Chapter VIII 8.

Eightfold Path  (Magganga )

B ace-Fold (Eight Elements of the Path) is:

1. Right Understanding ( sammà-ditthi ) 2. Right Thinking ( sammà-sankappa )	Tue (pannà)
3.Chanh Language ( sammà-vaca ) 4. Right Action ( sammà-kammanta ) 5. Right Livelihood ( sammà-ajiva )	About ( sila)
6.Chanh Effort ( sammà-vayama ) 7. Right Mindfulness ( sammà-sati ) 8. Right Concentration ( sammà-samadhi )	Concentration ( samadhi)

All eight elements of the Path are present in the Pure Knowledge ( lokuttara -nanadassana -visuddhi ).In periods prior Purity, Right Speech, Right Action and Right Livelihood present only in sex ( sila-visuddhi ), not present in the Pure Mind ( Citta-visuddhi ) and the remaining Purity.

That is why, in the context of the Assistant Path ( bodhi-pakkhiya-dhamma ), gender ( sila-visuddhi ) nature "depending where non-attachment" ( viveka-nissita ), etc .. in accordance with teachings following ( Magganga Vibhanga ):

"He develops right speech characteristics not dependent on attachment, depending where the state does not participate, depending on where the state ends, toward the summit is letting go. He develops Right ... Chanh network dependent feature not lesbian ... "

This passage does not mention Morality ( sila ), which tends to favor the pleasure forms of existence (bhava-sampatti ) and dependent on the cycle of rebirths ( vatta-nissita ). About Pure ( sila-visuddhi ) of those have deliberately not attempt to reach the Holy Paths and fruit in this life is not really adibrahma-cariyaka-sila , "virtue lies in the essential nature of life Holy ", and the like are not really classes  bodhipakkhiya , assistant director. However if there is a tendency to try to achieve nirvana in the next life, it can be  parami-sila , About Three-La-Mat, a component of  vivatta-nissita sila , "The Lord has pm an end user lives around. "

These expenditures Right Speech, Right Action and Right Livelihood of pure Eightfold Path among Morality ( sila-khandha ), and thus really is a state of moral perfection. Those factors are also called three  -cetasika virati , three mental states abstinence (physical and verbal).

Right Thinking ( sammà-sankappa ) are concomitants "thinking" or "ideological concepts" ( Vitakka cetasika ). Since this was the signal for the advance with Wisdom, and Wisdom was the leader, should among Tue ( pannakkhandha ) of the Eightfold Path. Right Thinking is threefold refusal thoughts, ideas no anger, and no violent thoughts ( nekkhamma -sankappa, abyapada-sankappa , and  avihimsa-sankappa ). Like other people have been detained, or burning enemy encirclement, or like fish in the net, in the tank, or in the muzzle, like a bird in a cage, (can not eat or sleep), day and night, nurturing embrace only those thoughts to escape from the place that danger. Likewise, those who diligently applied its best categories chief Need ( sammappadhana ) to escape out of a myriad of "old evil has now arisen in the past" ( akusala kamma-uppanna ) and countless " now a new evil has not arisen "(akusala kamma anuppanna ) must surely bear fruit in the future. Reflection of falling into similar situations as "Thought Waiver" of the Eightfold Path ( nekkhamma sankappa magganga ). This is the kind of Thinking ( sankappa ) looking to get out of the suffering of the round of existences ( vatta-dukkha ).

Thinking associated with the state focused on the kindness ( Metta Jhàna ) called  abyapada -sankappa , "adosa thinking", the thought does not include anger; if in connection with the state focused on compassion ( Karuna Jhàna ) is called  avihimsa-sankappa , "thinking very violent", the thought does not include violent cruel heart. Thinking associated with the kind of focused attention ( Jhàna ) left called "rejects thinking" thoughts refusal ( nekkhamma sankappa ).

Four Chi's Path: Right Understanding, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration has been mentioned in Chapter VII, discusses seven Factors of Enlightenment.

Ajivatthamaka-sila , [1] is the practice with the aim of eliminating the "kingdom of evil is" broad in career stream ( ditthi anusaya ), belongs to the group's earthly About Eightfold Path ( lokiya silakkhandha magganga ). That was the period sex ( sila-visuddhi ).

Eight sections of "About termination by Right Livelihood" This ( ajivatthamaka-sila ) is divided into two categories: one for goods and laymen for religious persons. Three related abstinence unwholesome body ( kaya-duccarita ) and four related to export unwholesome ( Vaci-duccarita ) in World of laypeople. Bat World and Decalogue [2] is part of the world on sophisticated.

For household products, including 227 About precepts ( Vinaya ), relating to the export industry and professional bodies. The rest were recorded in the Vinaya ( Vinaya Pitaka ) is part of the world on sophisticated.

As the plants mature in the soil, six stages last Purity start with Tam Tinh development on lands first is sex ( sila-visuddhi ) [3]. Score especially with mixed gender, which solidify, Purity year period (in the world) in the middle. In the case of Saturday stages Purity, Pure Knowledge superpower, gender Living in it because it is one, exactly the same with the three components of Gender ( silakkhandha ) superpower in the Eightfold Path. The reason is because, in the case of sex, the object of distinct attention object Purity of five stages in between; but along with an object, and the public ( saha-JATA ) with Purity superpower.

Here ends the explanation and classification  sila  (group morality) of the Eightfold Path.

About group Concentration ( samadhi ) of the Eightfold Path, there are two different developments.First, is the way of the yogi to practice Vipassana pure ( suddha-vipassanà-yanika ). After completion fullness sex and solidification of Body Contemplation firmly in, he does not follow the path of Tranquillity ( samatha ) that step right into the path of pure insight as Pure Knowledge, etc .. And Nghi Tinh . second, is the way of the yogi to practice both, Tranquillity and insight meditation ( samatha-vipassanà-yanika ). He started meditating until Tranquillity attained the Zen floor ( Jhàna ) as Private Meditation, Zen etc .. II before starting practice Vipassana, through the stages Ants Tinh, Tinh Nghi etc. Then ..

In practice the two lines,

1. According to the practice of pure insight, the three elements of the Eightfold Path group Concentration ( samadhikkhandha ) duty Tranquillity concentration and purification of the mind ( citta-visuddhi , Tam Tinh) through three types of Dinh named Void Dinh, Dinh unconditional and chose not to. 
2. In practice Tranquillity new insight then, three of the group Factor Concentration duty Tranquillity concentration and purification of the mind ( citta-visuddhi , Tam Tinh), through three stages: preliminary, or preparation phase, also known as Temporary Concentration ( parikamma samadhi ), Access Concentration ( upacara-samadhi ); and then, on the stage of insight, because two tasks on Concentration Void etc .. responsibility.

However, during the two legal practice sex and Body Contemplation, three of the group Factor Concentration in the Eightfold Path temporary suspension of duty ( khanika-samadhi ).

Here ends the explanation Group Concentration

Two elements of the group to complete the task Wisdom Wisdom's two practice - pure insight and insight after completing part of Tranquillity - solid after consolidation phase Gender and Body Contemplation . This is true for both, the world Factor in the Keys and the Eightfold Path superpower.

Remember ( sotapatti )

Now Master (Ledi Sayadaw) will refer to the Path of stories in Save, or Tu-Da-Huon Path (Sotàpattimagga), the Noble Eightfold Path. Remember that this book is only aimed at the lowest level of the Bible stories, ie " Bon-sin-san "  sukkhavipassaka sotàpanna  [4]. Now there are countless beings as Visakha, Head Assuming Anathapindika, Sakka, the Four Great Heavenly King (catumaharajika-deva ) etc .. are still continuing to enjoy the happiness and comfort of lives around God lives in the scene. The beings he is also very much in front of seven lives in the sphere (the lowest in the heavenly sphere) and a life in the world of Brahma six corresponding to Tu Zen, or scene Thien Quang Fruit ( Vehapphala Brahma , the realm of Brahmas enjoy large fruit). The number of lives in the corresponding celestial Profile Zen, Zen Two and Three Meditation is not certain.

Why is he called the ranks in Save ( Sotàpanna )? Countries of the five major rivers and five hundred small rivers originate from the Himalayan mountain ranges (Himalaya) never flow back up the source, but always downstream flows down, out into the sea. So we called  SOTA (flowing water, or tidal flow). Likewise, the Aryans ( ariya ) never falls back into the secular state ( puthujjana ) that always progressed (still in a state of Noble,  Ariya ) until achievement parinibbana ( Anupadisesa -Nibbana ).

In the case of flesh ( puthujjana ), although the situation has reached the high heavens, but nothing guarantees will no longer fallen into hell a-Pi ( Avici ), the lowest realm. But with the Saints ( ariya ) is different. Regardless reborn in circumstances, these He never could fall into four woeful, which always tends to be reborn in the higher realms current realm. Worldly person ( puthujjana ), even though he can be reborn in Lust, Caution ( rupa loka ) and Formless ( arupa-loka ) with three moral roots (Tihetuka brahma ) [5], still can be reborn again on one of the four woeful ( duggati ), as dogs like pigs, do the creatures are born without moral roots ( ahetuka ) [6] yet.

Oil realm or living circumstances yet to be reborn, the Saints ( ariya ) never rot chemical, which is always more and more forward, these higher realms realms ago, this situation much happier Previous situation. Until we reached the summit, completely terminated Aggregates and enter parinibbana (Anupadisesa-Nibbana ). Evolution of the road straight up that he underwent called  dhamma-SOTA , "Stream Dharma". This path consists Stream Right ( sammà-ditthi-SOTA ), Stream Right Thinking (sammà sankappa-SOTA ) etc .. to Stream Right Concentration ( sammà-samadhi-SOTA ).

"Stream Right" means the state firmly establish the scope Right ( sammà ditthi ) wide, which was the light of the Four Noble Truths to shine brightly. Right vast scope of this is set by substituting class anusaya  great, latent tendencies of Personality Belief ( Sakkaya-ditthi ), the great vastness.

This status quo is like when the night ended, the sun shone, the drooping night daylight is set. In the same realm of Right light setup is reinforced through many lifetimes, many world-cycles, until achievement  Anupadisesa-Nibbana,  parinibbana. This light grew gradually, each life to shine and become more solidly than the previous one, another life to life. It is like a person born sick fin how blind in both eyes, but seeing good teacher, good medicine, are treated properly, should recover its label. Since sick fin terminated, he could see the mountains, heaven and earth, moon, stars etc .. and so lights up the eyes for a lifetime. Likewise, Noble in Save ( sotàpanna ariya ) achievement of knowledge about the three characteristics ( ti-lakkhana ) of existence and the Four Noble Truths (Four Noble Truths). He will not lose knowledge. This is the meaning the "Sub Path 'Right' of the Eightfold Path is firmly established." Classics teaching [7]:

Sammà-ditthassa sammà-sankappo pahoti.  [8] "The places that have Right Understanding, Right Thought progress".

According to the explanation above, if the Right is solidly established, Right Thought - including intent and practical way to get out ( nekkhamma ) the unhappy circumstances of life and to protect others from the atrocities and suffering - becomes increasingly stable and growing, their lives progressed more than the previous one, until the reach the ultimate goal. This article suggests ways that Right Thought is solidly established.

Sammà-sankappassa sammà pahoti Vaca.

If the intention and the practice is solidly established in order to escape the unhappy circumstances of life and to see the other person is not tortured and suffering, right speech, true words, not four verbal (Vaci-ducarrita ) tarnish and will become increasingly strong. This is how that right speech is solidly established.

Sammà-vacassa sammà-kammanto pahoti.

If the President is firmly established language, speech will be clean now, three kinds of unwholesome body ( kaya-duccarita ) were excluded and Right evolved. This is how to consolidate Right.

Sammà-kammantassa sammà-ajivo pahoti.

When views, intentions, words and actions became clear, the living forms also clean and we never can absorb vile way of living pollution. This is how the Right Livelihood be strengthened.

Sammà-ajivassa sammà-vayamo pahoti.

When views, intentions, words, actions and ways of living become clean, they will have that kind of power and even try never embraced living immoral, perverted wrong. This is how the Right Effort is strengthened set.

Sammà-vayamassa pahoti sammà-sati.

Likewise, Mindful of the capital derived from pure practical efforts Morality, Concentration and Wisdom, becomes more and more firmly established, from life to life. This is how that mindfulness is solidly established.

Sammà-satissa pahoti sammà-samadhi.

Likewise, Chief Concentration derived from state capital intently while mindful practice Sila, Samadhi, Wisdom, also became solidly durable stability, and therefore more likely to develop mind control. This is how the Right Concentration is solidly established.

Above is the way in which the eight Elements of the Path - that eight of the Eightfold Path ( magganga), called  dhamma SOTA , Stream Dharma - solidly established and evolved through many lifetimes and how many cycles of time from achievement stage in Save ( sotàpanna ) until finally enter parinibbana ( Anupadisesa-Nibbana ).

Although stable since Body Contemplation progress as mentioned above, but the practitioner was unable to reach a steady state ( Niyama , sustainable steady progression) should he not serious enough to become saint human ( ariya ). The main "Path" ( magga ) of rank in Save ( sotapatti magga , in Save Path) is the beginning of Stream of Noble ( ariya-SOTA ). Once in Save Path approaching the yogi has entered the scope of you Saints.

Thus teaching:

Pajjimsu papunimsu'ti Sotam Sotàpanna adito.
"He called in Save for the first time came in, or approaching, Stream of the Aryans."

Here ends the section addressing the question, "Why is he called  Sotàpanna , in Save?"

Just time to move to the stage to become Saints yogi took the prisoners out of state ( puthujjana ), is no longer "being in the world" which became Supramundane ( lokuttara ). He no longer bear the suffering of the cycle of life ( vatta dukkha ) for realization of Nibbana. Since success in Save Path and Fruit, and through the many lives left front, and he never falls back down. The longer he can not revert back to class latent tendencies ( anusaya ) Body of Knowledge ( Sakaya-ditthi ), which means that he can not return to the status of prisoners ( puthujjana ). He strengthened the firm's first Bible stories Huu Du Nirvana ( Sarah upadisesa-Nibbana ), that Nirvana was realized in the present life and, in the remaining lifetimes, will enjoy more happiness in sight humans, devas or the world of Brahma.

"Eight Chi's Path" arise together this contract to the Saints, even in moments attain the Paths ( magga ) and fruit ( phala ) superpower. For flesh and blood has class, good karma in the world ( kusala-kamma-lokiya ), ie the three components of the group About arise only in connection with the improvement of the world now ( sila-kusala-kamma ). But the three components of the group Concentration ( Samadhi ) and two components of the group of Wisdom ( Panna ) arising in connection with the types of karma ( kusala-kamma ).

Although three of the group Truth About Expenses associated with only good karma of the world (sila-kusala-kamma ), places it firmly consolidated the Saints as  avitikkama , "can't-of-range" during the lifetimes rest.

Here ends the explanation of the Eightfold Path. [9].END=NAM MO CAKYA MOUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.3/12/2016.