The Life of Ananda Sangha.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH. Chapter IX-b Ananda when the Buddha was about to enter Nibbana (cont.) -ooOoo- (continued to Section IX-a ) Last day In that period, the Buddha made a pilgrimage to the land of Mallas, home of a warrior-class tribe, located at the foot of the Himalayas (Himalaya). At that time, it seemed that the border of Mallas was not far from Xa Ve citadel (Savatthi); Therefore, the news that the Elder Xa Loi Phat (Sàrìputta) had just passed away was propagated in the city of Xa Ve penetrated the ears of the Buddha. And in the land of Mallas, a territory adjacent to the home of the Sakyans family of the Buddha, where the Master became seriously ill, after having a "mushroom plate" meal, by the silversmith. Cunda dedicate. The narrative still clearly states: When the Buddha saw that "mushroom plate", he told Mr. Cunda to give it to him only, not to distribute them among the Sangha. After eating, Buddha also taught Mr. Cunda to immediately take the remaining food of him and bury it, because only a Buddha could digest such foods. (Translation: According to some other accounts, the food that Mr. Cunda gave to Buddha was not mushrooms, but a reserve food for hunters to sell. Readers can learn more. in "The last days of the Buddha" - The last days of the Buddha. Or you can read the papers by Mr. Arthur Waley, also on the subject, based on Chinese sources. Hoa, especially the articles he wrote on the "Last Verses" of the Buddha, and a number of articles he wrote on honoring the Buddha's entry into Nirvana. However, according to any document, we also find that there is one thing in common: It is a very poisonous dish that the Buddha had to teach Mr. Cunda absolutely not to give to anyone else. He avoids them danger to their lives. As for Himself, because He is about to enter Nirvana, poisoning does not matter to Him.) On this second fall of illness, the Buddha suffered from very severe diarrhea. Although the attack of poison is increasing day by day, but the mindlessness of a Buddha is too strong. He is always calm, pure, and lucidly continuing his journey ... People feel as if they were not witnessing the sick bodily pain causing the Buddha, but they were witnessing the sublime gesture of a Buddha head-on, observing the suffering in his body, like observing something "ordinary", "foreign", has nothing to do with Him. What an extraordinary act! At that time Buddha's body was very weak and words were very small. He told Ananda to spread the Sangha's robes for him to lie down and find water for him to drink. But Ananda hesitated because she had not found a river to have clearer water, but the water in the nearby stream was muddy, because a group of five hundred bullets had just passed. When the Buddha told to draw water the third time, Ananda obeyed. Extreme no, he had to take the bowl to step back by the stream, and strangely, the water became transparent. Ananda was extremely impressed, rushing to pour water to offer the Buddha. And he suddenly remembered that this was not the first time he had witnessed such a miracle, but not long before, he had scooped turbid water in a collapsed well, offering Buddha the water became clear. One day the Buddha met Prince of Mallas named Pukkasa, an apostle of the rabbi Alàra Kàlàma (one of the six most powerful schools at that time). This prince had studied religion with Alàra Kàlàma before for fifteen years. Just seeing the Buddha, Prince Pukkusa opened the story with praise: - What a surprise! It is admirable of the purity and nobility of the monastic disciples who have escaped from their families; peaceful and happy life. Then the Prince continued: - The master of the prince's version (referring to Alàra Kàlàmara) once so firmly entered samadhi that he could not hear five hundred chariots passing by, but that sound could awaken a deep sleeper. must wake up. Because he knew that Prince Pukkusa had a predestined relationship, he was about to receive him, so after hearing that, the Buddha asked: - Hey Pukkusa! If comparing the concentration of Alàra Kàlàma with the concentration of a samadhi in the midst of a thunderstorm storm, the wind sweeping the trees, the water flowing like a waterfall, which position is more difficult to meditate? - Bach Duc Co Dam! The samadhi's concentration is harder to do. That fact that the Buddha recounted, not for Prince Pukkusa to hear, but also for all the disciples: He had many times Entered samādhi in the rain, storm and thunder like that! Especially the Buddha also added that: When he released meditation, he or had a lot of cattle, cattle, and unhappy villagers were killed by thunder. Pukkusa was originally a person who believed in power, so the Buddha used Zen to "preach" so that this Prince automatically applied for refuge and confirmed Buddhism as a sure path to the truth. This is the last disciple of the Buddha. Prince Pukkusa then presented the Buddha with two golden colored robes. The Blessed One accepted a robe and told him to give the other y to Ananda. When Ananda received that robe, casually looking up at the body of the Buddha, he saw the skin color of the Buddha suddenly became extremely bright, he was surprised and said: - Bach Duc The Ton! How strange! The skin of the Blessed One is naturally extremely shiny, it can be said that it is even more beautiful than this golden leaf. The Buddha answered slowly: - Hey, Aanda! There are two instances where the face of a Buddha suddenly became unusually bright. That is when the Buddha is Dao and when he is about to enter Nirvana. In the second case, the Tathagata will enter Destroy tomorrow at midnight. Ananda, listening to the Buddha's statement, fell off her limbs. Because throughout that day, and the whole day before, Buddha was in a sick state, but the Blessed One was always fresh and alert. After the Buddha spoke the Dhamma to this person, he would provide for others, so Ananda hopes, because Buddha's compassion prolongs his life. Now listening to the Buddha said that before entering Nirvana, he became panicked. Ananda automatically blamed the silversmith Cunda for accidentally offering poisonous food to the Master. The Buddha knew that, so after he found a pond of water to wash and clean, he would return to Abanda, - Hey, Aanda! You should not blame the silversmith Cunda! Especially do not misunderstand that the Buddha had to die just because he had received a meal of that benefactor. In fact: The two most precious offerings are the first when the Bodhisattva is enlightened, and the last before the Buddha enters Nirvana. Cunda thanks to the blessing of such offerings that he will prolong his life, and his wealth and name will also increase. And at the end of his life, he will reap the good results reborn in heaven. The fifth part of the Great Nirvana Sutta begins from the moment when the Buddha asked Ananda to bring him to the region of Kusinàrà, into the park of King Mallas. When the Buddha arrived, the Buddha told Ananda to lift him, lying on a rock, turning his head to the North, between the two trees of Song Nagarjuna intersecting with branches. Although it was not the season of flowers, but the Buds of Lizard suddenly appeared, bloomed, and spread countless fragrant stamens on the Buddha's body. History copy: The Mandarava flower (Mandarava) is also naturally falling from the air, interspersed with Song Long Life, bringing with it the scent of heaven and heaven. (A Japanese Buddhist scholar, Mr. DT SUZUKI compared the elegant, sublime image of a Buddha's final moments with the end of Christ, made everyone see that: in both cases, the two Bishops have left shining examples for later generations who will believe in them). Completed, the Buddha immediately entered samadhi and the adjacent disciples took turns serving the Buddha. When it was the turn of the Elder Upavana to stand fanning to serve, the Buddha suddenly taught: - Hey Monks! The offering by servants, by heavenly music, by aroma, by garlands, or by any of the most precious objects in the world to the Tathagata, is not equal to making offerings by virtue of doing the right teachings. liberation that the Tathagata taught! It means that a monk who lives strictly according to the noble religion of the Buddha is that Sa Monk makes a sincere offering to him. The Buddha's passage told Elder Upavana to stand aside. Ananda was surprised, immediately told the Buddha the reason, the Buddha replied that: - Hey, Aanda! Because there are innumerable gods who come from four directions and eight directions to fully worship the Chief Justice of the Chief Enlightenment. But the Upavàna monk stood before the Tathagata Buddha, and the mind of this monk reduced the aura of the gods so they did not dare come close to worship. That's why the Tathagata asked him to stand aside! Although Amanda was sad, but heard that a celestial (invisible) came to visit immediately and was shocked, curious to ask the Buddha about them, he was also briefly described by the Buddha: - Hey, Aanda! Those gods, who still have sex senses, cried bitterly, saying: The Buddha appeared in the world for 45 years, but now they see the body for the first time, and also the first time. last! As for the gods who come from the two realms of Form and Formless Realms, the gods appear purer, but their nostalgia about losing a Buddha cannot conceal them. Sections of the Buddha; people heard the gods discuss with each other that after receiving Toan Giac Tieth, every day (equivalent to 100 years of the world), from the heavenly realms they will come to the human realm to admire the places related The Buddha, once, Buddha said to Ananda: - Hey, Aanda! There are four places of interest, representing the image of Buddha Shakyamuni: 1. Place of Birth, in Lumbini garden (near Xa Ve citadel: Sàvatthi). 2. Location Thanh Dao, along the snow forest of Uruvela territory (near Ni Lien River). 3. The location of First Time Speaking (Turning of the Dharma) in Loc Da garden, near Benares city. 4. And the place of entering Nirvana, (in the garden of Song Long Tho Mallas near the citadel of Kusinàrà). Later, if there are people of kindness, remembering the Buddha, they will go to and worship one of these four (or all four) places. And the blessings of such adoration will bring the sincere, after the end of life, to be born into heaven. Especially, those who come from afar to the relic will enjoy the blessings of money: healthy body, elimination of sickness. It is worth noting that all four Holy Land are located in a garden, by the forest, near the city, not in the city. So that future pilgrims can find "vestiges" of the Buddha in places that are both pure (near the forest) and easy to access (near the city). At that time, Asana suddenly remembered something, she sadly asked the Buddha: '' Bach Duc The Ton! After the Buddha passed away, how should a Bhikkhu Sangha treat the saved female disciples? - Hey, Aanda! Tathagata has taught that to him carefully. ( Please read the previous paragraph, chapter 5) . Ananda, with tears in her eyes, asked again: - Bach Duc The Ton! But when the deity had An Abnormal Nirvana Pure Land, how would the disciples keep His body and body? - Hey, Aanda! That is the duty of lay people, kings. And the duty of the bhikkhus Sangha is to diligently develop the spirit and immortality on the path of liberation. Ananda pleaded: - Bach Duc The Ton! But do we disciples want to know the will of the Buddha about the funeral for the body of a Samantabhadha? The aura on Buddha suddenly lit up, and then he replied: - Hey, Aanda! The shame of a Samadhi samsara will be cremated according to royal ceremonies. And the ashes and relics will be divided equally by the kings to build the worship tower. - Hey, Aanda! There are four classes of people in the world that deserve the gods and humanity to protect the remains in the stupas (Cetiyas): the Omniscient Buddha (Sambuddha), the Pratyekabuddha Buddha (Paccekabuddha), Arahat (Arahatta). and the Holy King Rotation (Cakkavatti Ràjà). Whoever has the good fortune to worship the remains of those four classes will be extremely blessed. (Translator's note: Titles such as: Omniscient, Chanh Dang Chanh Giac, Chanh Van Tri, Thieu Ngu Trieu Phu, Thien Nhan Su, World Solution, Minh Hanh Tuc, Supreme Si, Respect, Goodness The Oath, World Religion etc .. all refer to the Buddha Shakyamuni, that is, a Buddha, from countless eons to be a Bodhisattva, had the vow to bring the teachings of life). Also the title Independent Enlightenment refers to a level of Liberation who has self-cultivated, self-reliant, in the last life, there is no need to listen to anyone's dharma and does not teach the dharma to others. The Arhat Buddha is often called the Sravaka Sravaka, or the disciples who have attained the attainment of the Abhidharma (no longer samsara), of an Enlightened Buddha. All three types of titles mentioned above are reserved for those who escaped from the family, attained Impermanence, Liberation. Particularly, the title Zhuan Wheel of the Holy King refers to a sage living in the golden palace He is an emperor with immeasurable grace, taking virtue to rule the people, and constantly disseminating good dhamma domestically as well as abroad. The Zhuan Luan City most attained Holy attainment, from the Sotàpattimagga level upwards. According to ancient Indian custom, especially when Buddha was still alive, the great people, after closing their eyes, are often worshiped in the tombs (Stupas), or in the stupas (Cetiyas). As for the ancient King Zhuan Wheel, the remains are also decorated with very precious objects, and at the same time, there is always a parasol above the tomb. (People call the remains of the Buddha is Ngoc Xa Loi and nowadays, rows of Buddhists can go to worship Ngoc Xa Loi at large shrines, or Central Museums in Buddhist countries). At that time, Ananda, because she was too miserable, stepped behind where the Buddha lay, hugged a pillar, and wept bitterly. Ananda cried because he knew that his Arahantship had not yet attained, his heart still had lust, but the Buddha, the only one who could help him through the sea of ​​suffering, was about to enter Nirvana. With a mentality with more or less sexuality, Aanda probably wondered: '' Is the result of 25 years of schooling like that? ''. The image of an Arahant crying, later often depicted by the art of painting, or by the sculptures of Buddhist culture, at historical worship centers, made researchers Internationally refers to the image of the apostles of Jésus Christe bowed by the cross, about 600 years after Buddha. Buddha did not see Abanda by his side, asked the reason, then sent someone to call him to teach him: - Hey, Aanda! You should not be sad! The Tathagata has taught him many times before: All things are impermanent. Is there something that has been born, changed over time, without a day of decline or destruction? - Hey, Aanda! His attitude to Buddha from the past 25 years, which is cheerful, simple, sensitive and serious. With a wholehearted service to love the Buddha, by deed, word, and thought, he created for himself an immeasurable merit, greater than anyone in the teachings of the Tathagata. Why do not you remember those merits to be satisfied, so that you believe that the liberating result will come in this life. - Hey, Aanda! The Tathagata advised him to be a little more diligent, and then the mess in his mind would be washed away. Then in order to increase faith in Amanda's merit, the Buddha recounted that in an ancient past life, when Shakyamuni Buddha, the precursor of Buddha Shakyamuni was signed by the past Chief Enlightenment, precursor A Nanda, was also signed that he will attest to Liberation in the teachings of the future Buddha (According to Jataka 307: Tears of Life No. 307). This is the first prediction. And now, before entering Nirvana, the Buddha predicted that `` Abanana will be Liberated '' for the second time. After the completion of comforting and encouraging Abanda, the Buddha turned to the ranks of Bhikkhus, and the Buddha once again gave praise related to Ananda that: - Not only the Tathagata has a worthy close disciple, but the Buddhas of the past, and the Buddhas of the future life also have such disciples. Ananda's politeness towards the Buddhist ranks is also very admirable. Every time the monks gathered to listen to him speak the dharma, they were satisfied and happy each time, and they kept wanting to hear him speak the dharma more. Ananda is a Samana whose good reputation has been attained that few are equal! Besides him, only one Zhuan Luan Qing King had such prestige. Not only in the Great Nirvana Sutta but in other sutras, we also see this Buddha's way of encouraging and teaching Abanda: On the one hand, the Buddha praised the true qualities of Abanana before the monks, especially those who love him. On the other hand Buddha reminded him to try to get rid of the last defilements. As the Buddha was praised so that Ananda's mind suddenly flashed of hope: He suggested that the Buddha should not pass away in the Garden of Mallas, under the two trees, but He should move to Nirvana. Tables in a larger capital, such as Sàvatthy (Xa Ve), Rājagaha (Vuong Xa), Kosambi or Bènares for example! Particularly Bhikkhu La Ve (Kapilavatthu), the home capital of the Buddha, is the most suitable and closest place to the land of Mallas, but Amanda did not suggest that this capital has just been invaded, looted and burned. by a son Prince of King Pasenady. There is another capital, Vesaly, Aanda, did not mention, because not long before, the Buddha announced that he would not return to this city. Amanda suggested that the Buddha should enter Nirvana in a big city, because he thought that there might be a more solemn ceremony for Tra Bhikkhu and the number of people who attended to sow good conditions with Buddha for the last time was also will be more crowded. But the Buddha lying on the bed about to die, understanding his heart, fully explained to Amanda the reasons and conditions why he chose Kusinara as his final resting place. After Ananda finished listening to the Buddha's teaching, he knew where the Buddha lies, prepared to Passion-off, which is the most predestined place of the Buddha, in an ancient life, applied to be a Holy King His name is Maha Sudassana, which has brought grace and virtue to rule this area, making the nature flourish and happy for a while. The Buddha's predecessor at the end of his life was reincarnated as the Holy King Zhuan Wheel there at least six times, and in this last life he passed away for the seventh time. Though the material splendor and peace of that ancient kingdom has now perished, disappeared, and has become zero. But for a person who knows the past, the future, its historical significance and value still remains. On the other hand, based on the Dharma Bao of the Buddhas, it is also the place that clearly demonstrates the impermanent truth: a kingdom has been prospered through the grace of the holy dhamma for up to six generations of the Holy King Zhuan Wheel, but also ever so, try to ask societies that only know how to do good for years, years or a certain generation, where do they depend on being able to relax, thinking that their blessings will not end? In Ton Tuc Kinh (Theragàthà) there is also a famous verse about that ancient kingdom as follows: '' Happiness is also true though! But because of reuniting, all things dissolved, Everything was born to decline. Although the Holy Dharma also one day disappears, Okay, loss, failure, mania, physical illusion, With time, everything is just ephemeral. Ending that predestined relationship destroys the prison, The blissful mind is the mind outside the animal being The story of the Holy Wheel of King Maha Sudassana (Buddha's predecessor) can be considered as the last story that the Buddha told Ananda. Then the Blessed One told Ananda that the Buddha was about to enter Nirvana and invited the people of Mallas in the city of Kusinara to meet, so that they could worship the Buddha for the last time. Among those who visited the Buddha farewell, there was a wandering mage named Subhadda, who was stopping at Kusinara, and hearing the news that Buddha was about to be Nirvana, he also visited. Subhadda inherently had a difficult problem in his mind, so he thought, `` It is very difficult to meet a Buddha, so we should quickly bring this mysterious matter to the Buddha, ask him to explain that, lest delay, it will be late. '' . When Subhadda asked Aban to let him come to the Buddha, Ananda refused, saying: "Let the Blessed One rest, no one is disturbed!". Asanas three times refused, knowing that his actions were contrary to the compassion of the Buddha. The Blessed One heard Aanda's refusal until the third time like that, immediately taught: - Hey, Aanda! You let the wandering subhadda come close to the Tathagata, for he has a question in his mind that cannot be resolved. He came to pray for enlightenment, not to disturb the Tathagata ''. Subhadda was very happy, immediately went forward, clasped his hands, told Buddha: - Dear Co Dam! There is a question that this wandering wandering question is: how to realize the truth, when the current priests are preaching contradictory things, but whose argument hears well? The pure Buddha replied: - Hey, Subhadda! Listen to the Tathagata's teachings, then he will be clear: When a person acts noble, especially living according to the Eightfold Path, he will see for himself the liberating teachings, and find for himself the four good results of monastic level. Then, the more diligent a Samana is in virtue, the more clearly the Holy fruit appears. - Hey, Subhadda! Nhu Lai brought blessings to the world for forty-five years, this was the first time he had heard! And besides that good dharma, he could not find the truth elsewhere. That brief Buddha's teaching, it was enough for Subhadda, (as was the case with Prince Pukkasa), to receive the profound Dharma, Subhadda, then took refuge in the Buddha, and volunteered to join. clergy community. But according to the law that the Buddha has set: A local Taoist who wants to join Buddhism must `` try the conduct '' within four months. During this time, if they change their mind, they can return to their old sect. Subhadda happily obeyed. He also said: `` ... If Buddha told him to practice for four years, then was officially admitted to the Church, he was also ready to do it. '' With that determination, the Buddha allowed Subhadda to take refuge, and this was the last disciple of the Omniscient. It is praiseworthy that this last disciple, soon after, attained Arahantship (Arahatta: Real Lai). The sixth part (which is also the last part) of the Great Nirvana Sutta contains the ultimate instructions of the Buddha. We can list them as follows: First, monks should not think: After the Buddha, after the Buddha's death, the community of disciples will no longer have anyone who is a teacher. Because all of the Buddha's sutras and laws left behind, it will be the standard of the guide, seen as a teacher. What the Buddha said, or designed to prevent mortals from committing crimes, will then be compiled into a systematic, written document by the disciples to stabilize the foundation of the Buddha's teachings. for future generations. Second, after the Buddha entered Nirvana, monks and nuns were not allowed to call each other disorderly: For example, they should not be called each other by '' righteousness '', but must respect rank, age, must call each other by the words `` Dear Sir '' and call ourselves "poor", if we are older or equal, we must call ourselves a pupil, if we are the youngest. In the Pali language, a lowly bhikkhu calls a great and lower bhikkhu Bhante ("Lower" is the monastic deeds, a senior unit in Buddhism). This law is preserved to this day, as a tradition that symbolizes harmony and respect for virtue in the clergy. A young man in Buddhism must always maintain a stereotype. And the young bhikkhus are constantly aware that, "Respecting the dignified ones in the Church is respect for the Buddha". Third, the Buddha allowed monks, who, after President Xiaya, to abolish small, less important laws relating only to etiquette and rituals in the past, that are no longer in circulation. in later times. However, this cancellation must be decided by the General Assembly of the Sangha, not by a popular individual. Nor should that cancel out the validity of the major laws of the virtuous life. If there is a samana, who does not want to abolish the `` trivial '' rules and tries to keep enough, then that samana is not guilty of disobeying the Church. Fourth, the Buddha saved the last teaching to punish a bhikkhu with heavier disobedience, for the authority of the Church. This has to do with Bhikkhu Channa, a stubborn monk who refuses to correct bad conduct. When Ananda asked the Buddha how to implement that law, he was answered as follows: - No one can contact, talk, advise or teach Channa anymore! Let him do whatever he does, and don't pay attention to him. After that, Buddha did not forget to teach Abanda the basic methods, for external relations in the coming days, when he came into contact with all kinds of people. Then the Buddha turned to ask all the disciples that: Hey, bhikkhus! Up to now, do you have any questions related to the action and doctrine of Enlightenment? Especially wondering about the content and ideas of Phap Bao. Questions about the organization of the Church? And above all the question about the methods that you are using to gather? These four kinds of questions if any, you should raise them to be released, while the Tathagata is still alive, lest you will regret that the Tathagata has passed away. After the Buddha asked three times, but all the disciples present were silent, Ananda hurriedly said: - It is very good news, the bhikkhus here that no one is wondering anything. The Buddha immediately corrected him: - Hey, Aanda! When you said that sentence, are you sure that there really aren't any bhikkhus here who still have questions? You should know that there are probably many questions, which a bhikkhu does not want to say! Or maybe there are so many questions that they don't know what to raise first? These teachings of the Buddha to Amanda show that he knew well the virtues of the five hundred disciples who were present there, only a few who attained Mahasiddhas or more, there was no doubt in Buddhism. But over the other half, Sincerity is not yet blossoming! And that of His teachings is also to remind Abanda not to use his own ordinary speculation based on the outside, but to fix the level of understanding of the Sangha community. Then one last time, the Blessed One turned to five hundred disciples to say goodbye and blessings as follows: - Now! Hey bhikkhus! The Tathagata last repeated that the nature of things that form is to perish, disintegrate. You guys try to add up! Do not allow Awakening to be obscured, covered, imprisoned by this body of the five aggregates. After saying those ultimate words, the Buddha immediately entered Concentration: He started from First Jhana, Second Jhana, Tam Jhana, then Four Jhana… to enter Formless meditation. Just for a moment, the Buddha's mind was firmly established in the state of immorality. He had no more concepts, or feelings, of the five senses and the world. Buddha settled like that over the years (about 2 hours) that the wind force (referring to the breath) in his body had not been interrupted, so he went to the higher realms of meditation, namely Phi Chiang, Phi Phi Chiang, Consciousness, and then Unlimited Country. In the four realms of Formless Meditation just mentioned: When he dwells at the first two levels, the Buddha no longer has a subtle Mind, and when he dwells in the following two levels, the Mind King (or Buddha's Mind) automatically becomes immeasurable. upper, and infinity, not only transcended the universe and the limited universe, but he also transcended the infinite universal universe. While the Buddha was entering samadhi on the sieve (the bed rock), Aanda from time to time asked brother Anuruddha, a brother of his, who was also a Zen master with sublime concentration, almost equal. Buddha, see if the Buddha has entered Nirvana yet? Anuruddha called Anuruddha the great brother (bhante), although the two brothers were ordained together, to spend a day. Anuruddha was meditating at that time, using laws to watch over the Buddha. From time to time he ventured into meditation to inform the disciples about the spiritual condition of the Master. When Anuruddha heard Arahant ask the question: '' Brother, white master! Has the Blessed Buddha passed away yet? '', He replied: Hey, Master A Nan Da! The mind of the Buddha is still in the infinite Land of Meditation, that is, the Inborn Quality has resulted in him, and the Eternal Quality has just `` sprouted ''. That means the Buddha is close to Nirvana, but not Vien Xi. Anuruddha replied so, because he had made the most of his meditation energy. He can only "follow Buddha" up to the eighth realm of meditation and then stop there, but cannot 'go high' 'any more. As for the Buddha, his incarnation of Nirvana was a miracle. Buddha does not force himself to die. Nor does he intentionally prolong life. When the Buddha's mind transcended the Three Realms, reached the ninth Zen, but the breath in the flesh and body had not stopped, some flesh cells were still active, he went back to the first realm of meditation, leaving them to ( "living" cells) are in balance with the spirit that functions. Then he progressed to the higher realms of meditation, from Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, etc. to the ultimate destination of Nirvana. Just like that the Buddha sequentially, up and down, down and up, waiting for the organs in his body to end their lifespan, automatically ending. And when the last group of cells in the Buddha's body ceased to function, the Buddha mind meditation was in the fourth realm, he leisurely brushed off the dust of samsara, proceeded to the higher tenth, sixth, seventh , eighth, ninth then Enter Destroy! This last time Anuruddha also made use of meditation according to Buddha, for the duty of information. But when he reached the end of the eighth meditation, he was no longer in contact with the Buddha's aura. Anuruddha cautiously turned to the lower meditators to "heart" the Buddha, but without seeing him anywhere, he knew for sure that the guru had passed into Nirvana. It was exactly midnight, the full moon day of the fourth lunar month! The late moon was about to shift to the West. When the Buddha's whole body really stopped functioning ... suddenly the earth shook, the atmosphere moved, thunder rose in the air. As predicted by the Omniscient! Pham Thien Sahampati, the one who attained the Immortal Realm, who was also the god who asked the Buddha to preach the first time in the world (45 years earlier), immediately appeared to offer the Buddha with the verse: '' The law of impermanence governs all things, Even a Buddha cannot avoid it . '' King De Thich also appeared and repeated the meaning of a Buddhist sentence that the king had heard that: '' Samsara is an ephemeral realm, Birth still, death, elaborate reincarnation '' King De Thich was originally a fairy who attained Enter Luu, so he memorized many Buddhist languages ​​by heart. The third person who made offerings to the Buddha was Anuruddha. He improvised a few proverbs as follows: '' Rather pure is the time of Passion, Merciful, immeasurably pure. Sadness, happiness, suffering no longer, Beyond the three realms of the ten directions of Nirvana '' . But Abanda was sorrowful, lamented, said: `` What about when you have lost your teacher, The mortal realm is meaningless, this body is ungainly ''. Finally, all five hundred bhikkhus disciples of the Buddha, because most of them have not attained Holy attainment, their thoughts still contain a lot of sensuality and sensuality, so they burst into tears, mourning the Buddha in a tragic way. What is less than Aanda. The elder Anuruddha immediately advised him, but the monks could not handle the sadness. Anuruddha was a Zen master with divine eyes, so he saw that all the gods were mourning as well. He then repeated the Buddha's teachings on the law of impermanence for the monks to hear. In order to draw their attention, in order to alleviate their pain, he also told the monks that a large number of Devas are coming to the Buddha's body humiliating ceremony ... During the night Anuruddha talked nonstop about the Dharma with everyone. For Ananda, during the 45 years of school, living the monastic life, and sharing the same guru, he has never had moments of intimate and open "conversation", as in this case. Alanda is indeed extremely miserable and needs the comfort of him, a real brother, who is also a brother in the virtuous life. When it was nearly morning, Anuruddha told Arahant to bring news that Buddha had entered Nirvana, and spread it among the masses of Mallas. Among the great apostles of the Buddha, present there, Anuruddha was considered the elder, so of course he had to take on the task of urging everything. After that, the people of Mallas from Kusinàrà brought all necessary supplies to organize the great Tra cremation ceremony for the Buddha. They selected the finest corals of frankincense flowers, precious woods, beautiful fabrics and colored carpets, to be celebrated for seven days. The songs dedicated to the burial of kings and the highest dances were also performed to make offerings to the Buddha. In addition, the people of Mallas, while talking, they only discussed issues related to the Buddha. For example, they say, "If we admire the Buddha, we must hold a solemn cremation ceremony." What is the use of regret, but sadness? '' Some people say: `` During this Tea Ceremony, we must constantly offer incense by dancing, and recite the sutras by the racks, to show our respect. '' There are also intellectuals who say: '' The Buddha's appearance in the world is beneficial for all sentient beings! He went all over and over in India to proclaim the solution of Liberation, and now Yuan Xi, He has left us, the exemplary community of clergy, On the seventh day, they set up a firework to burn the Buddha's body. At that time, the great Elder Ca Lettuce (Mahà Kassapa, who had not been present in the last journey of the Buddha, was suddenly inspired by his instinct to lead an entourage towards the city of Kusinàrà. met a Lao The monk asking for information about the new Buddha or the Guru who entered Nirvana 7 days ago. Once again, people witnessed the monks in Dai Ca Lettuce's entourage began to cry and mourn the Buddha. However, among these, there is a new bhikkhu ordained, his bare heart is not finished, does not want to close himself in the Buddhist precepts. He heard that and immediately expressed his joy, declaring: `` So that from now on, no one will watch the conduct anymore, we can do whatever we like. The death of the Blessed One is a liberation for us! ''. And the omen of Buddhism will degenerate also begin from there. This bhikkhu is the symbol of aspiration, of anger and of dark delusion. That bhikkhu that has been called a "destructor" by the monks in the entourage of Elder Dai Ca Lettuce! When the king and the people of Mallas were invited to each light a match to put on the funeral pyre of the Buddha's body, all went out, no one could ignite the fire. Anuruddha, knowing the cause, declared that: '' This phenomenon is prevented by the gods, because the cremation ceremony must be presided over by the Head of the Great Caesar. Anurudda said that it was not long before the group of monks and nuns led by the Mahasiddhas came. (The act of walking around the Buddha's body three times is a deed that represents the highest respect at that time). When the last speck of fire of the pyre died, people only found the Buddha body turned into small white particles, without ashes in his iron coffin. When the kings of the neighboring countries heard that Buddha had entered Nirvana, it was near the city of Kusinàrà. They immediately sent many messengers to share the remains (or relics) of the Buddha to bring to the worship tower. King of the Mallas tribe, taking the reason that the Buddha entered Nirvana in his territory, he did not want to divide relics with anyone else. His arguments caused a heated controversy that almost caused war. At that time there was a sage sage of the Brahmanic class who had lost such a tense situation, hastily said, `` It is unreasonable to use war to settle the preservation of the remains of a perfect being. life only knows sowing the seeds of peace? The martyr suggested that Xa Loi should be divided equally into eight parts: three for seven messengers and one for the king Mallas. '' Thanks to that, the controversy became mellow. And to thank the referee of the Brahmin sage sage, King Mallas immediately gave him a stone vase, used to hold Buddha relics before sharing. As for the ashes of firewood and incense, the Buddha's body was burned, then given to a late Buddhist class. The result: later there were ten relics, ten stupas worshiping Buddha's remains. (ie eight relics plus the ninth part is the pot and the tenth part is the ashes of precious firewood).END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.3/2/2021.