The Dhamma in the Abhidharma Sutta (II).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH. The Buddha's birth goal was to find the way to cease suffering and bring happiness to all species. Therefore, his teachings say completely equal, depending on the ability and level of each person to understand, that will be beneficial. The ability to aim up to the point of ultimately saving respect After attaining enlightenment, the Buddha sat under the Bodhi tree and observed the faculties of sentient beings and found that sentient beings on earth have a heavy structure, with different levels of ability, because there are intelligent people. stupid people, people easy to teach, others difficult to educate, but in the end, they can practice to liberate. This is like: "... blue lotus, red lotus, yellow lotus, white lotus, there is something new out of the mud but not yet on the water surface, some come out of the mud and across the water surface, or there is one that has come out of the mud." out of the water but not yet blooming, but are not sticky and bloom easily ”. Thus, by nature sentient beings have the same intelligence and can all go to liberation. But in terms of phenomena, the identity and level of each person are different. Moreover, people have always had an inferiority complex, feeling inferior to their own identity without having the will to rise. Therefore, with immeasurable compassion, the Buddha customized the means to preach, teach sentient beings, to help sentient beings from evil people to good people, from stupid people to wisdom people, for each person. gradually see one's own nature and come to the ultimate goal of realizing Nirvana, bliss. Initially, the Buddha talked about the Eight Holy Paths for disciples to practice, because this is a common path, suitable for all types of people. Until everyone has had firm faith, He said that these Eight Paths only lead to the attainment of the righteous, not ultimately saving. If you want to attain the attainment of Rooster status as far as Arahant, you must practice the ten Holy Paths. It is the practice from Unsuccessful Right View to Uneducated Right Mind: "What is the right to learn to achieve eight chi, to attain the attainment of ten chi from Arhat? It is learning from Right View to Right Concentration, that is to learn from the eight chi achievements. Uneducated righteous views to uneducated righteousness, that is to take advantage of the ten-chi achievements of Arhat. This is the highest fruit of the Rooster row as far as Arahant, showing the ultimate tendency to save the dhamma. At this point, the Buddha declared: The Buddha's teachings are ultimately so inclined. But do we have a mind, an upward will and apply the teachings to our practice life? If we do not have confidence in our own abilities and do not have the will to progress, then we cannot reach the ultimate goal of salvation. We often have a saying that "whoever eats, he is full, whoever cultivates, he will witness". Therefore, each monastic practitioner who wants to achieve salvation must have an extraordinary energy, an upward will, and confidence in his or her ability to practice liberation. The seven characteristics of the Dharma The Buddhist teachings, or in other words, Buddhist ideology transcends all other contemporary currents of thought and even in the present. Practice with immediate effect This is about the result of Dharma practice. The effectiveness of the dharma deals with two aspects a. Effective for individuals The Buddha's teachings are completely equal, without any distinction on all angles, on the issue of attainment, anyone who believes in the Dharma wants to get rid of. pain to go to blissful bliss can be maintained, attained even the disciple at home or renunciation, can achieve the highest attainment. As the Elder Xa Loi Phat affirmed that: “..the words of the Blessed One say are the first miracle, below even the ranks of women can also maintain, at the same time, to put an end to contraband, unjust achievements, liberation, liberation wisdom and realization in the present moment, samsara has ceased, Pham Hanh has become, the job is done, there is no longer the body ". Furthermore, the teachings of the Buddha are not only equal, but also suitable for all types of people, under all different circumstances. However, the effectiveness of Dharma practice depends on how each person applies to the practice life. When we have faith in the Buddha's teachings, we must know how to properly apply the Buddha's cultivation methods, which are suitable with our abilities and circumstances, will surely achieve good results. : "The Dhamma that the Blessed One is well-taught and is fully propagated is for self-realization, the Dhamma with immediate effect, encouraging contemplation, leading to the place (Nirvana) .." In the sutras mention a lot of disciples both monastic and house, from people from aristocratic lineage, to those from lowly backgrounds, after hearing the Buddhistization achieved good results. beautiful in the present. As in the case of Mr. Tu Bat, the oldest disciple and also the last disciple of the Buddha before his death: “On that very night, Mr. Tu Bat was ordained as a monk, pure practice, I am enlightened right now, samsara is over, Pham is done, my job is done, I have the real wisdom, and no longer rebirth. When it was nearly midnight, he attained Arhat and passed away before Buddha " Above only mentioned a typical case to demonstrate the effectiveness of Dharma practice. In the Buddha's congregation, the number of attained disciples could not be counted, following by the Buddha's side there were always 1,250 Arhat disciples. Among them, the Venerable Xa Loi Phat is the first wisdom and the Venerable Muc Kien Lien are two powerful arms of the Buddha in educating and managing them. For the disciples at home, the Buddha said that they could also practice to attain attainment of the highest attainment of Arahantship, but usually from attainment of Bodhisattva to Arahantship. The Dhamma in the Abhidharma Sutta (I) The Buddha's teachings are completely equal, without any distinction from all angles b. Effective for society Each human being is a factor to create society, if there are no people, there is no society. At the same time, people cannot live in isolation from society. Therefore, each individual practice according to the Buddha's teachings, achieving good results will contribute to a good result for society. That is the effect, the use of the dharma is full of both self-interest and self-forgiveness: "Not only can subjugate oneself, but also can subdue others, not only cease afflictions for oneself, but also cease afflictions for others, not only passing through to the edge of the senses, but also allowing people to cross to the edge, not only liberating themselves but also liberating others. The effect of the teaching on the social community aspect, we can see that in fact, in the history of existence and development of Buddhism, there are many countries that have the main Buddhist thought in the way. and all achieved good results. Specifically, our country's society under the Ly - Tran dynasties. Under these two dynasties, all kings were devout Buddhists, practicing according to the Buddha's teachings, using the righteous dharma to rule the nation's peace. Having built up people's confidence in the court, the whole nation united to create the strength to defeat the Song army on Nhu Nguyet river under Ly dynasty, three times to defeat the Nguyen Mong army under Tran dynasty. Therefore, it created an unprecedented peaceful state in the history of the nation. Even in today's modern society, when material civilization develops to the extreme, but social morality is on the decline, social evils are increasing such as drugs, prostitution, etc. Human beings are facing the dangers posed by themselves, the more effective the Buddha's teachings are when applied to society, reducing human suffering. In the book Buddhism in the Age of the AIDS Epidemic, has stated as follows: “Maybe the teachings of Buddhism are an important remedy to help people get out of suffering, the source of bliss will be absorbed. Glory forever ". These are the proofs of the effectiveness of France for the social community. Dhamma transcends time and space This is about the Time - Origin - Mechanical aspect of the Dharma. The Buddha's teachings are centered on people, so they are always suitable for all faculties and levels of beings in all different times and spaces. Through the sections above mentioned above the ineffectiveness of the doctrine, in this section only talks about Time and Country. That is talking about the transcendence of the dharma on two aspects of time and space. a. Transcendence of time: What is the transcendence of time? The Buddha taught: ".. the Dharma of the Tathagata is pure miraculousness, the present practice can be followed, it says indefinitely by time, indicating the weak yoke of Nirvana". During his teaching of fertility, the Buddha made no mention of nihilistic theories, the empty theories that are accepted today as a truth that is discarded day after day. as a mistake. With clear words, concrete examples, He explained what is inside and what is outside of us, related to the liberation from the suffering of life that is the path of perception, practice through the Four Noble Truths. The Four Noble Truths are the methods of perception and practice that the Buddha taught only in the first sermon and throughout his life. At the same time the teachings of the Four Noble Truths are also the foundation of all the Buddhist sects, this is something that no one can deny. Over a period of more than two thousand five hundred years with many ups and downs and changes, it still remains valid today. As for the human suffering, it was so old and still the same, the current social situation can be proved. Learn the word Heart in A Ham Sutra The Buddha's teachings are not only equal, but they are also suitable for all types of people, under all different circumstances. Many people often wonder: why the Buddhist teachings are the teachings of "spacetime", a teaching that has existed for centuries. That is because the Buddha's teachings are consistent with the reality, consistent with the human background of all times. This temporal transcendence stems from the fact that things are understood to be continuous, but continuous in change, in a continuous process of change and transformation. Therefore, the teachings of Buddhism are suitable with science, capable of adapting to all times and different civilizations. As Venerable-Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda observed: “One reason why this teaching is so readily accepted by the spirit of science is that the Buddha never encouraged rigid dogmatic beliefs. . He did not believe that the basis of His teachings was due to beliefs, beliefs, apocalyptic but allows generous flexibility and freedom of thought. The second reason is because a scientific spirit can be found in the Buddha's resolution of universal truth. The method of truth discovery and testing is very similar to the method of science ”. Through the above judgment, it shows the temporal transcendence of Buddhist teachings. Therefore, we can approach any area of ​​Buddhism as appropriate and applicable to all of us in this modern life. b.Space transcendence: Originating in India, Buddhism has crossed the border to enter countries without ever being restricted in any country. Today, Buddhism is present in most continents of the world, even the most difficult peoples, such as the West with only rational mind, specializing in practical science must also nod. receive and practice. Currently, the movement of research and practice according to teachings in Western countries such as England, Canada, France, and America is developing strongly, many study centers are born. What has made the teachings of Buddhism so widely popular in modern social life? Let us see Dr. Malalasekara write about Buddhism as follows: “During its 2500 years of history, despite facing many challenges, Buddhism has succeeded. Resilience and tolerance are the most important traits. It has no institutional inferiority and is not rigid dogmatic. It is a modesty deeply influenced by humanity and forged by cultures and civilizations, it has developed and spread in many countries. Moreover, on the way of introduction and propagation into the countries of Buddhism, it was not by following under the heels of the invasion, or by the Holy Wars but by the way of peace. Whenever Buddhism enters a country, missionaries also depend on the customs and beliefs of that country to have harmonious, flexible and cheerful methods of evangelization. take. Professor Rhys Davids said: “Whether Buddhists or not Buddhists, I study every major religious system in the world, and in all I find nothing in any religion that is more beautiful and complete. The eight main paths of the Buddha. The only thing I have to do is to arrange my lifestyle to suit that path. ” Methods of educating people in the A Ham sutras The Four Noble Truths are the methods of perception and practice that the Buddha taught only in the first sermon and throughout his life. Over two thousand five hundred years of existence and development, gradually the light of compassion and wisdom of Buddhism has penetrated into the hearts of people, many countries have adopted Buddhism as the state religion. Looking back at the Buddhist missionary history, we do not see a single drop of innocent people's blood spilled in the name of the Buddha, nor any other form of coercion. As Western scholar Aldous Huxley himself said: "Alone among the world's major religions, Buddhism has made its way without mistreatment, oppression, censorship or investigation." Through the comment on Buddhism of Western scholars in modern society, the most clear, concretely and vivid proof of the space transcendence of the Dharma is further demonstrated. Conclude In a nutshell, through the five characteristics of the Dharma, we can say completely objectively: the Buddhist teachings, in other words, the Buddhist ideology transcends all contemporary ideological currents. other and even present. Because that doctrine is not far from the reality of human suffering, always in accordance with the truth, the level of all beings at all times, different spaces, bringing practical benefits to human beings. in the present life. At the same time, this teaching is not a subject to study and study for intellectual satisfaction, but must be asked to practice the practice and above all, must be realized by oneself to be free from suffering. pain right here in this world. To achieve that noble goal, it requires each of us to diligently overcome all obstacles, overcome difficulties to cultivate our wisdom. In this way, the door of liberation will open before our eyes, as well as to bring the spirit of universal Buddhism into the human world, fulfilling the mission of being the messenger of the Tathagata. As Co Duc said: There is nothing on the way as advanced Nothing like the wisdom of my life Living spiritually in the life of Sa Bà Only progress is beyond all.END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.4/4/2021.