THE WAY OF THE YEAR
PREFACE
As our readers know, Buddha was born to bring a mission unique is the direction being quickly become a Buddha fruit. The Lotus Sutra teaches: "Buddha was born for a great cause , is to disclose to the beings that show the Buddha nature in his place." Thus, the path from sentient beings to Buddhahood , there is only one direction, only one direction, only one goal , as hundreds of rivers are toward the sea, but if in fact , no river looks like Any river, large children, small children, worm, shallow, winding , twisting, flat children,
The path that, if classified with the system , from small to large, from low to high, only the remaining five, ie "Five Thua Buddhism".
If the classification is ultimately more, there are only three, that is, "Tam Thua Buddhism."
But if the summary further, only two factors ie the "Great Vehicle" and "Lesser Vehicle" and eventually just one, which is "Redundant" or "Supreme TT", also known as "Buddha TT".
This booklet has the task system chemistry, and simplifying the path leading to Buddhahood above, for readers with a conceptual overview of the practice of Buddhism .
A. YEAR, OR YEAR
Teachings of Buddha but much to economic disaster, thousands of books, teachings of Buddha but with all four to eight thousand kinds, the general provisions in excess is not outside, or in the main ladder to proceed to position Buddha.
These five steps, for the delayed bases of time in sequence that step, from one step to another. As for the good fortune , it is possible to walk two or three steps at a time . Each step has different methods of spiritual practice and different taste . Low step method to practice easy, simple, and fruits also mediocre. The higher the cultivation takes more elaborate , and therefore, the higher the further . But high, though low, though fast, though slow, The final result is also Buddhahood . Therefore, the Buddha assured with certainty that " I am the Buddha, you are the Buddha . " The practitioner should always remember that statement, to firmly step on the path.
First, let's talk about the first ladder, or:
I. THE WAY OF HUMAN TU
The road to this, relatively easily in the road practice ; so the fruits do not exceed the human realm . The means to practice living in the human realm is the Five Precepts. The Five Precepts are the five prohibitions that the practitioner , after the ordination , must be thoroughly obeyed .
1. The first precept is not killing : If morality is a radical , the practitionermay not kill a born animal, no matter how small. If it is not possible to keep it thoroughly , at least not kill people, or creatures that you do not need to kill. Wanted for the precept is to implement a way not too difficult, the practitioner should always think of virtue "Compassion" mercy all beings , Put yourself in the position of those who are about to be killed , to see their suffering. Personally, for a person, the practitioner should never adopt the idea of killing , even if it is his enemy .
If this world of killing is not present anymore, the suffering, the tears and the cry will be greatly reduced.
2. Second precept is not greedy stealing : After the lane is money, property. People often say: "money is decisive." Therefore, when the money is lost , one sees extreme suffering . There are many people who play crazy , a lot of people have committed suicide because unsparing . Say how to find the value , the power of money , for the vast majority of people died. Therefore, the one who holds the precepts must radically remove the greed from his heart. About greed and suffering both for themselves, while suffering for people. The deceased person has suffered, but the man who tried to steal, rob, steal , and deceive did not find a happy life . Besides, the illogical can not last long . The proverb says: "of gambling to the yard, of the strangeness to the alley". The Law of Cause and Effect never fails to run: one takes his own, the other takes his own, the vicious cycle never ceases. Therefore, the Buddha strictly forbidden to steal , no matter how small things. Of the unreasonable can not be lasting . The proverb says : "of gambling to the yard, of the strangeness to the alley". The Law of Cause and Effect never fails to run: one takes his own, the other takes his own, the vicious cycle never ceases. Therefore, the Buddha strictly forbidden to steal , no matter how small things. Of the unreasonable can not be lasting . The proverb says : "of gambling to the yard, of the strangeness to the alley". The Law of Cause and Effect never fails to run: one takes his own, the other takes his own, the vicious cycle never ceases. Therefore, the Buddha strictly forbidden to steal , no matter how small things.
3. About the third is not adultery : A sensuous as overturning morality , ethics , do disturbances in the port. People who love lust difficult to succeed on the road of life, because of the attempt, the idea dark just disturb the soul , never let the insiders, there is time to do useful work, More beautiful . In the daily press , news of the slashing, shooting each other for jealousy can not tell. A family , in which the wife and husband, Having a decent, clean life , will be respected around the house, and the family will be warm and happy; On the contrary , the family is a hell on earth.
4. The Fourth World is not lying : It is false to mislead the truth of selfishness , revenge, boast, pride , that is, because the private desires are not beautiful . So lie ie fronts used a lie to cover up the truth , not to be nice . The lie , because of that, is an incentive for people to go deep into desire , causing people to continue harassing themselves without fear of punishment , I think my sin will be hidden. In a family , if the familiar lie together, it's hard to keep the faith in love, elements fundamental of the happy family . In society, if people use lies against each other , society is prone to disintegration, because of lack of credibility , the basis of all co-operation in the common life. it's hard to keep the faith in love, elements fundamental of the happy family . In society, if people use lies against each other , society is prone to disintegration, because of lack of credibility , the basis of all co-operation in the common life. it's hard to keep the faith in love, elements fundamental of the happy family . In society, if peopleuse lies against each other , society is prone to disintegration, because of lack of credibility , the basis of all co-operation in the common life.
5. The fifth precept is not drinking: drinking alcohol is not a sin. But the harm is the consequence , the effect of alcohol on the drinker. Wine making rational being pulled , people are not self-employed are anymore. Alcoholics can not get wisdom, discernment , but wisdom , for Buddhism is an element fundamental to achieve Buddhahood . Alcohol makes people who are deluded , more delusion . Alcohol makes society , which is already confused , More disturbance . So that Buddha prohibited drink, let the people be conscious that religious , social relieved many guys crazy , chaos.
The five precepts , if the religious does not commit, the next life will be born human; so that road practice , known as "The excess." But let's not talk about the future in the present , if people follow this five teachings, the human realmdeserves the title , the human being deserves to be called "man". Even if not , then this life is hell and people just have the name, the guise only.
II. THE WAY OF THIEN THAA
Heavenly means the path to heaven . Heaven in the Buddhist sense , not the realm of God, or God . Heaven is higher realms, relatively happy , clean than the human realm . But living in this world, also is not permanent , self at liberation , but also be causal laws of reincarnation and the law of impermanence dominate . However ,
Want to be born in this world, practitioners must practice the ten perfections. The good is the following 10 good things:
1. No greed : Greed is the source of all suffering. Since taking that being angry, so take that into delusion , because taking that killing , because taking that theft, because taking that lustful , because taking that lying , say cruel , said two blades, said additions embroidery Weave . Except participate is except a large part of the behavior , language , thought bad . A person with a lot of lust , certainly never see happiness in this world, not to mention the heaven .
2. Do not be angry : People often say: "mad anger". Indeed, angry people are crazy people , do not know what is right, what is left, what is good, what is bad. Anger not only harms people, it also causes great harm to oneself. People angry like you are hugging a red brazier, are immolations burn yourself.
3. Ignorance : Buddhism is a path of enlightenment , taking wisdom as a means of liberation , so passionate , ignorance that want to be freed , is like the pedestrian want to go to the west, But to orient the next step .
4. Do not kill .
5. Do not steal.
6. Do not commit adultery .
7. Do not lie .
These four worlds have said in the gender , please do not repeat again.
8. Do not say cruelty : I have a saying: "Words do not take money to buy; Choose your words carefully to please each other".
Indeed, the word mellow do not need to buy new search difficult, but just a little attention, keeping a little is. Yet in society , people have used too many words brutality, insults , insulting, defamatory make social truth is suffocated, and see each other as enemies against. It is regrettable, sad, despicable.
9. Do not say double tongue: ( bite ). Everyone knows that people have only one tongue, but because of the way they use each other, here comes this saying, to say the opposite , so people feel like people have two tongue, three tongue, multiple tongue. I do not know where to tell it. True true story fable ESOPE: and a tongue that as well, nothing as good, but the bad they did not do worse . With the use of the tongue like that, certainly social human beings will become a society not of men ,
10. Do not say weaving : ( inferior ). To say we are embroidered , here means to add , "little to much," whose purpose is to grumble tonic song to earn their own.
In order to deal with these ten bad qualities, in the Buddha Sutta teaches the disciple to cultivate the following ten virtues:
1) Do not kill the species, but to be born ;
2) Do not follow the virtues , but must practice the virtue ;
3) Do not steal, but have to give ;
4) Do not lie , but say honest words ;
5) Do not say weaving , but to say the right word ;
6) Do not speak double-edged, but gentle words ;
7) Do not say cruelty , but speak soft words ;
8) Do not desire , but must be impure ;
9) Not angry , but must be compassionate ;
10) Do not delusion , but must be consistent .
Ten good is fundamental to approaching liberation , so in doing ten perfections, Buddha taught:
"Hey Long King ! Such as the realm of the great land, all the hamlets, villages, hamlets, all the land where it is anchored, all the grass on the land where it was born.
These ten karmas are the same; all goodness disasters are shifting where ten good karma is that an established , all enlightenment of Sravakas , Pratyekabuddha , all Bodhicharyavatara and Buddhism are shifting where ten good karma this is accomplished , so the people must Tu study ".
III. THE ROAD OF THANH VAN
Two roads mentioned above, staff redundancy and Thien admit , just the road briefly for the beginner , banal: road first, prevent welcomed us from falling into the world's darkness ( hell , Hungry ghosts , animals ), bring us back to human realities in the next life ; longer road Monday take us farther , to heaven , happy , clean , but there,
Therefore, practitioners need to step on a path leading away or farther , wider two paths before, that is the path of Thanh Van , ie roads take practitioners to four fruits Thanh Van .
Wants to fruition this, to practice the method of the Four Noble Truths . Four Noble Truths are four clear , obvious , correct truths no more.
The first truth Suffering : The world is suffering . Despite the fame , wealth , and much wisdom, not escape the scene of suffering , old age, death, the suffering scene: dear love that must be separated, hated, but living together. In short , the realm is the realm of suffering, and no one escapes .
2. Truth Monday to ultimate : Those that suffering above, so from a long long lifetimes combined again. That is the present suffering , has a profoundcause in the past , not suddenly have, or created by anyone. The cause of all suffering sorrows is the " fetters ". Tie is tied, Su is commanded , controlled. The things that tie beings into the circle of birth and death , let us act, is the following ten items:
1 / Take 2 / terrace, 3 / Si, 4 / Welcoming, 5 / Nghi, 6 / Body is (approved immerse the body are true ), 7 / Bien is ( bigotry false ), 8 / Ta is ( conception improper chief justice), 9 / ants players ( conservative interpretations of his), 10 / precept players ( believed and practiced the precept mistake ).
In ten dishes fetters , the first five items are called filler used , ie dishes negativity deep, heavy nature; remaining five items later called beneficial use , ie dish negativity with nature nimble , belongs awareness . Five items on the basis of deep roots, so difficult to subtract five more than the bottom.
3. Fact Tuesday Killing soles : Killing means to destroy . Extinction is the truth about the state of purity of self , liberation after the defilements have been destroyed . This state is called Nirvana . Nir (Nir) means falling, no more, or escape ; Tables (Vana) means sprouting rolling bunch, clutter , Nirvana is a state separated from the rolling bunch, negativity , Always reside in the deserted desert . Nibbana has the following three qualities:
A / Inborn: not arise, not born again;
B / Pure Land: pure , quiet ;
c / Liberation: no longer bound in the forest maze, suffering completely liberated.
Nirvana ie fruition evidence of the status bar text , after years of cultivation. The fruits have been frustrating four, from low to high:
A / Monasticism or Preoccupation : means entering the holy line.
B / Tue momentum or the future : that is, only one more return to the sex .
C / A on jaw or shameless : that is, no longer back to the world .
d / a la drought or Real birth : ie no birth and death of the three men and dwell on the scene countless medical nirvana balance of Theravada .
4. Fact Wednesday sole director : Religion is the path . Sole director ie road , the method leads to fruition Nirvana . In other words, these are the spiritual practices of Thanh Van . This discipline consists of all 37 items, including the "Noble Eightfold Path," which is often considered the most important discourse.
Eightfold Path consists of :
a / Chief of knowledge : is the true truth .
b / Chief of thinking : thinking rightly.
c / Right speech: speech centrist righteousness .
D / Right Action: Righteous Action.
E / Right Chest: righteous life .
E / Right Honor: diligent practice to progress on the path.
G / Mindfulness: remember the righteous deeds.
h / Right Concentration: focus thoughts on the matter true , for wisdom be found projectors.
Apart "Eightfold Path" also dishes assistant to help practitioners progress on the Path as: Four primary needs , quarterfinals as the excluded , the five senses, the five forces etc ...
IV. THE WAY OF THE DANCE
The path of this practice takes the "twelve conditions" as a means of spiritual practice . This road goes further than the Sanhao , and therefore, the higher the test scores. Meditators go off road , the coming climax ie to fruition Pratyeka Buddha , fruits enlightened highest Hinayana .
"Twelve Causality" is a teaching method only show the practitioner clearly see the cause of life and death of beings to be eliminated. Twelve of conditions are presented, as is a vicious circle , composed of 12 stages connected nextseveral and detaining beings in earthly suffering sea.
The twelve causes are:
1. Ignorance : That is delusion , do not understand is the nature of things, and his heart, pretending to get real, get fussy do right. For example , our body is impermanent and it is common; Our mind is selflessness, which is self-presumption . Ignorance is visualized as a black cloth, covering the pedestrian's eyes, causing the pedestrian to stray and fall into a dark hole.
2. Action: It is action, causing the creation of bad things , mistakes , creating karma.
3. Consciousness: is the ambition of discrimination , attachments have powers and facilities, internal and external circumstances . Due to the attachment should being pleased conservative self, seek a network itself , to develop what we did.
4. Mentality : List is only respects the spirit , Lust is only the aspect of material . Name identity is the total newspaper , the body of sentient beings , while still in the womb.
5. sixfold : sixfold ie six senses (eyes, ears, nose, body and mind) of the pregnancy, gradually being formed and developed, to make ready contact with the external environment , its inception.
6. Touch: contact, contact with the outside . This is said when the fetus escapes the fetus and exposures to the external environment . In this stage, the senses of the baby still crude , not sharpened, sophisticated , so only "exposed" only.
7. Tho: Receive. This is the period when the baby has started to reason , know the difference between fun and suffering, happy before the scene pleases , sad before the scene contrary.
8. Craving: Being craving . When you are happy and sad , you will be craving for love , to prey on what is good , to enjoy , and to give up what is evil , boring.
9. Player: is holding grab. When you love what is good and precious , you will be happy to keep those things. The most precious beings are the body network.
10. Friendship: Yes. Here we speak of covetousness , and the desire to preserve (create) that creates an afterlife , which continues the next.
Birth: Being born, is the beginning of another life.
12. Lao : It is old and dead. Once living, all must be old and dead.
In the serial 12 stages of rebirth , if analyzed in order of time in three generations ( past , present and future) and you will find the following:
Ignorance and practice is under now's the past , this meant two human food in the past to the results reported in the present are: consciousness, mentality , continental enter , contact and feeling.
As for love, friendship is obvious and karma in the present to create the retribution in the future are: birth and old age and death .
Thus, we find this charming Twelve closely followed, as causal , from past to present , from present to future sometime interrupted .
Practitioners practice the method , the first to observe the apparent act Minister of twelve predestined this; Once thoroughly comprehended executive minister of each group, the practitioner must find a disadvantage within wire twelve predestined him to cut it out, do not let it continue to do more effective workers.
The downside to that ring , is " lust " ( craving , passion). So practitioners must target audience is "love", to attack, as the general march , after that is front of the enemy, knowing the weak spot, immediately rushed to the attack force there. Want to destroy the "love", the practitioner must always control his own heart, not let it charm, immerse in the appearance , fake photo outside. Once you have controlled , destroy the "love" then, the cause of "player" does not anymore. Player did not have the "right" can not be where it arises. Friendship does not exist,
The position Pratyekabuddha after rid of karma illegally terminated by the cycle of rebirth , will evidence fruition Pratyeka Buddha is the fruition highest Hinayana .
V. THE WAY OF DAMAGE
This is the widest , most distant path of the five paths to the buddhahood . Only those inborn solid , aspirant great, will brave dare to embark on a path thousands of miles this. So those who want to go this way , first of all, to despise all the hardships of life, despise property and life ; There must be a broad concept : to think that beings and beings are not different,
1 / beings are not the number, the vow of all. - beings are all sentient beings , there is life in this world . The number of beings as much as the Ganges sand , can not be counted. There are many types of beings, each category is composed of many factors , many conditions , many different circumstances . But although there are so many unspeakable and complex qualities , bhikkhus do the will .
2 / Endless affliction, the vow is all clean. - From innumerable to now , beings cause to create countless afflictions ; These troubles of nature are also complex , from crude to subtle , from shallow to deep within the glass, so infinite . But the unfortunate practice the bodhisattva , resolutely vow to eradicate thoroughly.
3 / teachings unspeakable, vows were studied . - Beings were immeasurable, negativity has made , the method for the treatment , of course, also have many countless matter. Therefore, there is the expression "thirty-six thousand dharmas", indicating the great number of disciplines that the Buddha has created. Although the practice many unspeakable, but once meditators practice the bodhisattva also voluntary retreat for all.
4 / Buddhism nothing more, vow to be a member . - Innovations are the fruits of Buddha that is a fruition most noble, but also the most difficult. Nevertheless , who practiced well bodhisattva , decided come to fullness completely , not be at rest before the ultimate destination.
Practitioners every day, every moment must always remember thinking, reciting four words vows that, never be distracted . There was a rise to such extensive and, practitioners are enough to overcome a thousand hardships and difficulties that awaits him on the road to practice their religion , to come to fruition fullness , noble ultimate above.
The practice of cultivation of the Bodhisattva many unspeakable, in the scope of this article, we only ask speaking of the practice but the monks under the bodhisattva , often extrajudicial elaborately most, ie the law at that time. Altitude or paramitas , that is overcome , come to complete . Living beings in the sphere of life , as the victims of the sinking ship, drowning in the dark sea . Disciplines as the boat has the power to save the drowning victim was, to put ashore bright, peaceful and happy, away from all the dangers of darkness , in the sea of life suffering . The gradient is:
1. Giving : Giving is to bring, the, all that you have, give it to everyone .
Seeing people lacking what they have, they then give, regardless of whether it is body or fist, friend or foe, a race or other race .
G gifts are of three types:
A / Grant: Giving money, equipment , body network .
b / France pilots: Giving by Dharma , meaning bringing Dhamma out except ignorance , wrong views , attachment of beings .
c / fearless contestants: generosity by giving to others is not fear , the calm, sanity before any danger, catastrophe .
2. Morality : Morality is to preserve , not to commit the immoral , not to think evil, not do evil.
The rules of law are numerous, but can be divided into three categories:
a / Photography laws Comfort gender : are keeping the precepts majesty of Buddha mechanism, to prevent the sin of body, speech and mind.
B / Emancipation of the dharmas : to practice good deeds , to benefit oneself and others, such as the practice of good things, generosity , loving speech, etc.
c / utility Nhieu charming world: the cultural level , sufferings for all species of beings in the world .
In short , it is possible to say that morality is to prevent evil, not to arise and to do good. Thanks to the morality that the three karmas are pure , the good merits arise, beings are benefited .
3. Patience : Patience is keep calm his heart, before all the circumstances , not resentful before adversity , being charismatic front upon the scene , equanimity before success or failure.
Patience can be divided into four categories:
A / The conquest of rings : is not arrogant self-esteem before the admiration , reverence of beings .
B / Insuffering the ring : is not angry , hate the cursing, beating of beings .
C / Inner Rings : Respect for inner afflictions . Do not let your heart be disturbed by bad things , such as greed, hatred, delusion, etc.
D / Foreign exchange ring : is despise to not complain , resentment before the hungry cold, the beating, the body .
In short , patience is endurance , calm for all cases , whether against or favor, whether praise or criticism, whether from inside out or from the outside brought in, whether spiritual or material Substance .
4. Effort : Crystal is pure , no pollution , Tan is going to always. Effort means always single-mindedly toward goals of liberation and enlightenment , not to let the defilement dominant , never lose heart, despite having deterred adversity how difficult.
Essence can be divided into four categories:
A / For the unborn evil, diligently keep not arise.
B / For good things that have not been born, diligence makes the quick rise.
c / For the evil was born, diligently eradicated .
D / For the good things that have been born, diligence makes growth faster .
In short , effort has the power to destroy the evil that causes the good to grow, so that the practitioner comes to the path of liberation and enlightenment .
5. Meditation : Meditation is observed to eliminate the prospect coast crazy; Dinh is to focus on a scene. Meditation is dedicated attention to a situation certain to find out the truth and then based on that practice .
Meditation , including many legal practice, such as:
a / shop windows ie : is dedicated to observing the breath not let wandering interjected .
b / shop impure : is observing the ugly , dirty in all things in life, such as observing the body we saw all the bodies in them nothing is beautiful , clean , and As old as the more evil , and when the dead, there is nothing rotten.
c / shop compassion : is dedicated to thinking on love ; camp kindness compassion on all beings, all things , like mother's love for her children.
d / shop predestined : is observing all legal entities in the world , from mote to mountains and rivers great earth , are so many predestined harmony that success, not by a born creator Noa. By so predestined harmony , should also due to causes and conditions that disintegrated, but nothing is forever lasting .
e / Quan Buddhist concept : is dedicated to the memorial to the Buddhas, the memorial to the Minister of Buddhist faith, to imitate and to let the mind from wandering under wandering .
In short , these disciplines, have great power . Thanks to the consistent approach that practitioners may restrain been craving , keep your mind from chaotic , except anger, increasing love , more wisdom .
6. Wisdom : Wisdom that is lucid , realize true facts , know to distinguish evil, pastor, real damage, except to be screen out of ignorance dense, long life long life covered entities of the universe Human life .
Wisdom can develop, due to:
A / Wisdom: means specialized hearing, learning the Dharma;
B / Capital: means thinking, thinking about the right , the right;
C / Wisdom: means practice , cultivating according to the Dharma , righteousness. In short , wisdom is location wise , has the power to eradicate ignorance , illuminating the truth . This wisdom is done by hearing, meditation and practice according to the Dharma that broadcast.
As we have described in the preceding paragraph, in the methods of cultivation of row Mahayana Bodhisattva , Luc degrees , or six measures paramitas is the practice commonly applied in a way that effectively most. Buddhas and Bodhisattvas fullness are deeds of self-interest and the benefit of others largely have taken legal force due to this fundamental .
B. THREE OR THREE THINGS
As we have seen in the preceding paragraph, Buddhism is divided into five categories, such as the five ranks so that the practitioner can step up .
Who have no aspiration to high far, just want to be a human being, then stepped up to the first level; He wants to go higher than the human plane , to heaven , then step up to the second level; The person who wants to become Arhat , no longer floated in the cycle of samsara , then step up to the third level; who want a taste Pratyekabuddha , or Pratyeka Buddha , then walked up the fourth level, people want to become a bodhisattva , helping save lives, goods of beings , then stepped up to level five.
This year-end, if the simplicity of it, there are only three grades, ie Three redundant , ie Theravada , Chinese ministers and Mahayana .
Chua, or Whale, means the car. Hinayana , small car; Middle of the vehicle is medium; Mahayana is the big car. Passengers, want to get tired and get to the destination, ie to use the car. The car has a small, medium and large. Small cars can carry only one person, medium car carrying three people, large vehicles can carry a lot of people.
I. THE NORMAL
This includes human, celestial and linguistic . As mentioned above.
Want to go to his realm , you have to ride him, the Fourth Noble ; That is , you must keep the Five Precepts .
Want to go to heaven , you must ride Heaven, ie Heaven ; That means that one must cultivate the Dharma .
Want to come to the bar scene , you must ride the bar , ie the Van Thanh Van ; That is , you must practice the Four Noble Truths . The Human, Divine, and Barramundi fields are one, called the Hinayana , because these three classes are just for the sake of their salvation, just like a small car carrying only a few.
II. MEDIUM
Mid- size car is medium, can carry 5.7 people. To go to the realm of pratyekabuddha , the practitioner must ride the Pratyekabuddhahara , ie the Middle Vehicle, which means to abide by the twelve factors of causation , flow and perfection . Because of this, this excess is also called extra thrust . The extra facet of retreat is called the Middle Vehicle , as it is wider, higher than the Sanhao , but lower than the Bodhisattva . This is a ladder intermediary , let every Theravada easy steps to each Mahayana . The fruits of this excess is Pratyeka Buddha also called Pratyekabuddha or Single senses . This position was fully enlightened being its part, but not enlightened by many for being .
III. DAI THUA
This is the widest, highest path of the three , ie Bodhisattvas . Wants to fruition Bodhisattva , the practitioner must ride Bodhisattva , ie religious Luc Van Hanh degrees . The reason for this excess is called the Great, as was provided for being a method to practice large can of themselves as well as beings come to the brink of enlightenment altogether .
In short , these three Thua as well as three vehicles. Hinayana is a small car like a bicycle, only one person can carry, if one is too fried one more is the same. Medium is medium car, like a car, can carry 3.4 people. Mahayana is a large car, such as camels, trains, ships, etc., can carry hundreds of thousands of people at once.
C. TWO OR TWO WAYS
Who cultivate , want fast and less tiring to the destination, all have to use all kinds of vehicles, or Theravada or Middle excess or Mahayana . The car, the last car to the destination is the Buddha . But Theravada then go slow and just be for a little of the practitioner only. The Middle School is moving faster and is about seven people; As Mahayana goes faster and more people at one time, that is, self-immolation and forgiveness .
Now, to go into the content issue , we take a sequential comparison , the differences and similarities between the two ministers like.
The singularities, the copper between the Hinayana and the Mahayana .
I. THINKING
1. The concept of human beings and the universe : The concept of human birth, Mahayana or Hinayana also that the world is suffering. The vastness of the sea is derived from ignorance , from infinite, not created by one. Responding to this suffering, Hinayana seeking to distance themselves from the world, leaving family , denial of work , careers that all things in life are not worth worrying about. Just how to self-cultivation self to liberate yourself.
Mahayana is found realms of life are suffering and need to end exclusion. But they are not far away from life, but on the contrary struggling in the suffering to save beings . They see that they can use all the means available in the world to be self-aware and sensual , not to have to hide from the world, to find a place where they are in the desert for cultivation . The world is suffering, but suffering is nothing but a dream ; The dream is exhausted. Therefore, without hiding realms of life, that just convert the scene about the Enlightenment. So the realm of Ta she may also be the realm of purification for those who know how to live with people who enlightened . Therefore, there is a sentence: "the sea is immense , but turn around and see the shore".
Theravada and Mahayana are the universe is vast , limitless wealth wharf, without beginning and without end, and not as a god any creativity at all. But while Hinayana thinks that the universe is real, beyond the mind, the Mahayana assumes that the universe as illusory , as chemistry , and the scene with mind can not be separated, that is, the mind is just one, impossible. part.
2. The Concept of the Buddha: According to the concept of Theravada , only one Buddha only , appeared ago 2508 (since 1964 dl.) In India is Buddha Shakyamuni . Before that, there was no Buddha at all, and there was no Buddha later.
According to the concept of Mahayana , the Buddha Shakyamuni is just one of countless Buddhas have appeared in the legal world this. Before him there are many Buddhists, after he will have many other Buddhas born. Buddha Shakyamuni is the body of the Buddha, manifest in this realm to save sentient beings . He is the reincarnation of Buddha, should be present in this world to do the cardinal in the present ,
In addition , in a general way, every being has Buddha nature , if the fullness of Buddhism , will become a Buddha .
II. FORM
1. Theravada : Gender is often also called Primitive , ie sect observes all the forms , precepts that the Buddha had prescribed since ancient times, when the Buddha was in the world . The monks wear yellow robes , open shoulder and right arm, do not eat too much, do not keep money in person. They went out for alms , and in person only the eight items needed were: robe, sunshade fan , sandals, bowl , sticks, water filter, needle.
Generally, in terms of form , Theravada not advocate converted to co era , with movement, not borrowed form as a means to chemistry degrees and spread Buddhism .
2. Mahayana : Adaptation of this, on the contrary , there is no genitive conservatives , especially conservative form . Depending on local circumstances , the times that the form be changed appropriately . From the temple, dress , to the way of living, Mahayana are different Hinayana. Mahayana monks do not go begging , but the boys at the temple, they make a variety of different colors, depending on each country, each country. Each temple has arable land to feed them . They set out many rituals, many etiquette to the means of religion , spread the Dharma .
In general terms, Mahayana is a positive nature to enter the world , should use more means to chemical beings . They are not uptight form ; All forms of virtue are acceptable . Thus they keep up with the progress of the times , and can develop the Dharma no matter where or when.
III. METHOD OF COMING
1. Theravada : French professional practice of Theravada include : Five Precepts , Cross charity , the Four Noble Truths , Cross II predestined , legal contemplation , as Office news , shop Impure , consistent compassion , Mini Forever Often , The Selflessness etc ...
2. Mahayana : Mahayana is still learning , practice the method of Hinayana , but they do not see enough to advance on the way to liberation and achieve the Buddha, so in addition to the above disciplines they also practitioners at that time , the Four photographic methods , Ngu intelligent etc ... hence, the position Patriarch back longer rely on the sutras of Buddha to promote, establish the practice as Pure Land Buddhism , Zen , Vijnaptivada , United strict cardboard etc ... Thanks to the promotion of this doctrine of Mahayana very prolific , every aspect, suitable for all frugal , respond to every trend cultivation of every country , Every society , every stratum.respond to every trendcultivation of every country, every society , every class.respond to every trendcultivation of every country, every society , every class.
IV. RESULTS YOU TU CERTIFICATION
Doctrine and practice of the two vehicles but did not differ in fundamental , but because of low, highly heterogeneous, so the results enlightenment is not the same:
1. Theravada : Theravada emphasis on individual rather than mass, more freedom of forgiveness , should fruition enlightenment also lower, narrower than the fruition of Mahayana . As we have seen in the section on the fruits of years of excess, the fruits, the lowest was born again as a ( Human redundant ) and fruition highest Theravada is Arhat . The only evidence you are realms Friends y Nirvana balance , ie realms Nirvana not entirely ultimately .
2. Mahayana : Mahayana because many doctrines , disciplines profound than, should fruition stock is also ultimately completely . That is the Bodhisattva fruit , the fruit of the Immaculate Nirvana . Ultimate vow of the Bodhisattva , the practitioner will be attained Buddha, is the fruition ultimate in Buddhism .
V. THE EFFECTS OF THE MAINSTREAM AND STORM IN THE COUNTRIES
Mahayana and Theravada is now two sects biggest Buddhism . These two sects are both developed and prevalent in parallel, but can be divided into two distinct areas :
1. Hinayana or Theravada : The reason Theravada also called Theravada , because of the influence of this sect is strongest in the South Asian countries like India , Sri Lanka , Burma, Thailand, Laos , Cambodia .
2. Mahayana or Northern tones : If Theravada thrive in the South, the Mahayana left are prevalent in the north. Therefore, there is a noun from the North to call Mahayana . The countries belonging to the Mahayana as: China, Korea , Japan , Vietnam etc ...
FOR. CONCLUSION ON TWO
In fact, the cult of Buddha only the best taste , not divide Mahayana and Theravada anything. Not through his teachings, depending on the basis of the listener has depths are shallow, wide, narrow. And the listener, find the teaching that suits him, then follow the teachings that practice . Therefore, Dr. Mura kami, a study Buddhist wisdom , which says:
"The Buddha is not Mahayana or Hinayana , because these nouns are set out later. The truth , Buddha Theravada no distinction Mahayana or the change ".
Actually, this is only the second step that the Patriarch wanted to pose for Buddhists easy steps and custom power alone that step. If you find yourself strong, your legs are long, then step two hiccups once ; And if you find yourself not enough, then step by step step by step, both less effort and just be sure .
To conclude this section, we quote the following passage by Professor Macda: "The teachings of Buddha Shakyamuni as seed , teachings of Theravada as twigs and leaves, and the teachings of Mahayana as Flowers and fruits. After the seed has been covered and when the time is ripe, the results appear. "
D. Redundant OR DARK Ultimate also known as Buddhayana
As we have said in the preamble, Buddhism no matter how much practice , how many roads , but withdrew just a way common, leading to a purpose eventually . That is the road also known as the ultimate excess , ie road the highest, leading to the summit.
We should remember that, even if we have a practitioner of the Mahāyāna , there are followers of the Divine nature , there are omens , pratyekabuddha or Bodhisattvas , but we all aim for one direction. Hundreds of rivers, large and small, shallow, muddy, different, but also flow to the ocean . Those rivers, can not go in the opposite direction. Pedestrian depending on media , health , circumstances , others walking slowly, people go fast, others ride walkers, others go out every way, to stop and rest, others look forward to coming Destination should go a circuit , No matter how hard it is, it does not stop. Anyhow, it can not go in opposite directions, but to myself that: "We all go to the East, the sun rises" is. They can only differ in the medium , can not be different in the end goal . Although they are nationals way, when you want to go into the water Buddha, there must be a paper passport the same, the same play a mold mark the same, that is, " Your mind and publications ", if special Mahayana it " The most real generals ." Can not call themselves Buddhists but refuse accept impermanence , selflessness ,
The aim of Buddhism is the purpose of the highest, is the purpose of the supreme ; hence the word "ultimate legacy" to indicate the path running to fruition Buddha. The Bodhisattvas , though, possess the divine magic , are self-conscious and selfless, have the will to save all sentient beings , but can not be called the Buddha. Can only be called the Buddha, the beings were self , sense of forgiveness and after combining well have fullness . "Sensory happy fullness" is a condition extremely difficult, which in addition to the Buddha, No one can do it . Of course, to get the sense of well- fulfillment , must undergo countless times past generations. But anyway, for Buddhas, time has become meaningless . Because the concept of time , as well as space , is only for sentient beings , not for Buddhas, Buddhas are beings who have been able to enter with one another , beyond relativity , unable to speak. Speech , noun, or a form in the realm of life relative to this but imagine a way ultimately be. It is only possible to generalize that the Buddha is the highest fruit of the pagans . To position this, that is to be completely liberated , fully enlightened , full of divine power , liberation , have enough four virtues: Often, Bliss, Self, Pure. It is only possible to generalize that the Buddha is the highest fruit of the pagans . To position this, that is to be completely liberated , fully enlightened , full of divine power , liberation , have enough four virtues: Often, Bliss, Self, Pure. It is only possible to generalize that the Buddha is the highest fruit of the pagans . To position this, that is to be completely liberated , fully enlightened , full of divine power , liberation , have enough four virtues: Often, Bliss, Self, Pure.
SUMMARY OF THE ENTIRE MAP spontaneous
This is the last book in the whole , 10 volumes of the "Map of the Buddha". We sincerely thank and praise the spirit needs to learn your readers , have tracked us to learn Buddhism through 10 volumes of "Map spontaneous". Although these 10 episodes are just like the lectures, nothing is huge, but the reader, despite how much memory , is hard to remember all. Moreover, the way practitioners of Buddhism , as presented, more numerous , with one short, one long, one horizontal, one vertical, one large, one small, one straight, Curved, hidden, visible Therefore, readers may get blind, when they first look at it. And even if you see one by one, it's hard to remember it all. Especially for those unfamiliar with reading the map, not grasp the method of reading the map, when traveling, also get lost as usual.
By the thought that, before temporarily leaving you readers dear , we see there is an obligation to review an overview of the path that we have introduced from the first episode to the last episode, and simplifying Map map spontaneous . Called a review, nothing new. However , it will help give you the reader a quick overview, shop bracelets to identify the position of his. Once you've called chemistry, of course these details cumbersome,
These avenues can be divided into the following categories:
- The way of the masses : This way , rather, not of Buddhism alone . Those who want to change their minds , eat honest , virtuous , know the right , can go this way .
- The road tu ordinary Buddhists : This is the path for those who already know the Buddha, go to temples , feeling the three provisions of the world , doing things normal of a Buddhist home .
- The road cultivate the expertise of the monks : The road is reserved for those who have left home . It has the nature of isolation , professional and fond of a certain aspect, a certain discipline in the classics . This type of road has many strange shades, which the beginner can not understand, or may get lost , if engaged; This road consists of many branches as follows:
1 / Law of religion
2 / Pure iron
3 / Meditation
4 / Honesty
5
6 / France flowers
7 / Strict flowers
8 / Tam co religion
9
10 / Honest
- Road convent of factors: The road is the road often Buddhists best known. It consists of five stages, from low to high, from easy to difficult, which aim ultimately is directed to Buddhahood . The five stages are:
1 / Multiply, whose goal is to be born again after life .
2 / Heavenly, whose goal is to be born heaven .
3 / The bar, which the goal is evidence of Arhats .
4 / Pratyekabuddha admit, that objective is attained Single sensory or Pratyeka Buddha .
5 / Bodhisattvas surplus, that goal is proof Bodhisattva results .
In these five stages, if the division is brief , there are only three leftovers or triangles left :
1 / Hinayana
2 / Intermediate
3 / Mahayana
If the classification is more abstract , there are only two or two surplus :
Hinayana and Mahayana .
But Theravada or Mahayana , the aim ultimately is also directed to the Buddha fruit. All Buddhists whether depart from a point away, then it finally also met at one point only is the fruition of the Buddha.
Therefore, after eliminate all the differences, the color difference, Buddhismis only one way a large single is Buddhayana .
Dear readers , "Map spontaneous" here was completed . You have clearly seen all the roads on the map, from small to large, from easy to hard, from low to high. You can not go wrong anymore. Now is the stage of decidingyour position. You make choices taking the path you want to go. Of course you must be very careful , consider , ponder for a thorough, watch the road will fit with inborn ability, liking your taste. Then, prepare for pay , Luggage then boldly step on the road. Having clearly seen the way to go, and carefully prepared to deal with any uncertainty, the journey is miles away from unfinished . END=NAM MO CAKYA MOUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.6/6/2017.
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