TU DI MOUNTAIN AND TU CHAU THIEN HUE. Many Buddhist students are curious about Mount Tu Di, whether there really is this mountain and where in the world is it located? There are many explanations that, Mount Tu di is just a symbol, symbolizing greatness. Just as in the Buddhist scriptures or using the term Ganges sand ( countless numbers) to refer to the plural, not counting all, the mountain tu di is a symbol of great numbers and greatness. The number of sand of the Ganges river represents the ceiling of afflictions and afflictions forever and ever, Mount Tu di is compared to the pride and pride of man. Mount Tu-di in Bhutanese thangka, 19th century, Trongsa, Bhutan (Photo: Wikipedia) According to Buddhist cosmology, the universe not only has this one world but also has countless other worlds coexisting. The mountain tu di and the four continents of the world are clearly described in the scriptures such as: The Sutra of the Year, belonging to the School of A Ham; and the Sutras of the Abhidharma, and also the description in the Vinaya and commentary, in which the Bodhisattva of the Bodhisattva also talks about this great mountain. The mustard seed contains Mount Tu-di Realm of Heaven and Era I. Mount Monk (Sineru) According to the Vietnamese Open Encyclopedia (Wikipedia), Nui Tu-di, Sumeru is Sumeru, Pāli is Sineru . It is a sacred mountain with five peaks, mentioned in Hindu, Jainian and Buddhist cosmology, [1] and is considered the center of all physical universes, metaphysical and spiritual. Mount Tu-di is part of the Cosmic Ocean, with many documents saying, 'The sun with the planets orbiting the mountain,' makes its positioning, according to the majority of the study. fake, is extremely difficult. [2] Some researchers have identified Mount Tu-di as the Pamir Mountains, in northwestern Kashmir. [3] The Suryasiddhanta book says that Mount Tu-di lies in the 'center of the earth' (' bhurva-madhya' ) in the land of Jambunad (Jambudvip). Narpatijayacharyā , a ninth-century sutra largely based on the unpublished writings of Yāmal Tantr, records ' Sumeruḥ Prithvī-madhye shrūyate drishyate na tu ' (' Mount Tu-di is said to be central earth, but not found there '). [4] Vārāhamihira, in the book Pancha-siddhāntikā , says that Mount Tu-di is located in the North Pole (although there are no mountains there). However, Suryasiddhānta said that Mount Tu-di lies in the center of the earth, at the poles Sumeru and Kumeru.[5] There are many versions of cosmology that exist in the Hindu scriptures. One of them describes Mount Tu-di surrounded by Mount Mandrachala in the east, Mount Supasarva in the west, Mount Kumuda in the north and Mount Kailasha in the south. [6] Another document says that Mount Tu di is surrounded by seven mountain ranges - Yugandhara, Isadhara, Karavīka, Sudassana, Nemindhara, Vinataka and Assakanna. [7] According to the Kinh The Ky, of A Ham School, describes the mountain Tu di: “As in the place where a sun, the moon operates across four galaxies, radiating light; there are a thousand such worlds. In the thousand worlds there are one thousand suns and moons; there is a thousand mountain Lord Tu-di; there are four thousand people, four thousand great people, four thousand seas, four thousand great seas, four thousand dragons, four thousand great dragons, four thousand yellow-winged birds, four thousand great golden-winged birds, four thousand evil paths, four thousand Great evil road, four thousand kings, four thousand great kings, seven thousand great trees, eight thousand great hells, ten thousand great mountains, thousand Yancheng, thousand four heavenly kings, thousand of heavenly kings Diem Diem-ma, thousands of Heavenly Demi-interest, thousands of heavenly Hoa at the moment, thousands of Gods of God, thousands of Gods of God; That is the small world. Like a small celestial world, such a small celestial world is like a celestial world. Like a celestial world, one thousand celestial worlds like that is one of the three great celestial worlds. The extent of such a corrupted world is where sentient beings reside, called a Buddha-field. ”[8] Continuing the Buddha explained: “This land is sixteen thousand and eight thousand do-weeks, the boundary is limitless. Upland land on water. Three thousand and thirty do-weeks deep water, limitless borders. The water is above the wind; six thousand and forty do-week thick winds, limitless borders. The waters of that great sea are eighty-four thousand do-weeks deep, boundless. Mount Lord Tu-di, the part to sink into the sea is eighty-four thousand do-week; eighty-four thousand do-weeks above water; the foot of the mountain is close to the ground, mostly solid soil. The mountain was vertical, without protrusions, giving birth to all kinds of trees; The tree radiates fragrances, fragrant all over the mountains and forests, is the place where most of the Sage, the great gods. The foot of the mountain is pure golden sand. Four sides of the mountain have four solid earth mounds, seven hundred do-weeks high, multicolored, made up of seven treasures. Four gentle acres of land, curving close to the sea surface. ”[9] The Buddha explained more about the structure, the chief reporter of Mount Lord Tu di. "Lord Tu-di mountain has a road of seven treasures; sixty do-week mountain roads; close to the two sides of the road there were seven layers of treasure walls, seven layers of balustrades, seven layers of netting, and seven layers of trees; the gold wall is silver, the silver wall is golden; the glass wall, the glass door, the glass wall, the glass door; European chain wall, onyx door; onyx wall, the chain door the wall is far away, the door of treasures. As for the railing, the horizontal trees are golden, the vertical trees are silver, the horizontal trees are silver, the vertical trees are golden; Glass transom plants, glass transom plants, glass transversal trees; The horizontal tree on the chain of the continent, the tree along the agate, the tree along the agate; The horizontal tree is far away, the tree along the treasures. On that railing, there is a treasure net. Under the gold net hangs silver spirit. Under the silver net, hanging gold spirit. Under the glass storage glass hangers. Under the glass net hangs lingering glass. Under the European chain, onyx hung hippocampus. Under the agate net hung chained chained. Under the nets hung the spirit of the treasures. And the golden tree has golden roots, golden branches, leaves, flowers, and silver fruit. And silver trees have silver roots, silver branches, yellow fruit leaves. As for the glass tree, the roots, the glass branches; flowers, leaves, save cup. As for the birch tree, the roots and branches save the glass; flowers, glass leaves. As for the chain of the continent, the roots, the branch of the chain of the continent; flowers, onyx leaves. As for agate trees, onyx branch roots; flower, chained leaf. And the tree is far away, the roots and branches are far away; flowers and treasures. " “On the mountain top of Tu-di mountain, there is the three-tailed heavenly bow, seven rings of citadel, seven layers of railing, seven layers of net, seven layers of precious trees ... to countless birds singing together, it's the same. ."[ten] Under the agate net hung chained chained. Under the nets hung the spirit of the treasures. And the golden tree has golden roots, golden branches, leaves, flowers, and silver fruit. Silver trees have silver roots, silver branches, and yellow fruit leaves. As for the glass tree, the roots, the glass branches; flowers, leaves, save cup. As for the birch tree, the roots and branches save the glass; flowers, glass leaves. As for the chain of the continent, the roots, the branch of the chain; flowers, onyx leaves. As for agate trees, onyx branch roots; flower, chained leaf. And the tree is far away, the roots and branches are far away; flowers and treasures. " “On the mountain top of Tu-di mountain, there is the three-tailed heavenly bow, seven rings of citadel, seven layers of railing, seven layers of net, seven layers of precious trees ... to countless birds singing together, it's the same. ."[ten] Under the agate net hung chained chained. Under the nets hung spirit treasures. And the golden tree has golden roots, golden branches, leaves, flowers, and silver fruit. Silver trees have silver roots, silver branches, and yellow fruit leaves. As for the glass tree, the roots, the glass branches; flowers, leaves, save cup. As for the birch tree, the roots and branches save the glass; flowers, glass leaves. As for the chain of the continent, the roots, the branch of the chain; flowers, onyx leaves. As for agate trees, onyx branch roots; flower, chained leaf. And the tree is far away, the roots and branches are far away; flowers and treasures. " “On the mountain top of Tu-di mountain, there is the three-tailed heavenly bow, seven rings of citadel, seven layers of railing, seven layers of net, seven layers of precious trees ... to countless birds singing together, it's the same. ."[ten] glass branch; flowers, leaves, save cup. As for the birch tree, the roots and branches save the glass; flowers, glass leaves. As for the chain of the continent, the roots, the branch of the chain; flowers, onyx leaves. As for agate trees, onyx branch roots; flower, chained leaf. And the tree is far away, the roots and branches are far away; flowers and treasures. " “On the mountain top of Tu-di mountain, there is the three-tailed heavenly bow, seven rings of citadel, seven layers of railing, seven layers of net, seven layers of precious trees ... to countless birds singing together, it's the same. ."[ten] glass branch; flowers, leaves, save cup. As for the birch tree, the roots and branches save the glass; flowers, glass leaves. As for the chain of the continent, the roots, the branch of the chain; flowers, onyx leaves. As for agate trees, onyx branch roots; flower, chained leaf. And the tree is far away, the roots and branches are far away; flowers and treasures. " “On the mountain top of Tu-di mountain, there is the three-tailed heavenly bow, seven rings of citadel, seven layers of railing, seven layers of net, seven layers of precious trees ... to countless birds singing together, it's the same. ."[ten] The term commonly used for a series of planets is called the Milky Way, the Milky Way, which is in fact just a world unit that is commonly referred to in Dharma. Buddhist sutras say the world unit takes Mount Tu Di as the center, the temple revolves around Mount Tu Di. Someone said: "Mount Tu Di may be the black hole that astronomy has discovered." That black hole today we call the center of the universe, the center of the galactic system. The real sun is revolving around this point. The sun, moon, and stars are all around the middle of Tu-di mountain, illuminating the Four galaxies. Four major continents, each with two central continents and five hundred sub-continents, four major continents and eight central continents are inhabited, while two thousand minor continents are either inhabited or uninhabited. According to A-Bhikkhu-reaching-ma-sentence-commentary (Abhidharmakośabhāṣyam) of the Body (Vasubandhu), Mount Tu-di 80,000 by week. The exact size of a given week is unknown, but some estimates suggest it is about 24,000 feet (7,300 m), or about 4.5 miles (7.2 km), but other estimates suggest that it lies between 7–9 miles (11–14 km). It is also somewhat submerged 80,000 by weeks above the surrounding water surface. Mount Tu-di is often used as a metaphor of size and consistency in Buddhist scriptures. Mount Tu-di is said to be shaped like an hourglass, with the top and bottom having an area of ​​80,000 by the week, but narrow in the middle (at 40,000 by week) only 20,000 by weeks. 11] In the book "Le Bouddhisme au Cambodge" Adhémar Leclere says that Mount Tu di is 84,000 high by week, and the water depth is 84,000 due to the week. And the width above the water is also 84. 000 due to the week. On the top of Mount Tu di is the realm of Duc De Thich. [12] The formation of Mount Tu di according to the Sutras, the Tam Tai of Ahan said: “Because of what causes and conditions, there is Mount Tu-di? Because of a hurricane rebellion, this bubble should be blown to form Tu-di mountain, sixty-eighty-eight thousand do-week high, eighty-four thousand do-week and four treasures made up of: gold, silver, and water. Tinh, save ly. ”[13] II. Catur-dvipa Faculty ancient cosmology of Buddhism, and under cosmic India past four continents in the world Saha, the four directions around Mount Meru, in the universe (earth of ours) have 4 continents: , North Cu-Lu Chau (Uttara-kuru), Western Nguu-Hoa Chau (Godana ) and Dong Thang-Than Chau (Purva-Videha) and Nam Them-Bo Chau (Jambudvipa). These four continents are located around a great mountain, Tu-Di Son ( Menu, Sumeru ), with separate medical and chief newspapers. 1. North Sentence-Europe (Uttara-kura), also transcribed as Uất-sing-write. Because this continent is located in the north of Tu di mountain, it is called the Northern sentence of Chau. Kinh describes: "North of the mountain Tu-di has a galaxy named Uat-knitting-write. The square, horizontal territory is ten thousand do-weeks; The human face is also square, like the shape of the earth. ”[14] Northern Sentence-European (Uttara kuru, formerly known as North Uat-single-Vietnamese): Verse means victory, because the land of this realm is more victorious than the above three continents, so it is called the North Sentence-Europe The topography of this continent is square, like a square pond, so is the human face. In the four continents, the Northern Lottery is the richest and happiest continent. "Here is rich, extremely joyous, the people are crowded, they have no ego, no life of their own ." In Uat-single-write land, rice grows naturally, people often eat that kind of food. In addition to rice, there are also many precious plants, showing off all colors in the railing. They use the shirt to wear. In general, this realm is happy, enjoying sensual pleasures, so it is very difficult to cultivate. North Europe: no dependency, no self, long life. Karmic retribution in Bac Cau-Au is very victorious, happy with little suffering, but there is no Buddha, so it is one of the eight tribulations. In the daily Buddhist ceremony, we often hear: 'Touch of Tam Chau', which means that in the four continents, there are three continents who can practice, and the North of the cell is due to happiness, so the beings here are eager to enjoy and not practice, so they do not induce communication. The Buddha concludes that being born in the North is an accident, because there people only know indulging in things that do not lead the mind and often have to degrade. [15] 2. Dong Thang Than Chau (Purva-Videha) , also translated as Phất-ba- ped -da-subject, Pali: pubbavideha , Chau Thang body in the East. The Bible teaches: " East of Mount Tu-di has a galaxy named Phất-vu-treat; The territory was plump, horizontally nine thousand do-weeks. The human face is also round, like the shape of the earth. ” [16] Dong Thang Than Chau is also known as Bon La Phoc Vi Vi Ha, Phat Ba De, or Phất Vu Dai, one of the four great continents, this continent is in the Ham Hai sea, east of Tu Di mountain, a semicircle. East Europe: this continent is very wide, very large, very magical. This continent is called the continent of demon domination, with a half-moon shape, people on it also have a half-moon-shaped face. This continent has a circumference of 21,000 due to weeks, people in this realm have a better body, and live a long life to 600 years. [17] People in this continent have a winning body, so they call them Thang Than. People in this realm like to fight, fight for wealth, compete for business. The realm of Phap-vu-treat has a great life, named Gia-lam-ed, seven do-week, one hundred do-week, branches radiate from the four sides fifty do-weeks. 3. Western Nguu-Hoa Chau (Godana) , also known as Cu-da-ni, this continent is located in the west of Tu di mountain. “To the west of Tu-di mountain, there is a galaxy called Cau-da-ni, the terrain is like half a moon, eight thousand do-week wide; the human face too, like the earth. Beings here like to trade and trade, where buffalo and buffalo are used as an equal price to exchange goods. In Cu-da-ni, there is great wealth, extreme joy, and a large population. Western Niu Hua Chau or Western Continent, where cattle reproduced in large numbers and used as currency for trade and exchange, was named so. The continent is round and the people on it also have round faces. This continent has a circumference of 27,000 due to weeks, life expectancy to 500 years old. 4. Nam Thien Bo Chau or Nam Diem Phu (Jambudvipa) : Nam Them- Bo Chau (Jambu dvipa , formerly known as Nam Diem-fitting-subject): Them-set (Jambu) which is the translation of the sound of the linden tree . Chau took the name of this tree as the name of the continent. This is also the name of a continent in the salt water south of Mount Tu di, so it is called Nam. The old name was Nam Diem Phu De, the new name was changed to Nam Them Bo Chau. Match match means Thiệm, which is the name of a plant variety. Thread means Chau. In that continent, in the center, there is a tree like Them Bo. The reason for the name Match Match is because, Jambud (Jambud) Hibiscus tree, a plant that grows a lot in the realm of Thien Truc (ancient An India). Under the tree of the match, Prince Si Dat Ta sat in meditation for the first time after leaving the royal citadel for a walk. The realm of Pluto Realm, Nam Them Bo Chau, the realm we live in, is inferior to the other three realms, people have to work very hard to eat, so the Buddhist teachings advise that it is necessary to try to practice in order to escape soon. this realm. The people of the South of Matching are patient and enduring. Shakyamuni Buddha also often called the Buddha of the Ten Bodies, the Buddhas of the ten directions, praising the merits of the ineffable Shakyamuni Buddha: 'Shakyamuni Buddha has done the rare hard work, that is possible to live. Ta Ba realms in bad times, with five turbulent times: cloudy times, cloudy views, cloudy defilements, muddy sentient beings, cloudy births, and attain the Supreme Bodhi, Southern-friendly-set continents length, width is 10,000 due to week, realms of Asura, realms of three-decade-Thien Thien and Avīci realms together with multi-misery hell. All three realms are the same size as the Southern-friendly-set continent, meaning long, and wide by 10,000 weeks. [18] The terrain of this continent is like a barrel, and so is the human face. Kinh The Ky recorded: “The South of Tu-di mountain has a galaxy named Diem-fit-title, the southern land is narrow, the North is wide, wide, seven thousand do-week, human face too, like the picture of the land. . The people of this continent vigorously remember, create deeds, practice virtue, have Buddha's supremacy, these three are more victorious than the other three and the gods. According to Eitel in the Chinese Buddhist Dictionary, Nam Them Bo Chau includes the areas around Lake Anavatapta and Snow Mountain (that is, the realm we are in, the center of this continent has a matchstick tree. appears, and in this realm there are many monks. The special feature of the Southern-friendly-set continent is: Initially, the Southern-good-set continent was 10,000 in length and width because the week, sentient beings with good fortune and good conditions have ended, the blessings have been exhausted, then the water flooded 4000 due to week, the land that mankind lives on is only 3000 due to the mountain, the highest is Mount Hy Ma, the height is 500 weeks, the length is 3000 weeks, combined with 4000 mountain peaks, like the peak. Sudassana, ... there are 5 big rivers: Acitavatī River, Mahimahā River, Sarabhū River, Gaṅgā River, Yamunā River, there are 7 large lakes: Anotattā, Lake Kaṇṇamuṇḍa, Lake Rathakāra, Lake Kuṇāla, Lake Maṇḍākinī, Lake SīhapPāta, Lake Chaddanta. Each lake is 50 weeks long, wide and deep. If calculating the circumference, each tank gets 150 by week. In these seven lakes, Anotatta Lake is located between five mountains namely Sudassanakūtīa, Mount Cittakūtīa, Mount Kāḷakūtīa, Mount Gandhamādanakūtīa, Mount Kelāsakūtīa. III. Sun and moon movement around Mount Tu di According to the commentary on the Human and Realms of Theravada Buddhism ( Paramatthajotika mahā abhidhammamattha sangahatīkā) , the function between the sun and the moon around Mount Tu di and the four continents of the world is as follows: The northern face of Mount Tu-di has light formed by the shining gold of the North. The East side of Tu-di mountain has light formed by silver illuminating the East. The West side of Mount Tu-di has light formed by Western illuminating glass. The southern face of Tu-di mountain has light formed by the southern light-shining glass. The sun goes out is to start separating Mount Tu Di, towards Mount Cakkavāḷa . Going in means that after moving over to Mount Cakkavāḷa and then, the sun slowly moved back towards Mount Sineru. The departure of the sun and the moon is departed from the inner highway, that is, the road approaching with Mount Sineru , towards the middle road connecting with the outer highway, the road approaching with Cakkavāḷa mountain and in each road time it takes two month. Thus, the three routes take six months. The movement of the sun and moon is determined as follows: According to the inner road is July, August. According to the middle road is September and October. According to the highway is November and December. The passing of the sun and moon is like that. As for going in, starting from the outside, from January, February. To the middle road is March, April. To the inner road is May, June. full 1 year. When the sun and the moon move southward of Mount Tu Di, dispel darkness there, shine in all directions, as far as 9,000 weeks in each direction, and shine across all three continents. When the sun rises in East-win-god Chau, then in the North-sentence-save Chau is noon, West-Ox-Chau is afternoon. South-friendly-European is evening. When the sun rises in the South-friendly-Ministry of Europe, the East-win-god Chau is noon, in the North-sentence-save Europe is the afternoon, West-Ox-Chau is at night. When the sun rises in the North-sentence-save Europe, in the West-Ox-Chau is noon, in the South-friendly-European continent is the afternoon, East-wins-European is evening. When the sun rises in West-Ox-Chau-Chau, the South-friendly-European region is noon, East-wins-European is the afternoon, North-sentence-save is at night. When the Southern-friendly-European continent at noon, the East-won-god Chau will see the sun is about to set, only half of the circle remains, and the West-side of the European continent will see the sunrise has been halfway . The rest of the continent is similarly going, that is, when a continent of the sun stands, one is going to be dark and one is about to light. Light And Dark Four Chau In 1 Year The rotation of the sun, the moon follows the inner highway, the middle road and the outer highway around Mount Tu Di to illuminate the four continents. Sunlight cannot illuminate all four continents at the same time, the continents will alternately receive the light according to the sun's cycle around Tu Di Mountain. Because: Mount Tu Di is located between continents and shields the sunlight when the sun passes behind the mountain. Because of that cause, the four continents do not receive the light. Depending on the movement of the sun, directly facing the continent, the continent receives the light, the continent that gets the light of the mountain, will be dark, whichever lies in the highway that the sun is directed to will receive the light. All four continents alternately receive light and bear darkness according to the times. The light and dark of each continent are displayed every day as: Within a year, if there are 3 continents receiving light, one continent will be dark, and the continent falls in darkness for a period of five months, ie from May to September. During this 5-month period, Regardless of a continent, when the sun is about to stand, that is, at 11 o'clock, the opposite continent will bear dark, the continent in front is the dawn, and the continent behind is sunset. If two continents receive the light, the other two will be dark. The two continents are dark with a period of 2 months, April and October. In the middle of these two months, if any continent has the sun standing in the shadow, the opposite direction is at night, the first one is sunrise. in the background is sunset. If there is one continent that receives light, the other three continents will be dark, if we calculate the time, it will be about 5 months, from November to March. During this 5 months, if there is any continent that the sun stays at at 1 o'clock or 3 o'clock at noon the opposite direction will be 1 or 2 pm, the continent in the front is 4 or 5 o'clock, the continent in the back is 6 or 7 pm. [21] IV. Example of mountain Tu di in the classic In addition to the above sutras describing Mount Tu di and four continents, there are also some places where the Buddha also used the image of Mount Tu di to illustrate. The story tells that, in the Buddha's time in the world, among the disciples, there was a group of Six Pants, Monks, often praised food due to easy donations. One day, because he wanted to wake up those six monks, by the time they were standing on the riverbank, the Buddha taught Sun fake A Nan to bring his robes to wash. Sun fake A Nan obediently brought safflower into the river. But strangely enough, when you put the robe in the water, it did not sink, just floated. Ananda tried all kinds of ways, even pressed on top of the rock, but she still refused to sink. Seeing strange, Sun fake A Nan immediately asked Buddha why. Buddha taught: "Go get the rice seeds still stuck in the bowl to see stars". Ananda immediately went to get a grain of rice left in the bowl and put it on the robe, and the saffron fruit slowly sank into the water. The Six-fold group of monks, extremely surprised by this strange phenomenon, immediately asked the Buddha the cause. The Buddha replied: "Each grain of rice of the charitable giving is as heavy as Mount Tu Di. Therefore, if we receive offerings easily without practicing enlightenment, we will bear a debt… ”. From then on, these six monks no longer complimented on hiding their deliciousness. (The original text of this poem is: Buddha's consistency / Conservative practice of di paint / In fact non-religious / Bi-capo the perfect enlightenment.) [22] The Sutras, the Tam Tai, describes the three lives, the three calamities, the water and the wind, this seemingly indestructible high Mount Tu di also collapsed, destroyed, and vanished so the Buddha affirmed. : “All actions are impermanent, changed, corrupted, and can not be relied upon. The mortal dharma is very disgusting. Let's find the way of liberation through the world. " Everything that has the form, the false false hopes, the conditioned dhammas are impermanent, changed, nothing is fixed forever. In addition, the Ten goodness, the four Zen, the Bowl of Dinh transports sentient beings out of the four continents of the Nhon Dao (Southern region of the continent, North of the cell of Europe, the East of the God of Europe, the West of the Western Oxen Chau) to the heavenly realms called. is a divine power ( deva-yana ). Thus, the scriptures mentioned quite clearly about the mountain tu di and Tu Chau galaxy. This shows that the Buddhist cosmology is boundless. According to the concept of Mahayana Buddhism, in addition to Shakyamuni Buddha in Tara, there are countless numbers of Buddhas in other realms, with different medical and righteous reports. The Pāi Sutta, although adoring only one Shakyamuni Buddha, also mentions the Buddhas of the three generations, past present and future. Therefore, the Buddhist cosmology, whether Southern or Northern Bodhisattva, refers to the different realms. Nowadays, with the developed space sciences, humans have also found many other planets outside of the earth. Astronauts have also set foot on it to explore and research and they have discovered many planets with life. So, it's not something we don't see, don't know, it's not nonexistent.END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.19/3/2021.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.