Chapter One - Buddha
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History Buddha

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Reviews About Use Value.
There are many different historical record of the date, month and year related to the historical events Buddha. Buddhist scholars and Buddhist researchers noted several reasons for such discrepancies. For example, Liang Qichao in "Ten bowl Buddhist Studies disasters," said: "Since the Indians despised history, besides, their concept of time is very vague, so the language of books Publications the chronology of the Buddha's birth and death are not a copy of any clear and convincing "(1). For this, not necessarily Indians no clear conception of time, or no clear historical conception. History shows that the Indians have the earliest historical notions, especially in Buddhism. We can see many historical past year and four A-levels Nikayas (Agamas), through the inscriptions of Ashoka (Asoka), in prejudice Law, Pi-she-sa, A-Pi-Dat ma etc ..
The writer thought that the difference in the history of Buddha dating may be due to the following simple reason:
- Calendar of different ancient nations, and the calendar was the calendar is different from the Western world today are taking, it is also different from that of the Chinese lunar calendar.
- The Buddha in the world, including compiler first period, the priest shortage condition records, just reciting. When reciting, the disciples often remember the doctrinal content of liberation that hard to remember it right, the month of the historical events, or do not pay attention to record the date ... it is true that he used Data recorded with the date, month history, but undergoing change, wars, etc .. lineage century historians that lost data, or false records.
- Sometimes due to the influence of other disputes that schools of the day, month and year of birth of the gods or of ideology otherwise be corrected, such as competition cases affecting Buddha, Taoism, Confucianism in China States.
- There may also be the pagan false documents by fraudulently exchanging documents in the history of Buddhism to serve pagan intentions.
- It may be due to social reasons, the politics of the era, the material to be recorded deviation, or recorded by the subjective and limited edition of textbook.
- Data can also be recorded and will be adjusted according to the concepts of sects.
Through a number of reasons just mentioned, we are not too concerned with the accuracy of some of the historical events and the date of the Buddha's history. It most remarkable is the most historical, including inscriptions of Ashoka, were confirmed Buddha is a historical figure, not a mythical figure, whether viewed from the standpoint of North Male organ or organs.
Here, people write history based Buddha canonic Nikàya, canonic A-levels (Agama), inscriptions of Ashoka and documents of congresses World Buddhism Association II at Tokyo meeting 1952, with reference to the documentation of Edward J. Thomas Buddhism (author of "The Life of Buddha as Legend and History", "Buddhist Thought", "Early Budhist Scriptures") and taiken Kimura (author of the "History of Thought Theravada, Mahayana and Theravada").
Before You Enter Thai Bodhisattva.
South and North visceral organs different look about Buddha, Venerable and mass of the different look about him as well.
North organ that Buddha became a Buddha long ago, kiepy nà just manifested. Male organ argue that this life is the life of Bhagavan finally become a Buddha; previous life, he was a Bodhisattva in the Heaven-interest (Tusita) - heaven heaven fourth of six World Education (Four Heavenly Kings, Three decades triangle, Da-ma, head-interest. It turns optimistic and Tha Self-in). This realm has four thousand lifetime, equivalent to five hundred and seventy-six million years of human beings on earth (as a rule of four, Digha III of France Friendship Hi Friends monk, Central III; monk Friends French, Chinese A-levels, age 32 I, 469c; and Business Class, Sub-Department of).
North visceral notion is similar to religious views of the majority of other religions, tend surreal, your sanctification cardinal.
Theravada Buddha then look more realistic way, that goes with the historical facts. But both South and North organ, confirmed: before the Buddha, Bhagavan called a Bodhisattva in the head-capacity.
Ninety-one lifetime ago (1 lifetime "kappa, kalpa": by the life of the world, with a day and night of Brahma heaven, by four thousand three hundred and twenty million years in Earth: according Sanskrit Glossary of Amarasimhakosa), Bhagavan Pi-she-examination (Vipassi) was born. Thirty-one lives this way, the Exalted Thi-gas (Sikhi), Pi-amnesty-compliance (Vessasbhu), sentence-flow-sheet (Kakusandha), sentence-na-jaw (Konagamana) and Ca-lettuce Venerable (Kassapa ) was born. (As a rule of Tang Area Huu Dai Bon and France, as both cited above).
Where-interest, Bhagavan always dwell in mindfulness and awareness. Once, some where-interest Devas and gods in the realms Lust, "the gods had previously been Exalted Pi-she-examination instructive - for Bodhisattva narrated about the events cardholders Sun had previously been born and asked Bodhisattva down ceiling to help sentient beings. " Now is the time of the Buddha.
Bodhisattva In Thai mother.

When the end of life in oil-interest, mindfulness and awareness bodhisattva enters pregnant mother, Empress Ma-da (Mayadevi) in the capital city of Ca-Pi-la-defense (Kapilavatthu, Skt. Kapilavastu).
Then a magical halo, halo Devas away win, away win sunlight, illuminating and wanders, over to the dark places where sunlight can not shine through, ten thousand world flutter , strong quakes in the pregnant mother bodhisattva like diamonds in the box in the morning, with four guarding the four corners Emperor e heaven, do not let the other species or species Persons who offend fetus and Queen.
During pregnancy, the mother fully enjoy the merits of Education (color, sound, smell, taste, touch) and clear the fetus as obvious jewel in the palms, full of body parts , flawless. The gestation period is ten months. During this period, mothers often happy heart, do not arise with any sexual attention of the opposite sex does.
Date of birth.

According to Buddhist legend, the Bodhisattva's mother stood by birth. Empress Ma-da birth flower Prince where veteran Radio-advantage, while playing in the royal garden flower Lumbini (Lumbini). When out of the womb, majestic prince as a Sorcerer walking down the throne, bright as a ruby, pure, free from any impurities from the mother's lap, Prince foot off the ground, there Thien four freedoms (and then moved to the human hand), placed before the Queen and the Prince said: "The queen make happy. The queen has given birth to a great man." From nowhere with a stream of warm water and a cool water bath for the Prince and the Queen. Prince standing leg, face towards the North, to walk seven steps (this is the traditional seven steps of the Buddha), with white canopy cover, looking all directions, and then speak with a quiet voice as birds Ca-wheel-frequency-old (live at Hi-code), just like the sound of Taurus bass hero king, saying, "I am the ultimate level in life. I am in life Career Revere. Now the last life, not also born again ".
Northern tradition of organ and A-levels (Beijing University Japan Coast) said that the Prince was born from the right hand side of the queen, step or steps, hand to heaven, earth hand, saying "heaven and My land is more than just ".
Now, a magic halo ... around ten thousand world premiere, the world shocks, vibrations.
World Buddhist Congress meeting in Tokyo II period (Japan), 1952, date of birth is Vesak full moon day of the month Vesaskha India, in 624 BC. The date this year is based on the traditions of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. Accordingly, the Buddhist calendar year calculated from the Buddha entered nirvana, in 544 BC.
By Edward J. Thomas in "The Life of Buddha as Legend and History", published in London in 1956, the date of birth in 563 BC. This calculation is based on the inscriptions of the reign of king of Ma-out-momentum, Ashoka and Chandagupta, relate to historical facts of the Buddha.
According to the document of Liang Qichao, in "Ten bowl Buddhist Studies disasters", cites the word "prejudice Law", the Buddha attained Nirvana in the 35th dynasty King Kinh Chau, or years to life Ai Gong 7th state of Lu, that BC 485 years; thereupon Buddha attained Nirvana, venerable Pros-three-cup (Upali) compiler Vinaya, setting the bias law. Each year, on the suicide, the law was offering incense offerings and burn behind a point (dot). This Code is continuous lineage. He Sangha tent-da-la (Sanghabhadra) to bring the Act into the Qi of China into the world, in 489 BC and translated into Han culture at Truc Lam Pagoda, Guangzhou. On Self quarterfinals that year recorded the first point 967 (Based on years ago to determine Buddha attained Nirvana).
Than The Prince.

Prince named Siddhartha (Siddhata, Skt. Siddhar-tha) is the King's father (Suddhodana) and the queen mother Ma-da (Maya), the Sakya lineage (Sakya, Skt. Sakya) , Sat-insole-class interests (Khattya, Skt. Kastriya), in the capital of Ca-Pi-la-defense (Kapilavatthu, Skt. Kapilavastu) in Nepal Therai Northeast India.
Prince Di Ma pattern-ha-ba-ba-recommended confinement (Mahapajapati) siblings of Empress Ma-skin, King's daughter Anjana, Koliya family.
Seven days after the birth, the Empress Ma-da birth falls on the Heaven-interest. Ms. Ma-ha-ba-ba-recommended soap-Prince nurture future successor to the King.
Mao's Minister Prince
(Beijing University Bon, Business Class, State Ministry of Economics).
Immediately after the birth, the King to invite the Brahmin to see Minister Prince. The Brahmin said to him: "The Prince has thirty-two general good enough, was a great man. He who has thirty-two general enough you will be a cakkavatti if living at home, will be a Arhat, Enlightenment if ordained ". Dr. A-Way Private Investment-momentum (ASITA) practitioners in mountain Hi-code, which had been listened Devas Three decades triangle discussing Prince that he would Career Enlightenment, asserted say "Prince will definitely ordained certain to attain Buddhahood and turning the wheel. "
Thirty-two of Prince minister quarter include:

1. The soles of feet flat.
2. Slender heel.
3. Fingers, toes elongated.
4. Hand, foot soft.
4. Leather leg mesh screen.
6. Round ankle as scallops.
7. Leg shin as mountain goats.
8. Knee-length sleeve.
9. Sound Chess Museum code.
10. Smooth skin, the dust can not stick.
11. Each pore has a hair growing.
12. Color such as copper, gold color.
13. Hair growth on the right side swung round, dark green eye lotions.
14. Higher body straight.
15. Round seven seats deported.
16. Her previous half body of a lion.
17. No alternates between two concave shoulder.
18. Body balance as tree eagle (Nigrodha), body height by the length of two outstretched arm span.
19. Round square torso.
20. Very sharp taste.
21. Lion jaw.
22. The forty teeth.
23. Teeth with no openings.
24. The smooth tooth.
25. Regular teeth.
26. Wide and long tongue.
27. Quiet voice as birds Ca-wheel-frequency-old
28. Sometimes dark blue eyes.
29. Eyelashes like a cow.
30. There is a fine white hairs between the brows.
31. Two soles have two wheels with a toothpick thousand vehicles.
32. There protuberance on the head.

Some documents also mention additional eighty beauty woman.
Life And Education Of Prince

Childhood, Prince is the King and Di sample pamper, care and education flawless, the people love so. The name Dr. Pi-sa-density multi-la (Visvamistra) taught the Prince of documents; San-problems-problems-she (Ksantidiva) taught martial arts since age seven. Soon after Prince martial adept writer.
Also outstanding talent, Prince is the master and the people you love glasses of virtue and people.
In a ceremony Down fields (down filling) chaired by the king, amid the ladies engrossed watching the ceremony, the Crown Prince, now was young, alone sitting cross-legged under the tree Gioi (Rose-apple) and stock Private enter meditation. When the father returned to see the look thoughtful, serene than direct gas Prince, had astounding exclaimed: "Oh, dear children! This is the second time leaning father before me" (First in at birth).
Growing up, Prince Tat-reaching radar always looked thoughtful about life. King was anxious, for the construction of three buildings with three climate season, and passed to the Crown Prince lived sensual fullness year. But earthly happiness do not get relief from export concerns that, Prince was a day closer to the decision to become. The king married Princess hurry neighbors Da-du-da-la (Yasodhara), a sheer color pages, the Prince with hope flavor will force her love Prince foot.
There are four times out of the gate, walk more garden, witnessed the birth scene, aging, illness, death, heart prince became melancholy, ranging to the extreme.
One day, talk to a life of isolation Doctorate Education Act, the Prince saw glimpsed behind this serene type a path to liberation.
Now, the Prince has twenty-nine years old, she Da-du-da-la recently pregnant (with records at the time she was born Rahula). Prince was determined to abandon the gold supply in green forest to find religion.
Spiritual journey of Prince.

Visible impermanence and suffering are down around living pavilion, February full moon lunar night, the prince on horseback Kien-monitoring (Kanthaka) with loyal servant Xa-anonymously (Chandaka) reached into the imperial city Hy-code left behind loving life and kingship.
At the foot of Mount Snow, Prince again Zadok anonymously goodbye dear and cherished Kien-monitoring (Use copy, later Kien-monitoring stop eating and die). Previous He was green forest, behind him is the birth and death.
Prince looking to learn from Adar-la-Aging Multi-na (Alara Kalama), a hermit who realized Infinite land ownership regulations. Soon, he realized what Alara attained. Know that this is not the purpose of liberation, he retired from ALARA to learn from Pros-da-la-ma Tzu Aging (Uddaka Ramaputta), the Taoist had attained great African land to non-ideal non. In just a short time, he realized what Uddaka attained. Know that this is still in the round of birth and death, he left to go, no one to attend religion anymore. He along with five brothers venerable Qiao-ceiling-like (Kodanna) ascetic six years. He became ascetic hermit Junior, Junior UE table, First disenchantment, and solitary meditation Junior. Until the body was skin and bones, he realized that this is a mistaken path lane; then alone one ball left.
During austerity, has three special thought previously unmatched in the mind him.
- As with a piece of green, sappy, so it will not pinch the water onto the fire. Likewise, with heart full of lust, greed, the age will not attained Enlightenment.
- As the track was green, fished out of the water after, will not pinch up the fire. Likewise, with heart full of lust, brain temperature, the age will not go to realize Supreme Bodhi?
- As with dry stick, is taken out of water, and the dry land to over one spot, with furniture made of fire, one can pinch up the fire. Also, with loving hearts sexual detachment, greed, religious people can attain the Arhat, Enlightenment (2).
He began to put all the effort in the practice of meditation, using the mind to tame the mind. Excessive cultivation efforts, his body and his mind was painful variation. He held his breath to set the longest time may be silenced, much less hear painful insecurity. More breathless effort again, he did not see the light of liberation. Suddenly, in a moment, he remembered the experience at Pentecost holiday meditation Admin field (plowing), heart full of joy, he believes that this is the chief sensory input.
He went to the Ma-out-momentum (Magadha) converged communication long-Pros-frequency-speakers (Uruvela), where there is a beautiful forest clusters, with rivers, clear, smooth running close, with very thirsty villages real. He stopped and chose this as the last outpost to find religion.
His mindfulness, mindfulness meditation, and sexual ly sharp turn in the Quartet, afferent to Sanming, he clearly is causal, cleverly positive volition, said that:

Because this one is present, the other is present;
therefore this birth, the other one being;
therefore ignorance commit, so act with knowledge etc ..

He sees the causes of suffering: the launch of the collection is a set of conditions Twelve originator of the entire mass of ill. In this intensive one, he proved par Additional information (Additional clause) key countless lifetimes clear his past (the Self).
To watch the two, he proved Thien label (label proving God), clear innumerable past lives of beings with karma and effect, and clear career paths of beings life.
Through the third watch, he works the opposite Origination:

Because this one is not available, the other one does not have;
therefore this one away, the other one kill;
therefore ignorance should kill kill etc .. act

He as truly see suffering, cause of suffering, the cessation of suffering and the path leading to an end to suffering. In this soup, he proved seeking information Gonorrhea (gonorrhea take intelligent), know that here the last life, no longer reborn - At the top of a soup, as in meditation is optimistic when he saw God's ear ultimate message , Tha sufficient information clearinghouse and Spirit. Thus in the third watch, he proved enough Clerk informed.
By farming year, he works the forward and reverse directions. Origination, clearly:

Because this one has, the other has;
therefore this one birth, the other one being;
therefore this is not available, the other one does not have;
therefore this one away, the other one away.

Yes at the day star arise, he attained Supreme Enlightenment. He is the Arhat first Enlightenment in current life. Later, he was proclaimed canopy is Exalted, full ten titles: Tathagata, application offerings, the chief variable Tri, Minh Hanh-sufficient, Auspicious, the World League, Supreme Master Article grounds Phu Thien Sphinx, Buddha, Bhagavan.
Chemistry Church Path.
Blessed road wondering before teaching: The teaching of liberation is delicate, intimate, sexual ly, selflessness, runs counter to the practice of desire and reflections of the human ego, how do people accept recognize that philosophy?
During that time, Brahma Sahampati Bhagavan appears request messianic, turn the wheel of Dharma for the welfare of gods and men. Then picture a lotus pond in front, with the lotus stalks themselves out of the water, with the stalks halfway, have stemmed from deep in water etc .. evokes the image Bhagavan inborn human disagreements: There are roots and the lotus as the bottom of the lake, as of the middle of lotus petals in the middle of the country, also has good roots can absorb the teachings of His deliverance, as the lotus were jutting out of the water to absorb sunlight. Bhagavan immediately decided to road transport France wheel.
He used to observe mental label who is predestined to be the first. He thought of two former teachers, Alara and Uddaka. Two people who reincarnate. Then he thought about five friends and asceticism, that they are residing in the Deer Park (Deer Park), in Banares (Baranasi). He immediately walked to it. Here, the first sermon preached the Four insole called "Turning of the Wheel". After listening, venerable Qiao-ceiling-like (Kodanna) attained Tu-momentum-complete. Bhagavan inclusion in venerable as the first disciples.
* For the first time, House Jewels is formed, the beginning of the Buddhist Church .
Bhagavan continued Anatta lecture, that the five aggregates are impermanent, if anyone craving escape, they will be out of rebirth, liberation. Five Venerable: Order-cap-like (Kodanna) Mrs. Alpha (Vappa), Ba-topic (Bhaddhiya), Ma-ha-nam (Mahanama) and Theory of Market (Assaji) respectively attained Arhat.
Exalted to the Caucasian-amnesty (Yasa) in Benares with four others, all of which attained Arhat. So, in Benares, the Church was formed consisting of ten an Arhat (including Exalted).
After ten teaching position Arhat each're first on a way to expand Buddhism, Bhagavan continued to go to Advantage-term-frequency-speakers (Uruvela) sermon of three brothers Ca-lettuce (Kassapa) and nearly a thousand students of his father. Here, the king of Qin-she-sa-la (Bimbisara) Exalted audience. After hearing the lecture Bhagavan, the king understand the legal, Bhagavan immediately invite the same thousand Arhat life son, and offerings to Bhagavan and Truc Lam monastery monks (Veluvana), a campus-wide Large near Rajgir. Now is the month Vesakha, between April and May of the calendar year, early season summer retreat. The Church of Bhagavan first rainy season retreat here . The next two months Vassa, Bhagavan and resident monks at Rajgir. It was during this time, an ascetic hermit with nearly five hundred disciples, including Xa-Loi false religions-Waving (Sariputta) and Category-Kien-Union (Mahamoggallana), the level of Bhagavan. From there, often have a thousand two hundred and fifty monks accompanied Bhagavan.
Venerable Xa-profit-waving and venture capital Section-hopea-two cronies. On the way to find enlightenment, before meeting Bhagavan, venerable Xa-profit-waving has attained Tu-momentum-complete results when first heard speaking venerable theory marketing Origination doctrine summarized. Then, before Bhagavan, two venerable have attained Arhat.
Venerable Xa-profit-waving is superlative intellectual level of the Church, Venerable Section-hopea-venture is Career First Kabbalah. Due to this reason, Bhagavan choose venerable Xa-profit-waving as the firstborn, the Dharma Army General rank and select the Venerable Moggallana Monday disciples. From there, two venerable often behalf Bhagavan to guide Sangha. It was a time marked by the thriving Buddhist Church under the leadership of Bhagavan.
Between the winter of that year, Bhagavan returned Ma-out-momentum, The King heard, immediately sent an angel and a delegation of one thousand people invited to the royal visit Bhagavan. Both delegations were ordained. The king sent a delegation of a thousand other people invited. All are home again, not returning tide. The third time the king appointed Ka-da-di-note (Kaludayi), sons of lords, as you age youth of Prince Tat-reaching radar, Ka-up-da-di also ordained. All two thousand of the two envoys and Ka-up-da-di are attained Arhat. Soon, Ka-saving white-di-da to Bhagavan's request the King. Bhagavan accepted, then the one thousand two hundred and fifty monks of the royal family on the road.
Then Nan-Da (Nanda), brother of Bhagavan, and Rāhula (Rahula) son of Bhagavan are ordained. King was prime Bosnian-da-function, portable form Ma-ha-ba-ba-recommended soap-prime Tu-momentum-completion (after moving with her form Da-du-da-la renunciation and attained A-la welding); the King in a prime location and Arhat god at discharge report, in accordance with the traditions of Buddhism in Beijing-track recording four. The prince She-topic (Bhaddiya), A-recruiter-term-momentum (Anuruddha), Ananda (Ananda), Ba-old (Bhagu), Silver-question-la (Kimbila), Thread-she-Dat Multi (Devadatta) and barber of princes, priority-three-cup (Upali), please also ordained. Ba-started from scratch consecutive prime Sanming, A-recruiter-label long-momentum attained God and destined Additional intelligent, Ananda attained Tu-momentum-complete. Pros-three-ly afterwards attained Arhat, Devadatta obtained Charity gender identity.
Continue journey uncultivated, Bhagavan to Xa-defense (Savatthi) the layman Anathapindika (Anathapindika), get the garden and Vihara (Jetavana) offered by this layman, and the laywomen Loc Model (Visakha). Two laypeople this very powerful protector, daily to police health issues and concerns quarterfinals Buddha offerings (robes, food, medicine and couch) for monks.
Fifth year following the date of direct Bhagavan, Ms. Ma-three-bar-ba-started Bhagavan accepted, through solicitation request of Illustration A-nan, the conditions attached home "irreverent French . " Ni Church moved from this place .
From here, the Church monks and nuns founded with the Boost-Ni quite crowded, many religious laws began to be established.
According to Edward J. Thomas document, Chapter X, in his book "The Life of Buddha as Legend and History", a discipline problems begin to take shape in the sixth year after Bhagavan turning the wheel, and a clear picture from the tenth year after the attainment of enlightenment. According to the Vinaya, the rules certainly arises from the thirteenth year, due venerable Pros-she-ly in charge (this issue will be discussed at the World School, Dharma chapter).
In church monks and nuns, Bhagavan was depending Grace and every class of society, irrespective of rich and poor, male and female, on man, who had high levels of education, low status and so on:

- Venerable Shariputra and Section-hopea-linked component delegates scholars and intellectuals.
- Illustration A-recruiter-term-momentum, Ananda ... represent components royal chaplain.
- Venerable Pros-three-ly deputies working class.
- Angulimala was a robber.
- Women are false religions Patacara commoners, were deranged with grief and the (lost parents, children, husband and children).
- A Dalit girl.
- Ni she is capital Addahakasi geisha, etc .. (Theri).

Bhagavan continued teaching until the birth of new age eighty balance in numerous medical nirvana. Beijing says, every disciple of His highlights include:
* About monks: (Anguttara Economics I, guilty Win).

- Venerable Qiao-ceiling-As the first monks.
- Venerable Xa-profit-waving: First Intelligence.
- Venerable Section-hopea-venture: First Supernatural.
- Venerable Ca-lettuce: First starter momentum.
- Venerable Pros-three-ly: First Morality.
- Illustration A-recruiter-term-momentum: First Thien label.
- She-recommended venerable (Bhaddiya): Sounds wonderful filed most.
- The venerable Phu-long-na (puñña Mantaniputta): First Lecture.
- Venerable Ca-fried-performing (Maha Kaccana): First widely Lecture
- Venerable She-topic (Bhaddiya): You First tribe.
- Venerable Pindola Bharadyaja: Talking lion roar measures with the most followers.
- Venerable Rāhula: First Preferred learning.
- Venerable Tu-Bodhi (Subhuti): Purity and countless avoid First, most practitioners are offering.
- The venerable Radha: First financial measures.
- Venerable Kiep-front-na (Maha Kappina): Church World First.
- The venerable Revata: solitary meditation practitioners most.

* About nuns:

- Female respected author Ma-ha-ba-bar-ba-Title: First Presbyterian Ni (first practice).
- Khema: First Intelligence.
- Uppalavanna: First Supernatural.
- Dhammadinna: First Lecture .
- Nanda: First Meditation.
- Bakula: First God label.
- Bhaddakaccana: First place great victory.
- Kisagotami: Crude easiest bring y.
- Sigalakamata: Credit First Prize.
- Sona: Essential to the First .

* About South layman:

- Lay Tapassubhalli: first refuge.
- Level Solitude: Giving First.
- Citta: First Lecture.
- Hatthaka Alavaka: Photography for First congregation.
- Hatthigamaka Uggata: Household maintenance First monks.
- Ambattha: First Pure credits.
- Nakulapita: Casual First.
- ...

* About Women layman:

- Sujata (Tu-bar-recommended): first refuge.
- Visakha: Giving First.
- Khujjutara: writer David Junior.
- Uttara: First Meditation.
- Suppiya: Care Patients First.
- Katiyani: First Pure credits.
- Nakulamata: Casual First.
- ...

The Last Day.
(As a rule of Mahaparinirvana. Schools Nikaya III).
Eighty years old, she is old, Bhagavan decided Nirvana Radio y balance, after three times Mara (Mara) request, and after three times Bhagavan suggest Venerable Ananda Bhagavan request How the venerable residence not recognize his attention.
The last three months, the Exalted and Venerable Ananda walk from Rajgir to Beluva.
Along the way, during this time, Bhagavan has prevented an imminent war between the origin of momentum Ma-out-bar-the king of Assyria (Ajatasattu) and Bat-term land (which served).
Bhagavan continued deserve those high levels. Subbaddha pagan wanderer was the last to be Exalted to ordained ordained. Shortly thereafter, Subbaddha attained Arhat. This is the Arhat final nirvana before Bhagavan.
One other layman, lay Thuan-Da (Cunda), iron workers, are encouraging sermon Bhagavan, Bhagavan was offered metal coat color (bright yellow) and last meal offerings. During this meal, in addition to food there epigastric secondary wood ear (sukara-madde). Finished, Bhagavan l blood disease, pain, but Bhagavan uses the healing power convince the Venerable Ananda continue journey to Kusinara. Bhagavan taught Cunda "It's a poisonous mushroom; except the Tathagata new eating not die, please bury the remaining portion of food." Bhagavan advised the Venerable Ananda please dispel any remorse may occur inside Cunda for the meal offerings to them, and dispel misunderstandings about the discussion dissolved into a donated heart of Cunda - (rule of Eight Great Nirvana, Digha-III).
The final teaching.
- "Ānanda, France and the Law that I taught and presented, after my passing, the French and the Law would be masters of the Mr." (Ibid. P. 154).
- "Ānanda, after my passing, may cancel the smallest school world" (Ibid. P. 154).
- "Behold the monks (Then took five hundred monks are useful Bible study), uneducated, if any monks any doubt about the Buddha, the Dharma and we Increase, Path, or the method, time Ask away, do not have regrets later on ... ".
Bhagavan asked three times, but all were silent, expressing no doubt.
- "Behold the monks, this Tathagata He advised; The compounded is impermanent, be diligent, and not have distractions" (Ibid. P. 156).
Key here is the last teachings in the last teachings of the Tathagata.
Infinite Balance Bhagavan Enter Y Nirvana.
Bhagavan teaches Venerable Ananda went to Ta-la forest (Sala) of the Malla clan in Kusinara. Ta-la-season natural full bloom spike. Bhagavan teaches moved berth, head towards the north, between the twin trees Ta-la. Bhagavan lie on the right hip, legs to the other. After training is complete the final teaching. Bhagavan entered the preliminary application and output Zen Meditation, sensitivity and output sensitivity Zen Zen idea .... Phi Phi phi phi great idea and non-ideal non manufacturing, import and export Kills Kills life expectancy great idea to import non heresies Africa non-ideal and non ideal non-ideal production ... Sign Profile Zen, Zen primary production, to enter the quarterfinals Meditation, derived from Zen, Bhagavan's passing away.
After Exalted Nirvana, the gods and men, except those who do not take the crying craving, Brain shirt; those who take strong craving then stay mindful that "The issue is impermanent, how can it be otherwise?"
Cremation relics and relics Tower Building.
Malla in Kusinara people constantly pay homage, reverence metallic body offering Bhagavan with dances, music, direction and flowers, then set the pyre at Makuta Bandhana temple.
Kim's body was studying 500 Bhagavan linoleum (on a fine cloth, a rough fabric), put on a head of iron coffin, this coffin sealed by an iron coffin other. Pyre made of wood scents.
Pyre can not catch fire until Dai Ca-lettuce venerable prostrations up on Bhagavan. (When the news Bhagavan passed the venerable University Ca-lettuce is in the middle of the way from Pava to Kusinara).
When burnt, no body or ashes rest, but only relics. A water line from nowhere and a water line from the plant off I-la sprinkle stake. People then sprinkle Malla things off with fragrant water.
Xa Dan tri-profit religious Malla in lecture halls, seven days bowed respectfully, offering dance, music, floral offerings.
Relic is divided into eight sections for:

1. King of Maggadha.
2. Licchavi clan in Vesani (Sat-insole-profit field).
3. Field Shakyamuni in Ca-Pi-la-defense.
4. The influx of Puli in Allakappa (Sat-insole-profit field).
5. Those Koli in Ramagama (Sat-insole-profit field).
6. Those Malla in Kusinara.
7. Those Malla at Pava.
8. Vethadipaka Brahmin.

Ten towers are erected to worship Xa-profit:

- Eight worship tower-gain reflector.
- A church tower vase for-profit division Xa.
- A tower of ash Xa-profit worship.

Thought Differences Between India And Buddhism Under Time Bhagavan.
Indian thought before the Buddha and the Buddha's time:
Researchers in India often have thought many different perspectives. Speaking about the relationship between Buddhism and the Vedas too. Is this a true study can elaborate distinction clear and valuable about anomalies between the Indian and Buddhist thought.
In this brief presentation, we advocate cites some typical comments and add their own opinion based on years Nikàya and four Agama.
According to Radhakrishnan and Moore, in his book "Indian Philophy" Indian philosophy is divided into five phases:
* Phase I: From 2500 to 600 TTL TTL phase of Vedic thought.
* Phase II: From 600 to 200 TL TTL phase shifts ideological Hero
* Stage III: The phase of the first century of the Calendar, the period of Beijing (Sutra). This phase consists of philosophy are:

- Nyana or Reality logic (Logical Realism).
- Win Vaisesika or comment, or pluralistic realism.
- Samkhya or of speech, or dualism Evolution (Evolutionary dualism).
- Yoga or Meditation.
- Purva Mimamsa: the first interprets works of Vedic related to gender, and Uttara Mimamsa or later on research related to Vedic knowledge, also called Ve-above-trend (Vedanta), landing Vedas.

* Phase IV: the academic phase, the phase of the treatise written to explain the Kinh was born.
* Phase V: Ideology contemporary India.
Vedic period is the period of cultural ideas and civilized Aryans from Central Asia transmitted. This is the philosophical stage in the achievement of the Upanishads. There are four kinds of Vedic: Title chant the Know (Rig Veda-), the International Vedic self (Yajur Veda-); Vedic Mantra on, Ca Bay (Samma-Veda), and Vedic Atharva by Taoist tradition, have personalities participating physicians and meaningful implementation of the other three (Atharva Veda-).
Primarily thought of the Indians in the Vedic period are: The truth revealed by God to mankind at the beginning of each cycle The universe (each cycle: 4320 million years on earth. Rig-Veda mentions so many gods as the sun god (Surya), the god of Fire (Aggi), god sky (Dyaus), the god of Storms (Maruts), the god of the wind (Vayu or Vata), the god of water (Apas), god of the Dawn ( Usas), god of the earth (Prthivi), etc .. But Radhakrishnan and Moore (Ibid, p. 5) when the Indians worship the god god does he become lord god (creator and destroy the universe .) Thus, Vedic polytheism has meaning, has brought the most significant god, may god called priority class (Henotheism or Kathenotheism).
By the second period of Indian thought, Buddhism appeared with Jain (Jainism), Saivism and Vaisnavism.
Buddhism appeared Buddhism means other contents carry an ideological content with India and the previous time.
PD Mehta, in his book "Early Indian Religious Thought", publisher Lussac and Publishing Company Limited in London in 1956, wrote: "Religion is Buddha suggested is very unique, it's a staggering difference with all other major religions. dharma, but not a holy man or absolute, as the source. The goal is selflessness, the end of suffering, and the realization of immortality, Nirvana ... ".

George Grimm, a German scholar, is a Buddhist, in the appendix, "The Doctrine of the Buddha as the Flower of Indian Thought" by the book "The Doctrine of the Buddha" (Translated into English by monks Silacara) wrote: "The teaching of the Buddha's teachings also called No-self, as opposed to the doctrine of the Fall Clean-male-majority" .
There are lots of presents at Nikàya and Agama clear difference between theory and Buddhist India. We, writers, noting that it was Ven own views and Sarvastivadins sets.
Brahma Net Sutra (Brahmajâla Suttam) sixty presented two arguments accepted by the Indian doctrine that time apart from Buddhism. In which eighteen discussion arises over the past (including permanent four arguments, four semi thuoung impermanence sell opinion, the boundless finite conclusion four, four sophistry, and inhumane two arguments), thirty-nine cases on similar reasoning hybrid (consisting of sixteen great argument can accept after death, eight arguments mindless acceptance after death, eight arguments have not approved not without a great idea after death, and seven discussion cessation) and in observance of the current discussion at Nirvana Comments (Han organ equivalent of Pham Dong, A-levels).
Usage respective Notes (Avyakata), Samyutta Nikaya IV, accepted the arguments presented, the present opinion the reason is due to the presence of AI opponents, fraternity, love kindness, is due to ego clinging ( Lust, Feeling, Perception, Action and Consciousness). This is a clear difference between the Indian doctrine under Bhagavan with Buddhism. One theory behind the policy related to the Self, one behind all the legal guidelines are Anatta. Some scholars thought that time that Vedic and Buddhist meet in theory Retribution (Kamma, Skt. Karma), Rebirth (Samsara) and Liberation. The writer thinks that this is just the same in the name (noun), but the content of what they contain disparate. The policy of karma, reincarnation, cause and effect, freed of Buddhism will be presented in Chapter Dharma.
Brahma Dong (Chinese organ, school A-levels, vol 14) presented similar arguments accepted sixty-two on and have concluded right in this business that the "State religion by clinging five aggregates which initiated sixty two accept that argument. "
Agama Nikàya stance and can be seen as loyal stance with Buddhist origins (original) application. Here the differences are evident as the foundation of Buddhism and the contemporary Indian thought and earlier.
Going into the social phenomenon of caste discrimination in India, the difference compared with the more conspicuous Buddhism more. The phenomenon cleavages that have thousands of years ago to the Exalted and lasted until early modern and modern.
Four castes of Indian society (including Brahmin, Sat sole benefit, Phệ-amnesty and Prime-momentum) is derived from the Rig-Veda trading, the most ancient texts of Hinduism. Rig-Veda, Chapter X, 90, 11 stated that: "His mouth was a monk Brahmin (Brahmana), he made up his arms and soldiers (Kshatriya), two successful traders His thighs (Vaishyas) , his feet a servant (Shudra) ".
The different caste people are not wedded together, not to eat at my table, not the ceremony. Dalit prime-da-la especially abused and scorned.
Meanwhile, Buddhism class leveler, equality between people with the same blood red, the salty tears. This view is presented in many of the Nikaya and Agama. Because of this difference, but there are some Brahmin teacher so far, see Buddhism as hostile, said that the Buddha did reverse the traditional India.
Leveler four Indian caste as advocated bringing revolutionary ideology and social revolution. That policy of Bhagavan, with views on the liberating teachings of the Chair, to say the unique position in the history of Indian Buddhism, as well as in the history of mankind. Whether the Buddhist sect have looked at some different definition of Bhagavan, that does not alter the unique values. /.END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGTHMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=THE EIGTHFOLD PATH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.22/5/2015.