Part I

-ooOoo-

1. Childhood

In a small village, near the capital, the kingdom of Magadha (Magadha, now in the Indian state of Bihar), Oldtimer has a child is born, named Kolita Mahamoggallana. The baby was later the Venerable Moggallana (Maha Mahamoggallana).

Mahamoggallana attached ticks on Mudgala Kolita stream, ie "Family Astronomy." According to the noun verb root Moggalana Mudgala originating from a word (a research stream veterans Astronomy very old school).

Village populated Kolita not poor, but almost exclusively for the university residence Brahmin clan. Kolita father was an only child which they stream prestigious, and most of the senior dignitaries in the village belonging to this clan.

Dasher is coming from a class "Noble" and of course of new world-respected, his father's childhood is like Kolita emirate.

Therefore Kolita grew up in a chic setting does not lack any item whatsoever. He was educated entirely Kolita traditionally Brahmanism, a tradition based on the law of Karma, based on all the action. Of course, traditional education uphold the trust that has a life must depend on the daily worship ritual.

Kolita family has a special relationship with an intensive communication Brahmin family in the village beside the other. On the day Kolita born, the other Brahmin families also celebrate the birth of a baby boy named Upatissa other (later Mr Shariputra).

Both boys grew at double became very close friends, no one can separate them. Do anything, both agree with each other, as well as play when bored. It shows where the boy was also found Kolita boy Upatissa there. Friendship of the other teens sometimes tough not only youth, but also extends to life, as both over eighty years old.

Characteristics of the couples that never disagree, and never have a dislike even the smallest, even in the case faced a dilemma or grievances.

However, the two disparate boy. While Upatissa is an aggressive, bold and resourceful, then a young Kolita is very conservative, and only knew to preserve and develop what is already there. Furthermore, the position of young couples in the family also completely Slight deviations. Kolita was the eldest and also an only child, then has three brothers Upatissa and three sisters. But sometimes youth friendship is very deep: it is both unlikely to think of women, although the youth sappy and not a food shortage whatsoever.

Each youth has a retinue of retainers to play, learn and exercise, physical and mental. When enjoying sports and on the river, the group Kolita horsemen, and user groups Upatissa procession. Meaning that two youths, could not avoid the youth immersed in rich and sap into.

In Rajgir into (Rajgaha), the capital Magadha (Magadha) Annual Meeting have a very lavish period, called "The Son Spirit" (before mountain gods sacrifice, then for the people have a festival occasion fun). Of course sometimes Dasher youth are also invited to attend.

The organizers have to give them seats of honor, which Kolita and Upatissa can easily witness the entire performance context. Sometimes youths were laughing before the curtain provoked interest and also before the dramatic episodes. Acting ability of the amateurs did make both performance enthusiast, passionate to the point that they accepted the invitation to enjoy the next day Tuesday fairs. But a day later, when arts tragedies suddenly switched Sinh Ly Tu Biet between life and salvation myth, sometimes you suddenly do not find any more interesting peak. Although've heard eloquent spokesman declared attractive program of the third day, they still do not feel interesting.

And in that second night, sometimes you Kolita and sleepless Upatissa has not slept. The picture in the past two days haunted young pair. While awake, Kolita was thinking: "The idea that the scene was seen at the fair will give us any lessons? What's worth more to me watching it? Just like recreation, we shall cross benefit or just one more time, the Allure of the other actor will decrepit. they will become the main characters in the tragedies that they played. and death will force them to die , and continue the journey of endless birth and death due to heart their aspirations actively? then we too! the famous actor did not help themselves solve the problem of life and death, then they can attempt to awaken who found the path to liberation? See, we charge only a waste of time, instead of having to find the path to liberation. "

Upatissa too, after the second fair, that night he could not close our eyes are. The idea is similar to the guy Kolita well. Upatissa thinking a lot about the mysteries and myths that are described in tragedy related to the actual rebirth (Samsara) and sham pleasures nature has always concealed by camouflage suffering for current life something stimulates more people to enjoy the future is concerned, to another life. Upatissa ask the question: "Is this artificial pleasure is the cause for people not to realize the illusion and darkness before the truth?".

On the morning of the third day, when both attended the ceremony asked Kolita Upatissa:

- Are you sure there is anything bother? Why not happy as before?

Upatissa honestly answer:

- I wonder if the sound of pleasure in this scene and what are the advantages? That stuff really meaningless and worthless. It is worth to me to do is to look for a path to liberation, liberation from the ravages of harsh laws Impermanence, looking for a way to escape from the not so confident about life, something all tests a fake, but who become victims would fall into the bottomless pit, and go forever on a pointless circle? That is what my brain boggles the mind to think and begin bowl! But what about you, this Kolita! You are obviously thinking something else rather than fun?

Kolita answered:

- What you just expressed was also my talk! Why do we have to sit here to witness the spectacle any artificially healed ?. We must seek a path to purity, peace!

When Upatissa hear gushing anxieties of his best friend, he was delighted to instant approval:

- This is a very nice idea to our arisen spontaneously, without prejudice dominate! So instead we wasted a lifetime to be bound by these vain enjoyment, we tried looking for a devoted teachings help us find the path to liberation. And to make, we have to abandon their homes and possessions become worthless family, a pilgrimage across four winds, not to the binding material pleasures, freedom carefree find Path, like birds thousands take off!

Since then the young pair decided to live a life as hermit (Like today we saw some monks wandering around the country roads of India in search of a venerable Master, a Guru - English India meant I led her to practice the particular integer ...).

When Upatisa Kolita and expressed his decision to subordinate the entourage, the young tend to have approved, and most involved in his trip aspirant march. These subordinates Kolita youth and family Upatissa also escapism, escape rope dropped by Brahmin caste (*) in which they had worn on the body, haircut, shave, wear fabrics and earthy chocolate, something of the mendicant plainclothes wandering. All along aside manifestations irrespective of caste and clan privileges Brahmanism, to step into the lives of countless ascetic caste.

(*) As a child in the family was born Brahmin, a cleric of the person to make any sense of spiritual ordination caste Brahmin and gave the boy a cord to wear around St. lifetime .

2. Whether the aspirant

A strange case is identical to that of Prince Siddhartha (Siddhata) obeyed his father married, that he entered into the second stage of the last life do people.

Upatissa Kolita and leave behind worldly enjoyment to begin life wanderer inner purity and seek enlightenment. Along with the entourage, they opened up a stage to bring the practice under its guidance of a professor of Religion. Similarly Bodhisattva did then with the five ascetics (Panca Kondanna), before he became Buddha attained enlightenment.

Her childhood in ancient India, there are several cardinal raises many different philosophies. Some advocates necessarily immoral theory (ethics is useless) featured some fatalism, and some evangelists of materialism.

Sometimes you Kolita and Upatissa notice the mistakes of such doctrines, should soon have not bothered to research further.

However, at Rajgir into (Rajagaha), has a relatively good cardinal school. He named Sanjaya. According to Indian history, he was the Sanjaya Belatthaputta recorded in Buddhist scriptures, that is one of the largest six contemporary cardinal (also known as Master Lu) except Buddha.

Sometimes you Kolita and Upatissa led two groups to receive instruction from his entourage with him and make the reputation of Sanjaya became wildly.

What is Sanjaya's philosophy, history and classics not specify. As our research shows just some basic ideas of Sanjaya was repeated, but for Indian intellectuals early time, could be called to help them fully grasp Sanjaya theoretical focus.

Unlike other cardinal, who had raised a number of theoretical and certain dogmas and to make a number of criteria, Sanjaya teaching what he called "the most profound dialectical" by a method easier to understand.

He is based on four questions:

1 / There is another world beyond the ordinary circumstances of the world or not?

2 / After the disintegration of the body, a person can automatically generate a new life thanks to the pure in heart not?

3 / Any action, whether good or bad people have done in this life has brought consequences in the afterlife it? If so, the payoff will be like and the fate of these people will continue to like?

4 / A grade was completely clean, having become something big? How can you prove the permanent status of an order completely clean?

As long as one of such questions is the ancient Indian thinkers Sanjaya arises immediately responded with one of the following four ways to respond:

- Confirmed
- Denial
- Part confirmed partial denial
- not confirmed nor denied

However, the cardinal added that Sanjaya also complementary: "For questions like that one in four answered his way, no way be considered a worthy solution, because such questions is the question asked implies a two-way conflict can not be resolved (dualism contradiction). Therefore, preferably a scholar should not judge on matters like "flatten and here we can notice that the four arguments just sophistry "Corresponding paradox" (or contradictory duality) found in the Pali canon (Majjhima Nikaya: Central A Ham, paragraph 63) , the only argument of the four is a place similar to the theory Sanjaya , meaning that the argument relating to "what happens to a god after his death Perfection" .In when the cardinal, others advocate ascetic one of four ways rationalist fallacy upon as a solution of their schools (as right, wrong, correct and incorrect, both true and not true), then Sanjaya not let yourself get into any one of the four arguments that!

In particular, he may himself trapped between the certificate could not be verified and personality theory dogma. For example there are some cardinal used empirical science confirms that in addition to the physical world, there is no invisible world, they have no God, no law of cause and effect, there is no rebirth after death. Thanks to this attitude he became cardinal different from his contemporaries.

In other words, he advocated that: For the problem can not be interpreted, a cardinal should hold an attitude of "Avoiding an impartial manner" and should never unintentionally let prejudices confirmed or rejected in favor of though in theory leave. Therefore, we can see that Sanjaya seems firmly on the fallacy, and it seems he wants to "transfer of" the theory of "Thinking Test Certificate" into the theory "agnostics". Meaning he is like the particular school today because the theory that he expressed thought "of complications" rather than "rational dialectic" .Vua Binh Sa (Bimbisara) of the Kingdom of Magadha ( Magadha) youth he once recounted to Buddha conversations between the hermit Sanjaya king as follows:

"One day when I do my visiting cardinal Belattha Sanjaya of clan and asks: Dear cardinal He can tell I have heard being labeled a currency effect of virtuous life in this life? Sanjaya replied, meandering that: - O Lord, as the Great King had said, on the question of whether there is another world beyond this world, I have to answer if I think there is, I say yes! But I did not say that means I think undeniable and that is the truth. I did not deny it anymore. Bottom line is I still do not say whether or not there is a world beyond this world, the question now being labeled the Great King of fruits currency of a hermit, or the result of bad and good deeds in this life, or god Perfection becomes something after death in any part of the question, I'll answer as before! - that is, blessed One, Paths of Dr. Sanjaya Belattha stream before being labeled fruit question about money, and the benefits of the practice of the station, has found ways prevaricate, not so obvious answer (according Diigha Nikàya: Field a Ham, Van series TW Rhys Davids 2 by translation). But Kolita and Upatissa, childhood did not find any better than a Sun engineers, Sanjaya should be concerned, because they think little perspective Philosophy he also has a nuanced than what's worth listening to the other cardinal, should they come to receive him as their teacher.

But after a short time, both the notice. Sanjaya will not deserve their wishes: One cures pain and suffering.

Also sometimes you also have to hunch definitely have a life beyond this earthly life, must be the only spirit beings without bodies (such as the Gods). Delving deeply into the unseen world, their understanding seems beyond your knowledge of the school of cardinal under suspicion.

Then one day, suddenly declared Sanjaya disciples his most elite reborn this celestial heavens the other ( 44.9 Nikàya Samyutta: A function Magazine, paragraph 44.9 ). This completely contradicts his skepticism standards.

So, one day, and sometimes you Kolita Upatissa approached Sanjaya and asked him: "Is he not the secret doctrine teaches, is different from what both have learned?". Sanjaya replied: "Only the two disciples and learned all my teachings already!" Hearing that sometimes you aspirant can not do nothing more than to retire Sanjaya, continue to seek the path of truth. Sometimes young people think that because they want the freedom they demand new family escape, but their purpose is not to learn the art of dodging the issue "agnostics" vain.

So the second time, sometimes you have to recur life wandering to find religion. This time they are regardless of the time, traveled through Indian country, from North to South, from East to West. They are willing to endure the stifling dust of sunny and scorching heat of a tropical homeland. They beam wind and sometimes rain sheet has publicly stated with direct pedestrians to find their reasons:

"We are a victim of birth, aging, illness, death, victim of grief, lament suffering, sorrow and despair. We are victims of misfortune. We persistently seek the Path of Deliverance then surely they will eventually discover the cause of her suffering! " (Majjh No 28: Central A function 28) . Of course, while the aspirant so travelers Kolita and met many holy Upatissa Brahmins are the "wise" dark hours, sometimes young aspirant did not avoid many lively discussions about religion, the Korean teachers, about heaven, about hell, about the meaning of life, the way of salvation. But thanks to a rare intelligence community argued art "agnostic experience," learned of Sanjaya, couples Upatissa Kolita and has quickly realized the absurdity of the ambiguity of the school "wisdom" is . While not yet a cardinal adequately informed of their deepest questions then this young pair could easily repartee when asked.

Not yet clear is history and Upatissa Kolita, after Sanjaya went bestiality with anyone, but make sure that the youth sometimes how to avoid experiencing the mysticism as Bavari prophet, one who has acquired the force of a high, or met two angels of schools "Super Fitness Boundless argument". Main Bodhisattva was also a disciple time nay.Theo these schools use data relating to their lives, the couple and Upatissa Kolita did not reap much with the name of this monk in meditation instruction realization of liberation, like Bodhisattva had achieved when this sect of discipleship.

We try to find out why the problem was; There are two trends for guys aspirant or practice. One is to achieve inner peace and spiritual purity by moving deeper into meditation (concentration), the two are looking for a clear doctrine, interpretation is all aspects of life, including the value or Zen meaning of all those who dinh.Hau dwells achieved by meditation soul often can not stop there vigorously to salvage. Because they once entered the results in the magic of meditation, they mistook his constant arrival of liberation. And despite high-performance super-sized meditation might be, "Bliss Organic Border" was also extended to a number of Millennium lives alone (for men it is called eons), then "Concentration being" well must take pomegranate, pay meditation center of guys back in the prime of life and death as the previous round.

In a past life, this must have happened many times to the Bodhisattva (Buddha Shakyamuni precursor) as well as to Kolita and Upatissa. Although full this life, sometimes you did not recall enjoying peanuts like meditation, but that still seems intuitively they understand that meditation and meditative effect is not an end in itself, but a liberation temporarily in the ring alone continual suffering.

Therefore, their first desire is to find the specified liberating "Causes birth serial killing", indicating why the Heart and materials tied together in a complex samsara! Nung clarification would not be accomplished without having a Buddha. An Awakened! So they have to continue the journey, continue until footsteps find religion led them to a god Buddha.

In the old days, no Buddha appears, elaborately aspirant their deliverance often unsuccessful because they only found a maximum of certain meditative disciplines, gathering, obtained the meditation, enjoyment, then finally no longer remember meditation. Their motives range in this life which is "Call spiritual" meaning they are not cut well, has made them unable to sit still before meeting the Buddha.

At the same time when he began rolling Buddha dharma wheel ( Dhammacakka ) to save sentient beings. And works of Kolita aspirant and Upatissa to move into the final phase.

The point to emphasize here is assuming that time Bodhisattva tron ​​is not a Buddha, are great volunteer diligent practice, had used meditation master childhood, to the door to enlightenment, then sometimes you Kolita and Upatissa through meditation also can not find a higher ladder liberation. Because they had never experienced the peak of meditation as the Buddha once walked past, and they do not have the potential to liberate oneself pomegranate as the Buddha.

This is the most subtle obstacles to Sravakas sense! We can call this obstacle is "The boundary between Bliss and Suffering", is "The aura of the walls remain obscure door liberation". Except Omniscient, who approached her aura full of joys as well stop. As the years drift tracked down the old house, but just sitting in front of the door, feel happy for a while, then turned to leave. They should "halo parrot" entered the house, the practitioner was freed to do what the "base" of those who cross the road. Then they "depart" in one direction khac.Nhung reincarnation and Upatissa Kolita case is different. Sometimes the future Sravaka this sense then like two mirrors. They suddenly find they have to resort to the Buddha. Since only Enlightened can show them how to step through the curtain from halo, walked out of the vicious circle ring lord of all suffering and ecstasy in the past that they have more and last point, then back away.

3. Find out the truth

Then Kolita and Upatissa completely unaware that there is Buddha. They naturally give up the life of two wandering ascetics and return home Magadha (Magadha) of them, after about twenty years of uninterrupted wandering to find religion.

This happened shortly after the Buddha began Zhuan Falun (Lecture First) in Gia Loc garden (Isipatana Migadaya), Benares (Benares).

However, sometimes you Kolita and Upatissa still not given up hope of finding beings liberated. Once back home, they decided to split up, each going one direction double aspirant hope so, unfortunately the results soon. Both agreed among themselves that anyone found a way immortal before will immediately inform the other.

Then both Kolita and Upatissa was about forty years old, and that time has allowed the union Buddha first disciples spread the truth away. The delegation was Tathagata messengers, including sixty taste, all those Saints. The purpose of this group is going Sacred Increase teachings proclaim peace and human evolution in loai.Con Buddha, he personally went to Rajgir (Rajagaha) to the king of Magadha (Magadha) named Bimbisara (Bimbisara) and receive temple Truc Lam (Veluvana Vihara) offered by the king. Buddhist temples are present in this medium Upatissa return Kolita and Rajgir, temporarily living in the hospital Upatissa Sanjaya.Mot today issued the street, also Kolita at home. Suddenly he saw friend returned he looked extremely cheerful that throughout history has never seen. Upatiss performer of that time completely different: a solemn and radiant! Kolita immediately asked: - Hey you! Your face really satisfying, comfortable space you are in the morning, an affordable you have found the path of Liberation?

Upatissa answered:

- It is true, sir! France freed from death was discovered.

Then Upatissa narrated that: On the street he met a monk style liberation. This monk has made his feelings arising economic heart, and he did not hesitate to ask monk see Sun engineers who He is. Sa was the elders in them Assaji one of the first disciples of the Buddha and is also one of sixty Saints Assaji A La Han.Truong old also admitted that he is only a disciple of the great men of the Shakya clan

When Upatissa requirements imposed Samana Assaji He said the doctrine could not be much preaching, because he ordained new few months. And he revealed he only recently learned the truth four deep (the Four Noble Truths) that outside Enlightened out, ordinary people can not fully grasp.

But Upatissa immediately call on him to teach, despite a weak portion was enough for her crystal tears off each island.

Assaji elders solemnly repeated a discourse of the Buddha shelves that:

"Ye dhamma Hetupabhava,
TESAM Hetum Tathagataha,
TESAM Yo Nirodho
Vadi Evam Mahasamano-ti"

Translate :

"People keep saying that France,
Enlightened's obvious,
he also found a way killing effect.
This is the teaching of undergraduate recluses"

Shelves this subject after the Buddha uttered words became the doctrine of liberation package, and become the fundamental philosophy of Buddhism through the centuries.

Upatissa instant he heard the Fa shelves language labels ( Dhamma cakkhu ) in the consciousness attained in Save, Stream-winner ( Sotapatti) . Then when he recounted for Kolita heard, he also saw similar results. Also means that both enlightened that "Anything born must vanish" .su evident truth of this verse illuminated by, truly a wonderful event. For us today, four shelves above language can not informed of all delusion of consciousness, so we have not heard that directly receive any meaning. The depth and width of the spokesperson was, can only manifest to those who had practiced many lives happy abandon the temporary pleasures in life, and every intellectual discipline to clearly see impermanence ( always governed by causal conditions) and endorsement from leading estate.

Moreover, this language stanza inherent magical effect for anyone who has even intellectual maturity, and maturity in the approach used to review the practice of customary causal conditions. Plus couples Kolita ready Upatissa and received Dharma mind, so shelves language uttered by elders Assaji "As a drop of water poured into the cup is full" .su attained in Save a Stream-winner (Sotapatti) automatic detection, making the listener evident Deliverance Nirvana, beyond ordinary birth but death for always dominant.

Only in light flashed, the French label bright, enlightened intellectuals arise, they have found the reason unborn undying!

At this point it should be recalled that the three disciples of the Buddha's closest is Ananda (Ananda), Shariputra (Upatissa Sariputta) and Section Kieu Lien (Maha Mahamoggallana) was attained in Save (Stream-winner ) not by hearing the Dharma from the Buddha's mouth, but from the Buddhist Samana transmission redundancy: Ananda, the high priest by a St. Arhat named puñña · Mantaniputta, Upatissa Sariputta (Sariputra) is due to growth Assaji old, also Kolita Mahamoggallana (Section Kieu Lien), then you have just obtained by the Stream-winner, not yet reached the Holy Arahatship (alluding Upatissa - Shariputra). To be able to reach a such marvelous enlightened, Kolita Mahamoggallana must have a belief in your mind body and confidence in the truth very solid blunt. And of course it is a fact, no doubt half! Hearing his miraculous shelves language Mahamoggallana Kolita asked the residence of professor faith, Enlightened. When he heard narrating Upatissa at Truc Lam Buddhist Vihara (Jetavana Vihara) include, Kolita Mahamoggallana immediately expressed interest to establish an audience with Supreme Master virtue calm tuc.Nhung Upatissa proposal: "Hey you! First, we Sanjaya should see teacher and inform him that we find immortality religion. If they saw the predestined, he also will step into the light of truth as we are. it is one way we are grateful he was a time for us to study religion. But if he is not predestined would I think again, maybe later he'll ask us to take to launch the Buddha. we then hear uttered legal protection where an Enlightened , he will certainly be attainment evidence ".

Then sometimes you see a cardinal and Sanjaya said:

"Teacher, you have or not have a Omniscient appeared on earth, are declared righteous as His disciples to live a pure life, liberation? Rabbi, let us visited the god Omniscient! "

But the cardinal Sanjaya was not interested heartfelt pleas of the two disciples. Conversely he also enticed Kolita Upatissa Mahamoggallana and leadership of his former entourage set up a new school, with his peers. If this consent for you, they will become the masters ranks Ton, the name of the beneficiary dread cardinal issue.

But Kolita Mahamoggallana and Upatissa was expressed explicitly, no longer want to be attached to any list in the earth flavors, though nowhere more sublime. Sometimes you intellectuals have repeatedly reset the final determination of their immovable, to the old masters did find that there was no way swayed them.

Ultimately bear the cardinal Sanjaya disappointed. He was suffering heart before the departure of these two outstanding disciples. He upset cried out,

- I can not do it! I can not do it! I have a Master Career Religion from many years. We have large number of followers. One can not become disciples! Thus not like being brought vast lake puddle exchange for narrow grave mediocrity!

His soul was momentary conflict between two desires: Estimated achievement expectations and desire to enjoy the luxury status. Monday and desire (agreement with desire) prevailed, leaving him completely despite the advice of the wise disciple double.

Her childhood Sanjaya has about five hundred disciples. When the disciples heard that Kolita Mahamoggallana and decided to Upatissa refuge in the Buddha, all simultaneously want to follow. Another one wants to think of "Someday Sanjaya will be left alone" should not it, just go to a ramp, then back.

But it was too late, the cardinal Sanjaya lost sight of them, the afflicted, the frustrated and bewildered himself, should have fresh frustrations but died coughing blood.END=NAM MO CAKYA MOUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.8/7/2016.MHDT.