Four Title Mindfulness

(Satipatthana)

                           

 

Introduction:

 

After enlightenment, the Buddha has employed means to lead all beings to enlightenment path depending upon each level. Four headings Mindfulness is one method of practice was first preached Bhagavan.

 

Buddha preached doctrines but vastly from human to the universe, but its still revolves around humans. Human-object deeply to see the cosmos, four headings practice mindfulness helps us recognize the truth of themselves, others and society. It is also significant that the Buddha lofty target when enlightened beings want.

 

Contents:

 

I. Definition

 

Buddhist doctrine asserts that: To comprehend a phenomenon of things, necessarily use mindfulness methods. No contemplation is impossible to assess the true character and objective is. Intellectual consistency was used to thinking, and analytical illuminates subjects to comprehend the essence of things. Mindfulness is understood simply as objects remember thinking to implement a process of observing, thinking. At the preliminary stage, the idea is the premise for the shop. Without the customary conception can not occur. Mindfulness also means memories stored objects after shop. If the subject gives a positive result, benefits for the practice leads to enlightenment, I used that concept to practice mindfulness. In the Four Noble Truths doctrine, four headings are Bhagavan contemplation preached at the sole director. First of all, this is a practice of balancing on just and consistent. Include:

 

1. Contemplation of body

2. Contemplation of Life

3. The contemplation of mind

4. legal contemplation.

 

Subscribe to the presence of the body, feelings, mind and the law, this is called meditation only. Going into the shop to see nature being destroyed our nature, is called meditation.

 

II. Contents Four titles contemplation

 

1. Contemplation of body

 

Mindfulness of the body means the body meditation practice. Mindfulness allows this practice to be aware of the peace, serenity in the present life, to practice lifestyle posture and to see the flip side of this body.

 

a / Quan body through breathing

 

This form of instant shop window (counting the breath). However, contemplating the body through breath not only count but also breath the breath in, breath out how short-term and know so. In other words, at that time we are aware and recognize yourself. Breath for human life is paramount. Humans can abstain from eating and drinking for a long time, but life would end without breathing for a few minutes. In the chapter Four duodenum, Buddha asked the monk subjects: Network live how long? First Place answer in a few days. Monday replied to your meal. Buddha did not understand two directors. Third party answers about life in the breath. Buddhist merit he had understood religion. We breathe all day, all night, but at least when we catch our breath. We are too busy to worry about what to eat and clothe which forget the magic of breath. We are not interested in the lungs breathing and our heart. When anxious, angry make rapid heartbeat, difficulty absorbing lung air, this time capturing the breath is very important, help us regain calm state of mind and body conditioning. When the breath and the body is regulated by relative calm state will arise.

 

In fact, the inhale exhale shallow depth is not important. The important thing of all is we are aware of the breath. Buddha inhale exhale when we must consciously monitor his breathing. Breathing out long, short, they must know is long, short very lucid and awake. Today in modern civilized life, people act as shuttles in the loom. People can practice mindfulness of breathing allowed to bring health and work productivity. At higher levels, it helps improve and develop the mentality.

 

b / shop through body gestures operation

 

This form of contemplating the body through walking, standing, sitting, lying down, the other activities of the body, in order to control the activities of the body with mindfulness. Use of right means to maintain and promote the right speech, right action, right livelihood.

 

In fact, the significance of mindfulness is to concentrate consciousness to arise. Buddha advised Buddhists to consciousness in every action even the tiniest. As well as awareness of the breath, when we know they're going, when you are standing stand know ... Knowing so to feel the action is fully in the present moment. Such is life lived in mindfulness, awareness and living in peace. Conscious of his step to show that we are walking between heaven and earth water cloudy, with flowers and trees, birds, ... Every step of harmony with the landscape we are, space and time, mix with both the vast universe, and the vast universe are present in his every step. Aware that the words we are saying there's greed, anger or not. Because the words which I spoke had contained the thoughts and their thoughts. In life, sometimes we do not have the guts to sense and test the system. Finally, we just have a sense of frivolity, and the lives lost in the present moment.

 

Often in life, we are governed by the past and the future. Therefore, do not enjoy the present happiness. Look at a person sitting in the auditorium listening to the French, but his mind is thinking of the loan amount not regained and is looking to get back in one day recently. Try asking him feel complete with peanut legal source or are cultivated for a relationship worries sorrow? Thus, the true meaning of the awakening to the operation of the living body with the current action. When we consciousness, awake before an action, there are two possibilities happen: either we are immersed in the action, the action live without thinking anything other than righteous, vigilant and do not see themselves in action then immediately it was a good result then. Or are we self-consciously to the "I" in action, ie self-thought associated with the action. Thus, awareness of the body to the action of ardent zeal, it is the true meaning of mindfulness and awareness. When we are acting consciously tied to the 'me', it is the first step back in line with the operational autonomy of the self.

 

Thus, the body shop through our actions to help control the body's activities in mindfulness, to practice right conduct posture, take us back to live in the present; lifestyle shuns find happiness by imagination, by expectation and by flashbacks.

 

c / impure body shop through the constituent parts difference

 

Normally we rarely pay attention to her body in detail. I only care about what it needs like eating, sleeping, ... how to have health, to the beautifully proportioned body. We are proud and appreciate our bodies, because in the eyes of all people to have a beautiful body, beauty, ... I cherish, nurture and protect it up. Conversely're really suffering and shame when we have a bodily disability as cross-eyed, snub, ... we feel when faced with mental suffering people.

 

But whether beautiful or ugly, this body is still impure, is interdependent, impermanent, selfless. In view of the Buddhist tradition, the human body is composed by the four elements, ie the four elements: earth, water, wind, fire, also known as four instructions: boundaries are solids (bone, meat), hydrosphere liquid (blood, pus ...), fire instructions are heat (temperature), style is very dynamic world (breath).

 

In the land Niem (Central I), the Buddha taught methods to observe four great body as follows: from the sole of the foot bar to the top of hair is covered by skin and full of discrepancies impure things. Moreover, this impure body while still in the womb, blood gases absorb that life. The impure and false case of this body has been expressed more clearly, more powerful when we toss a body shop outside the cemetery. The first step is to contemplate the body swelling up, rotting out. The second step was the body shop with birds and predatory insects. The third step was only shop remaining body skeleton bound together by the tendons. The fourth step is to contemplate her body leaving only the white bones disjointed, over time damage the white powder dissolved. While contemplating this, Buddhists know that: "This body is such nature, nature is thus not beyond his qualities". That is surely true affirmation of Bhagavan. This body is governed by birth, aging, sickness and death. Time passed, then life also decreases. A body that I loved day is now only cooled ashes. Pretty bad, rich and poor, on man, ... are like that.

 

However, consistency is impure body, are impermanent not mean you are pessimistic about it, abandon or destroy it. Buddha did not allow Buddhists pessimistic about any one thing in life. If we see the downside of that pessimism itself, that we ruin ourselves. That would go against a high ideal of Bhagavan.

 

Because the purpose of contemplating the body impure is to put people beyond the obstacles and suffering kowtowing attachment to this body. Such consistency to confront sexual desire.

 

In short, the body shop can be understood on two aspects: the rough and consistent economic component shop. Coarse fraction is customary activities outside of yourself as walking, standing, sitting, lying, ... The fact that this body shop composed by the four elements, the structure together through the impurities.

 

2. Contemplation of Life

 

a / What is Life?

 

Life is telling off of sensations. When taking something, or to accept something is called life. Life expectancy include relatives and life center. These two fields interact. Maybe dear life expectancy but not the mind, or body and mind at the same sensations. From this idea, we have the content of life includes three states: pleasures are happy excitement, amused audience. Unpleasant is suffering psychological state, bored ... Real suffering any psychological pleasures are neutral, not biased towards optimism as to the suffering. We can understand that life's pleasures and suffering psychological subjectivity, no suffering any psychological pleasures that objective.

 

Feeling is an indispensable basis for the formation of human consciousness. Therefore, the contemplation of sensation is examined human psychology.

 

b / Contents of contemplation about life

 

To sensations are present, it must meet three essential elements: internal doors, external ceilings and exposed. Samyutta III, the Buddha taught that "Life being touched by label, sensation in the ear being touched ... by the emotional sentient life. Because life should contact arises arise, by exposure to life annihilated annihilated" . Six contacts are impressive Made emotionally intimate contact with all six senses perception: eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind in the face of six scenes corresponding ceilings: color, sound, flavor , taste, touch, approach.

 

The basis of the sensations of suffering, joy, what is neutral? Buddha said: "O Bhikkhus, conditioned by exposure to peanuts should explore pleasures. Do coast exposed to unpleasant departure suffering. Do coast exposed to any unpleasant suffering any pain should any departure pleasures" ( longitude Central III, No. 140). And how to recognize life? It's right in the presence of consciousness. When several units and ceilings charming, if not conscious of it, it will not have the feeling of optimism pleasant, unpleasant, or any suffering any pleasures. When we look at a flower, then there are two possibilities happen: either there is a pretty bad review, or not have a rating. If consciousness is beautiful flowers, fragrant, ... the sense pleasures will arise. If flowers are allergic points with me I will feel uncomfortable, unpleasant feeling when it arises. When looking flowers still smell beauty, fragrance allergies or discomfort, but do not bother about it, not interested nor bored. It is not suffering psychological state arises unhappy. Buddha said: "When food is clean, pure, he learned some things by his knowledge. He was optimistic tri mode, is suffering, suffering is no real communication" (ibid).

 

We do what and why life expectancy is said to suffer? All three states located pleasant, unpleasant, any unpleasant feeling may suffer physical, can not belong to the material; Life belongs to internal or external life belongs. I received this body is mine, is one. Want this body exists and beautiful, we received food and clothing, the need to equip life; and always tend to want more life to prove "myself" with life. As many of us feeling as happy, but in reality there are always suffering and happiness. People are always afraid of this body enjoys life die soon no material wealth created. At the same time they are afraid of reform actually stolen and suffer when things happen. When sa accidentally become empty-handed operation even more people suffering, life for them now is an edge. It is the suffering of the pleasures of the material. Feeling money, fame status, compliments and criticism, greed, anger, love of people, ... are not on physical sensations. When six apartments charming sensations born six ceiling, it belongs to external life. Feeling optimistic about the state of meditation called inner life. It boils sensations matter whether or not the material are so interested in the sensual pleasures bound: financing, size, name, real, ie the desire lobes on money (wealth), beauty, fame (Regions taste), dining, sleeping skills. However, feelings lead to suffering or happiness depends very much on the level of our enlightenment. For practicing Buddhists, contemplative wisdom always mastered his mind before the sensations. Know that feeling is impermanent and will easily be bound by feelings, Buddhists do not receive sensations of desire. Living in pleasures without consequences, unpleasant but not life in extreme pain because there are observed and full understanding of their nature.

 

3. The contemplation of mind

 

a / What is mind?

 

When discussing about is discussing a complex issue because it is difficult to define how the mind. I can not speak about is ... as it comes to a particular thing. Therefore, say to people is said to activities of body and mind. Activities of the familiar raw ingredients, the operation of part of international attention. Nevertheless, we still catch and identify it. We keep hearing about the center through the concept: moral consciousness, the mind evil, selfishness, greed, dosa, ... All are expressions of interest in life. In the same time there are two concepts can not co-exist. Kusala is active, the absent evil mind, greed works are absent Bell Centre (metta) ...

 

b / Contents of contemplation of the mind

 

Ie interest we are taking care to shop center, right in the center itself without observing an object other than the center. That is, we are conscious of our mind to see presence and its activities. As mentioned, people are divided into two five aggregates the body and the mind. The body belongs to excellence, and the mind is feeling, perception, and consciousness. Body and mind have an intimate relationship with each other. The body is the basis of consciousness and mental activities lend themselves to expression. The mind is invisible, but it has the characteristics of the body. It can touch the (sympathetic), it also felt distressed and tranquility. So that man always exists an intractable chronic disease: heart disease. Body disease is caused by disharmony base year (malnutrition, lack of drinking, lack of medicines, ...). Heart disease, there are many reasons, but the main reason is because of greed, hatred and delusion: the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Participate about material possessions, status, emotions, ... Take not the hatred, the sufferings that born diseases. And dear heart disease can lead to disease and vice versa. Sometimes the disease itself but not heart disease, and heart disease when given to sick relatives.

 

Our mind is not fixed in one place at all, but it often changes from one state to another state, depending on the objective conditions and subjective subject and object. In Buddhism, the mind is like a monkey that often climb trees and passed from branch to branch throughout the day. Before such anniversary next thought was another, continually being destroyed as waterfall. Today loving people out of ink, tomorrow to hate. The mind is being destroyed because of conditions. Therefore, the center is not an independent entity exists. On that basis, there is no ego center of it. Your mind is so sharp, feeling, perception, volition and consciousness. Themselves of these factors also conditioned by birth, impermanence, selflessness. So the mind is impermanent, selfless. Buddha said: "O Bhikkhus, accepted as permanent consciousness, even worse mistake and was accepted as permanent body. Since the body person can survive for several decades to a hundred years, even the consciousness of people is being destroyed in every moment of change "(Journal Agama, T.II). It's dangerous to accept that the mind is permanent, immutable. If so, accept this life as a result of social inequality and forever disorder, corruption. Because heartless man can not be changed. The role of education, ethics will not be valid. Participants still involved, the courts still pitch. Without the practice go to enlightenment. We know that now is from the mind, but the mind is often adopted, how the switch is now. Thus, misfortune kept damnation, intellectual liberal unable to go into enlightenment.

 

4. Contemplation of Justice:

 

a / What is France?

 

The term "legal" does not mean limited to specific objects belonging to the material world does not perception. According to Buddhist teachings, the word is understood to mean measures broadly, encompasses the universe and human, material and spiritual, psychological and physical. France was divided into two groups: legal and mental phenomena. Superb picture quality measures hinder and mindless; as a table, tree, water cup, ... Mind is a legal method formlessness, not visible, but can perceive. Here, the man she met two French. That is the man five aggregates: form, feeling, perception, volition and consciousness. Rupa is excellent in 5 aggregates (physical body). About France is feeling, perception, and consciousness; the intrinsic mental world that its effects are infer, thoughtfully, ... to manifest the mentality sad, happy, ... Example fluctuations in mind when operating the Hindrances Meditation and spent the year (1), or operation of the Interior enlightenment (2).

 

b / Contents of legislative contemplation

 

Man is subject to the legal practice of mindfulness. Because it right enough legal and mental phenomena. Buddhists contemplate the five aggregates to realize the relationship between ourselves and the cosmos. Without it the universe could not have been five aggregates. From this essence increasingly clear about the meaning of the legal selflessness.

 

In the Bible, commentary Development of Buddhism, including legal selfless selflessness and selfless person, or material qualities of selflessness and selflessness legal mind. Here phenomena are common only legal body and the external world. Legal and mental phenomena are dependent on causes and conditions that constitute them as falsehoods. Shurangama taught: "Human existence graceful harmony falsehoods being, predestined mortal separated falsehoods". When looking at the glass of lemonade, it does not have its ego. Because it is not an independent entity, but it is only present in the interdependent relationship: what is water, what is the way, the lemon, ... my mind too, it depends on internal foreign units scene, on contact, feeling, perception, and consciousness. When the subject of cognition and cognitive objects are interdependent selflessness is also an ego to survive that attachment.

 

Needless to say, the body and mind exist only in a certain time and then under the rule of birth, city, damaged, destroyed, but lost. The body can not exist outside the mind, the mind can not exist outside the body. Just as color can not exist outside of sensation, perception, and consciousness. Therefore, Buddhism does not accept a soul after the body color destruction. The reason that the idea of ​​an immortal soul and see it fall, is due to confirm the man's self-perpetuating endless time. The idea of ​​a soul, fell so, Buddhists are indeed false and empty. It was just a delusion concept of false consciousness can not be present in reality.

 

III. Meaning consistent and practical benefits when practicing mindfulness Four title

 

When choosing four headings contemplation to practice, practice is the self. Because the liberation of rebirth for the people is the main goal targeted by the Buddha in this life. Understand yourself, understand others and things. Seeing is predestined kill, impermanent, selfless man is seen in the other method such.

 

Where human impermanence is the most powerful impression do we awaken. An animal or a dead tree gives no feeling strong enough by themselves province humans. During his contemplation of titles, we see them share the same characteristics in terms of human nature that is being destroyed coast, impermanence, selflessness. That was the common characteristic of all compounded (3). In fact, said contemplating the body impure, restaurant impermanence center is just a way of saying to highlight characteristics clearest expression of them only. For example, the body is impure easy identification. Impure body is itself impure. And mind the more subtle impermanence.

 

Therefore, the first mindfulness is to return the body and mind with the present moment live. Banish oblivion and dispersed to maintain mindfulness and sustainment. Four titles are contemplating practical teachings drawn from the intimate experience of life. It is also essential in the teachings of Buddhism: inseparable life, but closely associated with life. When the body is contemplating contemplation about the physical aspect, that is seen to be a combination of specific physical elements make up the human body and see the impurities of the body during life and at death to the value sexual desire. The contemplation of sensation and consciousness are contemplating on the psychological aspect, which is seen to be the arising and ephemeral transformation of the mind, in order to understand the mind and pure heart. The contemplation of selfless ways to find properties that far from attachment. Prajna Heart Sutra says, "When the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara can contemplate the five aggregates and discovered the emptiness of self, he overcame all obstacles victims suffering". When the vicissitudes and impermanent nature of things not dominant inner spiritual life, we overcome suffering such as Guanyin.

 

Buddha has confirmed the benefits of this practice mindfulness Four: "This is the only road leading to pure beings, beyond the sorrow, pain and grief destroy, achievements right knowledge, enlightenment Nirvana "(Beijing meditative, Central I).

 

Conclusions :

 

For real life, if four headings are practicing mindfulness, people will somehow overcome the obstacles related to the body and mind. Worldly habits may make it more difficult to overcome psychological and physical disease is seen as a potential feature. People have always tended to live in desire, craving. When instincts are not educated, the pain is still piling up. User education of four headings contemplation and self-interest take themselves as a basis. Although the four headings of education through contemplation, visible human nature and the material is thus seen to be the harm if immersed before, see the benefits of renunciation, but normally we do not have enough copies field to limit their autonomy and advance the power of desire. That's because we only understand the problem but not really practice. Noting that other students of Buddhism with Buddhist practitioners. Buddhist learning only to enrich the knowledge of Buddhism, satisfying learn, who just stood outside lane but not inside the house. Buddhist students practice Buddhism again just the one who actually live and practice according to the Dhamma. These people have been happy new long-term achievements and capable pious enlightenment. Understanding is not real life capital seekers. The new practice is a living capital, the core of the Buddhists on the road looking for deliverance.

 

Annotate

 

(1) Five hindrances: the wisdom of the veils, an obstacle to the practice of meditation are: lust, anger, drowsiness (torpor), agitation or suspected.

 

Five goodwill: a nature contrary to five hindrances. We are factors convince five hindrances to put in the center. Including: range, quad, rapture, happiness, one heart.

 

(2) Seven Enlightenment (also called the Seven Bodhi part): the seven means to enlightenment, including scout law, diligence, joy, equanimity, mindfulness, concentration and discharge.

 

(3) France compounded: the karmic law caused by artifacts, as opposed to the unconditioned law is not predestined by artifact, which is true as, Buddhahood. END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGTHMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=THE EIGTHFOLD PATH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.2/6/2015.