The Republic of Vietnam (RVN; English: Republic of Vietnam; French: République du Vietnam, abbreviated RVN) is a state that existed from 1955 to 1975. In international documents, the government This area is also known as South Vietnam (n.d. 'South Vietnam' or 'South Vietnam') to refer to the geographical area since the Geneva Agreement was signed and Vietnam was divided into two centralized regions. temporary military ties. With the support of the United States, the Republic of Vietnam rejected the implementation of general elections to unify Vietnam in 1956 according to the Geneva Agreement on the grounds that they did not sign this agreement despite inheriting the obligations of the United Nations. France, this government still has to comply. The Government of the Republic of Vietnam opposes the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam established in 1969 led by the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam. The origin of the Republic of Vietnam dates back to the Indochina War. After World War II, the Viet Minh movement led by Ho Chi Minh declared the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam on September 2, 1945 and successfully organized the National Election in January 1946 to officially became the sole sovereign state over the entire two regions of Vietnam.[1] The general election was held successfully despite the French colonialists re-invading Vietnam from the end of 1945. With the Élysée Agreement signed in March 1949, A group of anti-Communist politicians led by Bao Dai joined with the French colonialists to establish the State of Vietnam, becoming a partially independent member of the French Union[2]. After failing in the Dien Bien Phu Campaign, France was forced to sign the Geneva Accords, according to which France relinquished sovereignty in Indochina, Vietnam was temporarily divided into two military gathering zones with the People's Army Vietnam withdrew to the assembly area north of the 17th parallel, the French Union army (including the Vietnam National Army) withdrew to the assembly area south of the 17th parallel. While waiting for the General Election to form the United States on both military gathering areas, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam holds administrative authority in the territories north of the 17th parallel, the French Union holds administrative authority in the territories south of the parallel. line 17. France completely withdrew from Vietnam in mid-1955 and administrative rights in South Vietnam were handed over to the State of Vietnam.[3]. From here, the United States replaced France, continuing to support the Vietnamese Nationalist regime to prevent the General Election to unify Vietnam in terms of the state. Prime Minister Ngo Dinh Diem deposed Bao Dai in 1955 after a fraudulent referendum. The country of Vietnam was renamed the Republic of Vietnam on October 26, 1955, with Ngo Dinh Diem as its first president.[4] This government was immediately recognized by the United States and in turn had diplomatic relations with 77 countries. In 1957, the Republic of Vietnam applied to join the United Nations but this proposal was vetoed by the Soviet Union.[5][6] Following increasing internal turmoil, Ngo Dinh Diem was assassinated during a coup in 1963 led by General Duong Van Minh and supported by the United States. After that, a series of military governments were established but continuously collapsed due to mutual coups. General Nguyen Van Thieu then took power in the period 1967–1975 after the presidential election. With the involvement of the United States, the situation in Vietnam began to turn into a new phase that was the Vietnam War[7]. On December 20, 1959, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam supported the establishment of the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (which the US called the Viet Cong) to officially change its direction from a mere political struggle to a political struggle. Political struggle combined with armed struggle.[8]. On February 15, 1961, the Liberation Army of South Vietnam - the military force of the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam was established. [9] The South Vietnamese Liberation Army received support from aid and equipment from the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and other countries. member of the Socialist Bloc. After the internal turmoil and the growth of the revolutionary movement in the South, the Republic of Vietnam stood on the verge of collapse. This led to the United States and its allies directly participating in the war in Vietnam from March 8, 1965[10] after forcing the Republic of Vietnam to accept the US military presence in Vietnam. [11] Next were the US infantry units to supplement the team of military advisers guiding the forces of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. A regular bombing campaign over North Vietnam was carried out by U.S. Air Force squadrons between 1966 and 1967. The Vietnam War reached its climax during the Tet Offensive in February 1968, when more than 600,000 American and allied soldiers (Australia, New Zealand, Korea, Thailand) and 600,000 South Vietnamese soldiers fought. in South Vietnam, along with the US Navy and Air Force bombarded North Vietnam. With the Paris Agreement signed on January 27, 1973, the United States officially withdrew all of its and allied troops from Vietnam. However, the Vietnam War continued because the US and its allies continued to intervene in politics and provide military aid to the Republic of Vietnam. On April 30, 1975, the war ended and the Republic of Vietnam collapsed after President Duong Van Minh surrendered to the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam.[12]. April 25, 1976, The Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam held general elections to establish a unified state named Socialist Republic of Vietnam.[13] Name Main article: Names of Vietnam "Vietnam" is a name coined by King Gia Long in 1804.[14] This is a variant of "Namyue" (Chinese: 南越), a name used in ancient times.[14] In 1839, King Minh Mang changed the country's name to "Dai Nam".[15] The predecessor of the Republic of Vietnam was the State of Vietnam established by France[a] in 1949, during the Indochina War. On October 26, 1955, it officially changed its name to the Republic of Vietnam. The official name of the Republic of Vietnam translated into French is called République du Viet Nam. However, The term "South Vietnam" was commonly used in the West in 1954, when the Geneva Conference divided Vietnam into two temporary military gathering zones. Other names by which this government commonly called itself during its existence were "Government of Vietnam" or "National Government".