WHAT HAS BOUND US.

What things have bound us? Something in this life we have to hang on to it? The answer would be: "this world". For Buddhists, including all her characters: that's not just a man's world, in which all of the staff, the Sun, animals, demons where hell, hungry ghosts, and all the Holy realm of existence.

It's hard to know what this vast world is nothing, because there are a number of possible formats that are not visible; usually, we only see what appears on the surface, it is the outer covers things really relatively contact with average intelligence of humans. Because of that reason that Buddhism had to teach us about a "world" covers the entire field of all.

According to his teachings, the Buddha of this world split in two: the material or physical world and the world Africa-animals-nature or the mind-spirit. Then you divide the mental world to do four, so if give the physical world add to there will be in all components and the Buddha referred to as "the third year structure" (skandha). In the discussion of the world below, we will be particularly interested in the world of the spiritual life to contain (can collectively "they" or "them take eyesight", but some books call Vietnamese very wrong is "they love"!) and some of them will special emphasis to human , because the world itself that is causing all the problems. Five components have just told all present where human: human physical body is the proper structure of matter, the human consciousness consists of four structures incorporate rest (so should understand font "the world" is the skandha of themselves and all other phenomena in this world).

The first proper structure in the sense of feeling (vedana- passive), this structure is composed of three possible forms: delight or satisfy, discomfort or real content, and neutral feeling news not interested nor uncomfortable, however there is also a form of sensory feeling. In the usual sense, always appears with us, so we always were overwhelmed by the feeling of empathy, which Buddhism see sense sensibility as a component in the creation of the human mind.

Second structure of the mind is the perception (sanna- idea), it is the process of helping help aware context around it, something similar at formula, must be left with the sleeping or at death. That process requires memory and both sensory knowledge, and therefore it includes at the same time the preliminary sense sense (in the present happening) arises due to the exposure of an object with the eyes, ears, nose, tongue and body or celebrate the feeling of feeling had in the past. So we can get to know directly the color, size, category ... of an object, and at the same time recognize the characteristics she has occurred previously by Receeding about past thanks to memory.

Third configuration of the conscious mind is positive thinking (sankhara - onions, Italian author, news ...), it is the thought that we're going to do something or say something, maybe it's a thinking bring good or bad nature, something only thinking, innovative initiative.

The fourth match was the structure of sensory knowledge feel (vinnana - formula), that is the function of the mind helps to know (be aware, understand) objects by sense-meaning by the sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch (the collision with the body) ... and by both the mind anymore (that means an understanding arises from the combination of what feel from the sensory organs and knowledge-consciousness).

Four minor texture then the physical body part and create the basis for the four types of cling were presented in chapter IV. The better off should stop here to reread the chapter IV to learn truth knows how turn is four types of cling. And we will understand that in the above case structure just do things the object back just as the basis for the cling and the fear of him. We tend to identify themselves through the case, and depending on the level of ignorance that we will identify themselves to any structure of first year then profile. For example, a child is in pain because the batter head on a door, and he kicks a door it for EH angry and feel less pain. In other words, then it is also the way that it viewed the door as a "people", but that is just a complete physical entity, the cling of her simple rank. While that for an adult, then, floating around for his body, then he can take up his first boxing, this is the way that people identify themselves through his own body, similar to a baby see the door as an external body did for the body it is painful.

For someone a little more intelligent, then know identify themselves through the sensations of his sensibility, his feel for the object, his thinking and his sense of sensory knowledge, however he still did not distinguish each texture combination one and only know his identity based on the totality of things.

In addition to the case identify themselves through the physical body as above, is also easy to identify suicidal tendencies born out through the sense of feeling, even though she's feeling kind of sense pleasant, painful or neutral. Examples of cases we were invaded by the sensations feel extremely interesting, such as the great thing bring a variety of colors, shapes, sounds, aromas, sweetness, colliding softness makes it soaked from the soul to the body. In that case the feeling of feeling will bring excitement, personality and interest arising from the feeling he will make us cling to them. Usually everyone identify themselves through the sensations of his feelings, and it also is not very difficult to understand because of all the people enjoy the feeling of things feel good, especially with tactile, sensory feelings arise from the collision of the skin. Ignorance and illusion to make us blind I only see objects of pleasure to cling to them and to call it the "I". Feeling sympathetic, though intrigued or annoyed, is a base of true suffering. On spiritual aspects can feel sensations that he meant suffering because it only brings grief to consciousness: excitement causing it to be staggered, the discomfort, the doomed it. Be, lost, happy or sad, all the worry is the oscillation of the mind, we make the conscious mind is like wielding a camera. What has just presented is the cling by self-identification through sensory feeling.

We need to understand the truth of the above process is thorough. If the conscious mind to afford realized was merely feeling a sense of the object of the cling, then it will liberate yourself easily. Routine then the sensations feel stands out in command of the conscious mind, it lured us into the circumstances that we have to regret. The Buddha has outlined the path of practice most help us achieve perfection (or fullness could taste A variety of news-la-Han), and on the way that He always warned us to know to observe careful, study and learn on the Visual phenomena. Should understand that there were a lot of people escape from suffering and achieve perfection by conscious sensory feeling is just a single object of the sát (see sense sensibility as what "outside" and not recognize them as "I" or "my").

Sense feel more dangerous than any other structure, because it could turn into a base for the cling, the real reason is simple because all the stirring and all our actions are geared to the sensations feel like a first purpose. We try to study, work to earn money, using her money to buy enough things for yourself: from the daily supplies to the food, the entertainment, delicious cuisine in the elegant restaurant and even sex. We enjoy the things with a single purpose: to create for themselves the exciting sensations, in other words voila is the stimulus brings delight to the eye, ear, nose, tongue and body. We pack all the money, effort and his spirit into the single objective is expecting to find the sensations feel like it. But from where your inmost hearts, then each of us understands that should not leave out makes them unable to study, work, energy to the pursuit of finding a bit of beneficiary is sensory delights.

So really very evident is what presented above are the very key thing. Recognize and understand the importance of the Visual feel will help us control them, beyond their shine, most alkaline ring gives him the ability to perform their responsibilities more effectively.

Similarly, social problems also arise from things like feelings, sensations and if observed carefully, we see the conflict between Nations or between blocks of powers occurred not through is also because both sides are being enslaved by emotional sense of things like (the rights , eat, wealth, land ...). The war did not happen because of the religious faith, for ideal or anything else, that just because want to aim at finding things like Visual feel (plundered). Both imagine I will collect donations are everything to profit and wealth. That is just a disguise or if better then a secondary engine. Cause for bringing to the main conflict is the event not to resist the imposition of Visual excitement. Understand the feeling of what empathy means that consciousness is the most important cause makes us slaves to what pollution of the mind, into the bad thing and every pain (Please note the master did not explain sympathetic sense of Buddhadasa limited within the framework of a physical and psychological process , which looked far more like a lot and has proven to us that is the cause of bringing everything to the human suffering, from things fallen a victim to the personal conflict for an extensive global and humanity. This is a really broad vision and profound philosophical, about the feeling of empathy).

If the view is that the status of the human world, you should also understand that the workers are not quite nothing. They also dominated by the feeling of excitement, and maybe longer than both of us. Although they have seen her charms under a more subtle aspect, but not so that they at least be more attracted by the wonderful feeling of sensory things brought from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind. For the Sun News is higher than the human Angel, then things like the feeling of feeling like the above excluded of course, but still there is something created by another interesting reason for the cling: she is delight associated with exercise to promote the deep focus (focus deep-tu-not yet enough to bring the freed because there is no need to feel deeply about the nature of all things-news tu wisdom). When the conscious mind focused in a way far deeper then will feel an excitement, a sense of fun that makes it cling to consciousness (can form of the Sun in the sense presented in the question above). Every human lower animals, will of course be the prey of sensory feeling under a form of crude than us lot. Understand the nature of sensory feelings and be aware that we are not the sense of feel and I don't have a reason to cling to them in order to assimilate themselves as them, voila will be a the real precious to us in this life.

The feeling (sanna- idea) is also another aspect of the consciousness are easy to identify. Such casual people always that sleep will have something called a "soul" to break out of the body, and the body then becomes a tree, totally senseless lost the ability to feel any sense of sensory stimulation. When that "loins" integration back to the body, then the knowledge along with possible mental shape in at the Department will be recovered. A lot of people to assimilate a naïve way "that" with "self". But the Buddha was preaching that the feeling is not necessarily required to be linked to the existence of a "human fish". The feeling is just a general sense and includes anniversary, means that are the understandings are accumulated and given the perceived presence will continue until the body is still operating normally. When the functions of the body disturbed, what we called the "sense" will transform and ceased operation. That is the reason why these people did not accept the main leg Buddhist assimilation of the felt with a "I" (the fall) brings the individual personality. Therefore, the true meticulous research and a deep according to the teachings of the Buddha will bring the opposite results and shows the felt unconnected to a "self", it is only results yielded from a natural process, no more no less.

One other cause causing the cling arising from positive thinking (sankhara - onions, Italian author,, created career), it is how the plan will execute something or keep something, it is an act of consciousness (the mind Italy, Italy, the only action of note), and it can bring good or bad nature. Thinking is also the basis of creating the firm recognition of an innovative individual ego. People tell us is if you want to identify yourself as a something the event "think" will keep the priority role for help yourself identify themselves take. Thus a SEVENTEENTH century philosopher (1596-1650, René Descartes, a French mathematician, physicist and philosopher famed Frenchman) had built all his philosophy based on the following postulate: "I think that is my existence" (originally by Latin due to r. Décartes raised in 1634 as "Cogito , ergo sum ". He then continued to develop more and in 1641, call dodging go a bit is "Ego sum, ego existo" means "I'm like this [i.e.] the current", I can R. Décartes have found vulnerabilities in the postulates which he raised, but what was wrong, despite trying to circumvent in any way then the basis is still wrong. For example I put reverse postulates of r. Déscartes as follows: "before I think, when I don't think and after I no longer think anymore, I have retained or not?" A person in coma-coma-or completely insane and becomes absurd, no longer know who is present or not? Or a crazy person only sees in his head is the devil, stab slash and Gore, and only know screaming then have sufficient to think "I like this [i.e.] I present" or not? Indeed stated by r. postulates Décartes up on this too him naive and childish, but unfortunately it has tremendous influence to the ideological and cultural background of Western). Philosophers of science of the us has not proved any progress at all on this topic: because were from thousands of years they still thought that thinking is the basis for determining an individual ego; According to them the "ego" was thinking. As we have seen, for the Buddha, the enlightened as the felt is not what has created the "I". He also denied even thinking, i.e. can form thoughts of the conscious mind, such as a fall, because the activities that detected in the form of thinking is just an entirely innovative process naturally. Thinking arising from the results of a long series of events to happen before then. It's just an overall structures contains different ingredients to create a "personal" and expressly does not master one shows the existence would be "I" or an "I". So we can hold the comments was the "thinking" does not contain any personal entity, similar to the case of things combined structure presented above.

Of finding out about the problem on this difficult as well because of the nature of the mind is not fully understanding. We know quite well about the body configuration, the combination of the material world, but don't know much about the consciousness, i.e. an overall of more integrated structure non-material-substance. For this problem though also just raised briefly as the Buddha was teaching that "individuals" is an overall structural things hybrid, consists of five medium-sized material. When what we call "thinking" does show up, then immediately we looked into it to give that "someone" standing behind (he thought), as a man who stands out to think, a dominating body soul, or do something like that. But the Buddha rejected that view completely. When the separation-call-as "individuals" out doing the five components (skandha), then will not rest at all, it shows only the component is present, but "people" is not. Nor do more thinking, not to prove the existence of the self as people still often believe.

Combined structure is finally feeling the sense of knowledge (vinnana- formula), it is the only function that helps the sense of integrity of objects due to the perceived sense of years know. And certain it is not one I can fish at all. The organ (sensory feelings) simply holds the role of recognition of color, shape, sound, smell, taste and touch, we directly impact the Agency 's (Please also noted more is knowledge itself is also a sensory organ to sense and feel of the objects it is the mental picture , i.e. the non-material-substance). The results will have a sense of the audience has just told is formed in three stages (sense-perception-positive thinking). For example, the Visual case will happen the sense of transparency about the shape of the object to be observed; Maybe it's a human or an animal, to large or small, Whitty or faraway, etc.. The consciousness is a process of complete machines, itself operate automatically (depending on the career, personal experience and education ...). But some people back to it's "soul" and it can enter or exit the body, receive the stimulating thanks to the sensory organs, and "I" then reside in the soul. The Buddhist people only see it as a natural operation; When one object of Visual contact with the eyes and optic nerve of the eye, an image will appear, and from images that will form a Visual knowledge. Again the operation of the process on here for us to see that does not need to have a presence of self.

After analyzing "a sentient" and divided it up into each individual case profiles-news body, sensory perception, feeling, thinking and feeling the sense of knowledge-you will not find anything can see that's what I'm up to something. Therefore we can refute absolutely wrong thoughts to conclude that nothing can be a crumpled or contain a self at all. People would no longer catch the body, not love or hate them anymore, you can see he has received countless personalities consistent fall of all things. Just thanks to the Rationalist thinking well enough to prove there is no self; but usually it just represents a trust or an opinion, not an Embassy see transparency, comprehensive help to sever permanently the cling to an "I". Because of this reason that we should learn the truth wall t n fifth case structure based on the basis of the three allowed training to promote a consistent inner shows afford help us eliminate the cling to the thought of the existence of an ego. Allowed to exercise that aims to promote the intellectual and eliminate ignorance. In conclusion I have to see it yourself without a case is the ego at all, and has no self worth for me to cling to it, and thereby all form cling, including the existing instinct from birth, would have to cease permanently. Thus, we must learn to dig deep more understanding of the fifth integrated structure as the basis for the myth of an "ego". The Buddha special emphasis to this aspect of his teachings and can summarize as follows: « does not have any a case of skandha is self at all ». It is a real pivotal point in Buddhist teachings, though on the way science, philosophy or religion. When was conscious of the truth that the cling and fear-arises from ignorance-would vanish, and envy is no longer a way to detect any more, and that suffering will also terminate.

So then why would we not know five things right with proper structure to the nature of it? When the new born I don't know nothing at all about the world around us, then we're just beginning to get the understanding thanks to what happened in the surrounding context to teach us to know, and the way that they convey the understanding given to me always contains the thought is there's a fish I can lie in the body (when the new baby born It does not distinguish the difference between it and the surrounding context, gradually thanks to the experience that it realized that what surrounds it different with it-for example it gets banged on the table edge to make it hurt-the understanding that gives it about a thought that I detached it from its surrounding context , such as a table). That is motivating the trust on a fork, bring the primary instincts and personality have arisen from the baby's birth, and the power of motivation which continue increasing constantly according to the time line. In the field of language and communication, we use words like "I", "he", "she", "it" ..., and it is also a way of further thoughts on an "ego". We also usually stated as follows: "this is Mr. X., this is Mrs. Y. He was the son of Mr. z. and the nephew of Mrs. W". Way of speaking that he encouraged his self-identification as a "human fish". Therefore no one of us bear interest to learn why I cling to what I like, and she does cling more and more. Meanwhile, the if has what I cling to the consequences of course are going on: that's the selfish will arise, the selfishness of which reflects in our daily actions (thus easy to understand as advocates of Mahayana Buddhism as well as of Germany Reached-Lai Lama is launching compassion to neutralize the selfish and, there is also an indirect way of killing put his ego). If we exert full be discernment to pubs, get it is a mistake, then we will no longer cling to the idea here is that Mr. X, here is Ms. Y, and they belong to the working class in society, it is the people or animals, etc. and we will realize that the title is just the term that humans invented for use on the communication only. When did understand that, you can tell we have escaped a "fraud of the society" (people in the society to communicate with each other by "Convention", i.e. a "hook brackets" or "implied" together, things that don't reflect the truth, and the authors view it as a form of "cheating" in the General activities of society). When we survey the overall creation of Mr. X, then we will realize he is just a combination consisting of body, feelings, sensory awareness, knowledge and visual thinking. That's one way of looking at all the things more wisely (don't be fooled by the "fraud" of innovative look at the Convention). Perform like that is the way to get out of the trap due to relative truth John out of this world.

In addition we can also push the analysis on this further. As for the physical body components for example, we can divide it into many components-land, water, air and fire-or use science to analyze it into the evening air, oxygen, carbon, etc. When more in-depth analysis than we see ourselves as being at least the illusion of a "human" fool me over. To see what lies beneath the illusion he then we will get to see only the proper configuration of matter and spirit. Angled, then look under the "human fish" will disappear. Thoughts about Mr. X, Ms Y or a social class which will also disappear. Thoughts about "my children, my husband, my wife ..." also disappeared. When we know all things under the light of the absolute truth, then we only see the proper structure, and if careful analysis of structures, then we will notice there is a common denominator for all: there is no names. In each case we analyze the structure does not have a case which is not clear about what they call the "self". We all have the ability to see consistent it absent (of self). When he saw the number-the cling and fear will no longer have reason to exist and perpetuate. They disappear, dissolve, and permanently fly into the air, does not leave a trace at all.

No animals, no people, no composition, no proper structure. Nothing at all apart from emptiness, the absence of "self". If the stop does not capture the object you will no longer know what suffering is. A person has to feel the emptiness of all things and if someone reviews themselves and yourself is a good guy or villain, cheerful or sad, or anything, you can't make yourself oscillate one else would. That's the result from understanding, i.e. the smoothly and the inner sense of transparency about the nature of true in texture. Understanding that will help to completely eliminate four things cling.

In summary, in this world everything is in proper structure-i.e. physical, sensory perception, feeling, thinking, and feeling the sense of knowledge (in other words, all this world arise from that structure: this is a view very close to Consciousness Studies in Mahayana Buddhism). Each case generates for me the mistake, because even though it does not contain a "self" at all, but it can still provoke the cling and scared of me. So should a man usually love always desires to be repossessed, desires are formed, or not want to possess, or do not want to be formed. That suggests that although in case they are bringing suffering, the suffering that need not be exposed between the heavenly white stick, which it truly is very discreet. So better off each of us should follow the teachings on ethics, concentration and wisdom (three allowed to practice), most of his permanent exclusion and help make the original illusion related to first year case structure (skandha). This is your path to freedom, liberation from all suffering. Life will become pure and good, the mind will rise above all things, all will continue like until the last day in this life. This is the result from the Consulate to see deep, pure and perfect on first year structure.END=NAM MO SAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGTHMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.28/12/2015.