About Bodhi Dao. On the day of the Buddha's enlightenment, we would like to give a brief outline of Bodhidharma in order to remember where Tzu Chi, after 49 days and nights of taking meditation, has become a righteous and enlightened being. Since then, 49 years later, he has been teaching dhamma, which has left mankind a great treasure of precious scriptures. Wind through the soul, warm east west The atmosphere echoes the beat of the beat The monsters hide their heads and roll the river water overflowing with the song Nine and ten directions converge the waves Ta Ba Ngoi to the sublime will of life o0o Numbness of the mind is fading away and drunk. human life Tens of thousands of suns back to the abode Falls ringing the stream of the past, And in the middle of the cold, freezing night Rain the rustling of the moonlight with Night animals stopped singing and dying dreams Is when He rang a laugh o0o Oh, the waves resounded wailing of flying stars Upwards to the source of the revolving sun's eyes. When thinking about the Buddha, as a Buddhist, no one does not remember the four important divine relics. It is the flower garden of Lumbini Nava, under the flower tree of Uu Uu, Kapilavastu (Kapilavastu) now in northern India of Nepal, where Prince Siddhartha Gautama was born. The second is Boddha Gaya, in Buddh Gaya, now in the state of Bihar, northern India, where the Buddha attained enlightenment. The third is Deer Park (Migadaya now called Sarnath of Utta Pradesh) (1), where the Buddha preached for the first time. The fourth is Verse Na (Kusinagara), where the Buddha entered Nirvana. On the day of the Buddha's enlightenment, we would like to give a brief outline of Bodhidharma in order to remember where Tzu Chi, after 49 days and nights of taking meditation, has become a righteous and enlightened being. Since then, 49 years later, he has been teaching dhamma, which has left mankind a great treasure of precious scriptures. What is Bodhgaya remaining today, its history like? 1- Bodhi Tree and Vajrayana On the way to worship the Buddhas, if you go from Mount Khong Hanh Lam (Dungsiri) a arid, arid mountain, hot as fire in the summer, You have to wade across the Ni Lien Thien River (Neranjara) to reach Bodh Gaya. Near the place of Bodh Gaya, there is a farm relic of Tu Sa Da (Sujata), who offered milk to Prince Si Dat Ta after he came from Khat Hanh Lam (2). Bodh Gaya has a large tower, behind this tower is a very large Bodhi tree, at the base of the tree there is a Vajrayana where the Prince sat in meditation for 49 days and nights until he was fully enlightened. Righteousness righteousness. According to historical records, this Bodhi tree has been felled three times since then, but it was healed after being cut from the base to sprout up and exist green, luxuriant branches to this day. The first time that was cut down was before King Ashoka (Asoka, enthroned in 273 BC, became king for 37 years) (3) did not devote himself to Buddhism. The second time, after the king developed his mind according to Buddhism, He often went to the Bodhi tree to commemorate the Buddha, and the queen was angry so he sent soldiers to cut down the Bodhi tree. The third time when Islamist invaders invaded India, they cut down Bodhi tree (4). Despite having gone through such devastation, the original Bodhi tree in the Buddha of enlightenment until now its branches are still green and green as his teachings are spreading throughout the five continents. 2- The small tower and the exposed Buddha statue East of the large tower is a small stupa built to commemorate the place where the Buddha came to say kind words to thank the Bodhi tree for shading him during the time. the time he took part in meditation until he became a Buddha. South of the large tower is another small tower commemorating the place where the Buddha had attained the four jhānas. To the right of the large tower is an open-air Buddha statue built in the middle of a lotus pond protected by tenuons. It is said that when he practiced meditation, a dragon shielded him from the rain to shield him from the sun (5). There is a statue of Avalokiteshvara on the eastern wall of the large tower. "Returning to the east of the great stupa, there are many Tibetans, both the Sangha and the customary, close their eyes, holding their hands in the direction of the statue of Avalokiteshvara carved into the citadel of the great stupa ... the statue of Duc Quan The original Avalokiteshvara no longer exists, later Tibetans make this statue for worship and they believe that if something is prayed for accomplishment, then close their eyes to the right front of the statue. There is some force that leads me out of the statue. " I suddenly felt like I was rushed in. Everyone feels the same way. But indeed the Buddha's teachings are miraculous. Without these miraculous spirits, the demon king and the pagans would have destroyed this place ... '' (6). Especially where this important Holy Land is non-Buddhist, many Buddhists from all over the world come to worship them. As for the local Hindus, they always want to take advantage of the devotion of the Saints of the cross-country visitors and plotted to their advantage. 3- The great tower of Bodhi Dao Trang relic has a history since the Buddha's enlightenment in this place. Although the Bodhi tree was cut three times, it still exists continuously to this day, so it is somewhat understandable. As for the great tower, it is difficult to determine the time of construction and was destroyed and rebuilt many times, so it is difficult to determine its form and height accurately. King Ashoka came here to worship many times, His worship is engraved on a stele to commemorate, still kept at Sanchi (7). The first great stupa was most likely erected by King Ashoka, but due to lack of inscriptions for verification, it cannot be confirmed. However, even though King Ashoka built the first great tower, unfortunately that original tower is no longer present, the current tower is only rebuilt later. To understand the history of the great stupa, we must rely on the records of Mr. Phap Hien and Mr. Huyen Trang for easy assessment. Based on these documents, it can be sure that the current great stupa was built around the second century AD. In 409, Phap Hien visited Bodh Gaya, in his memoirs he wrote: "On the spot of the enlightened Buddha there were three stupas and many monks practicing. The surrounding people's family offered food and clothes. very complete without missing anything. These statues are all silver and are 3 meters high. At the current tower, King A Duc initially set up a small temple, later a Brahmin person repeated another much larger temple. (9) '' The tower that Mr. Huyen Trang described is the current one, undoubtedly, even though it has been repaired and changed ". (10) Historically, Sri Lankan Buddhism is related to Bodh Gaya since King Ashoka sent Venerable Sanghamitta to bring Bodhi branch to Ceylon.In 330, King Meghavana established a temple in Bodh Gaya for Ceylon monks to have a place to study. 1079 Burmese Buddhists contributed to the reconstruction of the tower and surrounding walls, and in 1298 the Burmese Buddhists repaired once again. In the village of Janibigha in Bihar land found a stele dated 1202 of a Sri Lankan bhikkhu named Manalaswami managing the village to take care of the restoration and ceremony of the Vajra Seat at Bodh Gaya. According to the above documents, it is found that at least until the 13th century AD the Bodhidharma calendar was governed by Sri Lankan and Indian Buddhists. After the Muslim invasion of India, they slaughtered Buddhist monks and nuns, burned temples and these relic Buddhist relics were left unattended until Mr. Mahant (of Hinduism) arrived. at this place. In 1812, the famous archaeologist, Dr. Buchannan Hamilton, visited Bodh Gaya, he saw that the great stupa was in ruins for a long time. Thus shows that Mr. Mahant did not pay attention to repairing this tower. After that, there were many Buddhist opinions and aspirations to hand over this Buddha relic to the Buddhist management but were not met by the British and Indian governments at that time ... Until 1891, Anagarika Dharmapala. blamed himself for reclaiming Bodh Gaya from Hinduism. Because they only keep the Relics for the purpose of benefiting through the offerings of the Tanh, and have no intention of repairing or respectfully. After observing this relic, Dharmapala on January 21, 1891 recorded in his diary: `` I went to Buddhagaya with Mr. Durga Bahu and Dr. Chetteijee to Buddhagaya, the most venerable place of Buddhists. After traveling about 6 miles, we arrived at the relic. For about a mile, we saw statues of Duc Tu Fathers rolling around and around. At Mr. Mahant's temple, on both sides of the door, there are statues of the Buddha, meditating or giving a sermon. Oh ! Respect how this precious tower! The Buddha sat on the court and the pervasive solemnity made the Buddhists cry. Oh how happy! When my glow touched the Vajra Seat, an idea arose and hit me hard on my mind. That notion told me to stop here and keep in the midst of this venerable relic, to be as dignified as nothing in this world can ever compare, because this is the place where under Bodhidharma the Prince of Dharma attained enlightenment. I picked up a few very special leaf tips and a blade of grass. When an idea suddenly came to me, I asked if the Japanese monk named Kozen would be willing to stay with us? This person was pleased and more than that this person also thought like me. We both solemnly swear to stay here until a few monks come to overse this Holy Relic '' (January 22, 1891). Dharmapala, after returning to Ceylon, on June 31, 1891 held a Buddhist congress presided over by Sumangala, during this meeting the Maha Bodhi assembly was established with the purpose of regaining Bodhi. Daoism and spreading Dharma in India. Venerable Sumangala is the president, Venerable Dharmapala is the chief secretary of the association. After two lawsuits to reclaim this relic for Buddhists, failed because Dharmapala did not have enough money and power, so he lost the lawsuit. However, he used the media and the press to mobilize public opinion for support. Therefore, the Indian masses and Buddhists at home and abroad know through the press and they all support the work of reclaiming the Relic. Due to the aforementioned influences, this issue was discussed at the Indian National Congress meeting in Gaya, Belgaon, Coconada and elsewhere. The Congress Party formed a committee to handle this work whereby the Buddhists sent representatives and the Hindus also sent representatives to the management committee of the relic, but it was unsuccessful because the Hindu side was against the problem. judgment. It was not until after India's independence from the British, the Indian government directly intervened and delegated authority over the relic to a committee of 11 people, 5 Hindus (among these were him). Mahant) and five Buddhists, a committee chairman nominated by the Indian government to oversee the relic. Since then until now, this relic has been repaired by Buddhists. In addition, the Indian government also called on Buddhists from other countries to set up pagodas in the Holy Relic area to facilitate recitation for monks and nuns and to have temporary shelter for devotees to worship. (11) 4- Foreign pagodas at Bodh Gaya Around the Bo De Dao Trang area, there are temples of the following countries: Burmese pagoda, built about 50 years ago. Is the temple built sketchy, perhaps affecting the Burmese way of thinking that simplifies all matters? ... Chinese pagoda is hungry Bo De Dao Trang to the east. Japanese Buddhism has two temples in this area. The large-scale pagoda has modern Japanese-style architecture. In addition to the large and solemn main hall, there is also the monastic hall, inn, street boy ... which looks very majestic ... The pagoda of Butane country is very big, even though they are a small country. Buddhism is the state religion in this country in the Himalayas. An Indian temple under construction (it was in 1988) do not know if this time is completed yet? Because the construction work looks so weak! There are also other pagodas such as the Nepali temple, the very large Thai temple, the Sikkim temple and so on. On the Tibetan side they have two temples, both of which have remarkable frescoes. A temple belonging to the Geluppas sect is commonly known as the Golden Hat sect. In the temple there is a huge fresco of the wheel of dharma, the colorful complexity and color symbolizing the chaos of samsara life, the path to liberation life and sermon images, Lecture ... The painting is a scientific work, arranged and illustrated by the geometric method very clear, clear and full of its profound meaning. To describe the three poisons are greed, hatred and delusion, in the wheel axis are drawn a chicken, a snake and a pig. These three animals bite each other's tails into a continuous circle. To describe karma, the circle around the axis divides into black and white. Black represents negative karma and white represents good things ... To describe the 12 conditions, the rim is divided into 12 segments as follows: A blind woman represents Avijja. The person stuffing the clay represents the Samkhara. The ape is holding a chair, the pot indicates to Consciousness (Vijnana). He is in a boat indicating Namarupa. A house with 6 windows symbolizing the salayatana. Couple hugging just for Phasso. A person is pulling an arrow into the eye pointing to Tho (vedana). A constant alcoholic just for Ai (tanha). A monkey is picking fruit for upadana only. Huu (bhava) ... Sanh (jati) is an image of sex work. An old man walking on his cane is old (jara) and some carrying dead zombies and burying only for Death (marana), which is also a description of the continuation of the next life in the profession. There is also a picture of a creepy monster (only for the demon king), clutching the entire wheel in his teeth and spinning the wheel with its legs and arms. The final image is Shakyamuni Buddha standing upright, high and far, in the left corner, the side with his hand pointing to the demon king and the wheel. (12) The above images give us profound impressions of our lives. samsara, the downfall of samsara, makes us boring and terrified, but bravely generate the mind for liberation from the cycle of samsara. 5- Vietnam Buddhist Temple Vietnamese pagoda is named Vietnam Buddha Quoc Tu. The pagoda was established in an area about two acres west, about 15 minutes walk from the Holy Tich. Starting construction in 1987, by December 1988, a 3-storey monastery, 50 meters in length, had 30 double rooms for pilgrims who wanted to stay during the worship of the Holy Relic. Rooms are fully equipped with modern amenities like a mid-range hotel in New Delhi. The pagoda is mobilizing to build the main hall, the library, the exposed statue of Duc Quan Am ... Above is a great Buddhist work not led by monks and nuns but by some Buddhists. responsibility for work. Which must be mentioned is the merits of Professor Dr. Lam China (ie teacher Huyen Dieu). If anyone has the opportunity to visit this Tich Buddha, please do not forget the Vietnamese temple on Buddha land. As we all know after the Buddha became the righteous and righteous being at the Bodhi tree in Bodhgaya, he went to Deer Park to give the first sermon to the 5th degree of Kieu Tran Nhu brothers. Below is a summary of the first sermon the Buddha gave at Deer Park garden. 6 - The first sutta: Dharmmacakkapavattana Sutta From Bodh Gaya to Deer Day Garden (Miga Daya) belonging to Ba La Nai city (Old Bénarès called Vârânasi), a long distance of over 300 kilometers that Germany Buddha came here personally because 5 fellow initiates from the past day gave them teachings. Duc The Ton called 5 brothers Kieu Tran Nhu to teach: "Monks have two outrageous things, monastics should not follow. One is indulgence in lust, hypnosis, unworthy of holy virtue, no. Dao benefits The second is ascetic practice, suffering, not worthy of holy virtue, no loss of Dao. It is by renouncing these two extremes, the Tathagata enlightens the middle way, the path that brings the wisdom eye to peace, wisdom, and enlightenment of Nirvana ... '' (13) The middle way The Tathagata preached it as the Eightfold Path (ariyoatthangikomaggo): Right Understanding (samma-ditthi) Right Thought (samma-sankappa) Right Speech (samma-mavaca) Right Karma (samma-kammanta) Right Livelihood (samma- vajiva) Right Effort (samma-vayama) Righteous Mindfulness (samma-sati) Right Concentration (samma-samadhi). The Buddha taught the Four Noble Truths (aryasacca): Suffering (duhkha-aryasatya) Practicing (samudya) Destroying (nirdha) Dao (marga), as follows: What is Noble Truth? That is the appearances of suffering: '' Birth means suffering, old age is suffering, sickness is suffering, death is suffering, hatred is suffering, loving separation is suffering, praying not being misery, in short 5 Aggregates (form, feeling, perception, formations, consciousness), grasping is suffering '. Next, What is the Noble Truth? That is the cause of suffering. The Buddha taught: "It is Ai that leads to Huu, corresponding to joy and desire, to seek pleasures here and there, which is sensual love, birth and non-birth." What is the Noble Truth of Cessation? "It is cessation, celibacy, renunciation, detachment, liberation, self-indulgence with love". The Buddha taught us to eradicate the causes of bounded suffering that make our mind obscured by ignorance, the light of wisdom cannot shine ... Method to eradicate the roots of suffering. that is the Noble Truth. This Noble Truth is the Eightfold Path, also known as the path or method that guides us to eliminate the above suffering and the causes of suffering. That is the Eightfold Path: Right Tri View, Right Thought, Right Speech, Right Karma, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, Right Concentration. These are dhammas that no one has ever preached before. After the Tathagata preached like that, the five monks happily praised the Blessed One. Kondanna (Kieu Tran Nhu) realizes that the eyes are pure, not construed, and realizes that: `` The dharma s are all things that must be destroyed. '' (14) 7- Memory Around the relic and finished meditating on the First Sutras, now in my mind I still hear the golden words that Duc Tu Fathers taught. Oh ! heal instead! Forever attached to the Bodhi tree for thousands of years, it is still spreading more and more gentle green branches to shade people. Oh ! Remembering the great stupa, peaceful peaceful scenery and dear temples and pagodas: Since the year I came to this pagoda, My heart has come to the realm of the world, The verse is like the sounds of a flower in the heart of a cloud ..END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.14/3/2021.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.