Buddha's life.

            

His thorough study of truth and enlightenment, becoming an Enlightenment (Samma Sambudho), and is considered to have attained Nirvana Huu Du Y (Sopadisera Nibbana Dhatu), state of mind that is completely freed but the body still exists. At the time he was 35 years old.

April full moon day of the lunar calendar every year is a special day for Buddhists all over the world. According to Theravada traditions (Theravada, Theravada), which is on the Three Gorges - Vesakha (Vesak) - birth anniversary (Buddha's Birthday), Day attainment (Enlightenment), and passed away (Nirvana) of Lord Buddha. Meanwhile, some countries have traditionally Mahayana (Great Vehicle, Mahayana) celebrated the special occasion on three different days in three years. However, on April fifteenth day be seen as the most important Buddhist festival, and has been the entire Buddhist sects agreed on period of the Sixth Meeting of the World Buddhism in 1961 [1].

So far, everyone agreed that the Buddha was born in a full moon night in April lunar year 623 BC (CN), in the garden of Lumbini (Lumbini), a suburb of Kapilavatthu (Kapilavastu), today's Nepal, near the Indian border [1]. His father was King Suddhodana (Suddhodana) and his mother was Queen Maha Maya (Great Pure Noble). His ethnicity of Sakya (Sakya), which they Gotama (Gautama), and his father named Siddhartha (Siddhartha), which means as Italy. At age 16, he married Princess Yasodhara (Gia Du Da La) and has a son, named Rahula (Rahula).

In 29 years, he left his golden bow, crossing the river Anoma (a branch of the river upstream Gange - Every galaxy), range master directed learning, living a life of travel increases. After 6 years of study with many famous masters of the time with many different the practice, he feels there are still many problems, and still could not find the path of ultimate liberation.

Finally, he decided not to live dependent on a teacher, a practice at all. Gave up the ascetic mortification, he began to beg again to restore health, and assatha meditation under the tree (ficus religiosa), later known as the Bodhi tree (bodhi), in the Gaya region - now known as Bodhgaya, Gaya, waterfront Neranjara (Ni Union Boat).

He made ​​the most attention Attempts ultimate retrogression: "Even just the skin, tendons and bones, blood and flesh dried and evaporated, we pray not move this seat until realization Omniscient (samma- sambodhi) ". On the night of the full moon in April 588 BC, he entered the meditation, Mindfulness of Breathing and heart foot, four-story dwell-na meditation (jhana), and radial relive their past lives. At the end of a night watch, he attained wisdom " sufficient intelligence network . " He then radial thoroughly understand the reason leading to the birth and death of beings, the law of karma, and at the end of the second watch, he attained " smart third eye ". He then fully grasp the cessation of defilements, fully grasp size, file size, the Cessation of Suffering, and the Path cessation of suffering (Four Noble Truths), and attained " take intelligent contraband ".

Gonorrhea eradicated, has full intellectual openness, his thorough study of truth and enlightenment, becoming an Enlightenment (Samma Sambudho), and is considered to have attained Nirvana Huu Du Y (Sopadisera Nibbana Dhatu), state of mind that is completely liberated, but the body still exists. At the time he was 35 years old.

His first sermon was all business Zhuan Falun (Dhammacakkappavattana), preached to 5 brothers Kondanna (Kondanna), the first disciples, in the Deer Park near Benares (Ba Na Lai). This lecture summarizes the essence of enlightenment, is a Middle Path (Majjhima Patipada) does not depend on the two extremes of sensual slavery and the suffering of the body, including four universal truths (Four Noble Truths) and the end of suffering path consists of 8 main sections (Eightfold Path) [2].

Since then over 45 years, he went to preach the path of liberation, inclusion disciple, had followed him home person and made Sangha (Sangha), which is also the home, known as the layman. His mission areas in the North East of India bordering Nepal, along the river Gange river upstream (Ganges).

He is often called Gautama (Buddha Gotama). The word "Buddha" is the abbreviated language of "Buddha Da", transcribed from the Sanskrit word "Buddha" - ordinary people of Vietnam where he was known as Buddha - meaning enlightened (enlightened). In the record books, he often calls himself Tagatatha (Tathagata). In the scriptures, the Buddha has 10 trophies: a supply response, the chief variable Tri, Minh Hanh Tuc, celestial body, the World League, Supreme Si Phu Truong Ngu thing, God's Master, the Blessed One, the Buddha [1].

He preached a lot of topics to many different people, depending on the mood, a foundation in their situation, to help them advance in the practice. The fact is the assistant director 37 (or 37 parts Bodhi) which he summed up in the last days of his earthly life: 4 Mindfulness origin, 4 Chief Justice should, things like the 4, 5 Based, Force 5, 7 Senses spending, and 8 chief director [3].

Buddha passed away in 543 BC, when he 80 years old, in the sala trees, near the Kusinara (Verse Thi La). That night, after eight input and output levels of meditation, he attained Nirvana Radio Du Y (Anupadisera Nibbana Dhatu) - or Nirvana (Maha Parinibbana) - Nirvana means the body is no longer living germ exists in the world . That was the last watch of the night the full moon in April. His final teaching is:

" Hey, monks, now I admonish you: all conditioned things are impermanent, be diligent, do not have the room was t "  [3].

His lectures were compiled into the canon (Sutta Pitaka). The precepts for monks which was compiled into the Vinaya (Vinaya Pitaka). Also many other special lecture later this was summed up in the Avici Dam (Abhidhamma Pitaka). Three organs are combined in the Tripitaka of Buddhism today.END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=THE EIGHTFOLD PATH.NAM MO SAKYA MUNI  BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.7/10/2014.