LESSON 5: DIRECTOR

UNIVERSAL BUDDHISM 1

SRAMANA=THICH THIEN HOA.

Course III: THANH VAN THUA BUDDHISM

Lesson 5: THE DIRECTOR (NIRODHA GAMADUKKHA) - MISSION OF ORIGIN.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE BY=THICH CHAN TANH.

A. OPENING 

General talk about the Noble Truth  

As in the previous article, to realize, to enter Nirvana, we must cultivate according to the method that Buddha taught. The true, effective method to become a Buddha is the Truth. This part is the most important part of the Four Noble Truths, because if it is known that life is suffering, what is the cause of it, and if there is a strong desire to be freed from suffering to come to the best peaceful realm is Nirvana, but if there is no effective method to accomplish that will, then knowing is much useless and more suffering. Therefore, the Noble Truth is an important part and is taught explicitly by the Buddha. 

Dao has 37 products, divided into 7 categories: 

1 Four dishes of mindfulness (Four mindfulness of mindfulness)
2 Four dishes of Right mindfulness (Four mindfulness needs)  
3 Four dishes of mindfulness (Four thoughts of mindfulness   )  
4 Five bases (Five Facesions)  
5 Five Forces (Five Forces)  
6 Seven Bodhisattva Thread (Seven Bodhi part)  
7 Eight parts Chief Justice (Eightfold Noble Path). 

B. BACKGROUND

MISSION OF ORIGIN  

Definition of the four foundations of mindfulness  

FOUR is four; THE CONCEPT is constant remembering; Origin is the place. The four foundations of mindfulness are four words, four things that austerities often keep in mind. That is: 

Unity of the Body 

Quan Tam impermanence

The Quan Yin Selflessness 

Quan Tho market suffering. 

1. Quan impure body:  Quan means focusing ideas to observe thoroughly. Impure is not clean. Contemplating the body of impure means concentrating the thought to contemplate thoroughly the impurities of our body. 

Saying the body is impure, there are probably many surprised people, protesting that Buddha said it too much. 

What is more precious in life than the body? People wrap it, cherish it, offer it all kinds of things. People give it enough delicious food strange things; People wrapped it in silk, ironed, brocade; People sheltered it in a high building with a large door people dare to do all the unkind deeds to make it happy. The body is valued and respected like that, but it is said that it is dirty and disgusting and anyone can hear it. 

But calmly consider, this body is nothing pure. Right from the beginning of his reincarnation, this body was impure already, because it was caused by two messy things that were constituents and blood samples. In its first state, it was no different from a parasite, then gradually growing to the size of a pea, then a piece of meat, lying in the blood of gore. 

Later, thanks to the maintenance of karma it became human, drowned in a blood-covered veil. The body lay there for nine to ten days, then followed a very filthy path to get out of the womb. Since then, thanks to the food is not as pure as fish meat, but the body grows. If we consider the digestion of food, we cannot help but feel uncomfortable: strange and delicious food, newly swallowed, is also preferred, but when swallowed from the neck one night has turned into impure. , when excreted, no one can bear it, even its owner. Not to say far, this body has not been bathed for a few days and it has been filthy and scattered; The mouth woke up yet, and it sounded bad. In the body, nine holes often flow out impure things such as: great, small, jealous, otters, nose, drool ... very messy. That is to say, on the outside, the inside of the body is more dirty than the cross. When operating a chicken's belly, the pig finds that a pile is covered with, small intestine, large intestine, heart, liver, duck, lung, bubble ... how, then the parts of our body are not What a difference. Especially the digestive system is home to all sorts of foul things, just like a bin. 

That is to say when healthy, when sickness is even more frightening: any talk, any nose, stinking foul sweat can not stand, especially with incurable diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy, syphilis, venereal , nobody really dares to get close. That was when the young, when old, silver teeth, back, wrinkled skin, cheeks, walking weakly, no longer able to prepare the appearance, the more messy. 

By the time of death, the industry is no longer maintained to replace the new class, the skin is worn out, where is it? If not buried in secret, then flies, troi maggots, pungent odor stinking up nobody can stand. 

So this body is indeed impure, no longer denied where it is. But people do not consider it carefully enough to love it, nurturing it all sorts of things: as long as we like, we like, we hate then we hate; enslaved to the body, caused karma, suffered eternal retribution for ever and ever. Also because of the body, that greed, hatred and delusion arise; also because the body was close, direct, sexual birth; also because the body that expect language, dependency, bisexual damage, evil password raging. Hundreds of thousands of faults, because of nourishing this body, they created them. 

So practitioners need to contemplate the body is impure, to avoid craving karma. But how to observe? 

Formerly in India, when a practitioner wanted to contemplate impure body, then he went to the forest where he left the dead body, called the corpse (1) to contemplate in the "Nine Visualizations" of Buddha. This practice consists of the following stages: 

a) Phenomena : On the first day near the side of the dead, the bar became enlarged. 

b) Thanh cong thought : On the second day, the restaurant found it was blue-gray wind.

c) Myth : The third day of pubs is broken. 

d) Blood map : On the fourth day, the flesh and blood fell. 

d) Concentration of imagination : On the fifth day, the corpse died. 

e) Inspiration : On Friday, the bird shop comes to peck to eat corpses. 

ê) Flirtatious : On Saturday, after eating birds, animals tendon, bones, head, broken limbs broken. 

g) Essence : On the eighth day, the blood of meat shop was gone, leaving only the indiscriminate white skeleton. 

h) Holocaust : On the ninth day, the white skeleton burned into ash. 

Nine visualizations, to treat craving for lust. 

Once this custom is mature, the spiritual practitioner sees as thoroughly as before his eyes, body and all impurities, nothing worth cherishing, desiring. Therefore, it is possible to treat lust, which is a very serious and dangerous disease of the human being on the spiritual path. But the contemplation of the impure body is to eliminate lust, not to disgust one's own body, to the point of destroying one's life, like the sixty monks in the time of the Buddha, after having mastered the impure body. , so disgusted with himself and those around him, that he hired a murderer. This is something that the Buddha strictly forbids. 

Nowadays we do not have the eyes of a Buddha to point to women who are sent to harass, and say, "Leather bags full of dirty things, go away, I don't use them. ! ". But thanks to the science that invented radiography, we could clearly see the ribs, spine, skull, heart, liver, throat, lungs of a great beauty, through a mirror. And only that is enough for us to conceive that: Beauty is just a code outside, a skin, but inside, the skeleton is the same, and through X-ray, the skull of a beautiful person, just like a white skull lying on the beach. 

Buddhists, if anyone has developed a sincere mind to practice, then try to practice the "contemporaneous body impure"; If you do not have enough means to practice that custom, then you should never forget that the body is not pure, nothing is so passionate and passionate that it causes so much harm, unforeseen sin. for myself and the people around me. 

2. Contemplating impermanence:  Impermanence, that is, the appearance of our mind always changes, is not normal. What is the general of self-consciousness? It is the distinction, daily understanding, of consciousness. 

People who do not study the Buddha do not recognize the feet as large and throughout the universe, but mistakenly recognize the distinction, the consciousness that is Ta, and claim that the Self is permanent, unchanging, as the pagan There is a self or an abiding soul. 

God is the ego of the "number of commentators". They believe that each of us has a self-arisen, pure self, but because of discrimination, we should realize that the universe exists, and then create the desire, to lose that pure self-nature. So in order for the god to be liberated, you must put an end to all discriminating dishes. End to clean, see, hear, do not know, then the new self manifested, and then realized that because he was born a universe. They said so ultimately, but not knowing that the self is just a delusion. 

And the soul is the attachment of most theology. They think that only the dead body, but the soul in any case will still know themselves, know people, also hears like the flesh, never die ... 

But the truth is not so: our mind is not usually at all. It changes always, when other small, when other large, when there is another school, when not yet another school, when happy and sad, when love when hate, when mindfulness of a place, when dissipating the charm coast ... nothing really is normal. It is the mind of impermanence, it changes all the way, depending on where your practice evolves. If the mind is ordinary then there is no samsara. If the mind is ordinary, then even though spiritual practice does not grow, then the ignorant person is ignorant, the awkward person is awkward, the evil person is always evil. If the mind is ordinary then there is no cause and effect, about the same amount of practice, and the same amount of healing, until the learners and non-learners alike, nothing is different, changing at all. 

Because of wanting to treat that attachment, Buddha taught the mind of "impermanent mind", so that sentient beings realize that the mind is not like a useless invariant thing, not the "I" life, then rely on it that was born not know how much is delusion. The greed, hatred, delusion, ignorance, suspicion, ants, etc. are all caused by the ego's attachment. 

Also because the attachment is often used to read what is due to his nature, can not be amended, such as: " My nature is  often angry, or greedy"; " My nature is very  passionate about singing and singing"; " I  like gambling with alcohol." 

They think it is an excuse, because it is not their fault, but their true self like that, which cannot be modified. Therefore, they cannot raise their minds in a righteous way. 

Therefore, we Buddhists need to contemplate the "impermanent mind" to convert the deluded mind into the enlightened mind, to eliminate ego to get rid of samsara. 

3. Quan Yin method:  Dharma, according to the Sanskrit word Dharma. A translator is a fund, meaning to hold its scope, such as square, long, distorted ... so that whenever people look, they immediately recognize what this is, and not confuse it with other things. The immense meaning of the French word, which refers to all the truths in the universe, not only the tangible objects, to the invisible invisible objects such as turtle fur, rabbit horn, is also called Dharma. 

And self means the owner, is his own self. It is often accepted that the dharma has a self-identity and a separate self. The person who has the formality of people, the things that have the character of things. 

Has accepted his own self, of course there is the self of other people. As for the appearance of an object, everyone is not about one another and about one another. Therefore, born of the mind of humanity, self, despair, appreciation, contempt, disputes, struggles in society. 

But, consider carefully, the law must really have "self minister"? Talking about the six senses, the rupa for the emptiness, the action for the net, the birth and the cessation of death ... is there anything that is truly unique in itself? The ceiling with respect to the base has the appearance, the base with respect to the ceiling has the effect, in addition to the ceiling, there is no root, in addition to the ceiling without the ceiling. As such, we know all things, even if they exist, even if they are bare. 

In the Shurangama Sutra there is a saying: " Causal harmony, disappointment, friendship, separation, fate, and friendship ". That is: the predestined meeting, the false is born, the predestined split, the false decay. So enough know: all legal conditions to each other, in the drama is there, not self. There is no self-expression, that is, "no-self". 

For example, in dreams, because the predestined dream appears, there are scenes. At that time, the dreamer also mistook that it was true, until he awoke to realize that it was a lie in the dream. We too, because of delusion, do not recognize the lies of things. While karmic conditions with scenes, karmic conditions with mind, all things appear in the universe, we think they are real. In fact, the measures are not self-identity, are "no-self". 

We do not know the "selflessness" principle, so in addition to being stimulated by the circumstances, in disturbing disturbances, reeling from the puppet puppet scene. Therefore, although we want to be free, but we have never been free, want to be happy but never be happy, want to remain and still have to roll in the cycle of birth and death. 

If we have witnessed the method of non-self, then one thing can be found throughout the world. The scene is not self, the mind is not self, then there is something that hates, loves, and suffers from samsara. 

Selflessness is the ultimate way of liberation. If everyone knows a little self-cultivation, there is no selfishness and harm, and the sight of the peaceful world is not impossible. 

4. Consumption of suffering in life: Life  is suffering, receiving. Tho Thi suffering suffering means having received is suffering. 

Receiving this is receiving something? 

Receiving here means extremely broadly, meaning receiving all that the world can receive in life. First receiving this body is our own body, this mind is our own mind. This perception is the first source to receive the different things later: in order to preserve the body of life, we receive the eating, the sensation, the sensation, the sensation, the light, the taste, the taste, the touch; tho what makes us happy, excited, happy. And the more greedy, the longer life. From the life span necessary for life, we progress to the ones that are less necessary, then to the luxurious, abundant and useless lives, but because of the habit of greed and greed, one cannot ignore it. In short, every being, every life is a series of continuous receive. 

And it is that perception that is the main seed of suffering. 

First we receive life; But what is life if not a painful school, as we have seen in the suffering? No birth, no old people, no sickness, no death, no love but have to leave, no resentment, you have to meet, etc. It is full of suffering but that is to say basic sufferings. In addition, there are many other sufferings, also caused by feeling such as: receiving something for which you are precious, you are afraid of losing, looking for this way and following to preserve it. But life is impermanent and what is forever? Even in my life, if I can't keep forever, what else can I keep? Therefore, birth sadness, regret, loss of appetite and sleep. And the longer he lives, the more he suffers. The rich are afraid of losing, those with status are afraid of losing positions, those who have a beautiful lover are afraid of losing their lovers, those with great fame are afraid of losing fame ... 

But does it mean that you want to receive life at will? Tho that may meet favorable circumstances are satisfied in the first minute, but life that meets adversity is even more miserable. In life, circumstances are few, and adversity is too much. Normally, we turn our heads to receive one, and the other falls into our hands! Therefore, birth to anger, frustration, suffering. 

That is the meaning of "tho thi du". This practice is intended to treat greed, which is the most serious of afflictions, deeply rooted in living beings for a long time. 

So our Buddhists, who want to eradicate craving, must contemplate "life-span". We must always remember the Buddha's teaching: everyone who receives life has suffering; the more you receive it, the more you suffer. The less life you receive, the less suffering. Of course we cannot let go all at once; But we should sequentially discharge what is easy to discharge, can discharge, and then gradually go to the hard discharge. The longer you discharge, the less it hurts. People often assume that the more they take on gold, silver, jewels, fame, status, beauty, pleasure, the happier they become; but the burden is called burden is also burden, and the heavier the shoulder pain, the more tired legs, the slower walking; in short, the more suffering. On the contrary, if we do not receive, such as beauty, smell, taste, etc., our body and mind will not be moved. For the scene we see nothing desirable, nothing obnoxious; nothing to be happy about, nothing to be miserable. That way, one can automatically free oneself from suffering. 

C. CONCLUSION  

"The four foundations of mindfulness" are the basic teachings in the Paths. Having understood this teaching thoroughly, the practice will be stable. It ultimately overcomes the four great false prejudices of man: thinking that the body is precious is clean and good; think your mind is forever permanent, like an immortal soul; think everything in this world must be forever; I thought that I would be happier if I received tom. 

But the truth is very opposite: 

1) The  body is impure , like a dirty basket, not worth cherishing. 

2) The  mind is impermanent , always changing according to the external circumstances, nothing is permanent and undying. 

3)  Dharma is not-self , has no certain nature, is not true but is as illusory as chemical. 

4)  Life is suffering , for example, when we receive the body, the body is dirty; When we receive the mind, the mind that is impermanent is always changing; I receive things around, then everything is a lie, like smoke, like clouds. Therefore, the more life you receive, the more you suffer. 

So we must always observe and remember these four facts. The more evidence of the four truths as long as the accept ego, mortgage, greed, hatred, ignorance as much less. 

The more Buddhists master these four truths, the more they will follow the disciplines in the Noble Truth later on, such as the four Right Aspects, the Four Pursuits, the Five Faculties, the Five Forces, and so on. have such results. 

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 (1) In India, there are four ways of burying a dead person into a river, cremating, burying and putting it in a forest. END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=GOLDEN AMITABHA MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THICH CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.6/1/2020.