Rahula's life in the Nikayas. INTRODUCTION During 49 years of teaching the Dharma to save birth, the Buddha converted all predestined people both at home and from home. Regardless of rich or poor, regardless of class, he said that there is no class in the same blood, tears and salt. The Buddha not only had ten famous disciples, he also had many. Among his disciples, there is a youngest person that we all know, which is the venerable Rahula. Even though he was born in a royal palace, full of love and care, he still gave up everything to follow the path of a senior sergeant. Not stopping there, the venerable was given the title of the first secret by the Buddha. In the Dhammapada there is a sentence: "the scent of fragrant flowers does not go against the wind, but the scent of a virtuous person goes against the wind" it is true that the scent of a virtuous person has passed through many years, centuries, time changes, space change, but that virtue remains forever. It is because of gratitude for the virtue of the author that the writer wants to present Rahula's life in the Nikaya canon to readers. Through this, helping Buddhist students see the noble virtue, diligent study, and famous patience of Rahula's first secret. From then on, we take that as a life motto to remind ourselves to advance in religious practice. Tag: Rahula, Buddha, Nikaya Canon, virtue, first secret life…. CONTENTS “Rahula is the son of Buddha and Princess Yasodhara”1. Rahula was born on the day his father decided to leave the palace, go forth to seek the truth. When I heard the news, Yasodhara is clean in February, which means that the crown prince is about to have a baby. On the day of receiving news of the prince's birth, Siddhattha exclaimed: "This bond of attachment, I must break it as soon as it is not bound to me." After that, Siddhattha returned to the palace and heard his cousin sing: "Happy is his young mother, Happy are his biological fathers, Happy are his friends, Have a handsome husband like him."4 Listen Having finished, Siddhattha thought that these words inspired him to become ordained and gave his cousin a necklace of pearls. That night Siddhattha crossed the monastic life to seek liberation. According to the Apadana commentary, Rahula is derived from the word Rahu, a deity who obstructs the moon, as well as the child who hinders the renunciation of the Bodhisattva5. Due to this condition, the prince was named Rahula. Rahula never met her father until she was seven years old, after attaining enlightenment, for the first time, The Buddha returned to visit the royal family at the request of King Suddhodana. Rahula's mother told Rahula to come and ask for the Buddha's inheritance. Boundless compassion, great love of the Buddha, Rahula will certainly feel the warmth of fatherly love. Yasodhara said to Rahula: "Hey Rahula, that's your father, go and ask him for an inheritance"6. Although, when Rahula was young, he did not know what to inherit, but still did as his mother told him to. At that time, Rahula went to the Blessed One and said: "O monk, your shadow is very peaceful"7. Rahula had never met his father, but he felt very close, friendly, with a contagious kindness that made Rahula feel cool and happy when he was near him. At that time, the Blessed One got up from his seat and left, Rahula followed closely behind the Blessed One and said: "O monk, give me an inheritance. Hey monk, give me an inheritance” 8. At that time, the Blessed One told the Venerable Sariputta to let Rahula go forth. Mr. Sariputta told the Buddha how should Rahula be ordained. The Buddha allowed novices to leave home by taking refuge in the three refuges. The first to shave off his hair and beard, put on casa-colored cloths, and put his upper robe on one shoulder, from there, Rahula became the first novice monk in the Sangha, the youngest member. For a long time, Rahula lived in the love of his mother and grandfather, now Rahula lives a monastic life following in the footsteps of Father Tu. Palace of gold, palace of jade, money, fame and fortune, secular people consider it to be an inheritance, but for those of good roots who have practiced in the world since many lifetimes, see this as a bondage, the cycle of birth and death. Therefore, the wishful mind of the Buddha or Yasodhara wants his children to inherit or continue on the path of liberation and enlightenment. Sadness repeated when King Suddhodana heard that his nephew, the only hope, also left home to follow the Buddha. Before that pain, King Suddhodana described the ultimate pain to the Buddha with similes to show his love for his son such as cutting into the skin, cutting into the inner skin, cutting into the flesh, it cuts into the tendons, cut into the bone, go to the marrow and stay there. The pain was so great that it penetrated to the bone marrow. King Suddhodana came to ask the Buddha not to let his son leave the home without his parents' permission. The Buddha gave a Dharma talk and then told the monks: "You should not let a son leave home without permission from his parents, anyone who allows him to leave home is guilty of dukkata"9. Therefore, today, anyone who wants to leave home must have the consent of their parents. Immediately after Rahula ordained, the Buddha taught the most basic things to a young novice novice. A day, The Buddha of Veluvana went to Rahula's place at Ambalatthika and taught Rahula about true conduct through the Ambala Forest Precepts Sutta. First of all, the Buddha used the parable of a basin of water to talk about the recluse's conduct of those who know to lie, who are not precious, like a little water left in a basin, like a little bit of water being spilled, like a basin of water being spilled. upside down, like an empty basin of water. Next, the Buddha likened a person who knows a lie, who has no noble qualities, to an elephant of a king who fights in battle but does not know how to protect his trunk, gives up his life, and does not do any evil deeds. The Buddha taught Rahula not to lie under any circumstances, even if he said it for fun. “Therefore, Rahula, I am determined not to lie, even if I speak for fun, Rahula, you must study like this”10. We often joke for fun, but it is these jokes that will gradually become bad habits, From habit becomes karma. The Buddha with profound wisdom wanted to give this sermon when Rahula was newly ordained to prevent possible mistakes. Rahula, the smallest member of the sangha, the most dishonest precept can be broken. But the Buddha did not have to say this sutra because Rahula lied, the Buddha just wanted to prevent the gonorrhea that may occur later. Therefore, the Buddha took close examples to teach Rahula to prevent lying, to know its harm, to avoid making mistakes. After the examples of the water bowl and the king's elephant, the Buddha asked Rahula what he thought of the mirror's purpose, to which Rahula replied reflectively. The Buddha taught Rahula after reflecting many times to practice bodily karma, verbal karma, and mental karma. The Buddha taught Rahula that no matter what he wanted to do, he had to think carefully whether this action is harmful to himself or to others, or harmful to both. Unwholesome actions bring affliction and suffering. Such actions should be avoided, not done. The Buddha thoroughly taught Rahula about the regulation of body, speech, mind, whatever you do requires awareness. All actions must be considered before doing, benefiting themselves and others. Good deeds, will bring joy, happiness and should be done. "Such a verbal kamma, Rahula, you need to speak up, you need to get enlightened, you need to present it before the teacher, or before the wise companions of the holy life"11. Here, the Buddha taught Rahula how to confess when he made a mistake, to speak out about the mistakes he made in front of a guru or good knowledge. The Buddha not only advises what can be done, but also shows how to do when you do something wrong. Committing a crime without knowing how to repent, the more sin overlaps, the more wrong it becomes. Therefore, there is a need for a teacher, a spiritual companion to guide. The path to enlightenment is not only achieved in a day or two, we need to practice every gesture and action from body, speech, and mind. The teachings, though simple, brought great results for Rahula on the first step of the way. Not stopping there, the Buddha also wanted to teach Rahula many things so that he could progress on the path of enlightenment and liberation. Through the above suttas, we see that Rahula was not often with the Buddha, every time the Buddha wanted to meet, he went to find Rahula himself. Rahula was very eager to learn from the Buddha and his teachers. Rahula used to get up very early in the morning and take a handful of sand in his hand and make a wish: "May I receive more teachings from the Blessed One or from the Elder Sariputta today"12. Come here, We see that Rahula is very inquisitive, diligent, independent, and quietly practices. Rahula's eagerness to learn is also mentioned in Jataka No. 16 of the Forerunner Tipallatthamiga (The story of the deer with three gestures). The Buddha preached at the Badarika monastery in Kosambi. After the sermon, the male layman and the young monk lay in the lecture room while they slept, some of them snoring, and this inappropriate event reached the Buddha's ears. At that time, he taught that any bhikkhu who slept with someone who had not received the great precepts was guilty of a Pacittiya. Previously, Rahula's eagerness to learn the precepts was always shared with the bhikkhus. But since the day the Buddha restricted the precepts, the monks were afraid of breaking them, so no one allowed Rahula to live with them. At that time, Rahula quietly went to find a place to sleep, without complaining. "The sage Rahula did not go to the Blessed One as his father, Nor did he go to Sariputra as his Dharma general and teacher, nor did he go to the great Moggallana who was his chief teacher, but went into the Blessed One's bathroom, as if entering Brahma's palace and stayed there”13. Through this, we can clearly see Rahula's quiet, humble, gentle, cheerful nature. Originally a prince, grew up on silk, in deep love, now silently cultivate alone, without a place to sleep, but Rahula still has no complaints, not a single word of complaint. breathing, not demanding but very gentle, strictly observing the precepts, yielding in all circumstances. “Dear sages, see how Rahula studies. When asked about his whereabouts, Rahula did not say: "I am the son of the Blessed One, and he does not oppose a single bhikkhu"14. The youngest age in the Sangha, but Rahula has the will to seek the Dharma, the patience is too strong in a small person. The Buddha, the eldest in the congregation, and his father, but Rahula did not have an action or thought to rely on or rely on. Before dawn, the Buddha stood in front of the bathroom door and cleared his throat. Rahula immediately cleared his throat, the Blessed One was surprised to see Rahula in there. The Buddha then asked Rahula why I was lying here. Rahula calmly replied, "Because I have no place to live, World Honored One, previously the monks let me stay, but now, out of fear of committing a crime, they don't give me a place to live, thinking that this is a place where no one will touch anyone. , so I lie here!”15. An answer that exudes a profound practice, without anger. The World-Honored One was moved by the righteous Dharma, and felt sorry for the young monastics. Therefore, he thought: "With Rahula the bhikkhus still throw away like this, Then, for the new young monastic classes, is there anything they can't do”16. Early in the morning, the Blessed One called a meeting of the bhikkhus and asked Sariputta if he knew where Rahula was staying. Sariputta told the Blessed One I do not know. The Buddha taught that if there is no care and concern for young monastics, no one will stay in the Dharma. After it happened, the Buddha made the unordained people to stay for a day or two with the ordained, until the third day for them to stay outside, after they knew where to stay. Rahula chose the toilet of the Blessed One because there were few passersby, out of respect for advice, because he wanted to study, so he stayed there. From time to time, when the monks saw Rahula coming from afar, for the sake of testing, they would throw outside the broom handle or some trash, and when Rahula arrived, they immediately asked Rahula who threw this garbage. A person without practice will be very angry when someone blames him, but Rahula has no excuses, no excuses. Silently clean up that trash, humbly apologize, only go after being forgiven. The story has highlighted Rahula's virtue of humility, politeness, patience.... Another time there was no such place to sleep, Rahula slept in front of the Buddha's incense room. When Mara saw this, he transformed into a huge king elephant, wrapped Rahula's head with his trunk and roared loudly, but Rahula was not afraid. At that time, the Buddha knew and said to Mara: "O Mara! Even hundreds of thousands of people like you cannot make the Tathagata shake. Because the Tathagata has cut off craving, has ardent diligence, has much wisdom, so he no longer trembles.”17. Meanwhile, Dong Niem's ​​Holy Disciple says that: “Rahula is young, so she is not mature, often lies and is mischievous”18. The details in this book are unsourced, unfounded, and detract from Rahula's noble character. After the Buddha instituted the precepts, the bhikkhus professed praise for Rahula's conduct. At that time, the World-Honored One said that not only now did Rahula earnestly study, before, when he was a living being, Rahula was also eager to learn. The Blessed One told the story of Tipallatthamiga's predecessor, when Rahula was still a baby deer. The bodhisattva was born as a deer, and the sister brought her son to ask the bodhisattva to teach her the wisdom of deer. Deer is very diligent in studying, not forgetting his words to always come on time to study. One day, when the baby deer was trapped, the mother deer was afraid to meet the deer and asked if her son had learned all wisdom. He replied that: “It has learned the wisdom of deer. Deer with three gestures With much wisdom, Knows how to use eight hooves, Knows how to drink water at midnight, With only one ear, Breathes to the rhythm of the earth, With six wisdoms, My grandson wins over enemies”19. In Jataka No. 319 The Partridge Story also tells us more about Rahula's diligence, prudence, and patience. The hunter uses this partridge to lure other birds. At that time, the dog thought to himself: "Because of me, my fellow human beings have to die. For me, this is an act of cruelty.”20. From then on, it just kept quiet and didn't cry anymore, the partridge thought it had no bad intentions, but it still regretted what it did. Seeing this, the bird asked the Bodhisatta about his questions. The bodhisattva replied, "If sin doesn't hide in your heart, it's not a sin in your actions, whoever is passive on his part, free from many sins become free”21. Thanks to the bodhisattva's advice, the partridge no longer felt guilt or remorse. The partridge in this story is Rahula, the Bodhisattva is the Buddha. Through this story, we learn that Rahula was diligent in studying and thinking of others, and had a predestined relationship with the Buddha for countless kalpas. In addition to the virtues of patience and diligence in learning, Rahula is very filial. In Jataka No. 281 The Story of the Main Mango 22, after Yasodhara left home, Rahula often visited his mother. Once, Rahula visited but could not see her mother, because her mother was bloated, so she lay inside. Rahula immediately went in to visit her mother to ask what she needed to get well. To cure her illness, she needed to use mango juice. At that time, Rahula came and told Sariputta about the matter. Venerable Sariputta led Rahula into the palace of King Kosala begging for mango juice to bring back to his mother. King Pasenadi made an offering not only once, but also daily until she recovered from her illness. Rahula always fulfills her duties as a son, visiting and taking care of her mother when she is sick. Not only in this life, but in previous lives when he was a living being, Rahula was filial. In Jataka No. 486 The Story of the Falcon, Rahula also made a baby turtle. When knowing that the father turtle was asked by the falcon lord to save the baby falcons in trouble, the baby turtle asked to go instead of the father to relieve his fatigue. The young turtle said: "Please take care of me, dear father, Your father's work will be received, I will serve you best, I will go and save the bird's nest"23. When Rahula was 18 years old, the Buddha gave Rahula a sermon to get rid of attachment and develop the inner mind, this is mentioned in the Great Sutta of Rahula. The Buddha taught Rahula that form, feeling, perception, mental formations, and consciousness must be observed as they really are with wisdom itself. this is not me, this is not mine, this is not my self. When he heard that the Buddha was going for alms and came back and sat down on a tree, cross-legged, with his back straight, Rahula dwelt in front of him. Venerable Sariputta saw Rahula sitting peacefully like that, he immediately told Rahula to practice the practice of entering and leaving immediately, practicing mindfulness of breathing in and out, making it full, achieving great results, and benefiting. great benefit. When he heard Sariputta's teaching, Rahula got up from his meditation, went to the place where the Blessed One was, bowed down, and then sat down to one side: "World-Honored One, how is mindfulness of breathing in and out of breath practiced? Make it full, how to get great results, get great benefits”24. The Buddha taught Rahula all the earth element, water element, fire element, wind element, space element to observe as it really is with wisdom itself, this is not me, mine or my self, must be dispassionate, give up on all of that. Rahula was disenchanted, gave up, found it to be true due to the convergence of predestined conditions. The Buddha taught Rahula to practice like earth, water, fire, wind, like space, practice compassion, joy, equanimity, impurity, impermanence, practice mindfulness of breathing in and out. A thorough and orderly practice, allowing Rahula to progress quickly. The Buddha advised Rahula to practice the conduct of the earth: "People throw away pure things, throw away unclean things, throw away unclean feces, throw away urine, spit out saliva, throw out pus, and throw away blood, yet the earth does not worry, does not waver. , or not boring”25. Similarly, the Buddha taught Rahula to practice the conduct of water, for example, when water is poured out, it is not pure, it washes away feces and urine, but the water does not worry, does not waver, does not become bored. Fire burns pure things, neither pure nor anxious, boring, unwavering. The wind blows the pure things, neither pure nor anxious, bored or wavering. If you practice loving-kindness, you will get rid of whatever belongs to anger, if you practice compassion, whatever is harmful to your mind will be eradicated, if you practice joy, whatever is unpleasant will be eradicated, and if you practice equanimity, The harmfulness of the mind will be eliminated, the practice of impurity that belongs to craving will be eradicated, the practice of impermanence and that of conceit will be eliminated. All the teachings that the Buddha taught Rahula to come here is a treasure trove of Dharma. A path of practice runs through from low to high, from simple to profound. The Buddha taught about true morality, honesty. Then, the Buddha taught Rahula to see that all things are caused by conditions, so one should not cling to things that are not real. He again taught Rahula the virtue of patience in practicing the conduct of earth, water, fire, wind, space to be able to accommodate everything to help Rahula see the impure body, the suffering of the world, the impermanent mind, and the non-self. The Buddha taught Rahula to practice mindfulness of the in-breath, the out-breath to make it full, when the final in-breaths and out-breaths cease, and the realization is realized, not unenlightened. When Rahula was twenty years old, the fourteenth year after the Buddha's enlightenment, Rahula was fully ordained and officially became a bhikkhu in the Sangha. “The fourteenth year is spent at Savatthi, and there Rahula receives the upasampada ordination”26. Rahula, with his eagerness to learn the precepts, like to be close to good and knowledgeable people along with his quiet patience, Rahula soon attained enlightenment. The Blessed One was at Savatthi, and Jetavana at Anathapindika's vihara thought, "Having matured, the dharmas leading to liberation are ripe for Rahula, so let us teach Rahula the final teachings leading to the cessation of defilements”27. Having aroused such thoughts, the Buddha taught Rahula about the impermanence of the body of the four elements, the fetters caused by attachment to that body. The Buddha wanted to teach Rahula that everything in this world is governed by impermanence, nothing lasts forever. After the Blessed One preached thus, Rahula happily accepted the Blessed One's words. "While this teaching was being said, Rahula's mind was liberated from defilements, free from attachment"28. Thanks to that diligence, Rahula attained Arahantship at a very young age. In the Presbyterian Sangha, Rahula reflects on his victory, the venerable said righteously: “294. Thanks to me being full of Two good qualities, Being called "Lucky Rahula" by wise friends, I am the Buddha's son, I have the Dharma eye again. 295. I am the Arhat, Worthy of offerings. The three intelligences we achieve, See the immortal world. 296. Blinded by desire, Covered by a net, Thirst as a veil, Covered and covered by distraction, Like a fish caught in a net. 297. We overcame that sex, Cut off the bondage of ghosts, Uprooted the root of thirst, I was cool and quiet”29. Rahula feels happy, fortunate to be a child of the Buddha and to gain the dharma eye. Rahula deserves that title. The gonorrhea or Rahula has ended, no longer rebirth and results Arhat. In the Anguttara Nikāya, the Buddha said: "Among my bhikkhu disciples, Rahula's supreme love of learning is Rahula"30. His love of learning the precepts, his love of having as many teachers as sand in his hand, and the patience to endure all adversities, caused the disciples of the Buddha to call Rahula the first secret practice. The Buddha taught Rahula according to the order of classes that helped Rahula soon attain enlightenment. Rahula's year of Nirvana is not recorded in the Sutras. However, according to the Dictionary of Pali Proper Names31, Rahula entered Nirvana before the Buddha, before Sariputta, where he entered nirvana in the 33rd heaven of Tavatimsa. In the Lotus Sutra, the Buddha said that Rahula's secret life was known only to the Buddha and he prophesied to Rahula: "You will be the Buddha in the next life: Dao Seven Treasures"32. CONCLUSION Through this article, we learn a lot from the virtue of the venerable Rahula. Tolerating what is difficult to endure, diligently seeking to learn from the elders, walking on your own two feet without depending or relying on anyone. As the Buddha said, light your own torch. Young monastics should be close to the elders to advance in their cultivation. First, become a good-doer of a good life, then attain liberation and enlightenment right in the present. To achieve that result, we need to make efforts to correct our body and mind, and to cultivate virtue. Not only learning in theory but also having to apply it in practice. If we just talk, the path to liberation and enlightenment is difficult to achieve.END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=BUDDHIST DHARMA WHEEL GOLDEN MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.20/6/2022.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.