (jhaana).
7. "Focus on the samadhi". Students should understand that the samadhi (uppanaa) can come in when yogis can observe any public degenerations.
8, 9, 10. The three remaining skilful been mentioned in the three following texts:

* Anguttara Kinh ( A "nguttara) i. 256-8: teaching must focus on three factors: concentration, effort and discharge when observing life or meditate. If the focus is on the center will generate idleness. If only focused on diligent will fluctuate. If the focus is on life there will be no discharge was appropriate concentration. Therefore all three, concentration, effort expectancy and discharge must be balanced .
* Anguttara Kinh ( A "nguttara) iii. 435: Teaching must complete the following six to achieve the ultimate peace:

- Thu end to collect interest when finished.
- Diligent effort when needed.
- Encourage attention when needed encouragement.
- Look at everything with equanimity.
- Determined to reach the ultimate state.
- Feel like Nirvana.

* Samyutta Nikaya (Sa "myutta) v.113: teaching time should be spent to develop the seven Factors of Enlightenment. Seven Factors of Enlightenment seven and each element needs to be developed at the appropriate time. (Failure Enlightenment will be discussed in more detail in chapter Recitation France.)

III. Practice at a higher level
After the student has learned ten skillful in attention, appropriate student arrives to recite the mouth sliding out, recite silently in the mind, then practice the next step. Yogis can observe thirty two sliding repeatedly until only the most obvious possible degenerations and degenerations may choose this as the main section. Yogis can continue to observe this sliding until samadhi (jhaana) .
Buddha taught meditation to help reduce craving student, clinging to her body and the bodies of others. Mindfulness impure body can be used to practice concentration meditation leads to the first floor or meditation can be used to practice Vipassana meditation. Zen meditators practice meditation Tranquillity achieved first floor can switch to Vipassana meditation by focusing on the main floor or concentration meditation object observation of this concentration meditation floor, here, is one of thirty two possible degenerations. You try to observe the birth and death of the birth and death story of meditation or the title (subject) concentration meditation until reaching greater progress in Vipassana. Or do not develop concentration meditation which floor can observe degenerations to develop insight meditation on the possible degenerations. Somehow, you will eventually discern Nirvana. Please read the following passages to see the purpose of this passage is emphasized and not Vipassana meditation is concentration meditation:

Thus, the monk observe internal body torso or upper body monk observed externally or both monk observing body in the body internally and externally.
Bhikkhus observe arise factors (properties arises) in the body or bhikkhus observe cessation factor (characteristic cessation) in the body or monk observed arise both elements (properties arises) and cessation factors (characteristic cessation) in the body.
Or monk mindful that 'only relatives only'. And mindfulness are set to help for the development of mindfulness in the future.
Bhikkhu not craving and wrong view that dependence or cling to anything.
Bhikkhus do not cling to anything in the world because of this five aggregates formed.
This monk masters, such as monk observing body in the body.

Only new Vipassana meditation helps students see the arising and disappearing. When observing the arising and cessation you will see clearly the meaning and purpose of Vipassana. Tranquillity does not help see the arising and disappearing. But support for concentration meditation insight meditation.
When yogis observe "can degenerations" and really see the pollution of these parts, the student will no longer be craving or wrong to cling to a part of the body. So yogis no longer attached to anything belonging to the five aggregates.
Meditation pollution monitoring body brought many benefits. Yogis meditation pollution monitoring body will enjoy solitary places. Usually people do not like in a desert place, but the meditator observes impure body can "conquer distaste lonely place" thanks to his meditation. They can also "enjoy conquering sensual mind." Humans usually contingent ceiling sensual desires but when meditation pollution monitoring body would be able to tame this affinity. They will no longer see the body parts adorable and attractive anymore, but have a look calmly about them.
Another benefit is to conquer "fear of fear". Yogis practice this type of meditation will have no idea on the appeal mechanism of the body parts. When a dangerous thing happens, yogis will not feel worried or scared. Yogis will easily withstand the hot cold, hunger, etc ... where adverse weather has also not made uncomfortable yogis, where food has not done bad to upset yogis, meditation encounter circumstances students can also patiently endured.
Yogis can achieve if jhaanas Wednesday focused on aspects of hair color or colors of other organs. But if only to observe the impurities are yogis meditate just achieved the first floor, could not be reached Monday jhaanas, Tuesday and Wednesday because meditation observe impure body requires goodwill "Range "( Vitakka ) to help the heart is located on the gross object, the object of this meditation is the floor of the body impure. Only the first floor are included Zen meditation chi "Range" (Vitakka) this.
Need to remember here is:

- The first floor has five Zen meditation chi: Games (afferent to the title), quarterfinals (rub on the title), joy, optimism, one heart.
- Second floor three Zen meditation chi: joy, happiness, one heart.
- Third Floor Two Zen meditation chi: optimistic, especially about.
- Wednesday meditation floor had only one heart and discharge.

When attentive to observe the color of the different parts of the body, the color becomes the object of your meditation (with the Kasina colors: green, yellow, white and red). When it turns into the color of title to meditate, then you can develop meditation on this title story and you can achieve the jhaanas two, three, four. In short you can achieve all four stages of meditation if you use the color of hair or other parts of the subject of meditation.
After achieving fourth meditation floor, yogis can be further developed to be able to achieve the extraordinary abilities, such as find a thousand miles away, thousands of miles away listening, understanding others v center v ... aka is prime "record information".
When you meditate, contemplate impure body, a student does not need to care about the accuracy of the thirty-two possible degenerations medicine according to analysts, because there is not much to the sliding parts of the body such as: food undigested, dung, urine. We are talking about just for the purpose of heading to meditation. Of course there are more than thirty-two parts but just thirty-two is enough. As you can see, just meditating by observing the first part is the hair can also reach the floor meditating, and then switch to Vipassana meditation and enlightenment truth.
Some parts of the body are different as the translator translated as "fat water," the service is "plasma". However, do not care about these issues. You can not see each department, although you can go to the hospital or to place an autopsy. There are books that have pictures of the parts in the body, you can see these images and pick out a part as the object of your meditation. If you have a chance to see one or more parts in practice, you will achieve the many benefits of meditation. You can get the parts that you have seen firsthand as subjects of meditation.
It must be noted here that in many texts when it comes to the parts of the body does not mention "mind" or "brain" but legend for that mind or brain is mentioned in Patisa "mbhidamagga. Thus any economic not to mention the brain, then we should understand that the brain has been included in the "marrow".Here ends meditation can observe thirty two degenerations.
Observations from the Great E.-

"Again, this the master monk, the monk observe this body of four great parts: In this body with great location, great waterway, the fire and the wind.As a technology-friendly butcher or students who killed a cow and split into several parts sat at the crossroads. Also, this monk masters, the monk observe this body of four great parts: In this body has great location, great waterway, the fire and the wind. "

This section of the Sutta refers to the four elements and the four great yogis observe while walking, standing, lying, sitting. Students should observe his body under the four aspects.
Traditionally, there are four elements: great location, great waterway, the fire and the wind. Meditation by observing the four elements mentioned only briefly in this sutta and a short presentation for this section only for student understanding swift, sharp-brainer. In doing Maahaaha.t.thipadopama Sutta, Sutta Raahulovaada and Dhaatuvibhanga Sutta shows how close the four great meditation with full details. This experience is for those who have little sharper intellect. Whenever Buddha sermon he often heard whether people like it or not, and their minds are not mature. After such review, the Buddha preached according to the level of the listener. So have his texts mention many details and extensive explanation, there are texts saying he only briefly.
In this sutta, he only briefly present to observe four great titles. The purpose of meditation is to observe the four elements to eliminate the concept of a living being, that we are beings and people. Four elements are found in all organisms, plants and inanimate objects. Want to eliminate the concept of a living being, meditating yogis should observe four great by this body split into four components and observe each component separately. Each component so called "an era".
1. EP: EP does not mean that the land as it is often said that is what is inside the earth as it is in other animals. "Tangible property" that is characteristic of great places. Dun your hands feel soft water, this is a great softness. Touching the wall you feel stiff, this is a great stiffness. You find great places everywhere. Local college's performance is the foundation for other things can set up there. For practice Vipassana meditator to address contemporary topics they address the contemporary expression of the admitted or accepted. So you have to understand the great location on the characteristics, performance or its expression. In summary, the characteristics of the hardware address is soft contemporary, modern public address functionality of the platform is made ​​of local and contemporary expression is admitted or accepted anything.
2. Mercury era: Cards college here does not mean the country as it is often known. Cards era characterized by "dripping down", "sticky suction, combined" or "liquid". Cards present in all things modern. Adhesive combination or suck in the soil, in wood or in brick and stone v v ... The combination or the sticky smoke makes objects linked together are characteristic of modern fishery. University of hydraulic function is to "make strong". Cards era what makes strong contact with it. Contemporary expression of the natural waterway is "material combining together". When processing of the powder, for example, then we will have a local plastic powder. Countries powder sintered together. The bonding together is the modern expression of the waterway. When you meditate, sometimes the expression of this will come to you. You will see or understand the great waterway sometimes characteristic, sometimes through that program and sometimes through the expression.
3. Fire era : This is not the usual sense of fire, but the status of the fire, the nature of heat such as fire. Heat or fire makes things "ripen, mature or old age." Said hot air also included. Hot, cold or "temperature" is the character of the fire. When you feel hot or cold as you feel the fire. And when mature or old body that is the effect of the fire. The function of the fire is to make things "mature", making things "hot" or "cold". The expression of the fire is "continuing to provide flexibility." For example, when you cook something, the animal will be cooked soft. Also the heat in the body makes your body so your body soft gradually aging.
There are four types of fire:

- The heat of the body causes the body to heat, or when you hurt the body temperature to rise.
- Train your body to make mature and old.
- Fire makes people or things heat up, it is the heat of transition. When the flu, your body is very hot, it's too high heat.
- Fire digest food, thanks to this fire but four foods: eat, drink, chew, suck is digested. When you fire digestion or stomach fire well (as people used to say Burma), your body can digest all of what you eat. When you do not have good digestive fire, then your stomach will be in trouble.

4. great performer : contemporary style characteristic of the "hegemony, expansion or bulging". When blowing air into a balloon, inflated balloon. The wind also makes you stand or sit upright not bent down. It is the "lift of the wind coming from all sides". Wind performance is "create mobile". When you are traveling, your movement is caused by the wind. Expression of modern style as "transport".
There are six types of wind:

- Wind direction to make your hiccups or vomiting.
- Wind down, stool or urine out.
- The Wind in the stomach, parenteral.
- Wind in the intestine.
- The wind running across the limbs.
- Breath out in.

As you walk or stretch the modern working style. The wind is caused by heart or your wishes.
Four great yogis observe while walking, standing, lying or sitting.
Now let's learn how to observe the four while away. When traveling, you first lifting. Now you see a slight lifting. The light was caused by the fire. When lifting with the movement. The movement caused by the wind. When putting the foot steps forward, the movement also caused by the wind. When lowering the foot down, you see foot of heavy, heavy due to the presence of the great waterway. When the feet touch the ground or touch the ground you feel the hardness and softness of the floor and your feet. The software is hardware features great place. In just one step you can distinguish four great knowing. When lifting the fire element, and the wind surpass. When you put your foot steps forward to realize the wind, put your foot down when you see the great waterway, the land your foot stepped on great local feel. Thus the student was observed to be higher in all four steps, although at first not recognized student is the presence of all four elements.
When the college student found a clear way the idea of ​​a being disappeared. Now yogis found that only four companies only. Four great walking, the four standing v v ... When you only see four great walking, standing, lying, sitting, you will not see an impact humans are doing this; so the idea of ​​a being disappeared.
Four great observation is explained in doing this by an example and glossary explained as follows: When the animal butcher a cow, take it to the slaughter of meat, beef in a column tree column and kill the cow the butcher is still the idea of ​​a cow, a being. If anyone asked him what he was doing, the butcher would say: "I eat beef" or "I'm killing cows." Even after killing the bull, before butchered and cut into pieces, he still maintained the notion that it was a cow. But after the cow split, cut into small pieces and put it on the table for sale at the crossroads, the butcher lost the idea of ​​a cow. If anyone asked him what he sells can not answer that, "I sold the cow". He will answer: "I sell beef". So after cutting beef into pieces, the butcher took the idea of ​​a cow.
Similarly, when yogis crosses itself into four companies - everything on the student body is only four elements - such as Zen students will take the idea of ​​a yogi, a man. Buddha taught meditation to eliminate the notion "that a being". The above examples may not lead to the conclusion that the students have turned four great idea. The Buddha taught the four elements are not the regulatory concept that is part of the absolute truth, or "base" consists of the mind, mental states, and Nirvana material. This is the "base" is different from "conventional truth." Yogis have to "see" through the four elements of his meditation.
Yogis will reap the many benefits of meditation through this. In Visuddhi, Buddhaghosa says:

"The monk actively observe four great attention, immersed themselves into empty space and eliminate any notion of a being. Because he does not hold misconceptions about the beasts, demons, ligament crystal ; by largely eliminated the idea of ​​a being, should he conquer anxiety, fear and conquer lust and hatred. he is not excited or discouraged by a pleasant object or disagree , and a profound understanding so he will go into place immortal happiness or joy arrives. " [ten]

Vipassana meditation does not lead to the attainment of concentration meditation in the Zen story that merely gives access to. Who practice Vipassana right way, try to observe the four elements in all the time and everywhere will see the four elements, as well as his mind arise and disappear. When yogis see the arising and disappearing of things the student has achieved a basic understanding of Vipassana. From there, the student reaches higher floors until we reach the end of Vipassana meditation and enlightenment Nirvana.

Thus, the monk observe internal body torso or upper body monk observed externally or both monk observing body in the body internally and externally.

When you contemplate the four elements on your own body, you have to observe the body in the body internally; when you suddenly think of the four bodies on other people, you have to observe the foreign body in the body. When you observe your own body on the four elements and the four elements on the body to observe other people, you have to observe both the body in the body internally and externally on the body.
When you see that only four elements, without inhabitant or being nothing, you are not attached, attachment to anything, so you have:

No attachment to any object in the world due to this five aggregates form

When there is no attachment, no longer attached, the industry generated. With no industry there would be no life clinging to the back (useful) and no rebirth. Then you will reach to an end within reborn.
F.- Title Nine Observations from Execution
Buddha taught how to observe fourteen relatives. We have reviewed the year as: observing the breath, observe posture, mindfulness and awareness, observing body impure, contemplate the four elements. Now we learn to observe nine headings corpse.
The section titles mortem observation aimed at helping us to develop the idea of ​​the impurities of the body so that we have the heart to let go, not attached to our bodies as well as other human body. As long as attachments, attachment is also suffering. Want to end suffering you must eliminate the attachment attached to his body and the body of another person. The section titles mortem observation will help you eliminate the attachment, this attachment.
Nine corpses observe headings based on the stage of destroying the corpse.
First is to observe "corpses decay". The Buddha taught:

Again, the master monk, when he saw the corpse monk, died one day, two days or three days, bloated, blue, decay, throw it in the graveyard; he applied the idea monk (perception) into your own body: "Indeed, this body (our) also has the same nature as that, it will become more so, can not escape special this calculation ".

It is the first title to meditate: "When I saw the corpse monk" . Yogis practice Vipassana not necessarily always in the cemetery to meditate. Students may keep in mind the image corpses during Vipassana meditation. It may also be the result of much thought to the dead, or the perception of the body is always present in them. Oil the images or "minister" of the corpse to the student automatically without clear grounds or as a result of the diligent meditation on the student bodies must also observe the general and recognized: "impure, impure, impure" , or "see, see, see" , until they disappear. When insight meditation, it is important that students have a sense of what is going into your attention, ie on his mind or senses. When yogis see images or "minister" is simply our consciousness, our awareness and inner recitation: "see, see, see" until the image or "minister" lost. The corpse meditation subjects recorded in this business aims to help student develop a sense of pollution, appearance or obnoxious group consisting of the body.
Sutta directly mentioning Vipassana, which means to observe the phenomena of birth and death. But you can use this experience to practice concentration meditation (samatha) meditation to reach the floor. Meditation yogis want corpses must first look to the meeting with the teacher for guidance. Zen master to teach the student how to achieve the idea or perception of the "impure" and learn how to observe the things around, that is how to recognize the common things around corpses.
Subsequently, the teacher must teach the student how to knowledgeable about the pollution over six ways. If you have studied six ways that yogis have yet to understand how to meditate, the teacher must teach in other complementary ways. In addition, the teacher must teach the student how to observe recorded path from the temple to where the corpses. Only after fully learned techniques related to this meditation new students go on where to dispose of dead bodies to meditate.
Once you've learned all the things needed from the teacher and student should not "rush to go right" time to where the corpse had just heard that the corpse in somewhere, because there may be interesting evil or inhuman're near dead bodies.
In general, men are not observed dead woman and the woman were not observed dead man; because observing the corpse of the opposite sex, the feeling of stimulation may be emerging. Nevertheless, even when observing the corpse of the same sex that craving arises, the student should not contemplate. In summary, the student can not be observed corpses that caused his craving insurgency.
The path to where the corpse could through the village, which can run along the waterfront or can pass the fields; where the student can meet that craving those where student uprising. Students should cautiously watch all these things.
Before arriving there for meditation teacher dead monk to tell older monk or monks, but well known in their native temples, knowing that you went to the cemetery to meditate. If any students are laypeople, they must notify the teacher said. This is essential because if the student in trouble at the cemetery, the other monks or yogis else can help them, take care of their belongings or to the cemetery to help them. The cemetery is a place of quiet and refuge of thieves or because they feel it is a safe place for them. Thieves can run into where yogis are meditating when employers chase to regain the stolen items. Theft might drop or dispose of stolen near where yogis are meditating. When employers find stolen objects near where yogis can think yogis are thieves. If before going yogis have reported another person knows, the older monk or monks or other yogis can help or witness to yogis. That is the benefit of the notice before entering the cemetery to meditate.
Students should go alone to the cemetery, not to accompany others. Students should walk in mindfulness. Students should come to senses inward without outward. Students should carefully go, do not be looking over look back. Students should go to where the corpse with mindful attention so diligently.
While away, students have "reviewed the characteristics of the road". This means that when on the road students have noted, remembering what special skills along the way. Such as: "I go in this direction, through this gate. The road towards the east (west, south, north or central)". Yogis also be noted that on both sides of the road leading to the cemetery. Students should note there nests, with no tree or vine. In short, students have recorded all the details point along the road to the cemetery.
After you've done these things, yogis will "come close to where corpses lie". When approaching the corpse, yogis should go on the wind direction, because the corpse odor can make or cause headaches yogis yogis intends to return. Yogis are not sitting too close or too far from corpses that have sit aside the corpse, which is suitable for observing the corpse. If you sit too close to the body yogis can awe. If you are too far away, the student body will not notice the pollution of the corpse. Yogis are not sitting right on top or beneath the corpse, because sitting like that will not clear the impurities of the body.
Yogis also be noted that around the corpse like that around with rocks, nests, tree, vine or special signs related to the body? Such as a rock near the corpse and rocks high or low, big or small, white or brown black, long or round. Students should note all these details. As for the related bodies, students have noted: "in this place there is a stone and stones are signs of pollution". Sign of pollution means corpse. Students have the following thoughts: "This is the sign of pollution, this is the rock". Such thoughts need to avoid the mistakes or confusion in the mind.
Sometimes, while observing the corpse, yogis find corpses seemed Mobile, seemingly stood up and attacked or threatened yogis. Without the record before the signs around the corpse, student center will be chaos. Through observation was noted for in the past, to see the corpse of mobile instant yogis think of what I've noted before: "This is nearly dead stones, and stones can not move closer to us, it it can not be approached. When the stones can not move closer to the corpses we can not approached us. the corpse lifeless and unable to move. This is just an illusion or a mistaken perception each of us ". Once you've chosen topic to meditate, now yogis can meditate. When yogis meditate efforts and things appear or "general" interest arise, the student will not be chaos. Therefore students have recorded all things what yogis can see around the corpse.
After standing or sitting near the dead students have looked at the corpse and try to identify the pollution in six ways:

1. Students learn the impurities in the distinguished "color" of the corpse: "Dead bodies are black or yellow skin"
2. The student should also distinguish the dead through "signs" of corpses. Distinguished signs are differentiated by age rather than distinguish whether it is a man or a woman. Age is here meant the corpse at an early stage, middle stage or late stage of life. Generally a person's life is divided into three phases, each phase lasts about thirty years. This observation helps the student understand the impurities of the body.
3. Students also look at the "shape of the body" in recognition: "This is the shape of the head. This is the shape of the neck. This is the shape of the hands, chest, hips, thighs, calves , the feet, the whole body of the dead ". Students should look at the whole body to understand or have ideas of the impure.
4. The student should also look "four directions". Direction here means the upper part, the lower part of the body. From Umbilical upwards above, from the navel or under the lower part. Thus yogis said: "This is the upper part of the body, and this is the lower part of the body". Student should also observe: "I was standing in this direction, the image of the impure (dead) in the other direction. We are here, to the south, and the corpse was lying there, north ... "
5. The student should also recorded "location" or place of corpses. Location here means: "Hand here, in that the other leg, the middle part of the body in this place so .." or "I'm in this place, images and there are impure."
6. Students must also recognize "the world". This corpse is presented beneath the heel, which is presented on top of the hair and skin around the world. The space sector is also regulated world. Such as the space was filled by thirty-two possible degenerations. In this way, yogis realize gender of the corpse: "This is the world of the hands, the feet, the head, his body or part of this hypertrophy etc .." Must be that the student body shop police craving does not arise. Because oil look a corpse away the craving thoughts can also arise where yogis. Only when the corpse to make sure that this does not give rise to craving the new students can come close to that observation.

Students should develop perceptual effort or the idea of ​​pollution in six ways on.
When meditators close their eyes that can see the image of the student body has "learned" how to observe. Yogis developed until achieving "general application".
If the student can not be achieved by six general observation on how the students have continued to identify the pollution by five complementary ways:

1. The impurities can be recognized via "junctions" of corpses. Contiguous here is fourteen major junctions: three junctions in the right hand, three junctions in the left hand, three junctions in the right leg, three junctions in the left leg, a head junctions , an adjacent seat in the back.
2. Next, yogis contemplate "open space". Place open here is the hole in the side of his arm and a hole in the middle of the leg, the stomach hole, the hole of the ear or the status of the eyes and mouth open.
3. The student should also observe corpses through "dimples" as: orbital, in the inside of the mouth or armpit drive. Student should also observe: "I was standing in a depression and corpses lying in the hollow".
4. Next, students have observed "bumps". Means any protrusions such as knees, chest or forehead. Student should also observe the following: "I was standing in the bumps, corpses lying in the bulge" [11]
5. Finally, students have to observe "the surroundings", as the whole body and the area around the corpse.

After having focused on the things above, the meditator silently recite in mind: "bulge undertakings and undertakings ballooning, ballooning accounts" like it's a policy that body bulge.
If attentively observe how the body by six major and five complementary way, yogis will certainly achieve the image or "minister" of the pollution.
Yogis observe and think about the pollution many times, ten times, a hundred times, thousand times or ten thousand times until the student gets the image or "General". Yogis achieve minister means that yogis can see the dead body when closed her eyes bulge policy.
If Bhikkhu achieve "minister" but not reach the final destination of meditation in the cemetery, the master monk to return to the temple because he can not stay in the graveyard. When he returned to the temple, he must remember all that on his way back to the temple. Master memo direction, east or west, south or north. He also noted what he saw, such as rocks, tree, bushes etc .. Noting what along the way and the means yogis always keep mindfulness meditation. Upon returning to the temple, if anyone questioned especially questions concerning the teaching he must answer. Teacher not avoid answering. When they were at the temple, might he have some obligation to work for another master monk. When answering questions or doing duty with the other monk teacher "general" that he has made may be lost and can not be recalled because he had been wandering. When yogis lay back from the cemetery, they also have to answer the questions and do the same duties.
When the student has lost "Minister" and can not return to the cemetery to meditate, the students have "heart" to go to the graveyard, where corpses are thrown away and then come right back. This way the student can reproduce the minister. Method of recording things along the way and observe where the corpse was a nice support for meditation. Yogis will recall small rocks, large boulders, this place objects, materials and there until every student to review material on the road. Yogis remember in mind all the details along the way and the general pollution.
When yogis achieve minister called "general practitioners", the minister will come back out for the yogis is fearsome and disgusting. Yogis dwell on it several times and noted: "impure, impure, impure" or "bulge undertakings and undertakings ballooning, ballooning policy" until the image in the mind is clear. General or mental image may appear but did not seem disgusting and very stout body and was well fed.
That minister called a "rough Minister". Then will no longer obstacles in the student center and student will "samadhi" ( jhaana ). That is how the monk or layman wants to meditate contemplate heading to practice corpse.
Purity Path citing "observe the ten corpses" but this sutta just after nine stages disintegration of the corpse. After thorough observation of titles corpse, yogis will attain "meditation" ( jhaana ). After attaining "meditation", yogis can get this done jhaanas heading for Vipassana. Students may review the elements of which they had attained jhaanas, track elements of Zen stories come and go, arise and disappear. Yogis can see the elements of the story and then cessation of meditation arises. From this stage the meditator can gain insight to the next until it reaches the final insight and enlightenment Nirvana. Therefore, you can use cadaver heading to practice concentration meditation first and then move on to Vipassana. Can practice the method described in this business to make up the idea or knowledge of the pollution and aware of the dangers and the imperfection of the human body. When the idea or knowledge of the dangers and uncertainties arise in the student center, student born to find this knowledge and then passes away. Yogis also realize that the mind aware of the birth and death are also arise and disappear. Yogis saw the birth and death of the mind and the birth and death of the object of the mind [that is dead]. Yogis continue such practice until reaching holy.
When yogis took the corpse to section Vipassana meditation, the student does not need to go to the cemetery because it is important in Vipassana is to apply the defilements of the corpse in his own body: "The corpse truth is impure and disgusting, so this body. my body can not be out of this feature. "
In the land of the West, meditation observe corpses was difficult because you can not see the corpse in the graveyard is. In the US, the corpse was makeup as a person is sleeping, her face was beautiful, looking corpse you can not launch the concept of pollution. You can find some photos of corpses, but images of dead bodies nor the full details because you can not find the corpse bulge guidelines, disintegrate or cut into pieces etc .. Day today, at the Eastern countries, it's hard to find a dead body is in the process of destruction.
From Monday to process the eighth process of corpses ruined recorded in this sutta is:

- Were crows, hawks, vultures ... dog, newspaper, tigers, raccoons eat and be gouged by maggots,
- leaving only the bones connected by tendons with little meat stick to that,
- just connect the remaining bone instant by ribs, covered in blood, not meat
- leaving only the bones connected by tendons, no flesh, no blood,
- leaving only bones fall apart, scattered all over the place: this is the hand bones, bone pins, chin bone, bone side, femur, spine and skull
- leaving only bare bones faded as shells,
- just over a year old bones, lying in heaps.

Ninth destructive process as follows:

- When he saw the body monk discard in the cemetery, leaving only the bones crumbled like dust, master monk he applies this perception to his own body: "Indeed, this body (our) has the same characteristics as such, it would be like the other body and not beyond the features are. "

Thus, we have talked to nine corpses progress, from opening until bulge determine bone decay and crumbling.
There is another kind of pollution other meditation called "meditation on the bones". Many bones do meditation exercises. When yogis practice this type of meditation for a long time, yogis will see only the bone only. Oil a few people who are still alive but under the eyes, it's just yogis skeletons.
Here is the story of Elder Tissa Mahaa . On the way to the village for alms, elders Tissa met a girl. This girl had a quarrel with her ​​husband and was on his way back to her parents' home. When the girl met Elder Tissa Mahaa the girls laugh. Elders Mahaa Tissa just saw the girl's teeth and found her body just a skeleton. Elders were meditating on carious and gained impure perception of the body should show every body just the skeleton. When you see the skeletons come across elders development Vipassana meditation and attained Arhat. The husband chased his wife, met elders Mahaa Tissa elders asked if the woman had seen what went on this road no. Elders Mahaa Tissa replied: "I did not see the man or woman who goes on this road at all. I just saw a skeleton to go on this road alone". It is the result of meditation on the corpse title.
At this point we terminate observe body parts. There are fourteen headings themselves to meditate or contemplate are: observing the breath, observe postures, mindfulness and awareness, observed impure body, observe and contemplate the four corpses of nine categories.END=NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.29/2/2016.MHDT.