1. Kamma

"All beings have their karma." - China A Ham

A. Estimate the causal laws in the field of ethics is Kamma, Kamma [1].

Born Again is a natural corollary of karma. Kamma and New Birth are two basic teachings of Buddhism are related intimately.

From before the Buddha, the two doctrines of Karma and Born Again has been extensive spread in India. However, the Buddha explained take full report and presented his sublime teachings, so far still circulating.

Why the disagreement in humanity?

We have to explain how the difference is like injustice in the world?

Why are people born in Grade magnificent palaces and riches of glory, eminent intellectual, virtuous, robust body, in the air had to be subject to others living in the same nail, body welding miserable? Why can other people's money, but the other breast million deflicted back? Why smart people great and there was darkness foolish? Why this man is born with the nature of Virtue of the saint, who came again available aggressive streak since the womb? Why prodigy ranked multilingual smoothly, ranked prodigy in mathematics, science prodigy of art, literature, music, etc ..? Why are these children born blind, deaf, dumb, or any form heterogenous lisp? Why are these children born just opened my eyes've enjoyed every blessing, and I again was seen as a curse?

Are there certain causes, circumstances make up the difference in the world?Otherwise, the aforementioned state disagreements must be random events occur entirely due to chance.

Career incredible wisdom of chance where the blind and does not accept the explanation by coincidence.

In this world without anything happening to anyone without due cause or causes.Funny fruit, fruit of the suffering people are reaping are sculpted by the human being good or bad was created, or in the present life, or in past lives. But with secular reason, with the understanding that depends on the flesh senses, is not easy to comprehend the invisible causes of systemic and complex world. I only see immediate visible results are flowering ones without seeing all the subtle causes of conditions that arise fruit, because the other person is not completely made up in this present life that can be scattered cultivated from countless past lives.

Is there the wisdom of higher intelligence, wisdom received by the human ear flesh eyes can not hear? Buddhists acknowledge that there may be.

Some belief systems hold that all the differences in life are due to a single cause, and the cause was due to the decision of the Supreme Creator. Buddha did not acknowledge a Creator omniscient, omnipotent, creating cosmic cosmos.

The modern scientist explains how the disparity of humanity?

Based on the perception of the senses, scientists disagree that the other condition caused by the physical and chemical mixture, by tradition and by the inner circle.

Renowned physiologist, Mr. Julien Huxley, has written:

"Germ initial seed is composed of human physiological units called" genes "(genes are extremely micro in sperm cells so the seeds of the father-to-child transmission called traditional law).

What types of "gene" create colors for the body. There are types of dominant height, weight. Some types affect fertility, longevity, and human health. There is also the "gene" may affect the shape physique. Most of the genetic characteristics, if not all, are due to physiological units "gene" dominates.

"As for the spiritual characteristics - complex and more subtle - it is difficult to demonstrate in a concrete manner. Despite these obvious facts there is a spiritual genetics, but no exact phenomenon that mental traits from their parents and grandparents have passed down to their children in a manner that could be the same as the traditional method of flesh.

"All the traditions, spirit and matter, in one way or another, are dependent on the impact of the natural correlation between receptor" gene "that each person in her from the moment of conception."

We must recognize that all physical-chemical phenomena that modern scientists raised partly explained problems. However the physical-chemical phenomena that can not be the sole cause decision subtle differences between individuals. If the theory is true tradition entirely, if certain children have the same parents, then we have to explain how two little twin cases, beneficiaries an inanimate thing, a "gene", was raised in the same, why are you temperaments of each other? Wisdom and the more different inclinations.

Tradition is not enough to explain the murky deep space of the problem difference in their lives. Rather, this theory explains the similarity is more than demonstrated these differences. Seeds "gene" extremely subtle - way part of a thirty million inches (1 / 30,000,000 inch) - explain only part of the problem, part of the material. For the difference in spirit, ethical wisdom, extremely complex and more subtle, we still need many other light. Tradition can not explain why some children aggressive, murderous, in a family with a reputation for being honest, and on the contrary, there are gentle child, born into a family of violence. Heredity also can not explain why this had prodigies, the great man, the Cardinals' etc .. Career Pathways

Comment on traditional theory, Dr. Th. Pascal wrote the following in his book "Reincarnation":

"Go back to the role of innate receptor" gene "in the traditional problems, we repeat that congenital physical receptor" gene "itself explains the physical part of man. On the intellectual ability and good, natural receptor "gene" does not shed any light rays. If the native receptor "gene" fully formed human being, we will find the people all the temperament of the parents and not when there are other qualities.

"So there will be no child who murder innocent family nor the sages born in family violence. In our daily lives we can see two twins, the father, with her mother, and inherit a parent's natural receptor, and was born in the same conditions, the adult in the same conditions, the same maturity in an environment, body, face very similar eyebrows together, the Virtue of a child, also a boy, the ferocious brutality. In addition, the young prodigy plenty well enough to bewilder and scholars advocate the traditional theory. If you go back in time, Phang sales up in the gods at the same genealogy, we can find reasonable the prodigy ancestors so well? well, not all of temperaments and human intelligence were due to parents, grandparents, and not pass on all the children. the evidence is in line descendants of Mozart, Beethoven and Dantes did not have a prodigy or a great man does, and the scope of the single-character-study, nothing has proven traditional theory in a practical way.

"On the physical side, not all of the physical characteristics of the parents are passed out to the children, intellectual and streak each child is different [2] and many honest family is heartbroken that engenders unruly children dishonesty. "

Buddhists have also recognized the influence of tradition and the environment, but that is not enough. Buddhism added that the law of Kamma (Kamma), ie the sum of other actions in the past and present. We ourselves must be held responsible for our actions in the past and circumstances reap joy and suffering in the present. We ourselves create heaven for us. It also created hell for us. We are building our future.It is I who created what is called the world of Destiny.

Cause of Variation

Buddha in the cash-old, no young man named Sudha, inquiries prior disagreement between the situation of men, looking for the truth, came to him and said that:

"O Blessed One, for any reason in life and cause premature person (appayuka) and have a life (dighayuka), the sick (bavhabadha) and healthy people (appabadha), the bad (dubbanna) and beautiful (vannavanta), ranked people who do not follow, let no one hear (appesakka) and Grade moguls, do also have followers, let the listener also (mahesakka ), with the poor (appabhopga) and wealth (mahabhoga), someone born in the family mean (nicakulina) and have a noble lineage (uncakulina), someone ignorant (duppanna) and intellect Property (pannavanta)?

Buddha replied briefly like this:

"All beings carry the karma (Kamma) of yourself as a legacy, such as genetic material, as the closest, as refuge. It was because of their own now everyone is different, you have these scenes between heterosexual beings. [3] "

Then the Buddha explained to Subha hear each case:

"If they would only know killing life, hunter, for example, always bloody hands, everyday life in the killing and wounding without mercy. Because of her close curiosity, if born in scene, he will be a network whose "untimely".

"If the other person is always cautious, determined not committed to the life of one, living away from the sword, spears and other types of weapons, taking pride for all of us sanh.Do is no killing (Mind from) that, if born in the human world, he will field "life".

"If other cruel, always seeking to harm people, always kicking and sword used to use for everyone. Because aggressive streak, if born in the human world, he would unwell.

"If they would never hurt anybody else. Because Virtue gentle qualities, if born in the human world, he will be healthy.

"If a person were rude, gruff, always angry, cussing, cursing those who khac.Do consequences of rudeness, brusquely that, if born in the human world, he will deteriorate.

"If a person were gracious courtesy, one oil well cussing badly without resentment and seeking revenge. As a result of her graceful demeanor, if born in the human world, he will beautifully.

"If the other person has the nature of jealousy, envious, wish for a list of others, do not know who revere respectable, always harboring jealousy. As a result of that calculation contention jealousy, if born in scene, will be influential people, say no one heard, do not anyone follow.

"If man has no nature of jealousy, not even the desire for another person's identity, respectable respectful, not harboring jealousy. Do not mind the influence of his jealousy, if born in the scene , will be a powerful man, say there are people who listen, do also have followers.

"If other people do not always know what alms. Do stingy nature, clinging to their possessions, if born in the scene, will be the poor and needy.

"If other people rich generosity, alms Popular nature. Due to her extensive generosity, if born in the scene, will be the wild wealth balance.

"If the other person does not know of rehabilitation, popular character proud, respectable disrespect. Do arrogant and disrespectful nature that, if born in the scene, will be the vile contemptible.

"If other people know of rehabilitation, emptiness proud, respectable respectful. Do virtue of rehabilitation and said politely that, if born in the scene, will be the luxury Elites.

"If the other person does not bear close virtuous people to learn right things and to distinguish right and wrong. Because the school does poorly, if born in the scene, will be the ignorant.

"If a person were looking again to the virtuous person to learn. Because of her righteousness learn, if born in the scene, will be the intellectual intelligence." [4]

On the road of rebirth reincarnation, people under the influence of the past now more traditional.

As the case of the Buddha. He was born through sperm life, and natural ovum receptor "gene" as well as the parents of all beings. But in terms of physical and mental terms, the quarterly rate, down from ancestors some life to Him, no one can compare with him. Buddha taught that His time had not descended from kings but of the line of the Buddhas, Buddha was definitely a supernatural level. He was born with a brilliant career that he himself has created from countless lifetimes.

As a rule of Lakkhana Sutta [5], the Buddha was born with unusual physiognomy - 32 extraordinary characteristics - how much is due to thick high merit which he has created in the past countless lifetimes. Beijing Lakkhana Sutta clearly explains every good minister of the Buddha, yet arise due minister personally.

Rare case of the Buddha demonstrates that the capacity of not only the dominant Industry body but also beyond, as part of the performance loss of sperm, ovum and innate receptor "gene" of the parents. So He taught:

"I am the heir of my behavior as an artifact of the heritage handed down from the past."

Referring to the difference between beings, Atthasālini states that:

"Due to the difference between what each human being should now have a status difference in regeneration. He was born to both, who is despicable. He was born in contempt when cursed, who are respected reverence . He was happy joyful since birth mother, who left destitute miserable.

"Due to the difference between what should now living beings differ in visualization, countenance: the beautiful people, the bad guys, the high, the low, who is the handsome pilot, who then any shape allergic minister.

"Due to the difference between what each human being should now have status in society such differences are, however, fame, disrepute, was praised or reprimanded, happiness or misery."

"Because now, the earth rotated.
Because now, beings exist.
And by now, but being entangled.
Links to each wheel,
with structural, cohesion and circled the shaft.

"Because now, beings are honored to worship.
Because now, being under servitude slavery,
dictatorship victims come to persecution and folded.
Given that now born fruit
Why still believe:
In this life without karma? " [6]

Summary, according to Buddhism, the difference in spirit, moral, intellectual and temperaments, depends in large part the action and our tendency in the past and in the present, ie now.

Not all depends on karma

Although the main reason to hold that the circumstances make up the difference in the life of what is the difference between living beings karma, Buddhism does not assert that everything is due to Kamma. In other words, Karma is not the only reason to make up the difference, the difference between living beings. The law of Kamma, important, is only one of 24 causes (Paccaya) [7] in the life described in philosophy or religion. To adjust misconception that: "These good results, data, or no-good, non-data, all of which arise from the action [8] (now created) in the past (Pubbekatehetu) "Buddha taught:

"If such reasoning and decided that due to the actions in the past that people become murderers, thieves, sexual immorality, insolent, rude, lame, greedy, cunning, cowardly damage, then we no reason to rely on others, based on the past but did not want to make, do not try to implement, and does not need to perform, or not perform an action, that action has considerable oil and perform or no. [9] "

On this important passages contradict a false opinion held that all happened in the area of ​​spiritual and material, are now due to money that arise.

If the absolute present life by past actions or entirely governed by money now actively is the law of Kamma nothing more than fatalism or predestination. No one was free to improve their lives, in the present or in the future, and where free will is just an absurdity. Life becomes fully automatic and people not very different from a machine.

Believe we are born by an Almighty Creator, full authority to determine the fate and destiny arranged that oil does not want oil, we can not change, or believe that the creation of Enterprise parts and dispose of our lives, then what's the difference?Perhaps the only difference in the two terms only.

Such fatalism is not the law of Kamma in Buddhism.

Five Niyama (The Law)

According to Buddhism there are five orders or processes (Niyama) [10] the impact in the field of physical and mental. That is :

1.  Utu Niyama , physical laws are relevant to the process of inorganic things like weather, rain, wind, heat, cold weather etc .. four seasons eight characteristics of each season and as low then hot, then cold winter also located in this law.

2.  Bija Niyama , the physical laws relating to the progress of organic things like grass. Because of this law, the same germ that is born there. Rice is due to rice flour, orange trees, the seeds from orange, sweet as sugar, cane, honey etc .. The theory that the science of cellular and receptor gene defect in the conception also governed by this law . The similarity in terms of the physics of the two young twins, too.

3.  Kamma Niyama , the law of cause and effect or the progression from action, good or evil, to the results, good or evil. Human sown bear fruit. Good brings good results. Human evil brings bad results. That is the law of nature, to bear fruits born by such people, not a form of reward or punishment. The process also results from human to natural and necessary as the rotation of the moon around the sun. That is the principle of causality corresponds the law of Kamma.

The principle of the law of causality is constantly bear fruit. A research scientist, learn, gather a lot of knowledge and experience in the life, death and rebirth is time, all the experience and knowledge that is passed from life to life. For when we recall a few subtle experience and knowledge in a previous life, but really when we forget, as I forget some experience and knowledge gathered as a child, in the same lifetime.Therefore bear fruits principles constantly prodigy cases musician, artist, historian, language etc .. home, the baby has not learned that speaks several languages.

4.  Dhamma Niyama , is the law of all things, as the phenomenon that occurs when a Bodhisattva was born in the last life, gravitation law and other laws in the universe, etc .. which are listed in the calendar this progression.

5.  Citta Niyama , the laws of psychology, such as mental processes, the structure of the soul, the power of the mind like the wings mystical feeling, understanding the past and future, the label lily, lily atrium, tha htong , and objects similar phenomena that modern science has not explained.

Year schedule itself is progressing according to the laws which we can explain all phenomena, physical and psychological.

Karma is just one of five orders it.

Like all laws in the universe, in the above schedule does not progress due to a mysterious dread any spiritual force created.

Laws related to physical progress, kind of inorganic, organic type, the law of things (Dhamma Niyama) are scheduled at several automatic progression, although in a certain extent, intelligence people can also be controlled. For example, with characteristic fire burn hot skin, cold weather to some extent, the freezing water, but also people can walk on fire without getting burned, but also naked people sitting on snow lead paint without stars . These professional florists can create beautiful garden with flowers of season, though most who practice allowed (yoga) can use mystical forces advanced dread a heavy object.

Laws belong spiritually as well as machinery and other laws, that is also a side effect spontaneously, automatically, unconsciously, without stimulation, not dependent on any external desired. When people have planted it, by Kamma, to bear fruit.

Elaborately practice in Buddhism aims to control the mind, and this control can be done by understanding the true and pure thoughts. Law causal impact in a very mechanical. When the oil is too heavy karma people want and can not modify its strict consequences. But in that case too, the Right is pure volition can fix the Industrial somewhat. In a healthy limit Karma can assuage the data results.

The law of causality is complex. Buddha only understand its roots.

The ultimate goal of the Buddhist karma is eradicated. END=NAM MO CAKYA MOUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.3/12/2016.