Karma & Willpower.

"Monks, I call myself the will (cetan ā) is karma. By the very will that beings produce karma through body, speech and mind. "

 Karma is one of the important doctrines of the major religions of India, but there is a difference in karma between these religions. The belief that men carry merit or sin to the next life appears in the Vedas; Although the Vedas emphasize sacrifice, this is the main way of receiving divine grace. 

In Buddhist doctrine, karma holds a meaningful place. Ethically speaking, karma theory clearly has a great influence on the thinking and behavior of those who believe in it, and thereby create their personal way of life, which inevitably has an influence. Into social life.

Karma (kamma, karma) is action or behavior; But kamma is not just behavior or concrete actions but also includes thoughts, attitudes and wills. And in Buddhism, a behavior, word or thought forms karma only when they have cetana or intention and purpose, ie, behaviors, language, intentions, views , Attitude ... is made or motivated. In the  Sangha , the Buddha said: "Monks, I call the will (cetan ā) is the will. By the very will that beings create karma through body, speech and mind " ¹ .

In Buddhism, when it comes to kamma, one will refer to kamma and karmaphala. That is an act when it is created, it will result in a result that the creator will reap; And the result is good or bad depending on the person he sowed. If a person "injures himself, injures or injures his mind", he will "be born in a world of harm," and they will suffer. Conversely, if a "do personally to no harm, made export assume no harm, as the operator no harm," he will born in the world unharmed and without suffering ² . Thus, each person's life is determined by the person himself, or in other words, by his work or behavior. He decides: "I am the master of kamma, Karma is the organs, karma is dependent, the fulcrum is the fulcrum. Which profession we will do, good or evil, we will inherit that karma. ³

The surplus of self-employment means the impact of karma. And depending on the karmic or evil one will be reborn in different realms. The Sutra says: "It brings the feeling of  hell, which brings the feeling of a birth-born creature, which brings the sensual realm of the hungry ghost, bringing the world into a sense of humanity. , Which brings forth the world of the Divine sensation . "  And people will be affected by karma not only in the present but also in the following lives, and this in the business is called dharma:  "Monks, I declare that there are three kinds of kamma In the  present life, in the next  life, or in the next life " ⁴ .

Thus, understanding karma is the understanding of the cause and its consequences. And observing situations that happen to ourselves and the society in which we live is helping us to understand karma or understand the cause and effect.

Buddhism does not believe in a powerful Almighty God nor accepts divine sacrifice according to the Vedas, and so does not believe in the laws set by the divine, and accordingly there is no divine reward. Bring people Therefore, whatever human experience, whether suffering or joy, is not due to the influence or influence of the divine, but to the actions of man, and the future of We depend on our actions. That is the law of cause and effect. The Law of Cause and Effect is the dominant and decisive factor for human justice. The Law of Cause and Effect is not a reward, but just as its name is a law of cause and effect.

The important ethical aspect of karmic doctrine is that every action results in its creator. A good, good kamma will bring forth good and good karma, and vice versa bad and unwholesome kamma will lead to bad and bad kamma. Because we must take the results that correspond to our artifacts, so it is a personal responsibility for each person. No one can escape his karma, when the karma is created. In the  Dhammapada , the Buddha said:  "Not in the sky, in the middle / Not in the mountain / No place  in the world / Truong n bad fruit."  Such causal theory makes believers believe that they live a good and good life and avoid an evil and evil life.

But it is important to note that karmic doctrine is not a career and the present human life is not necessarily the result of past behaviors.

Humans are influenced by past kamma and can also transform them; And our present life is not entirely due to past kamma but also to the direct impact of new kamma. An evil or good deed in the present life can not be merely a manifestation of the effects of past kamma, but it may also be a new kamma. One who suffered a bad consequence in the present life, is not necessarily the bear of the consequences of past life. In interdependent interactions, causality overlaps; The fruit has the kernel and the kernel has fruit. Thus, a good or bad behavior is responsible for virtue because one is not only affected by past kamma but also at the moment of action.

And so, the status and status of each person can also be transformed, not in the afterlife, but in this life; And social life (the community) can also change. Gratuitous and industrial, therefore, is not something invariant. At this angle, we see the Buddhist doctrine of openness and humanity. It does not teach how a person is born with a caste, how he or she has to be like, to change, to wait for the next life, Present life. 

The Buddhist doctrine is not as determined as some sects in India advocate, such as the Āīīvika, who claim that all actions are predetermined by external destiny, Can control their behavior; Man has no choice in deciding his future. If man is totally governed by past kamma, then it is difficult for him to develop morals or virtuous life. 

In the Sutra,  the  Buddha says: "One who follows, the monks: 'How is this man doing karma, how does he feel like that?' If the event is so, the monks, in the absence of life Brahmins, there is no opportunity to specify the suffering of the right path to kill. And this monks, who say the following: 'This person is how to feel Karma, how, he feels so heterosexual, so. If the event is so, the monks, during the life of Brahma, have the opportunity to specify suffering suffering the right path to kill. ⁵

According to Buddhism, such people have the freedom of their will to decide their life. As seen in the Buddhist scriptures, and even in the social life, even very evil people can become sane by their own effort. Thus a person's xinxing or evil nature can be modified by his own will, and sometimes by the impact of circumstances. However, freedom of will is not always absolute, and human beings can not only by willpower and energy alone can change their identity. 

Our life, and even the actions we perform, can not be determined solely by our will, but by our habits, our temperament and our karma; The habits, the gas, the karma that may have accumulated for a long time. Man in this interdependent world of bondage is, obviously, conditioned by habits, beliefs, education, culture ... Given that man is an independent subject, No matter what the materialistic or psychological aspects of the material are, it is impossible to see in the Buddhist view. Such people have freedom, but not absolute freedom. However, as has been said, people are also not powerless to decide their lives as the Ājīvaka have conceived. Man is responsible for his past karma but can also transform it. 

The concept of past karma dominates people and they can not do or do nothing with their lives, according to the Buddha, a misguided view that leads to suffering. In the  rise in costs b in Buddha see Makkhali, who took the position of business as such, may cause harm and suffering to many people: "Just as, monks, in estuaries have put a Fish trap, bring unhappiness, suffering, damage, damage to many fish. Likewise, these monks, foolish Makkhali appear in life, I think as a fish trap for man, lead to unhappiness, unhappiness, disadvantage, suffering, hurt, hurt Harm to many kinds of sentient beings ". ⁶

Thus, karma in Buddhism is not a career, and the present man is not subjected to the full force of past kamma, so that man can decide and choose at some level. What i do There are so many people who can practice, practice, eliminate akusala, develop good to benefit not only for the next life but also for this life. If everything in this life is. Predestined, determined by the special career and the community of beings, there is no place for morality; And responsibility is nothing but an illusion. 

In the  rise in costs b in ⁷  Buddha said that if the people have the opinion that "In every feeling about this man territory, happiness, pain or no pain, no peanuts, all due to human industrial past" And clinging to the fact that because of karma we become killers, thieves, greedy people ... "these people will have no desire, no effort, no 'This is a must do', or 'This is not something to do'. " So one side of our personality is affected by past kamma, but one can also change personality by what should and should not do.

The law of karma helps us to stay awake, to keep watch over and reflect on what we are doing and doing. In the  Rahula Rahula in the Ambala Forest  , the Buddha told Rahula that when doing something, one must contemplate whether or not it causes suffering to oneself or not. If a job results in suffering for oneself and for others, it is akusala and results in suffering, so avoid doing it. 

And if a job, or a word, brings benefit and happiness to oneself, then it should be done, and that will bring good results. Thus, we can choose and determine our behavior, and thereby determine the outcome of that behavior. And in the understanding of some, free will in Buddhism does not focus on whether our will is governed by past kamma, but by focusing on being free to decide Determine the things that bring happiness or suffering to yourself and to others. 

Or, according to the scriptures, we are free to think of what is good and evil, thinking about what we should do and should not do: "Hon. What is unwholesome? What is guilty? What is not guilty? What is the need to practice? What is no need to practice? What have I done to be without benefit and long suffering? Or what have I done to benefit long-term peace and happiness? Because of it ... the land ... weak intellect. The path to wisdom is weak ... benefits, long-term happiness? " ⁸

Understanding and believing in karma theory will make us more cautious in our actions, even the smallest. The Buddha said that not thinking small mistakes will not come back in our future lives. Small accusations that accumulate can submerge us. Also, do not think that small virtue is not done. Many small virtue jobs will merge into great dignity. As drops of water will fill a large pot.

Karma is a doctrine of cause and effect, and in the most recognizable aspect, this doctrine teaches us that if we behave in a careless and unwholesome way, we may fall into the darkness; Conversely, if we behave carefully and have mindfulness, we can avoid the avoidable disasters. Thus, believing in this doctrine is to help people be more cautious in all their thoughts, behaviors and speech. END=NAM MO SHAKYAMOUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.28/6/2017.