SUMMARY JULY. and THE ORIGIN OF TWO LANGUAGES. The full moon of the seventh lunar month is every year the day of pardon for the sins of the dead, roughly called the day of worshiping the soul. But this is also the day of filial piety that Buddhist monks and nuns call Vu Lan festival. So is this ceremony and the ceremony of worshiping the soul the same or not? And where is the origin of the two words " Vu Lan " ? Vu Lan festival originates from the story of the filial piety of Mr. Ma Ha Mot Trac Gia La, commonly known as Dai Muc Kien Lien, or Muc Lien for short. Originally a monk from a different religion, later Muc Lien took refuge and became a great disciple of the Buddha, attained six miracles and was listed as the first class of miracles among the Buddha's disciples. After having attained Arahantship, Muc Lien regretfully remembered his mother, Then he used his wisdom eye to look down at the suffering realms and found that his mother had fallen into the life of a hungry ghost (hungry ghost) in the hell of Ati. The body is emaciated, the skin is covered with bones, the belly is big, the head is big, the neck is like a blade of grass. Mu Lien's mother could not eat when she was hungry, she could not drink when she was thirsty. Too much pity, Muc Lien used magic, immediately went to his mother. Holding a bowl of rice to offer to her mother with tears in her eyes. Muc Lien's mother was hungry for a long time, so she quickly grabbed a bowl of rice and ate it. The left hand holds the bowl, the right hand picks up the rice, but before reaching the mouth, the rice has turned into fire. Muc Lien was in great pain, wept bitterly and then returned to talk to the Buddha to ask for instructions on how to save his mother. The Buddha told Mu Lien that because of the karma of previous lives, his mother had to be born in an evil place as a hungry ghost. Mu Lien alone could not save his mother no matter how miraculous he was and even if his filial piety reached heaven and earth and touched the gods. We must rely on their mighty virtue, which increases in all directions, with one accord, to pray for salvation. Therefore, the Buddha taught Muc Lien to reverently go to receive monks from the ten directions, especially those who have attained the four holy fruits or have attained six miracles. Thanks to the merits of their prayers, the spirit of Muc Lien's mother escaped from suffering. The Buddha again taught Mu Lien to buy all kinds of things to offer to them, such as wakefulness, incense, candles, beds and pillows, blankets and clothes, wash basins, hand towels, and other daily necessities. other. Right on the full moon day of the 7th month, set up a forum to pray, set up a wedding ceremony to invite the monks to live. Before real life, These people will follow the Buddha's teachings and focus on praying for the donor's parents and grandparents seven generations to be saved. Muc Lien did exactly as the Buddha taught. Sure enough, his mother was freed from the life of a hungry ghost and was born in a good realm. The way of making offerings to pray for super is called Vu Lan basin of Dharma, that worshiping ceremony is called Vu Lan basin of festival, and the scriptures recording the above legend are called Vu Lan basin. The full moon day of July is therefore called Vu Lan festival. So is this ceremony also a ceremony to worship the soul or not? Are not ! These are two different offerings performed on the same day. According to the "Buddha's theory to save Bat Diem Mouth of the hungry ghosts of the Da La Ni Sutra", the worshiping of ghosts is related to the story between Mr. Ananda, often called for short Ananda, with a demon with a mouth of fire (diem mouth) also called a demon with a burning face (diem natural). One evening, Ananda was sitting in a quiet room when he saw a hungry ghost with a dry body, a small but long neck, and a mouth that released fire. The ghost said that three days later Ananda would die and would reincarnate into the realm of the hungry ghosts. Ananda was so scared, so he asked the devil to show him a way to avoid suffering. The hungry ghost said, "Tomorrow you must give us hungry ghosts a bowl of food, and if you make offerings to the Three Jewels for my sake, your life will be increased, and I will also be reborn in the upper world." Ananda brought the matter to the Buddha. The Buddha then put a mantra called "Saving Bat Diem Khau Da La Ni", recited in the worship ceremony to gain more blessings. Chinese Buddhists call this worshiping ceremony as Phong Diem Mouth, that is, offering to give alms and pray for hungry ghosts with a mouth of fire. but the folk understand widely and the camp goes to the village to worship the soul, that is, to give alms to the souls who pretend to be helpless because there is no one in the world to worship. Because the custom of worshiping the soul originates from this legend, today people still say that worshiping the spirit is Phong Diem mouth. Sometimes it is even shortened to Diem mouth. Diem mouth, from the original meaning is (demons) fire mouth, now means to worship the soul. This contributes to confirm the origin of the spirit offerings that we have presented above. Released Diem Mou whose original meaning was "released the devil in the mouth of fire", was later expanded to mean "forgiveness of all the dead". Therefore, today there is a saying: "The full moon day of the seventh month is to pardon the sins of the dead". So Vu Lan festival and worshiping spirit are two different worshiping ceremonies. One side is related to Mr. Mu Lien, the other is related to Mr. Ananda. One side is to pray for parents and grandparents seven generations, the other is to give alms to the souls no one worships. One side is filial piety, the other side is doing merit. The difference between the two is obvious, but many people remain confused. For example, in the past, Mr. Thai Van Kiem said that the Vu Lan ceremony and the fête des Trépassés ceremony are the same. And while the fête des êtes errantes and the Pardon des Trépassés are the same, he considers them to be two (X. Les fêtes traditionnelles Vietnamiennes, BSEI, t. XXXVI, no1, 1961, pp. . 64-65). Recently, Upward is talking about the difference between the ceremony of worshiping the soul and the ceremony of filial piety, commonly known as the Vu Lan ceremony. Vu Lan is an abbreviation of Vu Lan basin. But what is Vu Lan tub? The following are the teachings of Thich Minh Chau and Minh Chi: "A basin is a basin for food. A bowl of food is offered to monks on the full moon day of the 7th month to pray for the souls of those who have died. Vu Lan translates the sound from Sanscrit Ullabana, which means hanging upside down. Those who do many evil deeds, after death, must be reborn in very miserable realms called hell. torture is hanging upside down (ibid., p. 795) We will rely on this teaching to learn about the origin of the words " Vu Lan " and " Vu Lan basin ". The first mistake we just pointed out in the last lines of the paragraph above is the second mistake: It is not correct to say that the tub is a food container because the tub is just a phonetic element (which will be clearly analyzed in the next section). To say that it is "a bowl of food to be offered to the monks on the full moon day of the seventh month" is wrong in another way. A pot is "a utensil usually made of crockery or metal, with a wide mouth, a shallow heart, used to hold water for washing, bathing or growing plants, etc.." (Vietnamese Dictionary 1992). So storing food in that kind of utensils and offering it to the monks for real life is an act of complete distrust and disrespect. In fact, the Buddha taught Muc Lien as follows: To prepare and prepare food, to eat a hundred dishes of five-colored fruits, to buy a bed and mattress, To buy a bed and a mattress, Together with a basin, a lamp, a torch, and an oil incense, a dish that is pure and precious, and contained within it. bowls and bowls to pray to Thau, tubs (pots) are just things that must be offered to the monks on the occasion of Vu Lan to use in washing, bathing ... only. As for the food, it must be "clean and precious, put in a bowl and bowl" in a polite manner, but not in a pot. The third mistake is that he followed the mistakes of his predecessors and preached Vu Lan as "rescue hanging upside down", because the Chinese dictionary said Vu Lan basin was "saving the island". In fact, when Tu Nguyen, for example, taught Vu Lan to "save the Xuan island" he borrowed the two words "Dao Xuan" in the book of Mencius. In this book, there is a passage, "People chi approve because of Wild Island" which means "as if freed from extreme misery". Tu Nguyen himself also said that "the island of the mystery" is the ultimate misery (wretched even). So " ud (becomes ul due to the samdhi rule when d comes before l) is a prefix, often called a pre-verb (préverbe) indicating movement from the bottom up, lamb is a root verb meaning to hang and ana is an action suffix. So Ullambana means hanging up. But that's all there is to it! This Sanscrit word does not express the meaning of hanging upside down or hanging down at all. It can't even mean "rescue hanging upside down". Ulambhana means deliverance. This Sanscrit noun has three morphemes: the prefix ud (which becomes ul for the said reason), the verb root lambh, and the suffix ana. Please be clear about each morpheme: Unlike in Ullambana, where it indicates movement from the bottom up. In Ullambhana, the prefix ud indicates the negative or opposite, for example: chad (to cover, cover, cover), dv (for), uc-chad (to undress), khan (to bury), ut-khan (to pull up), gram (to go), ud-gam (to come out), nah (to tie, tie), un-nah (to untie) etc. In the examples above, ud becomes uc, ut, un due to samdhi sound variation rule. Verb roots are traditionally written in capital letters when they are separated. The root verb lambh is the alternate form with labh, which means to take, to take, to grasp... So Ul-lambh means to liberate. The suffix ana indicates an action that is related to the meaning expressed by the prefix and base of the verb. So Ulambhana means liberation. Ulambhana is transliterated into Chinese by three words along the Sino-Vietnamese sound as "Vu Lan Ben". Vu Lan basin is abbreviated as Vu Lan. So Vu Lan is liberation. Its origin is the noun Sanscrit Ullambhana. This is the second of the two words we speculated above. In this word structure.END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).BUDDHIST DHARMA WHEEL GOLDEN MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SHAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.8/8/2021.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.