The Noble Truth Tuesday in the Four Noble Truths is there a way out of suffering, from the continuity of dukkha, restocking. This is called noble truth of the cessation of suffering - Killing Truth, that is Nirvana, Nibbana or more commonly, in Sanskrit Sanskrit called Nirvana.
Want to eliminate dukkha completely, one must kill the root of dukkha is that desire or craving "tanha", as we have seen in the above. So Nirvana, also known as anti-affinity (Tanhakkhaya): The killing might desire .
Now you will ask: But what is Nirvana? Many books have been written to answer the question quite naturally and simply that, however, they only confuse the issue further than to clarify. The only reasonable answer to the question is: can not be answered fully and satisfactorily by the noun, because human language is too poor to express the real nature of the Absolute Truth or Ultimate Reality Nirvana . Human language structure and use to express things and ideas that their senses and conscious experience.A super-human experience-type, as the experience of absolute reality, does not belong to that category ,. Therefore no words to describe this experience, as well as the fish is not in its vocabulary word to describe the nature of the hard soil. The tortoise told his friend the fish that he has just returned after a walk ponds on land. "Of course you'd say he was swimming on you?" The fish said. The tortoise tried to explain that "it" can not swim on the hard ground, and people walking on it. But the fish insisted on a level that can not have something like that, there must be a liquid, such as its lakes, waves and "people" must be able to acrobatics and swimming there.
Nouns are symbols to express things and ideas that we know, and those that do not carry symbols and can not bring the true nature of even the most ordinary things.Language is considered deceptive and misleading in the matter to understand the truth.Therefore Lankāvatāra (Lankavatara-sutra) teaches that a fool is attached to the noun as well as an elephant bogged down (1).
But we also can not do without the language. But if Nirvana is expressed and explained in words confirmed, then it is easy to snap up an idea associated with these words, but in fact may be the complete opposite. So Nirvana is often couched in negative terms (2) - perhaps a less dangerous form. So Nirvana is often referred to by such negative nouns: Tanhakkhaya : anti love, "the annihilation of desire"; Asamkhata , unconditioned: "not be combined, not restricted"; Viraga , alobha: "Do not take"; Nirodha , "The End"; Nibbana , passed away: "The blow off" or "The extinct".
Let's look at some definitions and descriptions of Nirvana as found in the original Pali:
"That is the ultimate cessation of desire itself: dispose of it, reject it, get rid of it, ripped out of it" (3)
"The silence of all things is limited, abandoning everything bad far, the cessation of "lust", liberation ended, Nirvana "(4)
" O bhikkhus, what is the absolute unrestricted (Asamkhata)? that is, the monks, the extinction of desire (ragakkhayo), the extinction of hatred (dosakkhayo), the extinction of delusion (mohakkhayo). this, monks, that call is the absolute '. (5)
"Hey Radha, the glimmering of desire is Nirvana" (6)
"O Bhikkhus, though there are legal (the animals) restricted or unrestricted, and of these measures freed ( viraga, free from desire) is the highest., It means freedom from arrogance, greed eradication (7), uprooting the ties (knots), severing the continued, would destroy lust , liberation, termination, Nirvana ". (8)
When asked Sariputta Parivrajaka (Buddhist relics), disciple of the Buddha, saying, "What is Nirvana?" Answered Sariputta also like the Buddha's definition of nouns Asamkhata above: "The passing away desire, the extinction of hatred, delusion ". (9)
"Renunciation, shattered desire and craving for the five aggregates: there is the cessation of dukkha" (10).
"The termination of samsara (bhavanirodha) is Nirvana" (words Musila, a disciple of Buddha). (11)
Later, talking to Nirvana, the Buddha taught:
"O bhikkhus, with the not born, not growth, not restricted. If no one is not born, not growing and is not restricted, there would be no escape for the students, the growth and limited. because the not born, not growth, is not limited, so there is a way out for the birth, the growth and limited ".(12)
"There is no room for the four elements: earth, water, wind, fire, and the concept of length, width, raw, health, bad, good, and matter (noun and shape) are completely destroyed, neither this world or the next life, there is no coming or going, no death or birth, there is no sense objects. " (13)
Because Nirvana is couched in negative terms like that, so many people have a misconception that it is negative, and expresses self-destructive. Nirvana is definitely not the annihilation of self, because there is no self no annihilate. If there voila destruction is the destruction of the illusion, of the false idea of self.
Not incorrect to say that Nirvana is negative or positive. The idea of "negative" and "positive" is relative, and is located in the area of treatment. The names would not be used for Nirvana, absolute truth, it outside capital and relatively sensitive-materials.
A negative word not necessarily indicate a negative state. The Pali or Sanskrit to health is only ārogya, a negative word, which means "no sickness". But ārogya (health) is not only a negative state. The word "immortal" (kr. Amita or Pali Amata) is also a synonym of Nirvana, is negative, but it is not just a negative situation. The negation of negative values is not negative. One of the synonyms of well-known Nirvana is liberation (Pali Mutti, Skt: Mukti). Nobody said that liberation is negative. But even liberation also has a negative aspect. Liberation is always freedom from something obstacles, vicious, negative. But liberation is not negative. So Nirvana, liberation (Mutti or vimutti), absolute freedom, the liberation from every bad episode, freed from greed, hatred and ignorance, freedom from all nouns treated, from the relatively, from time and space.
One can have an idea of Nirvana as Absolute Truth of Sex Discrimination in, Dhatuvibhanga, of the 140 of the Majjhima-nikāya (Central Business). Sermon extremely important this was to Pukkusāti Buddha (mentioned earlier), whom Buddha saw is intelligent and enthusiastic, met in a hut of potter painting a quiet night. The essence of the highlights in the business segments as follows:
"A human being is formed by six elements: earth, water, fire, wind, no (space) and informal. They analyze them and realize that nothing is" mine "or" me "or" my ego "(falls and falls head). They understand consciousness appear and vanish like, the feeling of pleasant, unpleasant and neutral, and disappeared out the back. From that knowledge, mind they become open, no longer bound. Then they found in them a pure peace (exhaust - upekha), which they can control towards the attainment of any high spiritual state do, and they know that the calm (gently) that will last pure for so long. But then they thought:
"If I focus the pure contempt into realms not-very-border and developing a heart standard according to which, voila just a creation of the mind (samkhantam) (14). If we concentrate the pure contempt into realms of knowledge-wheel wings , into realms wheel-organic basis (none at all), or in the realm of non-non-ideal (no perception will not perceive) and develop a mind conforming thereto, that is just a creation of the mind. "and what they do not composed of consciousness, do not want birth (bhava) or annihilation (vibhava) (15). because they are not artifacts, not to be born into or perish before the world should not participate, because not participated before should not worry, because they do not fear the peace (cessation finality - paccattam yeva parinibbayati). And they said: "the birth was over, life was pure life, what should be done was done, no longer has anything to do". (16)
"Now, when a person feels happy territory , suffering or not-funny-not-suffering, they know that that feeling of impermanence, that feeling that binds them, that they are not the territory it with desire. Whether that feeling any way, they still its territory without being bound to it (visamyutto). They know that everything will calm feeling when physical disintegration, as well as lamp oil and wick off the burned-out.
"Therefore, O bhikkhus, a person like that is going to be wisdom wins, because knowledge of the cessation of suffering is wisdom wins.
" The liberation of them, based on truth, not shake. This monks, something unreal (mosa dhamma) are so evil; What reality (amosadhamma), Nirvana, is as true (Sacca). Therefore, O bhikkhus, a person that is going to be the absolute truth. Since Truths (paramam ariyasaccam) is Nirvana, but Nirvana is reality ".
Elsewhere the Buddha used the word truth must replace the Nirvana: " I will teach people the truth and the path to the truth " (17). Here certain truth means Nirvana.
Now what is the Absolute Truth? According to Buddhism, the Absolute Truth is: there is nothing absolute in the world, that all things are relative, limited and ephemeral, and did not have a no unchanging, permanent, absolute self, soul or Atman inside or outside. This is the Absolute Truth. Truth is never negative, though there is a word of truth usually negative. The implementation of this truth, which means to see things as they really know, without illusion or ignorance (ignorance - avijja) (18), is the extinction of desire and the cessation of suffering that is Nirvana.
It should also be recalled, here, the view of the Mahayana Buddhist Nirvana is not unlike birth and death (19). One thing is samsara or Nirvana according to all you look at it - subjectively or objectively. This view of the bar might have been developed from the ideas found in the original Pali Theravada Theravada Buddhism, which I just briefly discussed.
Incorrect to think that Nirvana is the natural result of the extinction of craving. Nirvana is not the result of anything. If it is the result, the result has to be generated by a cause.It will "be incurred" and "restricted" (compounded). Nirvana is not human nor is the effect. It was not incurred as a mystical state, spiritual, mental, like Zen (dhyāna) or Concentration (samadhi). There Truth. There Nirvana . The only thing you can do is find it, do it. There is a path leading to the implementation of Nirvana. But Nirvana is not the result of that road (20). You can go to the mountain along a path, but the mountain is not the result, the consequences of the way. You can see the light, but the light is not the result of the show.
People often ask: What's behind Nirvana? This question is untenable, because Nirvana is the Ultimate Truth. If it ultimatum, there can not be nothing behind it. If there is something in it that's after Nirvana, not Nirvana, is the Ultimate Truth. A monk named Radha put this question to the Buddha under a different form: "Nirvana is to be used in a what purpose?" The question assumes that there is a public purpose or finality for Nirvana. Thus the Buddha replied:
"Hey Radha, this question was not intended to place. People holy life with Nirvana as the final can enter into absolute truth, as the purpose of his life, as its ultimate end." (21)
Some common phrases misleading as "Buddha entering Nirvana Nirvana or Bat" (Parinirrana) after his death gave rise to many imaginary thinking about Nirvana (22).When we hear the question: "Buddha attained Nirvana or parinirvana", I thought as a state of nirvana, or a world, or a position in which there exists a certain, I tried to imagine it over the meaning of the word "exist" that I have known. Words commonly used "Nirvana" nothing equivalent in the original. There is nothing called "Enter Nirvana after death". There is a term used to refer parinibbuto death of a Buddha or Arhat was Nirvana, but it does not mean "to enter Nirvana." Parinibbuto simply means "completely gone" "completely blow off" or "completely destroyed" because Buddha or Arhat no birth and death after death.
Now another question arises: What happens to the Buddha or an Arhat after death, parinirvana? This question of the kind of questions are not answered (impossible theory, avyakata) (23). Even when the Buddha spoke about this, he also showed that no words in the human vocabulary to describe what happened to an Arhat after death. When replying to a (wanderer Parivrajaka) Vaccha name, the Buddha taught that words such as "birth" or "unproductive" does not apply in the case of A-la-Han for his legal - life thought color, and consciousness - the legal-looking terminology such as the words "birth" and "born" to follow, has been completely destroyed and rooted out, never arise again after death.
An Arhat after death is compared to a fire gone out after only put some more wood, or wallet with an oil lamp wick that has expired. Here we must understand clearly and transparently that what is compared with a lamp was turned off is not Nirvana, but what is for to fire off a "human" five aggregates made Nirvana. This point should be emphasized because many people, even some great scholars, have misunderstood and misinterpreted this example when it comes to word Nirvana. Nirvana is never compared to a fire or a lamp shut off.
Even a common question: If there is no self, no Atman, who performed Nirvana?Before continuing on Nirvana we ask questions: Who am thinking now, if there is no self? We have seen previously that the mind is the thinking, thinking that no ideology behind. Likewise, the wisdom (pannà) awareness, was empirical. No other self behind the realization. While discussing the origin of dukkha we saw that anything - people, animals or entity - if it is the nature of birth, it has also within itself the nature, the germ of the termination, cancellation Removal. That suffering, birth and death, reincarnation with the nature of the students, so it must also be the nature of the destruction. Dukkha arises because "craving" (tanhà), and it ended by wisdom (Panna, Prajna). "Education" and "Hue", both in the five aggregates.
Thus arose the germ of the five aggregates as well as the germ of the five aggregates are terminated in the five aggregates. This is the true meaning of the teachings of the Buddha's reputation: " It is right in this body, we have a world, and the way leading to the cessation of the world. " (26) This means that all the Four Noble Truths are found within the Five aggregates, ie, within us (here the word "world" (loka) is used in place of dukkha). This also means that there is no external power generated causes the cessation of dukkha and.
When wisdom was opened for training in accordance Wednesday Truths (the Eight-Fold Path), it immediately found the secret of life, the reality of all things, as they really are. When the secret was discovered, when the truth is found, then all reeling capacity arising out of life and death in the line of hope, become quiet and artifacts can not add any more now, because no still hope, no longer mortal desires. It's like a mental illness are healed, when patients discover the secret causes or illness.
In most religions, perfection can only be reached after death. But Nirvana can be done right in this world, do not have to wait until death to "reach" it.
Who have realized the Truth, Nirvana, is the happiest person on earth. He freed from any "guilt" and obsessive, all sorrows and anxieties make others miserable. Mental health of the person completely. They do not regret the past, nor to dream about the future. They live entirely in the present (27). Therefore they enjoy and enjoy things a pure, no projections. They are happy, joyful, pure enjoyment of life, the senses are calm, there are no worries, peace and serenity (28). Since they liberated desire, selfishness, hatred, ignorance, arrogance, conceit and everything "impure" did evil.They clean, from the air, full of mercy sweeping, compassion, kindness, sympathy, empathy and tolerance. They serve others in the cleanest way, since no longer think of themselves. What they did not cash in, an area containing nothing, even the things that are spiritual, because they were free from the illusion of self, and the desire "to become."
Nirvana is beyond all notions of duality and relativity. Therefore it is beyond our conceptions of good and evil, right and wrong, there is not. Even the word 'happiness' (sukha) used to describe Nirvana has an entirely different meaning. One day, Sariputra said: "Oh you, Nirvana is happiness! Nirvana is happiness!" Udayi then asked: "But, friend Sariputta, what happiness can there, when there is no feeling?" Answer Sariputra extremely philosophical and beyond ordinary understanding: "It is not new that feeling is happiness."
Nirvana beyond reasoning and judgment (atakkavacara). Whether we go on thinking of the metaphysical debate - which is usually a pointless pastime of knowledge - about Nirvana or Ultimate Truth or Reality, we will never understand Nirvana that way. A child in the kindergarten should not also cause the relative legal timber. Instead, if it learns a perseverance and diligence, that one day it can understand the law. Nirvana is "let the sages in their own experiences" (Paccattam veditabbo vinnuhi). If we follow the path a persistent perseverance, cultivate and purify yourself a diligent (diligence) and reached the necessary spiritual development, one day we can do within our Nirvana - without hard place because the noun trouble and clatter.END=NAM MO CAKYA MOUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.WORLD VIETNAMSESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.21/2/2017.
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