Chapter Six.

EGOLESSNESS (ANATTA).

What people often call the soul, or something, is to refer to an absolute entity, nine people in school, a possible world behind invariant constant phenomenon. According to some religions, each has a separate soul like God by creation, and soul after death will live forever in hell or heaven. Its fate depends on the judge of who created it. According to a couple of other religions, the soul undergoes multiple life, until it is completely clean and eventually become identical with God or Brahma , Brahman, the universal soul or Àtman from there it emanates. The soul or ego in humans think, feel, and get the payoff of all its evil acts. One such concept called Fall comments.

Buddhism is unique in the history of religion the religion of humanity, deny the existence of a soul, or Àtman like that. According to Buddhist teachings, falling opinion is a false belief, does not correspond to reality, and it arises the disastrous ideology of "I" and "my" selfish desire, not bored, your player, anger, evil, arrogant, ego and the UE other pollution problems. It is the source of every tangled lace on lifetime, from personal disputes until the war between peoples. In summary, all the work on Earth hell stems from misconceptions.

There are two deep-rooted ideas in human psychology: self defence and self. Because want to defend humans God made to cry, to be sheltered, be guaranteed security, cry like a child on the parents. Because the want to survive one has created the idea of an immortal soul or Àtman will live forever to endless. In foolish, weak, fear, desire, people need two things to reassure yourself, pampering self; because of that they hold on there a way fanatic and engrossed.

Buddhist teachings are not nutritional content really foolish, weak, fear, desire, which makes the core count by eliminate, destroy, eradicated the habit. According to Buddhism, the idea of God and the soul are misleading, empty. Although the ideas he developed profound, woven into the novels, all of which is the launch of sophisticated minds imagine a tangle noun metaphysical and philosophical complexities. These ideas have ingrained roots in the human psyche, intimacy with them so that they do not expect to hear, nor want to understand a moral would reverse.

The Buddha knew that, he taught that his teachings "go back" (patisotagàmi), contrary to the desire of human selfishness. Four weeks after the Enlightenment, sitting under an ancient root, he "has proven a really deep, hard to see, hard to understand ... just the new grips. Those who are passionate about the tame, being ignorance cannot fins would see this truth, because it's back, it's super high, deep, subtle vàkhó think the table. "

Think so, the Buddha was hesitant for a while: "is useless if we're not trying to lecture to the world the truth that we were entering?" Then you compare the world like a Lotus pond: he had more flowers in the water, there are other flowers only just hung up on the water, but also the flowers rise up from the Lake and no longer tamper with the water. Also in this world, the level of human development. There are some people who will understand the truth. Hence, the Buddha decided to teach him truth[1] .

LY egolessness is natural results, is the conclusion of the analysis of the five aggregates and pratītyasamutpāda (or paticca-samuppàda, Coast)[2] .

In the discussion of truths (Imperial Gauge, dukkha), we've seen what we call the soul or the fish may be made by the five aggregates, and when the five aggregates analysis we don't see what's behind them can call Àtman, or I am falling, or any school survives a invariant. Ðấy is the method of analysis. I also have the same result when considering disciplinary pratītyasamutpāda, synthetic methodology, and the law is not what the world is absolute. All things (France) are relatively limited, and interdependence. This is the theory of Buddhism.

Before you actually go into the issue of egolessness, we should have a concept about the law of pratītyasamutpāda. The principle of this theory is summarized in a formula that includes 4 lines:

This one, then the other has (imasmim sati idamhoti).
This one was born, then the other b. (idam imassuppàda uppajjati).
This is not, then the other one does (asati imasmim idam na hoti).
This removal, then the other removal (imassa idam nirodhà airujjhata)[3].

In principle, the conditions for mutual and subject, the continuation of life and its cessation was explained in a detailed recipe called pratītyasamutpāda, (i.e. the start condition or charm) consists of 12 factors:

1-ignorance (do) charm (for) action (intentional activities or career) (avijjàpaccayà samkhàvà).

2-(do) charm (for) (samkhàrapaccayà vinnànam).

3-the Formula (do) charm (for) the identity (the psychological and physical phenomena) (Vinnànapaccayà nàmarùpam).

4-(do) charm (for) the continental type (the 5 senses and consciousness) (Nàmarùpapaccayà salàyatanam).

5- Lu enter (do) charm (for) contact (tamper, exposure) (salàyatanapaccayà phasso).

6-Exposure (do) charm (for the) longevity (feeling) (phassapaccayà vedanà).

7-Shou (do) charm (for) AI (longing desire) (vedanàpaccayàtanhà).

8-Ai (do) charm (for) the seat (cling, cling to) (Tanhapaccayà upàdànam).

9-Player (do) charm (for) hũu (the process of birth and become) (upàdànapaccayà bhavo).

10-(do) charm (for) born (birth, life) (Bhavapaccayà jàti).

11-Born (do) charm (for)

12-Geriatric (old age) death (death) favor bi brain gauge (sad worry pain) (Jàtipaccayà maranam jaràm).

This is the process by which life arose, and continued existence. If we reverse the recipe again, I will go to the end of the process:

Ignorance kills the kill, kill, kill the Protocol, the Protocol, then the mailing list removal, excellent colors kill the Green enter removal etc. until the birth, death, brain gauge bi ... kill.

Need to remember one thing that each of the above elements are just as human as the fruit, it has just been decided by (paticcasamuppanna), and just as conditions for (paticcasamuppàda)[4]. So they are all relative, interdependent and relate to each other, there is something absolute or isolated, so that Buddhism is not recognized "first cause" as we have seen before[5]. Pratītyasamutpāda should look like a circle, not should see a chain[6] .

The issue of free will occupy an important position in thought and Western philosophy. But according to the law of pratītyasamutpāda, this issue does not arise and cannot arise in Buddhist philosophy. If the entire existence is relatively limited, and dependent each other, how alone the will can be free? the wish was also limited as any other ideology. What we call "free" itself is also relatively limited. Can not be something physical or psychological can absolutely freely, because all things are interrelated and comparatively. "free" implies the meaning a wish does not depend on the conditions, with cause and effect. How a wish or anything that belongs to the will, can arise without the condition, separate multiply and result-when the whole of the present are relatively limited and, in the law of cause and effect? Again here, the notion of free will is also closely related to the idea of God, the soul, the fair, the payoff. Not the so-called liberty was not freedom, that the main idea of even free will also not escape those conditions.

According to the law of pratītyasamutpāda, as well as by human analysis into the five aggregates, the idea of a possible nine schools immortal in people, whether in or out call is Àtman, I, Ego, soul, or something, just to be treated like a wrong belief (TA), a shadow of the conscious mind. This is a Buddhist theory of anatta (anatta).

To avoid a mistake, here we should remind that there are two kinds of truth: the truth Convention, Continue the Roman Empire (sammutisacca), and the absolute truth or Win meaning the Roman Empire (paramatthasaca)[7] .

When we use words such as "normal", "England", "spirit", "personal", etc. We're not lying, which says a true agreement under the Convention of the world. But the ultimate truth is there is no "I" or "soul". Mahàyànasùtràlankàra experience (An old Mausoleum import surplus) taught: "a human (pudagala) should be considered only in the emulator (prajnapati) (that is, by Convention, the one or human), but not in reality (dravya) [8] .

"The Government received an immortal soul is the characteristic common to all systems of primary tenets admit also as An overpaid, and so no reason to that Australian tradition, a tradition entirely superfluous fellow with the U.S. surplus on this issue, has come away with the original teachings of the Buddha." [9]

By that, it was remarkable as recently few scholars (as Mrs. Rhys Davids and others)[10] tried-hopelessly-xen idea of falling into the doctrine of Buddha, one thing is absolutely opposed to Buddhism. The respected scholar, admirers and worshippers of upper Buddha and catechism. They admired Buddhism. But they could not imagine that the Buddha, who they view as ideologically profound and most transparent country, can deny the existence of Àtman, soul or ego that they need to. They don't know that they are looking for the support of the Buddha for this demand, demand an immortal existence-of course not in a small fish with a crumpled the letter n , which in the Fall with a letter N .

Preferably, one should say that they believe in Àtman or Ego, or one might say now that Buddha completely wrong to deny the existence of a Fork. But certainly nobody should take on in the Buddhist idea that Buddha never accept, as we can see from the original Pàli.

The religions believe in God and the soul cannot conceal the two concepts, he declared them out, repeated many times by the most eloquent words. If the result of a love Buddha also accepted two ideas, two critical ideas in every religion, then surely he has publicly declared them as he has claimed the other things, not to let them be hidden to only discover 25 centuries later when He died.

People crashing out tempers when thought through the doctrine of anatta Mahayana Buddhism, ego that they imagine themselves there, will be destroyed. The Buddha is not unknown to this.

One day, a Bhikkhu stilts asked Him: "white World, Respect the German people were tormented and confused because no is in itself something nine schools?"

The Buddha answered:

-The results of this as Bhikkhu on stilts. When a person has "the universe is Àtman, after death we will be, cuu, schools that remain invariant, stretching, we will exist as such until infinity," which is heard As a hybrid or a disciple of Such Hybrid theory led to the complete destruction of all thinking perspective ... brought to the quench thirsty craving , taken to the rescue, termination, Nirvana; people will think: "we will become the nothingness, I shall be destroyed, I will not any more." Consequently it moaning, worry, lamented, and crashing out in panic. As such, this case, stilts Bhikkhu people were tormented when found in it something constant field [11] .

In another segment, a Buddha teaches: Ask the Bhikkhu on stilts, "we will no longer exist, nothing again" make those stupid fear. " [12]

Those who want to find a "Fork" in Buddhism argues as follows: indeed the Buddha has analyzed humans out, tho, thought, consciousness (skandha), and that nothing in the things he is falling. But He does absolutely no Ego, where human or any other place outside of the five aggregates.

This stance does not stand because the two are probably:

Perhaps the first was according to Buddhist teachings, humans just don't match the five aggregates as anything else. Neither would the Buddha said there's also something else in humans, in addition to the five aggregates.

The second is probably the Buddha repeatedly denied, by the words of transparency, of Àtman, soul or Fall in or outside of humans, or any where in the universe. This is a couple of examples:

In the Dhammapada (Dhammapada) there are three incredibly important shelf post and core in the Buddhist doctrine: articles 5, 6, 7 Chapter 20 (or the verse number 277, 278, 279).

The two first verses says:

"All is impermanent" (sabbe samkhārā aniccā) and
"All passengers are suffering" (sabbe samkhārā dukkhā).
[Executive or owner, is what is born, stay and removal; associated conditions-translator]

The third sentence is:

"All France falls unconscious" (sabbe dhammā anattā) [13].

Need special attention here that in the first two sentences, Word samkhàrà -"these things have the condition"-has been used. But in the third sentence, instead of the word samkhàra, Word dhammà ã is used. Why the third verse has not used the word , samkhàrà, "things have conditions", as the previous two sentences, which again used the contacts from France, dhammà instead? The most important point is the principal of the matter.

Actionnoun, samkhàra[14] hinted skandha, of all things and the restricted status, interdependence, comparatively, all "legal" physical as well as psychological (French and French Centre of excellence). If the third verse says: "any (limited things) is anatta" then people might think things are restricted is anatta, however there may be a Fall outside those limited which, in addition to the five aggregates. To avoid misunderstanding that French nouns (dhammà) was used in the third verse.

French nouns have a wider range of action a lot. There is no verb in the term for Buddhist studies have a wider range of letters in France. It includes not only those things and conditional status, but also the unconditional, the absolute, Nirvana; nothing inside or outside the universe, good or bad, useful microbial (condition) or wuwei (unconditional), relatively or absolutely..., which are not included in the list of words. So, it's too obvious, according to the sentence "all France egolessness" then there is no Ego, no soul, not just in the five aggregates, but also any where in addition to the five aggregates or separate from the five aggregates[15] .

According to the original teachings, this means that there is no dirt in the person (puggala) or in France. Mahayana philosophy also has an identical stance, there is a differences about that point, the emphasis on the egolessness of France as well as human anatta (egolessness, French dhammanairàtmya and egolessness, pudgalanairàtmya).

In the Soap example Alagadddùpamasutta (Central I), the Buddha taught his disciples: "ask the Bhikkhu stilts, he can cling to a falling (novel about ego) if it does not arise, melancholy, miserable, bi brain. But the stilts, you see the Bhikkhu a crumpled conclusion would like it or not, a crumpled conclusion that when accepting it, will not arise, melancholy, miserable, favor, brain?

-Germany World Religion, absolutely not.

-How, ask the Bhikkhu on stilts, Like a hybrid. The Bhikkhu stilts, As Hybrids do not see a crumpled conclusion would which if accepted, would not arise, melancholy, miserable, pros, the brain. " [16]

If the Buddhas have accepted a crumpled conclusion, then surely he has come here because he said the Bhikkhu stilts accept a comment if that theory fell not suffering. But according to him, there is a theory like that, and any fall comments would, though subtle and subliminal to just pretending and imagining, born out of every issue of trouble, trailed by the melancholy, bi, suffering, giving priority to the brain.

Next, also in her Buddha:

"Ask the Bhikkhu stilts, when that Ego or anything that belongs to Fall was not there, then the perspective thinking this:" the universe is falling, we are Falling after death, will field nine, existence, permanent, unchanging, and I would like to present endless time ", her views have to be completely insane?" [17]

Here the Buddha clearly states that a Àtman, or soul, or Fork, then could not find where in reality, and it's crazy to believe that there is a story like that.

Those looking for a falling out in the doctrine of Buddha drawn a few examples that they translated wrong, and then explain how one mistake. One example is the renowned fishing attà hi attano nàtho in the Dhammapada (XII, 4 or verse 160), has been translated as "I am the Lord", and explained that it means the big Ego is Lord of the fork.

First of all, her translations are incorrect. Attà this is not meant in the sense of soul. In the Pàli, noun attà is often used as a noun, except in few cases used a special sense of philosophy to refer to the theory of the soul as seen above.

Under normal usage, such as in chapter XII of the Dhammapada, from that sentence on the soundtrack, and in many other places, attà is used as a possessive noun or verb participle, means "I", "you", "it", "we", "our own people" etc. [18]

Next, the word nàtho has no meaning "Lord", which is "helpless", "shelter, help đỡû, cover" [19]. By Attà hi attano really means "I am the Lady of the own place". It's nothing to a metaphysical soul or ego at all. It just means you have to press that count on yourself not one tree Hill back on other guys.

Another example of trying to put the idea on the Buddha's teachings fell into question the reputation Attadìpà viharatha, attasarana anannasaranà separated from the circuit vanNirvana Bowl Australian economy[20]. Sentence n y room monitor means: "Let's be the island for you, is for you, and don't see who else is where Princess trees"[21]. Those who wish to find fallen in Buddhism explained the words attadìpà and attasaranà are "taking the fall", "get lamp do ego do refuge"[22] .

I do not understand the full meaning of the word of the Buddha advises A-nan (Ànanda) if not considering the context and written circuits in which these words are uttered.

At the time the Buddha are to stay at a village called Behuva, three months before He died, bowl of Nirvana (parinirvàna). Now He was 80 years old, the edifice. But He thinks should not die without his retirement from the disciples of capital close to love Him. By that, the courage, the determination, He suffered all the pain, wins the surfer, and patients recover. But there was poor health. Once recovered, one day He sat in the shade outside the place You stay. A-nan, the Buddha's most devoted attendant, advanced to Germany his endearing Professor of ethics, sitting next to Germany That mutual respect and transparency:

"White World, you Respect the German has the German health care World, having served Him while You sick. But when you see his condition, sky for become obscure, and the senses of your child is no longer wise. However I have a comforting thing this small German Religious World do you think: will not enter Nirvana without leaving the word teacher mentioned the mobile mass Increase. "

Then the Buddha is full of compassion and kindness, has told the Republic drill fake a dedication: "A dear Nan, unions increase the longer the old wait where are we again? I told (the truth) does not distinguish high low. In terms of truth, as the Future nothing like tight closed fist of a master (àcariyamutthi). This A-nan, if people would really like to Increase leadership, increasing the elderly must depend on h, then of course they will set out the directions. But As a hybrid without the thought. So why As Lai must save these instructions relate to the Organization Increased? Now we are already old, A-nan, was 80 years old. Like an old car needs to run repair, too, As Lai's body now only continue operating thanks to fix. By this, the A-nan, please do island for you, get you do refuge, no refuge to anyone else; Let's take France do the island, taking refuge, as no one else could make refuge for you[23] .

What the Buddha taught A-nan wants truth too obvious. A-nan are sad painful melancholy. He thinks that he will be completely alone, no help, no refuge, no instructor, after Germany great Professor of ethics. By that the Buddha gave him the words comforted, advised him courage, trust, teach that should slash the slash and Director on "France" he has transmitted, not relying on anyone else, into something else. In this issue about a metaphysical Àtman, or ego, is absolutely not aimed at the spot.

After that, the Buddha explains to A-nan how to can the island or shelter for himself: he is the academic center of attention thanks to the consistent life, relatives, police and the French (4 France, see the next chapter about visualizations)[24]. Here, too, there is not a word would relate to the ego or soul.

Another also very often cited by those who want to find Buddhist teachings in a minute sitting Buddha under the tree in a forest on the way from Benarès (Three dollars) to Uruvelà. On that day have 30 young princes are going camping with their young wives in the same forest. A Czar yet my wife bring a girlhood. While other people are laughing, then she steals a few precious items and fled. While finding her in the forest, see the Buddha was sitting under a tree they had asked him to see a woman goes through. He asked what happened, and after hearing the explanation the Buddha asked them: "you think, ask the young people? What is better for you: go find a woman, or find yourself? " [25]

This is also a very simple question and nature, there is no reason to put in the remote idea about Ego or soul. They respond better to search themselves. The Buddhist mainland they sit down and preach to them. According to the French article that Buddha was preaching to them is also recorded in the Scriptures, no one would talk about ego.

He has written much on the subject of "silence of Buddha", when a doctor asked him had Vacchagotta name du falls or not. The story is as follows:

Vacchagotta went to the Buddha and the ladies and asked:

-Sir-Having talks, have fallen or not?

The Buddha silence.

-Well, Sir, there is no falling stars?

The Buddha back to silence.

Vacchagotta stood up to leave.

After du (parivràjaka) leave, A-nan asked Buddha why He did not answer the question of Vacchagotta. The Buddha explains the attitude Mr. c as follows:

-A-nan, her doctor asked: "when you have a fall or not?", replied: "Yes" if we stand on the side of the sa, la advocates the theory exist (sassatavàda). This A-nan, and when her doctor asked: "you have no ego?" If the answer is "no," I was standing on the side of the sa Mon la advocates the removal phase theory (uccheda vàda)[26] .

Again, this A-nan, her doctor asked: "when you have a fork?", to which I replied, "Yes," then like there are consistent with the notice of the US that the great wall is anatta or not? " [27]

-World Religion, probably not.

Again, this A-nan, her doctor asked: "when you have no ego?" to which I replied: "no", then it will make more confusion were Vacchagotta puzzled more [28]. Because y will think: "we have indeed previously fell, but now we don't have any more." [29]

Now we have to understand why the Buddha's silence. But we will also better understand if consider the whole context and the way the Buddha handled on those questions and people ask-what does matter to people completely ignore.

Buddha is not like a machine flush solution to any of these questions, because anyone who set out without thinking. He is a Professor of ethics practices, full of compassion and wisdom. He does not answer questions to showcase his knowledge and intelligence, but to help people ask on the way evidence is reached. When speaking with someone who You always interested in their development, their tendencies, their consciousness structure, temperament and ability to comprehend the problem [30] .

According to Buddhism, there are four ways answers the question:

1. When should answer straight questions.
2. Have questions need answered by the analysis.
3. When should respond by asking the opposite.
4. And finally, there are the questions should be cleaned, not meeting[31] .

There may be many ways to mess up a problem. One way is to not have the problem, that is how the Buddha had once spoken with you singer when he put's the Vacchagotta questions about famous school universe exists or not etc. [32]. Also with the way he has answers for Màlunkyaputta and others. But you can't do that on the issues that fell or not, because he has always discussed and explains it. You can't say: "fall" because it contradicted the comments of Sir prize that all France egolessness. And he also doesn't like to say no, because the soul is unjustly made the poor guy Vacchagotta has puzzled as confusion more, as he was recognized[33]. He has not enough basic understanding about the egolessness. So in this case, the question aside by silence, is the Thai wisdom. Ridin

We also do not forget that the Buddha has clearly knew Vacchagotta long ago. This is not the first occasion that the artist does wonders to visit du Buddha. intellectual and full Professor of ethics ascended into Xu have more attention to mind people looking bewildered. There are many sections comes to you in the Pàli texts Vacchagotta artists, he has been looking to the Buddha and his disciples to him quite a lot of times, repeating the same questions multiple times, obviously he's very disturbed, almost haunting the other issues[34]. The Buddha's silence probably is effective for any more than a Vacchagotta answered or eloquent discussion would[35] .

A few people watching the falling means what is often called the "mind" or "consciousness". But the Buddha taught that no one should rather see his physical body's "intersection" than watching the mind, or consciousness (citta, mano, vinnàna) is falling because the mind, or consciousness, the transformation of non-stop days as well as nightly, still more rapidly changing body (kàya)[36] .

The vague feeling itself "I" has arisen the idea of ego, which has something equivalent in reality: her truth and see real proof i.e. Nirvana, one thing is not easy. In the Samyutta Samyuttanikàya[37], had a conversation quite clear this point problems between Mr. Bhikkhu Khemaka name stilts and a Bhikkhu Group on stilts. These ask Khemaka see in the five aggregates of a "fall" or whatever in terms of "intersection" is not. Khemaka answered "no". Ðoạn the Bhikkhu stilts said then he must be a La Han got rid of any contamination. But that confession Khemaka, although he does not find in the five aggregates a fall or anything belonging to fall, "I'm still not a La Han (Arahant) got rid of all polluted impure. Client for Sage, this Active Player aggregates, I have the feeling that "I", but do not see clearly the "this is me". Then he explains that Khemaka called "I" is not good, not longevity, not ideas, not issued, nor knowledge, nor anything beyond them. But he still has a sense of "I" for 5 player aggregates, though he could not see clearly the "this is what I am." [38]

Khemaka said just as the fragrance of a flower: it is not the fragrance of the petals, not of the color of flowers, not the United States, but is the fragrance of flowers. He also explained, adding that even a person who has reached the first stage of the evidence still has the feeling of "I". But later, when far, feeling he completely disappeared, like the smell of a new shirt dry fly will take some time after the out of the box it.

This discussion benefits and unravel problems for them so that later, as a business record, everyone, including all evidence, results A-Khemaka la-Han, freed of all pollution, and that is they have finally defeated the feeling of "I".

According to Buddhist teachings, accept that "I have no ego" (i.e. novel fragment removal) also accepted that "mistakes as I fall" (theory), because both opinion are bound, both arising from the false idea of "I". Right attitude towards the issue of anatta is not holding a point of view or "opinion", which tries to look at things objectively, look at them as the truth, not the launch of the conscious mind. To see that what we call "I" or "intersection" is just a mix of physical and psychic aggregates, works closely correlated each other in a line change ever suicide law's dominant bear na, causality, and in the whole of existence, nothing is fixed, forever immutable.

Here a question naturally arises: "If kh ng has fallen, who bear the consequences of karma (action)?" No one can answer this question better than Buddha. If a Bhikkhu stilts asked him that question, the Buddha said: "ask the Bhikkhu on stilts, we teach you clearly see computer pratītyasamutpāda in all things." [39]

Buddha's teachings about the egolessness should not be viewed as negative or destructive. As well as Nirvana, it is the truth, the reality, and the reality is never negative. The false belief itself into a crumpled imagine no new fact is negative. Anatta teachings dispel the darkness of deviant beliefs and intellectual light. It's not negative, as Asanga (Asanga) has said is very true: "there is a reality as anatta" (nairàtmyàstità) . END=NAM MO CAKYA MOUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.25/8/2016.MHDT.