Sunday, March 15, 2020

Chapter 1
GENERAL AWARENESS
I ORIGIN.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.
Buddhist sutras are a set of texts that record the last teachings of the Buddha, the most representative, the most quintessential teachings. So this sutta is considered basic and necessary for renunciants.
The Sutras appeared in China during the reign of Yuyin (384-417), a sutta compiled by Lord Ciu Ma La. Based on that translation, many researchers and commentaries on this sutta make the Sutta Buddhism more abundant and more profound, such treatises as: The Sutta Pitaka, the Sutta Dharma Residence, Teachings of Buddhist Abhidharma, Buddhist Religion Mahāyāna Sutta Commentary, Buddhist Religion Sutra ... (Translate the teachings of Buddha, Tri Quang).
The context of discourse is in Sa Pa Song Tho forest, before Buddha entered Nirvana. Chinese Buddhist scholars classify this Sūtra as a system of Nirvana Sutras, including the Theravada and Mahayana sutras, which speak of the state of the Buddha at the time of the passing of Nirvana and the teachings of Nirvana. Sir (LSPGTH, Thanh Kiem)
The Nikàya and Aham traditions have 2 suttas: The Sutta school has the Great Nirvana Sutra, the Ahāna Sutta has the Travel Journey. Both of these suttas are the same (when quoting the Mahayana sutras are sufficient). The Sutta records the end of Buddha's journey around the time (6 to 10) months before he entered Nirvana. The journey starts from Wang Xa citadel to Kusinara.
The Mahayana tradition also has many sutras, but the most typical is the Great Bat Nirvana Sutta, 40 volumes translated by Mr. Dam Vo Thunder (this name has the same name as the Sutta school). The content of the "permanent legal body" is philosophical in nature.
In order for the study to be easy, we do not discuss the "permanent dharmakaya" view of the Mahayana Mahayana system.
II Relate the Buddhist Sutra with the Sutta of the Great Eightfold Path
After reading the two Great Nirvana Sutras and the Travel Tripitaka in the Sutta School and the Aham School, in comparison with this Sutta text, some comments can be drawn as follows:
  1. Formally
    2. The Great Sutta of Nirvana and the Travel Sutra are of the narrative and narrative style. Recount the last trip the Buddha went from Wang Xa to Kusinara, passing from 14 to 17 different places. Through each locality the Buddha and the masses stopped to rest for a while, every place the Buddha taught the law of birth, those times were recorded.
    The translated Sūtra, in the form of a literary work, is systematically organized to systematize the teachings of the Buddha into a sermon from beginning to end and right at the time when Buddha was about to enter Nirvana.
  2. In terms of content layout
    3. The Travel Sutta and the Great Nirvana Sutta present content that stretches along the path that Buddha and the masses followed, what happened, and what was preached were recorded, until the time when Buddha entered Nirvana. at Sa La Song Tho forest.
    The doctrine emphasized and repeated by the Buddha is the practice of practicing ơi # 273; wisdom. The teachings are determined by the Buddha that it is the content of enlightenment, teaching and propagation as 37 assistant products. Some of the teachings are inherited 3 times over 3 different times during the last journey.
    The Sutta text presents a very coherent and systematic content layout, that is, conveys what the Buddha taught in the Journey to the Journey and the Great Parinibbāna texts into a clear text, thought, or less than the two scriptures on some issues. The content is presented sequentially About - Dinh - Tue and the last words of encouragement for practice.
  3. The same points
a) The practice of About Tue Tue
In the Journey to the Path and the Great Eightfold Path, the Dharma Precepts of Wisdom, which were repeated by the Buddha from the beginning to the end of the sutta eight times, shows that the Precepts of Wisdom is what is needed for theory, which is the essence of practice: "This is Precept, This is Concentration, this is Wisdom. Concentration of co-ordination with Precepts will lead to great results, great benefits. Concomitant practice with Wisdom will lead to complete liberation of contraband or illicit sex, smuggled property, and illicit ignorance "(in particular).
The Sutta Pitaka also presents the About Tue practice but is more detailed and verbose.
b) Exhortation words
-Define the Dharma Precept as Teacher sutta II, T. 663).
Buddhist Buddhist Sutra teaches: "bhikkhus, after Tathagata's death, you must respect the pure precepts ... must know the pure precepts is your great master. If Tathagata exists in life, it is not What else is the same world "(Tri Quang translation).
-The last teaching: In the Great Nirvana Sutta, the Buddha teaches: "Monks, now I teach you: compounded phenomena are impermanent, be diligent and don't be distracted" (ibid.).
Buddhist Buddhist scriptures teach: "O bhikkhus, often single-mindedly endeavor to demand the wisdom of liberation, the whole universe is volatile or non-volatile, the state of insecurity and disintegration (impermanence)" (Tri Quang translation).
c) Encouraging words
The Buddha Sutta says: "If you have any doubts or doubts about Dharma, Sangha, path or method, please ask. Masters present in front of us but we do not personally ask the Blessed One "(ibid.). Afterwards, the audience stated that there was no question.
Buddhist Sutta The Buddha teaches: "Monks, for the four truths you still have doubts, you can question immediately without suspicion without asking for answers" (ibid). After that the masses did not wonder.
Through the above relations, we can conclude that the relationship between the two Great Nirvana Sutras and the Journey to the Religion has a close relationship. It can be said that the Buddhist Sutta has summarized the content of the two sutras. Of course the Buddhist Religion is written later.
III General content of the Dietic Sutta
Content of Buddhist Relics is built in the sequence of Gender, Dinh, Tue. The Gender section is most talked about, more than half of it is for Gender. This is the basic part of the sutta which is also the basis of samadhi, liberation.
  1. Study
    2. The importance of the precepts is determined from the beginning of the sutta that "It is necessary to know that the pure precept is the great master of the masters, if the Tathagata is present in life, it is no different from that". Such assertion is to promote the role of the precepts, but it is easy to mislead the absolute value of gender, so there are practitioners who only practice the precepts and grasp the precepts as immutable principles. .
    The SEDB says a little more clearly: "This Dharma and the law I have taught and presented ..." cover both the teaching and the precepts, which are the refuge for them as bhikkhus after the Buddha's death.
    Some people regard gender as a dependency of meditation and wisdom. Actually virtue is the basis for meditation and wisdom. The relationship of these 3 parts cannot be separated. Morality is not only the practice of the rules within the duty but also elaborately refining, controlling, preventing and eliminating mental defilements. Thereby facilitating meditation to be stable, intellectual development is easy.
    Morality is a part of concentration and wisdom. Therefore should understand the sutta in the Sutta teachings through the three components of the eightfold Path: right speech, right action, right livelihood. So the virtue is not only effective within the individual but also creates a social impact.
    On that basis, the sectarian part of the sutras in addition to the prescribed ones of the duty, there are additional parts: tame the senses, tame the mind, eat and drink, practice virtue, patience. , modest, not flattering, ignorant, contentious and happy living alone. These qualities are also found in the Sūtra and the Great Nirvana Sutra.
  2. Studying
As mentioned above, the precepts are the foundation, without unhappiness, unwholesome behavior, psychological insecurity, and the mind are not ready to practice meditation. We should not understand meditation as the discipline of a sect, the noun Zen Buddhism easily causes such misconceptions. Meditation is the practice path of Buddhism, without meditation all disciplines are deadlocked, meditation is the backbone of Buddhism.
Our mentality is always affected by the sensory and mental objects. The greed, anger, delusion, fear, sorrow ... make our hearts disturbed and insecure. Concentration is to make the mind not disturbed, scattered. Calm mind is lucid, so more clearly see the nature of life, like still water reflecting new objects, Buddhist Buddhist scriptures teach: "Concentrate the mind will stay in meditation. The mind in meditation can comprehend the changing state of the universe "(Tri Quang translation). By meditating on the activities of emotions (lovelorn, lustful) calming, the psychological escape of inhibition of feelings and thoughts, the ego-habit is transformed, the sharper the mind, the more the mind peaceful . Without meditation there is no wisdom, and it is also difficult to keep the precepts.
The part of the Sutta teaching has 3 periods: part 1 explains the diligent conduct, part 2 talks about the merit of mindfulness and section 3 talks about the merit of meditation. So in line with the 3 parts of the eightfold Path: Right Effort, Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration. Effort in the meditation part is the effort to maintain the peace of mind in the dharma that leads to the concentration of mindfulness as the basis for concentration. The Buddha taught "We need diligently, diligently not laziness. We dwell in mindfulness, have no disturbance, our bodies are despised, we have no agitation, our mind is concentrated calmly" (Central Sutta I, T. 53) ). Effort is the maintenance of the mind, preparing the mind in a state of being ready to concentrate on concentration.
  1. Tue
Intellect is also right understanding, right thought, both cause and effect of virtue and meditation. There are precepts that are due to wisdom, but the level of wisdom that has not yet reached the fullness can end to the contraband, or is also due to the higher level of wisdom.
When the mind of all the defilements of the mind is calm, the mind becomes homogeneous, the need is easy to use, so the mind towards any object perceives the essence of that object. The Buddha taught: "With the mind of concentration, pure, uninfected, meek, easy to use, solid, calm like that, we lead the mind to the full network of intelligent, intelligent, intelligent, smuggled take advantage" (Central Business I. I. 56).
Wisdom from the Buddhist point of view differs from the conventional notion, that wisdom is the knowing of eradicating defilements, pollution, and the effect of wisdom is that it is like a sword cutting off a bound string. There are high-educated people, great status, great intellectuals but not necessarily intellectual as people often say higher degrees are not necessarily cultural. In Buddhist scriptures the Buddha teaches: "Monks, intellectuals, then passion," the knowing that all are passionate about Buddhism is called wisdom or willow tri - ultimate knowledge.
Kinh Di Giao has two periods of wisdom. The first part talks about the merit of intellectual achievement and Part 2 talks about the merit and not comment No argument means not passionate about argument, attaching importance to the theory, doctrine, fancy myth, superficially with intelligence, but inside is empty; Argument disturbs consciousness. So no reasoning is put into the group of wisdom is reasonable. Wisdom in the eightfold path is right understanding, right thought. Right view is equivalent to section 1, chief thinking is equivalent to not arguing in section 2.
4) Last words of encouragement and advice
Including the last 6 periods, record the teachings to encourage the spirit of mass practice. The path of truth is already there, the master instructor also has, the rest is the practice part of the disciple who tries to practice or not.
The Buddha allowed the masses to present their doubts about the Dharma, so that later on they will not regret it but the public will have no doubt about the Dharma and express their firm beliefs.
The Buddha advised his disciples not to be sad, what to do He did, those who were worthy of his salvation, the disciples should continue to be the same direction that the master had planned, the dharma body of Tathagata will permanently reside everlasting.
IV CONCLUSION
The entire system of Buddhist teachings is aimed at liberation. The Buddha taught: "The water in the four seas has only one taste, which is salty. Throughout the life of the Buddha, the activity did not stop just to fulfill the goal of liberating human suffering.
The method of achieving this goal of suffering from suffering is taught clearly and consistently by the Buddha: Gender, Concentration, Wisdom. This is unquestionable, whether it has been done in detail or in all the Mahayana and Mahayana texts. The problem is how the presentation is presented, emphasizing any aspect.
Regarding the Buddhist canon, the Precepts of Tue are taught in the context of the Buddha going to enter Nirvana, creating a deep impression on the reader. The last teaching of a guru is always essential, although the words are simple but the words of the heart of a person's life. So it has a great psychological effect.
The Buddhist Sutras take the gender part very seriously, so it details. So there are people for this business is the law of the beginner. It was a rushed look. The commentator The Body in the Diocese of Buddhism commented that the Buddhist teaching is the means of the Bodhisattva:
"This thesis also elaborates and explains the meaning of Buddhist scriptures so that the Bodhisattvas will know the means of Buddhism. Knowing that means of Buddhism, the Buddha method will forever eradicate divine faults and accomplish self-forgiveness." (Tri Quang translation }.
And the Buddhist sutras, a great sutras of Mahayana, consider the peaceful bliss to be the Bodhisattva's conduct, the content of peaceful bliss is no different from the precepts of the Di Giao sutra. So we have to know the effect of the Sutras is tremendous.
CHAPTER II
ECONOMIC CONTENT OF EDUCATION
A. Preamble of the Sutta Pitaka
A few brief words but the introduction generalized the life of the Buddha from the first sermon at the Deer Park garden to 5 Kieu Tran Nhu brothers, until the last sermon for the Buddha. Then teach the instructions to the disciple under the tree of Sa La in the last breath. That image through the opening words speak of the great profit-generating missionary career of a master.
The opening words mở # 273; The first is:
1. General introduction of the sermon life of the Buddha's birth from beginning to end. Appreciate the task of giving birth, which emphasizes the positive side and the benefits that Buddha has devoted to life. Often when introducing the Buddha, people often start when he is born, grow up to become a monk. learn ... until passing away. But here we want to emphasize more fertility.
2. The life of his birth, his vow to come here as full business as often say: Self-awareness, enlightenment, enlightenment fullness. But what needs to be done is that those who can be customized have all. This also speaks of the perfection, the magic of the Dharma, thus achieving great results.
3. The teachings that are about to be said are the essential things of the Dharma. The Buddha Dharma taught throughout life is so vast it is difficult to comprehend it. Finally, when he was about to enter Nirvana, he summarized the most essential core for the disciples to cultivate in, from being lost to wandering.
B. LEARNING
I IDENTIFY THE LAW IS THE MASTER
From "The Bhikkhu-stilts ... immortal try fake" The text clearly says that after the Buddha's extinction, you must respect the pure glass world, like the blind who have bright eyes, must preserve that eye, as the poor who have gold and jade must protect it, verbatim. Be aware that the pure precept is the great teacher just like the Buddha in the world.
In the same way the monk also says the same about the value of gender:
"About as the sea
no edge
like a jewel
pray all the time "
and:
"Tathagata was clever
Speak out of sutras
Tathagata again clever
Speak out about dharma
Oil that Tathagata
Enter Nirvana
Please watch

To respect the precepts means to respect the path to liberation, because precepts are the basis for wisdom. It also means respecting the good and good, manifesting the Buddhist mind because of the characteristic of the Dharma is to be capable of being upward.
Finally, respect the rules. To regard the precepts as Buddha is to express responsibility for the survival of the Buddha Dharma, as the sutta teaches:
"The sutras exist
long lasting in life
then the dharma of Buddha

II TYPICAL GENDERS
The word "Keep the precepts ... should not be hoarded"
1- This paragraph raises some typical but very specific precepts - These precepts are consistent with some of the precepts in the duty and some in the sutras.
Of the 30 precepts of the Bhikkhu ordination, the 19th world says: "If a bhikkhu exchanged for money and treasures, then he would be rewarded with three slaps". About 20 say: "If a bhikkhu buys and sells everything expensive, then he will be slapped on three problems" (Bhikkhu on Tri Quang translation). The world that is equivalent to the Buddha's teachings in this passage: "The teachers can not be traded, bartered, prepared've鴠home, feed the servants and animals, take care of the cultivation and trading financial security."
Of the 90 precepts, the third precept says: "If a bhikkhu digs his own hand or tells the digger, he commits a problem." The 11th precept says: "If a bhikkhu cuts down trees, he commits three problems." The Sutta text is more succinct: "Including cutting down trees and digging land"
Things like: "making preparations, observing  astronomy, guessing the weather, calculating calendars ... not attending the events, 뮨  communication missions, spells, elixir, good relationship ..." . "are all in the precepts as Article 18 of the 24 majesty, the 29th precepts of the Bodhisattva precepts.
2. This paragraph presents some of the precepts, though not enough as the precepts, but it is very clear that gender is set according to the gender formula in the eightfold Path: right speech, right action, right livelihood. 
a) Right speech: language is true, that is not sleep,場swine HT Quang Tri, then: "I dwell immoral and wrong speech under evil people. Ta languages immoral is voodoo as read uncle arts. Ta ties with evil people are communicating with nobility, so speak to them in a lowly, friendly way with them and talk to others arrogantly (Tri Quang prize).
b) Right action: Righteous action, on the contrary, is evil action, including abstaining from the body, eating on time, living by a clean life, not attending the world, and receiving the mission of contact ...
c) Right Livelihood: a true means of livelihood, which is evil, includes: "trading, bartering, repairing land, raising servants and servants, taking care of planting, trading in gold and silver, cashew making medicine, considering fortune telling, watching astronomy, guessing the weather, calculating the digital calendar are all inappropriate.
Thus, gender is presented as the conditions to ensure ethical behavior including behavior of language, means of living, preventing the body and speech from going into the wrong path and sin. On the other hand prevent secular renunciation cases. That is to express the spirit of the deity and the manifestation of the monk as the Buddha often taught: "To live with subjugation of the precepts, full of majesty and virtue, to be afraid of errors little. " (Central Business III).
III EFFECTS OF GENDER
From: "It is Tathagata in brief ... shelter for all merit." Explain the effect of gender 3:
first). Precepts leading to liberation: "The precepts are righteous with the basis of liberation, so the Tathagata is called Ba-La-De-Moc-Xoa. Thanks to the precepts, meditation and wisdom have the power to destroy suffering." .
Ba-la-title-carpentry-a noun to call the precepts, translated as special liberation. The effect of gender is liberation, eliminating the unwholesome body and mind. The source of suffering is the attachment of disturbing emotions. Gender is the suspension of bad karma should work to lead to liberation. On the other hand, the world that produces meditation and wisdom has the power to destroy suffering. So when a person who observes the precepts feels confined, produces many afflictions, does not relax in peace, he must review the content and method of practice. Precepts always lead to peace of mind.
2). About maintaining good faith: "Whoever holds the precepts, he has good dharma" has another definition of good karma. Doing good is a form of observance. Moreover, when suspending evil, preventing evil implies good effects. Psychologically when initiating the mind does not do evil, it means that the mind is moving towards the good, the unborn good will be born, the friendly dharma will be born to grow. The good dhamma includes the notion of direction and behavior, language leading to peaceful benefits.
3) About merit achievement: "Without the precepts, all the merits cannot arise". The merit here means the fruits of the practice. Those achievements include levels of meditation, such as first meditation, to the passing of vedanā, or vipassana
The basic word is that the path of practice is established, but the precepts not only comply with the precepts but also include the elaborate practice, the control of mental defilements, the achievement of merit as a practitioner. complied with the next step. The numerical accounting of Maudgalyāyana (Trung Ahàm 144) and the Ganaka Moggallana (Central Sutta 107) offers the following path of practice:
a) Monks uphold the moral precepts, live in subjection to the subjugation of the precepts, have the majesty of righteous conduct, see the danger in small faults, and maintain and study the moral precepts.
b) Bhikkhu on stilts upholding the faculties, when the eye sees that the rupa does not hold its own general, does not hold the general, what causes craving and compassion to arise then tame the eradication, Huong ... too.
c) Bhikkhu moderate in eating, righteous observation to eat not to have fun, passion, jewelry for the body but only to avoid harm to the body, to preserve the virtue ...
d) Monks are trained to pay attention to vigilance both day and night, in actions that cleanse the mind of the Dharma obstacles.
e) Monks are trained in mindful awareness in every movement of the body when walking to sit down ... are aware of what they are doing.
g) Monks are trained to meditate in a secluded place, cross-legged, hold an image in front of them, cleanse the mind from the five hindrances ... preliminary meditation until the four meditation ...
In 6 traditional steps known as the path of practice, the first four steps are considered as the precepts, from which the merit arises is meditation and wisdom.
IV MODE OF SENSES
The word "bhikkhus who have stayed in the pure world ... destroyed them all" This is the second step in the path of the cultivation practice that the Buddha taught, called the maintenance of the bases. Maintaining and protecting the senses is the sense organs, that is, do not let the five senses be led by its objects. The text teaches: "already in the pure world, you have to tame the five senses". So keeping the precepts with tame the senses is one. The object of 5 senses has 5 things: beauty, sound, aroma, taste and mellow sensation. These are attractive objects called 5 sensual pleasures, which satisfy the senses' sensual pleasures, which is what sentient beings seek. Once you've craved for sensual pleasure, then your mind is no longer yours, it depends on the habit of enjoyment, it is difficult to take a step up.
Preserving the precepts and letting the five senses freely follow the ceiling of the world, the ability to observe the precepts is very fragile, and the mind does not stop at the range of sensual enjoyment, but also leads to countless sins and actions. extremely, it is difficult to stop, for example, an aggressive horse without a bridle is very dangerous. Maintaining the bases in the Nikaya Sutta is quite clear: "When the eye sees the rupa which does not hold its own state, does not hold the common sense, what causes the craving and compassion to arise and overcomes the cause? So is the object of silence, taste, touch as well ".
The text gives an example to preserve the senses such as "Like a herder holding a stick and taking care not to allow (the buffalo) to be unlucky in his cheeks." The image in this example is very good, preserving the senses such as a buffalo herder, that high alertness makes the senses gradually calm. This example may have inspired meditators to compose 10 famous buffalo paintings later.
With the vigilant way of preserving such senses, the senses will mature without having the opportunity to freely chase after sensual objects. If there is a time of distraction, then with that blessing, the senses will return to serenity without being lost for a long time, as the text says: "Assuming there are 5 senses, then we will see them soon. destroy all ".
This second step is very important, practice stopping the habitual nature or phenomenon. First of all the posture of sacrificing ritual then gradually enters the inner consciousness. The renunciant will have a stable style, strong spirit, and strength of mind. Therefore the effect of gender is more profound. The monk who goes to his ultimate goal has no other way than to uphold the senses. Buddha taught clearly in the Dhammapada:
360 "Healing instead of eye protection
Heal instead of ear protection
Protecting the nose
Healing instead of tongue protection "
361 "Protecting your body instead
Protected words instead of protection
Protestant households instead of protection
Heal instead of all protection
Bhikkhu room all
Get rid of all suffering ".
V. CONCEPT OF MIND
From "Five senses ... tame your mind"
This paragraph is about tame the mind, the five senses by the mind active, the senses are not in itself. This section is still the second step of upholding the faculties, the relationship between the senses and the mind is only one. This is a special point of Buddhism. In the Sutta Pitaka, the Buddha rejected the position of Brahman Pasarìya, he advocated that the practice of seeing is not to be seen with the eyes, nor to the sound of the ears. Casting Buddha said that the blind is deaf will achieve sensory training results. Buddha's view is: "Anan, bhikkhu when the eyes see the rupa which arises in a pleasant manner, arousing unsatisfactory, arousing pleasant and unsatisfactory, they arise thus because they belong to vi so they are gross. If they do not arise like that then it is calm, the enemy is the mind, so when the mind arises satisfactorily,
The Buddha wants to say that when the eyes see the object as beauty, good ears hear ... then the mind will arise 3 cognitive attitudes: One to be satisfied, two to be unsatisfied, three to be satisfied but also not satisfied (both). When the mind arises like that, the object is sharp or silent, one must contemplate that the arising of these three attitudes is not right, is the expectation, is the grossness of the ordinary. Should contemplate to see that if the mind does not arise the three attitudes as above, the mind of tranquility and calmness, that is the mind of equanimity. Thanks to such contemplation, when the concept of the three attitudes arises, it will be immediately eliminated. Practicing different senses is that place. At the beginning of practice, the senses must be prevented from following the normal habit of targeting the pleasure objects, away from the non-pleasure objects. When you practice the senses maturing then the rough part,鬠must know that the mind is the owner of everything. Some subjective people think that cultivating the mind is important and the senses don't need to worry, then they let the senses watch, listen, and enjoy breaking the stronghold of the mind. However, if you only worry about overcoming the senses and forgetting that the mind is the master, then you will become obstinate nearsightedness, the effect of fertility is limited.
At the time when Buddha was about to go to Nirvana, Mr. Anan asked a number of necessary questions, including how to treat women. Anan asked:
- Venerable Buddha, how do we behave with women?
- Anan, do not look at them
-World Religion if you have to look at them, what to do?
Hey Anan, don't talk to them
-World Religion, if you have to talk to them, how to do?
Hey Anan, have to stay mindful
(BBNBNP 644)
The Buddha taught not to look, not to say that to uphold the senses for the basic disciples, psychology is not stable, the practice is not mature, easy to be attracted to external scenes. The Buddha taught: to be mindful of mindfulness is to tame the mind, the mind is tame, then seeing or telling women has nothing to worry about.
The text offers a series of examples to emphasize the calamity of letting go of the mind and the importance of tame mind such as: "The mind is scarier than the poisonous snakes, beasts, enemies, fierce fire rampant fire, not enough to give an example to the mind "
In summary, emphasizing overpowering the mind is because:
_ The intention of mastering the senses, overcoming the senses along with overcoming the mind, is the result.
_ The mind that if it is not tame, it will create bad karma "is no different from crazy elephants without iron hooks, monkey apes that have trees."
_ Conquered mind has the power to accomplish merit. The text says: "tame the mind one place, nothing fails."
The practice of tending one's mind is a process of effort, conquering the mind itself as the Buddhist Dhammapada teaches
"The effort is not amiss
Self-righteous things dwell
Wise building island
Floods are hard to flood. "
(Mind without distraction 25)
VI-DRAWING FOOD AND DRINK
The word "bhikkhus use food and drink ... to the point of exhaustion."
Diet is the third step in 6 practice steps, so eating, although very normal, is considered difficult to practice. Eating and drinking is the basic need of sentient beings, and not eating or eating unreasonably will lead to illness and training obstacles. With regard to eating, there are usually two attitudes:
1) Appreciating eating and drinking is important, eating and drinking pleasures and being bound by eating.
2) Consider eating and drinking as mediocrity, giving up eating or as asceticism, causing the body to wear down disease which also leads to danger.
The Buddha taught in the sutta: "The use of food and drink, let's treat it as taking medicine, good appetite, not giving up, not enough to sustain our body from hunger and thirst". Consider eating as medicine is literally its medicine, eating to nourish the body, cure hunger and thirst. Delicious not ham, unfinished does not mean gaining the ability to maintain the base, the mind is not delicious to dominate, agitated. The Ganaka Moggalla Sutta, the Buddha teaches: "Bhikkhus are so disciplined in eating, righteousness, observing, eating not to have fun, to be passionate, to adorn the body but only to avoid harming themselves, to preserve virtue, to eat to eradicate the old feeling, not to let the new feeling arise, so that living without committing a mistake and living peacefully ". The monk's attitude towards eating and drinking is very clear, eating right to avoid harming his body and to practice virtue,
In order to practice the diet, the Japanese Bhikkhu law offers 5 things to think about before eating:
  1. Consider counting more or less merit and estimating the reason of the food
  2. Think carefully of whether your virtue is sufficient or lacking to cover the offering
  3. Psychological precautions, avoiding the sins that greed and anger are still essential
  4. Therefore take fo 뭠 do well to pharmaceutical treatment dry body weak
  5. Because of the career guidance, that life expectancy
Practicing moderation in eating and drinking not only prevents afflictions and obstacles for oneself but also for the benefit and belief of the public towards the Church and the Dharma. The Buddha's teaching teaches: "Like a bee taking flowers, only taking flavor without harming the colors ... the use of offerings from people who have just not been hungry, have much desire, broken their good thoughts." Causing "damaging rupa" or "breaking their good intentions" means:
1) Due to their high demand, benefactors have to make great offerings, damaging their property, they are exhausted.
2) Because of meeting their needs, family happiness is hurt due to disagreements in the family.
3) Because they become a burden, they gradually lose faith in the dharma through the role of a monk.
So the text gives an example: "must know the amount of power his buffalo suffered much less do not use it to the point of exhaustion". Synonymous with not to hurt the flavor of flowers, equivalent to for example, the bee taking flowers, the Dhammapada teaches the Buddha:
"Like bees come to flowers
No decay and flavor
Protect the pistil flowers
The saint goes into the village
(shelf 49 Thich Minh Chau translated)
The issue of eating from the old to the present has always been a nuisance and a bad karma. One can because of eating without any tricks, can trample on the happiness of others to satisfy one's eating needs. The proverb ói vomiting: "A piece of food is a shabby piece, losing a piece of liver flipped to the head" that is the common sense of life.
The renunciant with the purpose of liberation cannot be entangled in the problem of eating, which indulges in or obstructs his career, eating is a need like breathing, it pursues his whole life, for should handle the ethical eating and drinking is solving a part of elaborate practice.
VII HEART OF WARNING
The word "monks, the effort of the day ... is no different than that of animals."
Mindfulness is the fourth step in the six steps of the pathway, after being able to maintain the grounds and self-control in eating, the mind attains high vigilance, it takes effort to continue. Stay alert. The text teaches: "During the day, try to practice good dharma, do not let the time slip away, and at the beginning of the night at the end of the night do not abandon, in the middle of the night, you must chant to eliminate evil, grow good." Such attentive alertness is quite tight. How much mind we have accumulated is defilements, defilements from many previous lives, and our minds are weak, we cannot be pure sooner or later. What we have learned through the discourse, through the communication of the professors, through the real life, has only created a small force, limited, how can we prevent the strong flow of the old karma, how to quickly eradicate the latent gas episodes which do not have appearance, hard to see, hard to receive Therefore, in order to give ourselves a power equivalent to the force of defilements, we must concentrate on practicing vigilant attention day and night. Practicing is like sailing upstream, not going backward. Do not create any chance for akusala dhammas to appear, only an attempt. In a 24-hour day if we only practice a few hours like chanting 2 times, elaborately, meditate for 30 minutes or 1 hour before going to bed and early in the morning, it is not enough to eliminate negativity. The Bible clearly teaches that: during the day, make efforts (during the day), at night, at the beginning of the night, in the middle of the night, and at the end of the night, do not abandon, that is, do not worry about sleeping, sleep in moderation and moderate sleep. The Buddhist Sangha refers to five types of people who sleep less or less, of which the fifth rank is: "
Based on the basis of the Buddhist Sutta and some other sutras, the later masters divided the training period into 6 periods called continental residence including daytime: morning, noon, afternoon; night includes early night, middle of night, late night. Tran Thai Tong also based on these six times to compose the ritual of repenting the practice of repentance in the six volumes of the Sixteen Sixty-Sixty Virtues which are very valuable in terms of practice.
This step of the teaching of the Ganaka Moggallana teaches: "Monks are trained to be mindful of vigilance both day and night, in actions that clear the mind of the Dharma obstacles." The Dhammapada Sutta 297 also teaches:
"Disciple Gotama
Always self-awareness
No matter day or night
Often commemorating the true Dharma "
Often the mindfulness of the true Dharma is to make the evil Dharma have no chance of developing, often commemorates less sleep, more time to practice, the text teaches: "The disturbing sleep in the mind is like a cobra sleeping. in the house, you have to worry about using the sharp hook to keep it open, snakes out then you should sleep peacefully.The sleep disturbance in the mind is constant defilements that are difficult to eradicate because it's a latent episode practice long, subtle hard to know, By keeping the precepts, it is thanks to the vigilance of vigilance day and night that pulls those defilements out of the mind.
The monk always considers himself worthy of being a monk or not by observing the defilements of defilement more or less. If you see more, you must be ashamed, self-conscious and more effortless to rest assured to sleep or lazy through the day. If self-shame is known to be capable of sustaining and growing good dharma, shameful psychology is a kind of good psychology that stimulates the effort, so the text says: "There is disgrace. good faith "
In a nutshell, attention is the constant alertness to the activities of the body, speech and mind, preventing akusala dhammas and overcoming the mental impulses of pollution. At this level the mind is quite proficient, they are still within the sphere of influence and effect of gender, starting to delve deeper into the psychology of subtle pollution to clear the way for the arising of wisdom.
VIII. HAPPY PRACTICE PRACTICE
The word "monks, if someone cuts off his body ... it is inappropriate."
This paragraph teaches the practice of patience patient against adversity. The practice of patience is to eliminate the outburst of the mind, guard against the sins of longevity and the agitation of the mind, elaborating on the practice. On the other hand, training the mind to calmly and firmly, and also to practice compassion, compassion, joy, equanimity, prepare the mind to enter into wisdom, the patience training required by the sutras is very high, Buddha said: "If anyone cutting off the teachers to each burn, they also have to restrain themselves not to get angry, but also to keep their mouths and tongues so as not to make bad words. diocese). Such patience is an expression of the inner strength of the cultivator following the teachings of the Buddha. Similar to the example of the saw in the Sutta Pitaka, also taught, "Like bandits using two-edged saws to cut hands and feet, nevertheless if someone here arises in a chaotic state, he is not one who practices our teachings. You must study the following: we will keep our minds unaware鮠infection, we will not utter evil words, we will live with unwavering hearts, with compassionate hearts, with inward anger. "Normally we live according to the natural reaction (the animal reaction) who scolds us, we beat us back, so our life always lives in a state of three movements of struggle, of A wise person will choose to live a more restrained, more autonomous and more calm manner.Some people think that patience is a cowardly attitude, but according to psychological rules, it is the opposite of cowardice, lack of courage. new patience impatient. Patience demonstrates the strength of the will, the solidity of the inner, that is also the virtue of a novice monk. The Bible teaches: "Practicing patience is only known as being The lord has the power. "Kinh Tang Chi when it comes to power has 8 types:
  1. the power of a baby is crying
  2. Women's power is indignation
  3. The thief's strength is the weapon
  4. The power of kings is power
  5. The foolish power is overwhelming
  6. the power of sage is sensation
  7. The power of multiculturalism is scrutiny
  8. The power of the renaissance is patience
Anger is always harmful to physical, psychological, emotional and social. A society in which people are not educated and practiced patience, self-reliance is easy to commit crimes, one can kill each other, harm each other, betray each other for very small reasons, such as such an offensive word. Practicing patience will not only refrain from keeping the mind from kicking up anger when being criticized or cursed, but also practicing the unmoving mind when people hurt their bodies. That's not an easy thing to do, so saying patience is power.
Hatred is very dangerous, it has the power to destroy all good deeds, it goes beyond the limits like when aversion arises, you can kill the father and students can harm the teacher, so the text says : "enemy robbing merit is nothing more than anger". And the old virtue also said, "A recitation of a hundred thousand karma doors is open. Therefore, the practice of patience and patience is considered to be the first of the other deeds, the first temple is to know. to practice patience with regard to material conditions and a lack of affection, then to be patient with deterrence and unjust criticism ... gradually the monks become steadfast to advance further, so the world teaching
"The virtue of patience is the most virtuous
Buddha says no vi is the ultimate dharma
As a renunciate that the human brain
It is not called a monk.
(Monks, Tri Quang translation)
In order to keep the mind from being disturbed and polluted as well as preserving the style of a monk, quite a lot of precepts have been set up to deal with the anger of the mind lacking self-restraint. In the Bhikkhu stilts, 13 increased world has 2 world is 8 and 9 because of anger that slander and libel, because of anger that distort libel. 90 precepts Three precepts have 8 precepts such as the second one verbally abuses social components, gender 13 hates scolding tri, gender 17 for anger drags other bhikkhus out of the room, gender 78, 79 for anger and beating. slapped others, about 80 because of anger that slander. In Study 100 also raises legal them prevent similar series .. As and & practice patience remains in the owner, I belong to the path of self-4th week of practice is focused vigilance.
Practicing patience as taught by the texts is perfect that the term in the continent is called the patience of Brahmin. Not only do we not get angry at people who scold us for harm, but we also have to practice to achieve the perfect level rather than receiving joyful and critical words from others like drinking orange juice: "whoever unable to accept such humiliating humiliation as drinking orange juice, he cannot be praised as a wise convert "(K. Di).
The training or elaborate practice of more or less, high or low of the renunciants and those who follow the path of Buddhism is assessed through this level of patience. Patience is the typical virtue of the renunciate, if there is no virtue of patience, the virtue of the renunciate is not called integrity, as the prayer ends the patience as follows:
"The worldly person enjoys sensuality, it is not a religious person, there is no method for self-restraint, so they are also able to forgive anger. anger is not worth it, no different from a cool cloudy sky with lightning and lightning is not appropriate. "
Extremely earnest teaching and reason!
IX EXCLUSION PSYCHOLOGY AND DUA NNH
From "bhikkhus, rub your head and take care of the substance as a basis"
This passage on the practice of eliminating psychological arrogance and flattery. These are the types of psychology that pollute the mind and obstacles to the path of practice:
1. Arrogant mind: is the psychological affliction dependent of psychological, is the normal psychology of man. For monastics, it is a great obstacle. The scriptures teach: "bhikkhus, remove your head, put away the adornment and good clothing, wear ruined robes, adaptive handle, alms to live, feel so arrogant that If it is to emerge, it must be quickly dispersed. " People often have the arrogant mentality when they are materially rich, or they have a high position in society, or they are beautiful people. The renunciate, meanwhile, renounces all money, fame, and beauty ... there should be nothing to be arrogant about. The teaching of "rubbing your head" is to realize that, who has let go of worldly things, wears ruined robes, asks for food to live, and cultivates nothing arrogant where ?!
a) The renunciate thanks to the merit of being loved by the masses, so they make offerings of adequate material, clothing, vehicles, houses ... so depend on material things to be arrogant.
b) The monks and nuns are respected by the public as masters and monks, so they respectfully obey and respect arrogance.
c) Well-educated, highly educated renunciates who write good books, good sermon, great position in the church, are famous ... so arrogant mind.
d) The monks and nuns are practicing, a little possessive, a little elaborately praised, arrogant.
If one is not alert to pay attention to preventing akusala cittas from arising, sometimes a small reason can be arrogant (such as being a little handsome). Austerities rely on a certain force; Money, fame, talent ... will be entangled in arrogance. Some arrogance manifests clearly, some arrogant act more secretly, all of which bring mental pollution and obstacles to the path of liberation. The Buddha Dhammapada teaches:
"Something worth doing doesn't do
Not worth doing again
The arrogant man is generous
Gonorrhea or growth (PC shelf 292)
We must pay attention to the feeling of overcoming the arrogant mind in the path of enlightenment, whereas the arrogant mind is modest, that is the mind of austerities. People in their life have all the conditions to be arrogant; if they keep their arrogant minds, their career cannot be durable, they must be humble in order to survive long. What are the renunciations for the purpose of liberation, secularly renounced nothing significant, spiritually have to overcome negativity, but carrying heavy arrogant mind is not worth it.
2. The flattering mind: the psychological affliction that depends on craving and ignorance, is the kind of polluted psychology that makes the soul mundane. The flattering mind, an aspect that is paired with the arrogant mind, the arrogant person with the peer or under him will flatter the person above himself, who is better than himself. People who have a flattering mind say or act in the way of others, flattering them too much for a profit, with a flattering mind they don't tell the truth, frankly and crookedly soothe the ego of others. The Buddhist scriptures teach: "flattering psychology contradicts the Dharma, so the teachers have to direct their minds. Be aware of flattering flaws just to lie, and the one who is initiated cannot be like that." Flattery is different from praising someone else, while praising someone's superior truth, flattery is flattering flamboyant purpose. That is not the good quality of renunciants. The Buddhist Sangha teaches: "The purpose of a virtuous life is not because of deceiving the masses, caressing the masses, not for the sake of nourishment, fame, reverence ... but for the purpose of taming," the end, the greed, the cessation ... "(Increase spending I Tr. 377).
In order to keep the mind pure and frank in accordance with the virtue of liberation, and also to preserve the status of a monk, it must be like the sutta: "To be honest with one's heart, to take the virtue of rectification the "and in the Central China Sutta, the definition of Sangha:" The disciple of the Blessed One has all the virtues of virtue and virtue, such as moral conduct and righteous conduct "(example of a cloth).
In short, arrogance and flattery are all polluting emotions that have the effect of making the mind tarnished, disturbed, obstructing the path of liberation, unworthy of the quality of a pig蠫.
X. HAPPY LITTLE HAPPY TO WANT AND KNOW FULLY
From "Bhikkhus, you have to know how much you want ... that's enough to know."
This paragraph is about practicing low desire and knowing enough, both of which are related to one another, one that supports the other.
The renunciation must eliminate the cause of suffering, the main cause is greed and delusion. Those are endless hard-to-grasp defilements that pass away. However, the psychological manifestations are quite clear, can limit and eliminate them, desires, desires always stir the mind, polluting the mind and hindering the practice. Therefore, practicing less desire and knowing just enough is to reduce the effects of attachment, anger and ignorance.
  1. Hanh has little desire
    2. The text teaches: "monks, you must know who desires much, so many benefits should also be suffering". A lot of desire means a greed of growth, a lot of desire is a lot of suffering, this is very real. The object of desire is 5 sensual things: beauty, good voice, aroma, good taste, and gentle touch. These are mundane objects of desire, craving頬uric desires associated with suffering.
    The Great Suffering Sutta The Buddha teaches: for sex there must be three aspects of sex: the sweetness, the danger and the separation. The sweetness is based on the five sensual pleasures, the arising pleasure, the danger is the reverse of the pleasure, the pleasure includes:
    1. To have 5 desires to seek, hard labor has to fight with people of the same kind and nature, sometimes sick, injured and dead.
    2. It is so hard but not always fulfilled, sometimes it just takes suffering without any benefit.
    3. If there is a search, it must be taken care of, it becomes a focal point of disputes, disputes between father, son, brother, wife, emotional moral dissolution.
    4. Then stolen, robbed, cheated, harmed ...
    The renunciation is the regiment which is craving for sex, the liberation from the bondage of education.
    Does anyone enjoy 5 pleasures of pure pleasure, no suffering? It is inevitable that the more desiring the more suffering. So Buddha taught:
    "Sad love of love
    Craving for fear
    Who is free from craving?
    No fear, no fear "(PC shelf 215)
    The suffering of desires is to never satisfy the more the more desires, the proverb says: "bottomless greed". Desires will not end, will lead us into the abyss of suffering. Desire is restrained, the soul will be serene and liberated. When people are enslaved to sensory pleasure, good deeds cannot grow, spiritual progress will be stopped, the mind fades, so the maintenance of faculties, alertness, and cultivation are practiced. practice to prevent and eliminate many psychological desires, the text teaches: "The little desire had to practice, let alone that it brought enough merit."
    A person who practices less desires is to attain peaceful peace, easily to attain greed, cessation, and Nirvana as taught: "Practicing the virtue of low libido, being calm, fearless, meeting every situation feels relaxed, never feeling deprived, has little desire to have Nirvana. "
  2. Hanh knows just enough
The difference between less desirable conduct and enough knowing is: "Little desire is transcending what is not yet, knowing enough is transcending for that which is already ours" (Tri Quang, translated from Religion)
Buddhist texts teach: "Bhikkhus, if you want to free your suffering, please consider just knowing enough. There are usually two types of human needs: survival and enjoyment. Survival needs are essential needs such as food, clothing, and sleep. The need to enjoy is to find pleasure. The object of the need for enjoyment is the five sensual pleasures as mentioned in the least desire part. Err 렦 # 273: it refers to their survival needs to know enough.
The monks and nuns have the need for food, clothing, sieves and medicine to live and cultivate virtue, not to satisfy desire. For these survival needs, if the renunciate does not pay enough attention, it is possible to turn into a need for enjoyment such as wanting to eat a lot, eat well, want to dress up, wear nice ... Psychology knows enough is enough contentment with what is not wishing more, suffering is always associated with feelings of dissatisfaction and dissatisfaction. If we are satisfied with our satisfaction, the suffering will end. As the Buddhist text teaches: "Knowing just enough, lying on the ground is also fun, not knowing enough even in paradise and not satisfied". People who do not know enough are many, so they are considered lacking, so it is called "rich but rich". In contrast, "poor but rich", poor because of the feeling of deprivation, rich because of the feeling of satisfaction and satisfaction. Nguyen Cong Tru,Let's ????????? ].
The Buddhist Sangha teaches: "Monks, who know all kinds of things (clothes, food, sieve, medicine) we declare that this is one of the parts of the monk's life" (TCI Tr) .397).
"Bhikkhus have 4 traditions that they know enough for any kind of medicine, know enough for any alms food, know enough for any kind of co-ordination, and preferred to practice. Like the end ... for the needs of clothes, food, ready to sit ... if not available, there will be no regrets, if it is available, it will not be greedy. see the exodus ... this is called the monk standing on the veteran tradition "known as the dark" (TC I Tr. 380).
Today the needs of the renunciants are not only the four types of clothing, food, sieves and pharmaceuticals as they used to be, there are more modern needs such as housing motor vehicles serving the needs of knowledge. but still on the basis of an essential need and need to practice virtue know enough, there is no greed, there is no worry or regret. Thus, renunciations can keep the mind at peace, serenity and liberation, as the Buddha taught in the Dhammapada:
"No ultimate gum disease
Know enough ultimate money
Respect for each other is the ultimate relative
The ultimate nirvana "(PC. Shelf 204)
XI. HANH VIEN LY PRACTICE
The word "monks, wish to pray for peace ... that is faraway conduct"
This paragraph is about the practice of faraway conduct, that is, alienation from the noisy, uproarious center for practice to attain liberation. The Buddha's text teaches: "To pray for peace, peace and tranquility, the teachers must escape all noise and confusion, in solitude and in a relaxed manner".
The life of a secular renunciate who is in need of tranquility and less work, devotes time to practice and contemplates self-awareness, understanding the nature of life. So often in the mountains, deserted, close to nature, isolated villages very suitable for renunciation.
The monks and nuns, who are dominated by the external environment, have difficulty paying attention to the practice, the tranquil environment of the mountains, the tranquil scenery supports a lot of people who are mindful of recitation, but if they are crowded, there are also afflictions are related to work, by cohabitation and collision. Thus quiet place but still not peaceful, so the text teaches: "Teachers, get rid of their belongings and their belongings, in solitude, in solitude and in emptiness, using the mind-set. the root of suffering ". Using thinking towards the elimination of disturbing emotions, one must have a solitary life, or spend a lot of time alone to think and cultivate. The more they are affected by the joys and sorrows of their things, the easier it is not to be moved, as the sutta says: "
Practicing the faraway virtue, at first glance seems to escape negativity, worry about yourself, in fact, for a renunciate of mind, the mind is still weak, it is necessary to practice to increase the force, if not yet capable enough to worry about saving sentient beings or Buddhist activities, they appear to be positive but their content is more disturbing. Sentient beings suffer not because of the lack of masters, but because too many gurus are incompetent, their ability to practice is still poor, their afflictions are numerous, they live in hustle and bustle, their work is chaotic, There was no time to meditate so negativity grew, his purpose was not achieved. Outwardly a bhikkhu whose interior is empty, without the material of a bhikkhu. In order to solve the practice of accompanying Buddhist activities, Today's teachers organize retreats for a period of time or periodically to cultivate the path of force which is a temporary solution. Taking care of the roots is still less work, more time to live far away, to practice meditation, and mindfulness in daily work. If the renunciants practice but do not taste the sweetness of the dharma is often called the dharma position or dharma joy and joyfulness, they will surely lose their merit. The Buddha Dhammapada teaches:
"Tasted the monopoly
Enjoy the leisurely taste
Not afraid not evil
Tasting French Hy "(PC. Shelf 205)
There are people who like a large crowd, a large number of disciples considered it to be a success in their spiritual career. A large number of people and disciples also have both advantages and disadvantages, the benefit is that the effect of their fertility will benefit many people, if we are virtuous and talented, we are able to liberate ourselves. because in my heart, near the mud but not stinking of mud like a lotus flower, or as the Buddha taught:
"Fun for us to live
Not busy between bustling
Among throbbing people
We live without activity "(PC. Shelf 199)
As for the harmful side, as the text says: "Like a tree with life span, if the birds gather, the painting is still dry." There are good assemblies that help us to practice straight forward, there are inferior assemblies that make us quit Bodhi. The Buddha taught: "Monks, there are superficial assemblies, assemblies struggling, assemblies not winning, scum assemblies ... but there are deep assemblies, harmony assemblies, assemblies. they are victorious and the elite assemblies "(TC I Tr. 84).
Monopoly also has its downsides, if the monk does not have the zeal to practice eliminating smuggling or, does not use the ability of "thinking" and cuts off the root cause of suffering, then living monopoly is the environment Good for the fall because no one controls, restrains to promote body and mind.
In the modern world we cannot retreat to deep forests or close our doors to the outside world. It is necessary that the psychological separation of public desires, desires of the disciples, must know clearly the nuisance and obstacles of their clothes towards the path of practice, living in them and escaping from them, that's why can achieve what needs to be achieved. The Buddha taught, "Bhikkhus, monks who like assemblies, like them, they will not be happy to live alone, to live far away. So he does not hold the General of mind, will not fulfill the right view, will not fulfill the right concentration, will not give up the fetters and will not realize nirvana. " (TC II, pp. 408).
In summary, renunciation and the practice of renunciation are limiting the impact of circumstances that adversely affect and obstruct the practice of eliminating disturbing emotions, gonorrhea or. The purpose is to support elaborately practice and to soon complete the aspiration of renunciation.
Summary of the gender section is complete here. So the world has 4 steps: maintenance of the precepts, maintenance of the apartments, moderation in eating and attention. The effect of such a precept is very basic for meditation practice and intellectual development. The duty to maintain the precepts is a superficial part, the main effect of the precepts is to prevent sin and mental defilement, train the body and mind to become mature, clean, and needy to be the core of gender. So in the world has the potential and wisdom. The Buddha taught: "Bhikkhus, practice the path without mistakes and have a straight line so as to eradicate the contraband or. That path is to uphold the bases, to regulate in eating, to pay attention to the scene. "(TC I Tr. 125).
The Sutta teaching established the boundary in accordance with tradition and in accordance with the sequential training path of psychology and objectivity. We will study the next steps to better see the relationship between Gender, Dinh, Tue and the goal of liberation.
  1. STUDYING
The study session has 3 periods: practice diligently, practice mindfulness and practice meditation. So the study is presented in the Sutta teachings in accordance with the study of the 8 elements of the eightfold path: right effort, mindfulness, and right concentration. In fact, there are two main steps to Studying in mindfulness, awareness and mindfulness. Effort is the ability that must have enough and throughout the psychological journey only.
I. TU HANH TAN TAN
From "Bhikkhus, diligent effort ... that is virtuous effort"
This paragraph is about diligent practice, which is an ardent effort to accomplish your goals. The scriptures teach: "monks, it is not difficult for you to strive for diligence. So you must practice diligence." Without effort, there is no accomplishment, so diligence is the virtue that is always present on the training path from the first step to achieving the ultimate goal of liberation.
Generally diligent is the content of the four principal needs in 37 products. The four main needs are the four essential efforts: the essential effort should prevent the arising of unwholesome evil dhammas, except the evil of evil. Efforts need to give rise to unwholesome dhammas, to increase the ones that are already born. That is the basis of diligence. On that basis, diligence in the concentration, has a separate effect on the mind. Kinh Sang Chi The Buddha taught: "bhikkhus have four essential types: the mind needs to tame, the crystal needs to end, the essential practice and essential maintenance." The Buddha further explained that the need to tame is the effort to practice tame the six senses: the eyes, the ears, the nose, the tongue, the body and the mind. , compassionate. The essential need to end is the effort of practicing the elimination of unwholesome thoughts including craving, anger and harm to arise. Essential practice is the effort to practice the disciplines such as 7 senses: mindfulness, method, diligence, joy, contempt, concentration and awareness. Essential needs maintenance is the effort to practice keeping the gentle generals in mind. So is the need to be present in every stage and every discipline. Particularly for the stage of meditation practice, diligence is the essential practice to put the mind into concentration, that is, the effort to maintain the mind resting on the object, leading the mind to joy, contempt to calm the mind and then to discharge the mind . So is the need to be present in every stage and every discipline. Particularly for the stage of meditation practice, diligence is the essential practice to put the mind into concentration, that is, the effort to maintain the mind resting on the object, leading the mind to joy, contempt to calm the mind and then to discharge the mind . So is the need to be present in every stage and every discipline. Particularly for the stage of meditation practice, diligence is the essential practice to put the mind into concentration, that is, the effort to maintain the mind resting on the object, leading the mind to joy, contempt to calm the mind and then to discharge the mind .
If one's practice is not strong enough, that is, diligence is not available, then concentration will not be the same as the text teaches: "If a religious person is lazy, abandoned, or pulls the fire that has not been hot yet, even though there is fire, there is no fire. "
Therefore, those who practice diligently in every stage, especially in the meditation phase, need to make diligent effort to maintain, rest in mind the goodness (currently practicing) relentlessly like incubating chickens. , will quickly achieve its purpose. As the Dhammapada, the Buddha taught:
"Necessity between distraction
Awakening between love pants
Man is like a horse
Leaving behind the crippled horse "(PC shelf 29).
II. CHRISTIAN PRACTICE PRACTICE
The word "bhikkhus, praying for good knowledge ... it is a virtue not to forget mindfulness."
This paragraph is about the merit of mindfulness, which is the main ability to attain concentration and wisdom. Mindfulness is the basis for right concentration, it also serves as the basis for the other parts of the eightfold path, for all good dhammas. The main effect of mindfulness is to stop unwholesome dhamma, to settle 蠴of the dharma and to be the basis for concentration and wisdom, a very broad ability, as in the 40 dharmas (central teaching) the Buddha said: mindfulness eradicates evil, mindfulness attains and dwells mindfulness. Thus is his mindfulness, "with the same parts.
The Buddha's text teaches: "Monks, pray for good knowledge, pray for good maintenance, good support, not forget not to forget mindfulness." This affirms that mindfulness is an important and powerful practice. This paragraph has 2 problems:
1. Pray for good knowledge, good maintenance and good support. HT. Tri Quang explained that: "Praying for the help of a writer (good knowledge), praying for someone who helps the justice (good maintenance), praying for someone to help practice the dharma (praying for good support). We can also understand in the sense of good knowledge, there are three types of knowledge: good teaching, good knowledge, and good family support. knowledge, others help us to understand the Dharma equivalent to the teaching of good knowledge, to pray for goodness and maintenance is to pray for others to help us to practice the equivalent of good deeds, to practice together to share experiences and improve To pray for goodness and support is to pray for others to support us in practice, which means creating favorable physical conditions such as food, clothing, and beds. u, pharmaceutical ... comfort of life, equivalent to the foreigner of good knowledge. A person who wants to practice well must have the help of these three classes of good knowledge. These are objects of the renunciation's wish.
2. If not, we don't forget mindfulness, hoping that the conditions for our practice are just external conditions, can help us achieve certain results, but not by relying on mindfulness. of yourself, mindfulness capacity will make the power and wisdom to promote, SA had the capacity 쮠in each person's self. The Sutta School Buddha taught: "Anan, light yourself up with the torch, light it up with the Dharma, don't light it up with any other dharma. relying on any other dharma "The Buddha taught further: relying on the dharma means that a monk takes care of the body in the body, senses in the sensation, the mind in the mind, the object in the object. mind. Means practicing contemplation on the four areas ie the four foundations of mindfulness. Satipa xứ xứhāna is the content of mindfulness of mindfulness, this is the fifth step in the path of Buddhist practice.
The practice of mindfulness plays an important role in the practice path. In the eightfold path, mindfulness is the basis of concentration, awareness, mindfulness is placed first and satipatthana is the object of mindfulness. First of all, do not distract yourself from chasing after the mundane situation, you return to yourself to regain the autonomy, body control, self-control of feelings, thoughts and objects of thought. Through mindful awareness we see clearly the activities of the body and the mind, we can transform from the chaos into stability, stability, from pollution into purity, from suffering into happiness, from samsara into nirvana. The path of mindfulness is the only way to achieve the ultimate goal, the four foundations of mindfulness (Buddha), the Buddha said, "This is the only way to help sentient beings perform purely and overcome defilements. , destroy misery,
The effect of mindfulness has 3:
1. By virtue of mindfulness, the psychological craving, anger, delusion, jealousy are stopped, the stimulation of akusala psychologies does not arise, afflictions and afflictions do not have the opportunity to develop and penetrate. As the sutta teaches: "Do not forget mindfulness, the mind will invade the mind" to make defilements do not invade.
"Like a smartly roofed house
Rain does not enter
Also smart mind tu
Non-invasive greed "(PC shelf 14)
2. Thanks to mindfulness that preserve and dwell the good deeds, keep the merit. The text teaches: "Losing mindfulness is losing merit." The merit of eliminating akusala, due to the development of goodness, the purity of mind, and the concentration of fullness, are the merits of mindfulness that are preserved and dwell. The awareness of the mental activities no longer exist, the merit of that dispersed, distracted will be born and unwholesome is present.
3. Thanks to mindfulness, the mind is stable, can work and live like everyone without pollution, disturbing disturbance. The text teaches: "If mindfulness has strong power, even in the five enemies, they will not be murdered, just like a soldier in the army wearing armor and slices of copper will have no fear anymore." Near the mud without stinking the smell of mud is the characteristic of the lotus, near the five defilements without negativity and the disturbing effects of harm, the characteristic of mindfulness.
III. MEDITATION PRACTICE
The word "bhikkhus, gather the center ... it is the meditation practice"
This paragraph the Buddha taught elaborately to practice meditation has 2 parts:
Part 1. Scripture teaches: "Monks, focus the mind will stay in meditation". The sentence is very simple but concise and generalizes the method and purpose of meditation. Meditation is the heart of Buddhism. Practice the precepts to make way for meditation, on the basis of concentration, wisdom, and the end of smuggling. Meditation has many methods of sects, doctrines, religions, right and wrong, righteousness and wrong view. For Buddhism, the Buddha taught about the right concentration: "Bhikkhus, how is the holy concentration with the conditions and support? It is right understanding, right thought, right speech, right action, Right Livelihood, Chief Effort, Mindfulness. Hey Bhikkhus, that any single minded person is assisted with these 7 parts, then it is called holy Chief Justice "(Dai Kinh 40 dharma, Trung Trung Kinh III).
The method of meditation is very simple but also very complicated. Simply "focus the mind will stay in meditation", the complexity is how the mind will be focused! The Sanskrit call meditation is Samàdhi or Dhyàna. Samàdhi means suspending the mind scattered, focusing on an object. Dhyàna means tranquility, suspending the distracted mind of a scene or object. Normally people are divided into 2 types: Meditation and contemplation, meditation is the mind focusing on an object of one-pointed attainment, meditation is focusing on the contemplating headings to see the nature of things. The ideal method is to only contemplate and practice, also known as meditation.
The object of meditation can be broadly composed of four areas: body, feeling, mind, and dharma. Six custom thoughts: recite the Buddha, recite the Dharma, recite the Sangha, recite the precepts, recite the word, recite the word, and recite good thoughts. 4 thoughts of residence: Tu, Bi, Hy, Xa etc.
The near goal of meditation is to eliminate the five hindrances and attain the five jhas. The five hindrances are the five types that bind and obscure the mind, causing the mind to be disordered with disturbance, including:
1) Greed: when the mind is greedy, it is caused by craving objects, so it cannot arise.
2) Anger: when the mind is dominated by anger, that is, the object of dislike makes the impatient impatience unable to focus the mind.
3) Drowsiness: when the mind is depressed, the mind shrinks to sleep, the mind is dim and awake to target the object.
4) contrition: when the mind is contracted, the mind is agitated and wandering around, not paying attention to the object.
5) Doubt: when cynical mind dominates, then hesitation cannot be determined on the object.
Achievement 5 meditation chi is 5 elements minus 5 slopes and achievements meditation mind:
1) Vision: is the state of afferentness to the object, the first contact of the mind with the object, the effect of elimination of depression.
2) Four: sticking the mind on the object, forcing the mind on the object, eliminating cynicism.
3) Joy: joyful, cool state, the effect of which is able to treat anger.
4) Lac: happiness, contentment, the opposite of contrite mind.
5) Single-mindedly: the mind is focused on a single object that cures craving.
The next purpose of meditation is to be meditating. The Buddha taught: "After the elimination of the five hindrances, the hindrances pollute the mind, weaken the intellect, he divorced, the unwholesome, the proof and the first meditation, a state of joy. lost due to sexual separation has a range of ... Hey Bhikkhus, when killing kill kill evidence and stay meditation Monday, a state of joy due to birth, does not reach the four provinces in the single mind ... Hey Bhikkhus, when the wedding Festival resident glass discharge mindfulness discharge, body feeling the feeling of life called discharge concept communication residence stay and meditation Tuesday ... Hey Bhikkhu when discharge and discharge suffering, happy wedding favor before the testimony and meditation meditation Wednesday, no misery, communication, discharge concept pure ... "(Great Kinh Xóm horse, TBK I).
Meditation can lead to even more subtle states such as the four unattended, but the goal of Buddhism is not to be concentration but wisdom and liberation, so to reach the fourth jhana, using the mind of mind contemplation arises. intellectual development.
Part 2. Scripture teaches: "The mind in meditation can fully grasp the state of change of the universe." This part means that the effect of meditation is to grasp the nature of the human universe, that is, to develop wisdom. The Buddha taught, "With pure, pure, calm mind, there is no infection, no disturbance, need to use, be firm and calm. Thus, he leads the mind, directs the mind to the full network of enlightenment, he remembers. to the past lives from one life to many lives, to many lives, ruin of his own, birth, death, suffering, touch ... in a great and detailed way ... he leads The mind, with the pure eyesight, superman, sees life, death, suffering, bliss, of all sentient beings ... he came to know the position of suffering, this is the cause of suffering,鮠eliminating suffering; This is contraband or, this is the cause of contraband or, this is the exclusion of contraband or, this is the path to the smuggling or exclusion. He escaped from illegal sex, smuggled property, ignorance illegally "(Great Kinh Xóm horse).
In summary, as the text says, the Buddha taught: "Meditation is no longer distracted. Unfortunately for the country, it is necessary to build a dyke to repair the shore well, so do the practitioners of the wisdom, but practice meditation, to keep it from flowing out ". Meditation is the mental embankments, water retention intellectual, concentrating on one spot堳E foster capacity building and development of increasingly sharp intellect. Disturbance, gonorrhea or increasingly narrow and eradicated.
Vā ﹠ the right concentration is achieved through the achievement of virtue and wisdom. The path of practice is the path of increased mind. This is the noble step of the six steps in the Buddha's path of enlightenment, to this level, concentration and wisdom are one and the fullness, the next mentioned wisdom only adds more.
D. STUDY
The intellectual part has 2 periods: the merit of intellectual merit and the achievement of merit without comment. Can see these two parts equivalent to wisdom in the eightfold path is right understanding and right thought. Based on the right view and right thinking we can see more clearly the wisdom in Buddhism and in this Sutta.
I. ACHIEVEMENTS OF INTELLECTUAL FORMULATION
The word "bhikkhus, with wisdom, then the passion is out of wisdom."
The text teaches: "the mind is out of passion, always awakening and self-examining so that no mistake can be made, so in the Dharma of the Tathagata one is capable of performing liberation." The wisdom of Buddhism differs from the wisdom of the conventional notion. Intellect is present, there is the effect of eradicating ignorance, the opposite intelligence of delusion, delusion is for things not known as impermanence, egolessness and dependent arising. Intellect is the knowledge of those laws and therefore is not greedy and clinging, so the text called "having wisdom is out of passion" out of passion is liberation. Wisdom is also known as right understanding. The Sutta of Knowledge and Knowledge teaches: "When the disciple of wisdom is unwholesome and unwholesome, knowledge is realized and the basis of good ... knowledge is food, the beginning of food, the passage kill the food, Right understanding is also referred to in the 40 Sutta: "Understanding the right view is the right view, wrong view is wrong view ..." (similar to the eight elements of the eightfold path). Thus Chief Justice is the wisdom that sees deeply towards the evil, right and wrong actions. Because of that knowledge, no mistake occurs, as the text says: "Always awakening and self-examining so that no mistake can be obtained". Right understanding is also referred to in the 40 Sutta: "Understanding the right view is the right view, wrong view is wrong view ..." (similar to the eight elements of the eightfold path). Thus Chief Justice is the wisdom that sees deeply towards the evil, right and wrong actions. Because of that knowledge, no mistake occurs, as the text says: "Always awakening and self-examining so that no mistake can be obtained".
The wise person, first of all, clearly knows the principles of good and evil, right view, sees the impermanence, non-self, dependent arising of life and all things. Because of knowing so, the sins do not arise, and destroy.
The text also mentions the deeper effects of wisdom such as: "True wisdom is the strongest boat crossing the sea of ​​birth, old age, sickness, death; The brightest light for dark ignorance, is panacea for all the sick, is the iron hammer to cut down the afflictions. " True wisdom here only for smuggled wisdom, Great Dharma Buddha taught 40: "There are two types of right view: Right view, smuggled view, and Right view, no supramundane view. smuggling belongs to the intellect, the chi direction of a mature practitioner in the holy path ". Right view of property is possessed with merit, which is the knowledge of good and evil, right view, of the impermanent, non-self, sentient nature of all things in knowledge, which can lead to no mistakes, so it is blessed. Right view illegally overcomes all knowledge, maturity in the holy path that is in the mind and the mind.
Basic sutta disciplines mention 3 types of awareness (TBK I):
1. Perception: the knowing knowledge of empirical knowledge, the limited view, full of ego, duality that distinguishes subject and object.
2. Thang tri: seeing knowing through meditation, clearly seeing psychology and physics is a chain of dependent origination. With this awareness there is no limit, separation, subject and object.
3. Willow tri: on the basis of victory leads to the elimination of craving, anger, delusion, no longer entangled with all dharma.
True wisdom is the victory and willow, and the text uses very accurate and vivid examples such as: "The boat crosses the sea of ​​life and death, the light of ignorance, the panacea for the sick, the hammer Iron cut off negativity similar to the above, Dai Phuong Quang (TBK I) also defines wisdom: "Intellect that means victory (Abhinnattha), meaning willow tri (Parinnattha), meaning paragraph exhausted (Pahanattha).
How to gain wisdom? The scriptures teach: "Teachers, use the wisdom, thought, practice, and evidence to improve self-interest" that means listening, thinking and practicing leading to attainment or comprehension. Thanks to the wisdom, wisdom is fullness. The Great Sutta also offers a method: "there are two conditions that cause wisdom to arise:" the voice of others and like reasoning "the other's voice is literary wisdom, as the reasoning idea is the wisdom. next: "Right understanding must be supported of 5 elements to attain liberation mind and liberation wisdom, which is support, support, discussion support, samatha, support support (samadhi) "(TBK I). About support is the moral basis to purify body and mind. Supporting text is wisdom, discussion supports both literature and wisdom, only and insight is wisdom. By using the word tu, the intellect increases, achieving liberation. That is the effect of the wisdom that needs to be achieved.
II. ACHIEVEMENTS OF PUBLIC PARTY DOES NOT DISCUSS
The word "bhikkhus if the argument is everything ... it is non-argument."
The text teaches: "If the argument is everything the mind is confused." Literary reasoning is a play but the meaning is much broader, Venerable Tri Quang taught: "The argument goes from the discussion of play to useless discussion to the problem of putting the problem wrong, in the end. it is the discussion and the questioning, which is not true in reality, the latter meaning shows all that is within the scope of thinking, describing, speaking in other words of "mind of the earth" and "linguistic language" are both arguments "(Tri Quang - translation of Buddhist teachings). The Seven-Kind Buddha Sutta talks about the four sa-level subjects, the third being the category entangled by rational thinking: "The world is permanent, the world is no longer existent, the world is marginal, the world is infinite. boundary, life and body are one, life and body are different, Tathagata after death exists, Tathagata after death does not exist, Tathagata after death exists, does not exist. Tathagata after death does not exist does not exist ... this sa class does not escape the will of the evil spirit "(TBK I). Being bound by the views, theory, philosophical arguments called evil the dominant opinion and wrong mind cannot be liberated, so the text says, "Although you have become a renunciate without being transcendent." Liberation is the release of all ties, first of all the objects of attachment. education, the afflictions and the bondage of language, the point of view of thought. philosophical thinking called wrong views and dominant thoughts cannot be freed, so the text says, "Although you have become a renunciate, you have not passed away". Liberation is the release of all ties, first of all the objects of desire, the afflictions and the bondage of language, the perspective of thinking. philosophical thinking called wrong views and dominant thoughts cannot be freed, so the text says, "Although you have become a renunciate, you have not passed away". Liberation is the release of all ties, first of all the objects of desire, the afflictions and the bondage of language, the perspective of thinking.
Right thought is the thinking of liberation and separation, thinking about the escape of all ties, all categories of self-nature, even the subject of thinking. Absolute truth transcends them. The Buddha taught: "The Dharma that Tathagata realized, indeed even profound magic, difficult to understand, difficult to comprehend, sublime silence, not within the scope of logic, delicacy, only good-minded people understand. understand "(Holy Bible, TBK I).
Intellectually people easily overcome the attachment and attachment to the external environment, the temptations of sensory objects, but for thought thoughts that are difficult to overcome, thought is the grasp of knowledge and ability. its power is collated, interpreted through 4 categories called quartiles: yes - no - yes - nor - neither must nor not. All that is an argument. The Venerable Tri Quang called: "The wisdom of this field of discourse is called" the four owls ", called discrimination, the wrong view cannot be called wisdom" (ibid). Without escaping the frameworks of the argument, there can be no liberation, so the text teaches: "the teachers who want to perform the fun of passing away, there is only an expedited way to eliminate the argument."
Right view is illegal, is overcoming all opinions, Right view is illegal, without thinking. That is the meaning of the practice of eliminating the argument to achieve the ultimate goal, the Dhammapada teaches:
"Nowhere without footprints
Out here is not sa
Beings like to reason
Tathagata argues except "(PC Shelf 254)
FOR IMMEDIATELY AND LAST TEACHING
This section is divided into 3 periods: period 1 of the general encouragement, section 2 clarifies the basic doctrine, and details the last 3 teachings.
  1. GENERAL INCREASE
The word "monks, for every merit ... is not the fault of the guide"
The Bible teaches: "Monks, for every merit, you should practice one-pointedly regularly and avoid distractions like enemies." Everything merit is all the deeds mentioned from the beginning 赍 business until the end of the sutra, all these deeds were gathered into the three contradictions: Gender, Concentration and Wisdom. What the Buddha taught, he encouraged to try to practice not to leave time empty and do not allow the unruly mind to have a chance to arise, taking the Dharma as a refuge, the mentality wrapped by the Dharma be peaceful and peaceful. The Buddha's last reminders are not intended to honor the role of guru nor to motivate one's religious or doctrinal development, but only out of compassion and love for sentient beings I want them to attain liberation soon. On the other hand, the reminder is not the commandment of a fastidious teacher, want to create a psychological pressure to impress the future, Buddha as a father loves children, before the separation step hope that I understand and following the path that my father went, for the sake of the child. The text teaches: "showing great compassion, Tathagata has said the Dharma is of benefit in the end, you only try to practice".
How to practice? And where to start? The Buddha taught, "Either in the mountains, or near the deserted lagoon, or under the great life, you should stay relaxed in the small retreat, remember and contemplate the Dharma you have received, don't forget it." This teaching of the Buddha corresponds to the teaching in the Pali and Aham Sutta: "choose a solitary place like a mountain, a tree, a ravine, a cave, a graveyard, a grove of trees, an open field, a pile straw. He sits cross-legged sitting cross-legged, an anonymity in front of him "(Statue of Tieu Du Kinh, TBK). The problem of choosing a place to practice, a few issues need to be posed:
1. If a person who is new to the religion has not yet mastered the teachings, has not taken the precepts, and has not fully observed the precepts, thus virtue has not been achieved yet, but he is in a hurry to find a deserted place to practice. Mindfulness is a dangerous mistake, because the practice of meditation must be based on the attainment of the moral precept.
2. Choose a secluded place, avoiding the predestined to concentrate on meditation is reasonable. The renunciate lives in the city, or near the noisy noisy, living with work, struggling, difficult to practice. However, if you know how to arrange work, find a quiet place like a small room upstairs, for example, you can still practice well without having to find a wilderness.
The method of practice is "remembering and contemplating the Dharma received". That is to have mindfulness, often contemplating the physical objects, sensations, thoughts, and teachings; or contemplating the practice of 37 assistants ... it is important not to forget, "that is, do not interrupt, often recite the Dharma. do not pass in vain, from regret later.
The Buddha is like a physician, the dharma is like a medicine, if a physician has medicine, but if the patient does not drink, the disease will not heal, the error is not caused by the physician but by the sick person, so the Buddha taught: " Tathagata as the physician knows the disease and only the medicine, whether or not to drink is not the fault of the physician. " In the sutras, the Buddha is often called the great king. For example, the Buddha as a physician is very close to human life, which has many illnesses. For example, the Buddha as a guide is also very accurate, the Buddhist texts continue to teach: "Again, like a good guide, a good guide for people, but hearing it and not going is not the fault of the guide" . The teaching is so passionate and humane, that people, who are their own masters, can create a life of happiness or suffering. The Buddha is not a god or god with the power to bless or to inflict, or give himself enlightenment. Similarly the Buddha taught in the Sutta Pitaka when Brahmin Ganaka Moggallana asked, "Because of what causes and conditions that while nirvana is available, there are masters who can lead witnesses who have no witnesses?". The Buddha took the example of Wang Xa, a path to the city, and someone with clear directions. Yet some go astray, some go to their destination. As Nirvana is the same, the Tathagata is only a guide to Nirvana (K. Ghanaka Moggallana TBK I) The Buddha took the example of Wang Xa, a path to the city, and someone with clear directions. Yet some go astray, some go to their destination. As Nirvana is the same, the Tathagata is only a guide to Nirvana (K. Ghanaka Moggallana TBK I) The Buddha took the example of Wang Xa, a path to the city, and someone with clear directions. Yet some go astray, some go to their destination. As Nirvana is the same, the Tathagata is only a guide to Nirvana (K. Ghanaka Moggallana TBK I)
The Buddha's words of encouragement to his disciples were very earnest and clear. The teachings that have been taught need to be practiced, the life is short so that it does not pass in vain. Make your own efforts to move forward, not relying on anyone, even the Buddha himself, because Buddha is only a guide.
II. VERIFICATION OF BASIC BASIS
The word "monks on 4 truths ... no doubt about it"
Buddhist texts teach: "Bhikkhu on stilts for the 4 truths, the teachers still have doubts where they can question immediately, do not keep doubt without asking for answers". The problem raised is that the Four Noble Truths, there is a similar passage in the Journey Business (Ahàm school): "monks, Dharma monks, Dharma monks, monks, and the Dharma monks, are there any doubts? If you think about it, please ask for it in a timely manner, so that after this you will not repent, now we still have to resolve it. "
The teachings of the four noble truths are considered by the Buddha to be the most basic, the most essential of all the teachings taught, so he pays special attention. This doctrine of the four emperors encompasses the Buddhist doctrine system, just as Mr. Xa Loi Phat commented: "Sages, like all the fights of all animals are photographed in elephant footprints, because this is the largest footprint in all on a huge footprint. Also lettered sage, all dhamma are concentrated in the Four頔emperor "(Statue of the Great Dread Sutta). Because the four noble truths are the basis, the understanding of the four noble truths is very important, related to the practice and the process of liberation. So the Buddha repeated, emphasizing to determine the importance of the doctrine of the four truths, on the other hand, resolving all doubts and unknowns, creating a solid belief in these four truths. emphasize: "Buddhists must be deeply aware that the Four Noble Truths are not only the basic doctrines but the most fundamental of the doctrinal fundamentals" (PHKL T.206).
The Buddha asked 3 times, no one doubts, Nau Lau Da identifies 4 truths that are truth, cannot be different, with vivid examples: "The moon can make it hot up, the sun can make it cold, but the 4 truths that the Buddha taught cannot make it different. " That speaks of the theoretical and practical perfection of the four truths.
The effects and effectiveness of the four truths have brought the faith to the disciples, so there is no doubt about those four truths. During 45 years of propaganda, the doctrine of biology has been rubbed and tested in many different angles. Truth is always truth.
III. FINAL TRAINING
From "Monks at that time ... the ultimate teachings of Tathagata".
The final teachings of this section are divided into 3 parts:
1) For the disciple students, when seeing that the Blessed One was about to die, touched, lamented the compassion, the Blessed One consoled that:
a- The presence of Buddha in this world if it lasts longer, it must be time to leave: "If Tathagata longer life in a great life, any combination will have to disintegrate".
b- What needs to be done is Tathagata has been completed, the mission of birth has been completed, living more in life is also no more benefit: "Dharma is self-sufficient and self-sufficient. Tathagata lives for long time no longer benefit any more ".
c- Disciples try to practice and practice even though the Buddha of the body no longer exists but the Buddha Dharma body is still immortal: "From now on, the disciples of Tathagata should develop the practice. As so is the dharmakaya of Tathagata permanently resident ".
2) The Buddha instructed the impermanence of the world and man: "Monks must realize that the whole of life is impermanent, combined and disintegrated". Teach the impermanence of life to encourage the spirit of escape, do not cling to life. Looking at the impermanence of life, two attitudes occur, one is because life is impermanent so take advantage of the opportunity to practice so that time does not pass empty. Secondly, because life is impermanent, it is imperative to hastily enjoy, to live without any responsibility, this second attitude is that of ordinary people who do not know the holy path, not the holy tendency. The Buddha taught the first class: "Life (impermanence) like that, so the teachers must strive diligently to early pray for the self-bringing light of wisdom to eliminate the darkness of ignorance."
Regarding the impermanence of the body, the Buddha taught, "As if the Tathagata of extinction is like eliminating the terrible disease. This is a crime and worth repeating, assuming that the body is submerged in the old sea, illness, life and death "the body is impermanent, if it is not practiced, then it will produce many sins, to the enlightened one, the body is still a final burden, because the physiological physics still have laws. its.
3) The Buddha emphasized again and this is the last teaching about the nature of the human universe: "Be single-mindedly, endeavor to be liberated. The whole universe is volatile or not volatile. are a state of insecurity and disintegration. " He declared this to be the ultimate teaching of the Tathagata. Volatility and non-volatility are all static and dynamic states of the world, which also mean all compounded phenomena. This last teaching is also in accordance with the last teaching in the Aham business: "All things are impermanent, that is the last teaching of the Tathagata" (travel travel).
The last word escapes a flash of intellect, generalizing the true nature of life, as well as the flashing lightning of the wisdom blade that cuts off all attachments, all attachments, all illusions about life. .
APPENDIX
(TRANSLATION SECTION)
SHORT DOCTOR TRAINING OF PHAP TIME COMING SOON (ALSO CALLED A BUDDHISM TRAINING BUDDHISM)
Shakyamuni Buddha, turning the wheel of righteous dharma for the first time turned into veneration Kieu Tran Nhu, the last sermon on the venerable Tu Bat Da La. Those who can convert, He has converted all. Today, in Sa la forest, amidst the longevity tree, he is about to Nirvana. Now in the middle of the night, completely silent, without a sound, he spoke for the disciples in summary of the essentials of the Dharma.
The monks, after Tathagata's death, must respect the pure precepts, such as blindness and bright eyes, poverty, and gold. Know the pure precepts are the great masters of the masters. If Tathagata in life is no different from pure world.
Preserving the precepts, the masters must not trade, sell, trade, repair land, raise people, servants, or animals, and cultivate or trade in treasures. All this, please avoid as the fire pit. Including clearing trees and digging soil. The making of medicine, fortune telling, astrology, weather, digital calendars are not suitable for teachers. Teachers to abstain from the body, to eat at the right time, to live by a clean life, not to attend the world, to the mission of liaison. The spells, the elixir, the mysterious sexual intercourse, and being close to them, then being cowardly, arrogant, are all not allowed to do. Pha self-respect, mindfulness of prayers. Do not hide mistakes, appear strange to fascinate the masses. For the four offerings, must know the amount and know just enough. Whenever donated, it should not be hoarded.
That is the Tathagata summary of the precepts. World is the main agreement with the basis of liberation, so the Tathagata is called Brahminata ruby. Because of precepts, meditation arises, and the intellect has the power to destroy suffering.
So, monks, keep the precepts, don't violate them. Whoever keeps the precepts, that person has good dhamma. Without the pure precepts, all merit cannot arise. Therefore, knowing the pure precepts is the most peaceful place, a refuge for all merit.
The monks, who were in the pure world, had to tame the five senses, not allowing them to be free in the fifth year of sensual pleasures. people. Liberating the five senses, there is not only the fifth year of sensual pleasure, but there may be no more restrictions or restrictions. Like an aggressive horse that is not tamed by a bridle, it will bring the person into the pit. Robbers do harm, suffering only one life, while enemy senses affect many serious lives, the teachers cannot be careful. So the wise have tamed but did not follow, keeping as the enemy, not for unruly. If we assume the five senses unruly, we will soon see them destroying everything.
The monks, the five sense senses by the initiative, so that the teachers must carefully tame their minds. The mind is more frightening than the poisonous snakes, wild animals, enemies, rampant fire is not enough for the mind. Like a man with a bowl of bile and moving and running, only seeing the bile and not seeing the deep pit, like a crazy elephant without an iron hook and ape and the monkey with the forest tree, he will aggressively jump, hard to prevent; The teachers must hurry up and spread, don't be unruly. Unleash the mind, then shatter the good deeds of people. Tame the mind in one place, nothing fails. Therefore, monks, please effort diligently but subdue your mind.
The Bhikkhu stilts, life use food and drink, consider as taking medicine, delicious not bad do not give up, just enough to maintain the body for initiating hunger. As bees take flowers, only get flavors without hurting the flavor, so do the monks. Utilizing the offerings of people who have just got rid of hunger and thirst, are not eager for much, breaking their good thoughts. Imitate the wise, know how much strength your buffalo has to endure, not use it to the point of exhaustion.
The monks, the effort to practice the Dharma during the day, do not allow time to slip away, and at the beginning of the night at the end of the night, do not abandon, in the middle of the night, you have to recite for self-elimination of evil, and the growth of goodness. Do not for the reason of sleeping, but let your life go by, it is not helpful. Remember the impermanent fire that ignites the world, so that in spite of self-reliance, don't fall asleep. The afflictive enemy often stalks us, more evil than the enemy, why can we sleep without being alert? Disturbing sleep in the heart, as well as black cobras sleeping in the house, the teacher must use iron to keep the world that urgently hook it out. Snakes out then should rest assured sleep. If you don't go out and sleep, you're a shameless person. Shame is the most beautiful costume of all. Like an iron hook, shame has the power to overpower illegal things. So the monks, Always be ashamed, humiliated, never, even temporarily, to forget that virtue. Losing shame is losing merit. There is shame to have good legal, not ashamed is no different from dumb animals.
The monks, if anyone cuts off their bodies and burn each one, they must restrain their minds and don't get angry. Must keep the tongue mouth, do not let the sound is not good. The anger that arises is self-harm to karma, to lose merit. The virtues of forbearance, moral precepts, and asceticism are unmatched. Practicing virtue is being called the powerful ruler. Whoever cannot receive such humiliating humiliation as drinking orange juice, he cannot be praised as a wise initiate. Why, because of anger destroys all good deeds and valuable reputation, the future no one wants to see. Anger is more than a fierce fire, so the teachers must be on a permanent basis, not to enter the mind. The bandits of merit do not spend more than anger. The world enjoys sensual pleasures, not religious people, There is no method to control, so anger can be forgiven. And the renunciant who rejects desire, yet anger is unworthy; It was no different from a clear cloudy sky where lightning and lightning were unfit.
The monks, let yourself rub your head, give up the adornment and the good, wear the ruined robe, adapt the handle, beg for alms; Seeing himself so arrogant, but still emerging, he had to radiate quickly. Increasing arrogance is something that people should not have, let alone those who are ordained for liberation, descending themselves to beg for alms?
The monks, the mentality of flattery, contradicts the dharma, so they have to direct their mind. Must be flirtatious sense of flattery just to lie, but the proselytizing can't be like that. Because of this, the teachers need to be righteous in their hearts, taking the virtue of rectification as the basis.
The Bhikkhu stilts, must know who desires more, then because of the many benefits should be much suffering. There are few desires, no ambition, no desire, so there is no such painting. Only like that alone, the less desires have also practice, let alone that it brings enough merit. People with low desires do not flirt around to pray for their hearts, nor are they attracted by the senses. Practicing the virtue of low libido, being calm, fearless, and having a plurality of circumstances, never feeling deprived. There is little desire to have Nirvana. It is less desirable behavior.
The Bhikkhu monks, want to free the suffering, the teachers please consider the know enough. It is knowledge that is sufficient, rich, joyful and peaceful. Knowing just enough, lying on the ground, is also fun, if you do not know enough, it will still be discontent in heaven. If you don't know enough, you will be rich and poor. Not knowing just enough is always enticed by the five sensual pleasures, making people know just enough to be merciful. That is just enough to know.
The monks, in order to pray for peace, peace, and peace, then escape from all the noise and confusion, in solitude and in a relaxed manner. Those who live in peace will be revered by Gods and gods. That is why the masters should leave their possessions, and their belongings, alone, relaxed and deserted, using the `` mindset '' to cut the roots of suffering. If they like their clothes, they will be disturbed by them, such as the longevity tree that the birds gather together, but the painting is still dry. The world is bound, but submerged in misery, is no different from an old elephant that sank into the mud, expecting to escape. It is the transcendent conduct.
The monks, effortless effort is not difficult. So the teacher must practice diligent effort. Small water that flows forever can pierce the rock. If a layman or a lazy person abandons it, then like pulling a fire that is not hot yet has stopped, even though there is fire, it is hard to get fire. It is virtuous progress.
The Bhikkhu stilts, pray for good knowledge, pray for good maintenance and pray for good support, are not equal to not forget mindfulness. Without forgetting mindfulness, all disturbing emotions will invade the mind. So the teachers should always focus mindfulness on the mind. Losing mindfulness loses merit. If mindfulness has strong power, even if it has to be in the five enemies, nor be killed by them, like the battle general, whose armor is paved with copper, there is no longer any fear. It is happiness not to forget mindfulness.
The monks, concentrate on the mind, will stay in meditation. The mind in meditation can comprehend the changing state of the universe. That's why the teachers must always be diligent and strive to practice meditation. Meditation, the mind is no longer scattered. Unfortunately for the country, we have to build a dyke to repair the shore well, so is the practitioner, practice the meditation to keep it from flowing. That is the meditation.
The Bhikkhu stilts, intellectuals are out of passion, always awakening and self-examining, so that no mistakes can be made, so in the Dharma of Tathagata, one has the ability to carry out the solution. exit. Not like that, he didn't have to become a renunciate, he or she didn't have to be worldly. True wisdom is the strongest boat crossing the sea of ​​birth and death, is the brightest light for ignorance, the panacea for all the sick, and sharp hammers for afflicting trees. That's why the teachers should use the wisdom from the tu tu evidence to increase the benefits. Having the wisdom to shine, even the eyes of the flesh, is still the one who sees it most clearly. It is intellectual conduct.
The Bhikkhu stilts, if the argument everything the mind disorder. Thus, although renunciation has not been transcendent. So, monks, let go of the mind of the mind. The teachers want to make fun of passing away, there is only an expedited way to eradicate the argument. That is unhappy comment.
Monks, for all merit, you should practice one-pointedly regularly, avoiding distractions like avoiding enemies. Demonstrating great compassion, Tathagata said the Chief Justice of France a beneficial way to the end. The teachers only effort but practice. Either in the mountains, forest, or near the lagoon, or under the great life, stay calmly, in a small retreat, remember and contemplate the Dharma you have received, don't forget it. Make constant efforts, practice diligently, do not let your life die in vain, and will later be afraid of regret. Tathagata as a physician, knows if the disease is only medicine, whether or not to drink, not the fault of the physician. As a good guide, only good guide for people, but heard but did not go, it is not the fault of the guide.
The monks, for the four truths, the skeptics, they can question immediately, do not hold the skepticism without asking for answers. The Blessed One spoke three times like that, but no one questioned it. Because no monks still have no doubts. Then Venerable A Nau Lau Da contemplated the monks' minds, then told him, Venerable Buddha, the moon could make it hot, the sun could make it cold, but the four truths The Blessed One taught, it couldn't be helped. He taught suffering is so miserable, it cannot be cheerful; practice is the cause of suffering, there is no other cause; cessation is the cessation of cessation because the cause has ceased; virtue is the method to eliminate suffering, so it is true, there is no other religion. The White Buddha, with respect to the four truths, these monks have decided,
The monks at that time, those who had studied incompletely, saw that the Buddha passed away and still felt compassion. Those who have just come to the Dharma, listened to the Buddha immediately, like in the dark night, when the light flashes, they see the road right away. And those who practice have finished, have overcome the sea of ​​suffering, they just think, How can the Religion kill so quickly.
Therefore, Venerable A Nau Lau Da, even though he was White Buddha, said that all monks understand the four truths, but the Blessed One wants to make all steadfast, so he still brings great compassion and training. The monks, should not be sad. If Tathagata long life to a great life again, then the combination will also have to disintegrate. Combining without disintegrating is not possible. Dharma is self-sufficient and self-sufficient. Nhu Lai, who has lived for a long time, is no longer useful. Who is capable of receiving the chemical, then on the gods or in humanity, Tathagata has all chemical degrees. Who can not accept the chemical, the Tathagata has also created chemical factors for them. From now on, disciples of Tathagata please develop the practice. Thus is the legal body of the Tathagata permanent residence.
So, monks, must be aware that the whole life is an impermanent change, there is a disintegration, don't worry about sadness. On the contrary, in such a life, the teachers must strive diligently to early pray for self-sufficiency, bringing the light of wisdom to eliminate the darkness of ignorance. The universe is indeed fragile, nothing is enduring. Tathagata is killed as well as minus the terrible disease. This is a cruel and despicable thing, pretending to be the body that is submerged in the sea of ​​old, sick and dead, so who has the wisdom who would not be happy to get rid of this body like minus the enemy?
The monks, often single-mindedly, endeavor to be enlightened. The whole universe, whether volatile or immutable, is a state of insecurity and disintegration. Well, you guys should be quiet, should not say anymore. The time is running out, Tathagata wants to kill. Above are the ultimate teachings of Tathagata. END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.16/3/2020.


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